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    Persistent Elevation of SBP of 140mm HG And/or DBP of 90mm HG Classifications Malaysia's Guidelines

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    Laughin Kow
    There are two major types of hypertension: primary/essential hypertension which has no known cause and accounts for 95% of cases, and secondary hypertension which is often caused by identifiable factors like kidney damage, adrenal gland tumors, or medications. There are also four less common types: malignant hypertension which is very severe and life-threatening without treatment, isolated systolic hypertension which occurs in older adults due to stiffened arteries, white coat hypertension where readings are only high in a clinical setting, and resistant hypertension which does not respond to a triple drug regimen. The document provides details on the characteristics and causes of each type of hypertension.

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    Persistent Elevation of SBP of 140mm HG And/or DBP of 90mm HG Classifications Malaysia's Guidelines

    Uploaded by

    Laughin Kow
    33 views4 pages
    There are two major types of hypertension: primary/essential hypertension which has no known cause and accounts for 95% of cases, and secondary hypertension which is often caused by identifiable factors like kidney damage, adrenal gland tumors, or medications. There are also four less common types: malignant hypertension which is very severe and life-threatening without treatment, isolated systolic hypertension which occurs in older adults due to stiffened arteries, white coat hypertension where readings are only high in a clinical setting, and resistant hypertension which does not respond to a triple drug regimen. The document provides details on the characteristics and causes of each type of hypertension.

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    hypertension

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    HPT info

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    There are two major types of hypertension: primary/essential hypertension which has no known cause and accounts for 95% of cases, and secondary hypertension which is often caused by identifiable factors like kidney damage, adrenal gland tumors, or medications. There are also four less common types: malignant hypertension which is very severe and life-threatening without treatment, isolated systolic hypertension which occurs in older adults due to stiffened arteries, white coat hypertension where readings are only high in a clinical setting, and resistant hypertension which does not respond to a triple drug regimen. The document provides details on the characteristics and causes of each type of hypertension.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    33 views4 pages

    Persistent Elevation of SBP of 140mm HG And/or DBP of 90mm HG Classifications Malaysia's Guidelines

    Uploaded by

    Laughin Kow
    There are two major types of hypertension: primary/essential hypertension which has no known cause and accounts for 95% of cases, and secondary hypertension which is often caused by identifiable factors like kidney damage, adrenal gland tumors, or medications. There are also four less common types: malignant hypertension which is very severe and life-threatening without treatment, isolated systolic hypertension which occurs in older adults due to stiffened arteries, white coat hypertension where readings are only high in a clinical setting, and resistant hypertension which does not respond to a triple drug regimen. The document provides details on the characteristics and causes of each type of hypertension.

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    Definition

    Persistent elevation of SBP of 140mm Hg and/or DBP of 90mm Hg



    Classifications

    Malaysias guidelines

    Australias guidelines









    Basic and Clinical Pharmacology


    TYPES OF HYPERTENSION
    There are two major types of hypertension and four less frequently found types.
    The two major types are:
    Primary or essential hypertension, that has no known cause, is diagnosed in the
    majority of people.
    Secondary hypertension is often caused by reversible factors, and is sometimes
    curable.
    The other types include:
    Malignant Hypertension.
    Isolated Systolic Hypertension
    White Coat Hypertension
    Resistant Hypertension
    Primary Hypertension
    This type is also called essential hypertension, and it is by far the most common type of
    hypertension, and is diagnosed in about 95% of cases. Essential hypertension has no
    obvious or yet identifiable cause.
    Secondary Hypertension:
    This may be caused by:
    Kidney damage or impaired function (This accounts for most secondary forms of
    hypertension.)
    Tumours or overactivity of the adrenal gland
    Thyroid dysfunction
    Coarctation of the aorta
    Pregnancy-related conditions
    Sleep Apnea Syndrome
    Medication, recreational drugs, drinks & food
    Malignant Hypertension
    This, the most severe form of hypertension, is severe and progressive. It rapidly leads to
    organ damage. Unless properly treated, it is fatal within five years for the majority of
    patients. Death usually comes from heart failure, kidney damage or brain haemorrhage.
    However, aggressive treatment can reverse the condition, and prevent its
    complications. Malignant hypertension is becoming relatively rare, and is not caused by
    cancer or malignancy.

    Isolated Systolic Hypertension
    In this case the systolic blood pressure, (the top number), is consistently above 160 mm
    Hg, and the diastolic below 90 mm Hg. This may occur in older people, and results from
    the age-related stiffening of the arteries. The loss of elasticity in arteries, like the aorta, is
    mostly due to arteriosclerosis. The Western lifestyle and diet is believed to be the root
    cause.
    Latest studies confirm the importance of treating ISH, as it significantly reduces the
    incidence of stroke and heart disease. Treatment starts with lifestyle modification, and if
    needed, added drugs.
    White coat hypertension
    Also called anxiety-induced hypertension, it means blood pressure is only high when
    tested by a health professional. If confirmed, with repeat readings outside of the clinical
    setting, or a 24-hour monitoring device, it does not need to be treated. However, regular
    follow-up is recommended to ensure that persistent hypertension has not developed.
    Lifestyle changes like more exercise, less salt and alcohol, no nicotine and weight loss,
    would be wise. A low fat, high fibre diet, with increased fruit and vegetable intake, will
    be beneficial.
    Resistant Hypertension
    If blood pressure cannot be reduced to below 140/90 mmHg, despite a triple-drug regime,
    resistant hypertension is considered.

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