THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TAUHIDIC APPROACH:

THE WAY OF DEVELOPING HUMAN ATTITUDE

For: Dr. Norseha Unin

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TAUHIDIC APPROACH: THE WAY OF DEVELOPING HUMAN ATTITUDE

1. Introduction The word tauhid (Allah's Oneness) means to make or to conceive as or hold to be one. Tauhid of Allah means both the oneness and the uniqueness of Allah Most High. Stated briefly, tauhid means attributing/ascribing/dedicating all attributes, beliefs and forms of worship to Allah and allowing none of these to be toward other than Allah, Most High. Thus, Allah shares His attributes with no one, he alone creates and commands and He alone defines how He is to be worshipped and legislates the laws which govern our lives. Those who have this belief, will gain consciousness within and always aware of self-doing. What is beliefs, why the beliefs is so important in attitude development?. (Carol S. Dweck, 2008) conclude by suggesting that beliefs are central to the way in which people package their experiences and carry them forward, and that beliefs should play a more central role in the study of personality. And, why the tauhid? Anthropologists would have us believe that the concept of God in religion began with polytheism; that polytheism gradually developed with monotheism. That is, the concept of tauhid was an evolutionary feature of religion which emerged at a later stage. But, according to Islamic belief, the concept of tauhid has existed since the beginning of human life on this earth. The first man Adam was the first messenger of God. It was this first messenger who taught human beings the religion of tauhid. While tauhid means the oneness of God, it must be stressed that this concept differs radically from pantheistic or animist notions that all the forms of existence are

diverse manifestations of one and the same reality. On the contrary, the oneness of God as defined in Islam means that there is only one being of the nature of God. All other things of the universe, they physical or non-physical, are the creations of this One God: they are in no respect constituents of, or partners in the divine godhead. By believing in one true God, man is saved from worshipping many false gods. Tauhid enables man to establish a direct link between God and man. Belief in tauhid makes man humble and modest instead of being proud and arrogant. It is because belief in one Great God implies that man is His humble servant and that modesty alone befits him. Believers know that they must submit to God, on whom they depend utterly. Submission to one God results in individual freedom and dignity, for all human beings then become equal and all deserve our respect. There is only one God and all of us are servants of the same God. Belief in the oneness of God helps the individual to live in unity with others. Belief in one Creator gives a sense of oneness with all creation. Belief in one God gives the believers confidence, for, they trust in God and believe that nothing can happen unless God wills it. Life and death are entirely in His hands. They remain content because they believe that power; wealth and success come from God alone. He gives them to whom He thinks fit and takes them away from whom He pleases. Tauhid thus brings about a unique blend of submission to God and human dignity and freedom.

2. Can attitude be change? Focusing on peoples beliefs, as opposed to their simple preferences and habits or broad personality traits, helps us answer in more precise ways questions like: What personality factors allow people to function well in their

lives-that is, to grow and learn, sustain satisfying relationships, achieve well in school and careers, be caring toward others, or recover from setbacks? This is because beliefs can typically be defined very precisely, measured very simply, and altered through interventions to reveal their direct impact. In contrast, broad personality traits can be assessed, but they contain no implications for how you might change them. Beliefs are not necessarily easy to change, but they tell you where to begin. (Dweck, 2008) tried illustrate these points, which use recent research that examines two very basic beliefs: peoples beliefs about whether their attributes can be developed or not and peoples beliefs about whether others will accept them or not. In describing this research, she underscore the idea that beliefs and their impact are part of personality, that they underlie important aspects of adaptive functioning, and that they have unique implications for interventions.

3. Beliefs about the malleability of personal attributes The recent research shows that acquired beliefs play a critical role in how well people function (Carol.S Dweck, 2008). These are peoples self-theories. Some people have a fixed (or entity) theory, believing that their qualities, such as their intelligence, are simply fixed traits. Others have a malleable (or incremental) theory, believing that their most basic qualities can be developed through their efforts and education. Research shows that people with a malleable theory are more open to learning, willing to confront challenges, able to stick to difficult tasks, and capable of bouncing back from failures (Dweck, 1999). However, this theory are not going to be discuss in this paper. Peoples beliefs include their mental representations of the nature and workings of the self, of their relationships, and of their world. From

infancy, humans develop these beliefs and representations, and many prominent personality theorists of different persuasions acknowledge that they are a fundamental part of personality.

