Combat Commander Europe Rules

Game Design by Chad Jensen
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction....................................... 2 Game Scale....................................... 2 Contents............................................ 2 Glossary............................................ 2 Components...................................... 3
1 2 3 4 8 Stacking.............................................7 9 Initiative..............................................8 10 Line of Sight (LOS)...........................8 11 Weapons..........................................9 12 Radios............................................10 13 Suppression...................................10 O15 O16 O17 O18 O19 O20 Pass (discard)..............................10 Advance......................................10 Artillery Denied............................11 Artillery Request..........................11 Command Confusion. ..................12 Fire..............................................12 O21 Move............................................14 O22 Recover.......................................14 O23 Rout.............................................14
Actions (A24).................................. 15 Events (E42)................................... 18 Terrain (T78)................................... 20 Fortifications (F100)...................... 23 Credits............................................. 23 Index................................. back cover
listed alphabetically E43E77. .............18
listed alphabetically A25A41..............15
Core Rules......................................... 6
The Fate Cards..................................3 The Maps...........................................4 The Units............................................4 The Track Display..............................5
Orders (O14)................................... 10
listed alphabetically T79T99..............21 listed alphabetically F101F106. ..........23
5 Sequence of Play...............................6 6 Game Time........................................6 7 Victory Conditions..............................6

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NOTE: Items in blue text indicate functional changes from the first edition of this rulebook.
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INTRODUCTION
Combat Commander is a series of carddriven board games covering tactical infantry combat in World War II. In this first volume, one player assumes the role of the Axis (Germany) while another player commands the Allies (America or Russia). These two players will take turns playing one or more Fate cards from their hands in order to activate their units on the mapboard for various military functions. Players attempt to achieve victory by moving their combat Units across the game map to attack their opponents units and occupy as many Objectives as possible. The degree to which a player succeeds or fails is measured by a scenarios specific objective chits, the destruction of enemy units, and the exiting of friendly units off the opponents board edge. Each measure of game Time is divided into a variable number of player Turns. In each Turn, the sequence of play is fluid with Orders being given by the active player and Actions being taken by both players depending upon the cards in their hands. Events, both good and bad, will occur at random intervals to add a bit of chaos and uncertainty to each players perfect plan.
GLOSSARY
ActionThe ability listed just below the photo on every Fate card (and above, in the case of the Fire Order/Action). Actions may be played during either players Turn. [A24] ActivateA unit or player may normally only be activated for one Order per Turn. ActiveThe player currently taking his Turn. Any unit or marker belonging to that player. AdjacentTwo hexes sharing a common hexside are considered adjacent to one another. Units and markers in one of those hexes are adjacent to units and markers in the other. Break/BrokenA unit, Weapon or Radio with its reverse side face-up is broken. A Weapon/Radio cannot be used while it is broken. A broken unit can perform most abilities, albeit at a reduced capacity. An unbroken piece that breaks becomes broken (flipped over); a broken piece that breaks again is eliminated. [3.2] Command One of five base stats found only on Leader units. Command is a measure of how well a Leader can control the friendly units around him. [3.3.1] CoverA number associated with each terrain. A hexs best Cover is added directly to the Morale of every unit occupying that hex. Multiple Covers are not cumulative. [T78.3