4. What Is an Attitude? Psychologists define attitudes as a learned tendency to evaluate things in a certain way. This can include evaluations of people, issues, objects or events. Such evaluations are often positive or negative, but they can also be uncertain at times. For example, you might have mixed feelings about a particular person or issue. Researchers also suggest that there are several different components that make up attitudes. 4.1 An Emotional Component: How the object, person, issue or event makes you feel. 4.2 4.3 A Cognitive Component: Your thoughts and beliefs about the subject. A Behavioral Component: How the attitude influences your behavior.

Attitudes can also be explicit and implicit. Explicit attitudes are those that we are consciously aware of and that clearly influence our behaviors and beliefs. Implicit attitudes are unconscious, but still have an effect on our beliefs and behaviors.

5. How Do Attitudes Form? Attitudes form directly as a result of experience. They may emerge due to direct personal experience, or they may result from observation. Social roles and social norms can have a strong influence on attitudes. Social roles relate to how people are expected to behave in a particular role or context. Social norms involve society's rules for what behaviors are considered appropriate.

Attitudes can be learned in a variety of ways. Consider how advertisers use classical conditioning to influence your attitude toward a particular product. In a television commercial, you see young, beautiful people having fun in on a tropical beach while enjoying a sport drink. This attractive and appealing imagery causes you to develop a positive association with this particular beverage. Operant conditioning can also be used to influence how attitudes develop. Imagine a young man who has just started smoking. Whenever he lights up a cigarette, people complain, chastise him and ask him to leave their vicinity. This negative feedback from those around him eventually causes him to develop an unfavourable opinion of smoking and he decides to give up the habit. Finally, people also learn attitudes by observing the people around them. When someone you admire greatly espouses a particular attitude, you are more likely to develop the same beliefs. For example, children spend a great deal of time observing the attitudes of their parents and usually begin to demonstrate similar outlooks.

6. How Do Attitudes Influence Behavior? We tend to assume that people behave in accordance with their attitudes. However, social psychologists have found that attitudes and actual behavior are not always perfectly aligned. After all, plenty of people support a particular candidate or political party and yet fail to go out and vote. Researchers have discovered that people are more likely to behave according to their attitudes under certain conditions: 6.1 6.2 When your attitudes are the result of personal experience. When you are an expert in the subject.

6.3 6.4 6.5

When you expect a favourable outcome. When the attitudes are repeatedly expressed. When you stand to win or lose something due to the issue.

In some cases, people may actually alter their attitudes in order to better align them with their behavior. Cognitive dissonance is a phenomenon in which a person experiences psychological distress due to conflicting thoughts or beliefs. In order to reduce this tension, people may change their attitudes to reflect their other beliefs or actual behaviors. Imagine the following situation: You've always placed a high value on financial security, but you start dating someone who is very financially unstable. In order to reduce the tension caused by the conflicting beliefs and behavior, you have two options. You can end the relationship and seek out a partner who is more financially secure, or you can de-emphasize the importance of fiscal stability. In order to minimize the dissonance between your conflicting attitude and behavior, you either have to change the attitude or change your actions.

7. Attitude development In any organization, skills development is not the only essence of art and science in management. The human attitude development is the key, because without any good of an attitude implementation, any organization will facing the crisis of dis-integrity and lacks of human resources control. The reputation of an organization are influence by its employees or a group of individual entity or human capital. In an organization, this individual or group will always facing their own needs by their own deeds. This might force them into lacks of attitude, furthermore they are always discourage, demotivated and at the end will develop a selfish act that against the organization principle,

which causes self-awareness attitude become lower and ignorance become higher. Jack Block, often seen as a trait theorist, proposes that models of the self and the selfs relationship to the world create the organizing, motivating, and life-defining contexts within which the individual acts, and suggests that a central part of personality development is the encoding of internal models, schemas, and premise systems from socialization experiences (Block, 1993). The attitude development must be apply in order of organization change, which defy comfort zone attitude, otherwise the process of attitude development will be fail while the commitment of employees will not be the fullest support to the achievement of the organization. Pushing out of comfort zone attitude is a need in order to change the way of performance; If you want to be really good at something, its going to involve relentlessly pushing past your comfort zone, as well as frustration, struggle, setbacks and failures. Thats true as long as you want to continue to improve, or even maintain a high level of excellence. The reward is that being really good at something youve earned through your own hard work can be immensely satisfying. -Tony Schwartz Thus, I believe the implementation of tauhidic concept towards better attitude is the right perspectives which follows our Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) way of teachings. This teachings emphasized that one must know what is right and wrong doing in their act or attitude towards others, and this act will be judge every each by God at the Here After, Judgement days. Tauhidic approach is one of many ways that any organization should prior due to an attitude development. An organization does not exist without human capital or human resources. Human resources with attitude should be more concern by any employer above everything else to ensure their organizations mission accomplish.

8. Attitude Change While attitudes can have a powerful effect on behavior, they are not set in stone. The same influences that lead to attitude formation can also create attitude change. Learning Theory of Attitude Change: Classical conditioning, operant conditioning and observational learning can be used to bring about attitude change. Classical conditioning can be used to create positive emotional reactions to an object, person or event by associating positive feelings with the target object. Operant conditioning can be used to strengthen desirable attitudes and weaken undesirable ones. People can also change their attitudes after observing the behavior of others. Elaboration Likelihood Theory of Attitude Change: This theory of persuasion suggests that people can alter their attitudes in two ways. First, they can be motivated to listen and think about the message, thus leading to an attitude shift. Or, they might be influenced by characteristics of the speaker, leading to a temporary or surface shift in attitude. Messages that are thought-provoking and that appeal to logic are more likely to lead to permanent changes in attitudes. Dissonance Theory of Attitude Change: As mentioned earlier, people can also change their attitudes when they have conflicting beliefs about a topic. In order to reduce the tension created by these incompatible beliefs, people often shift their attitudes.

9. Conclusion

The art and science of organization management is not just about being able to maintain the skills and its development purely but also need to focus on attitude development. Its like having both physically and mentally, which skills is the physical on the other hand attitude is the mental. With a right way of implementation, any organization will be succeed. Tauhid is the central theme of Islam (Md. Yousuf Ali, 2006). It is the basis of harmony in life, which can change an individual or group of people into the community of intellect, harmonious society. Tauhid as the source of all knowledge (Md. Yousuf Ali, 2006), it enhance one behaviour into a pieces of integrity, which can save humanity today from immorality environment. Even though the 3 aspects of Islam is Sharia, Akhlak and Tauhid (Mustafa, 2009). Tauhid is the belief and faith to Allah as the creator who has eternity. The existence of human beings in this world is basically to serve Allah, the Creator, by applying tauhid, plus in our daily activities, it will help organization change to develop further stage into positive attitude among workers or employees. Even though the orientation of the Muslim life is to serve Allah, it does not mean neglecting the world. This is because every aspect in ibadah for Allah will give the positive effects to human beings and humanism.

10. References
Carol S. Dweck (2008) Can Personality Be Changed? : The Role of Beliefs in Personality and Change, Stanford University

Carol S. Dweck (2000) Self-Theories : Their Role in Motivation, Personality, and Development, Essays in Social Psychology

Md. Yousuf Ali (2006) Al-Tawhid and Its Effects On Mans Life, Jurnal Usuluddin, Bil.

23-24.

Mustafa Edwin Nasution (2009) Islam Spirits and Morale in Economics; Journal of International Development and Cooperation, Vol. 15, No. 1-2, 2009, PP 113124, University of Indonesia, 4th Salemba, Jakarta.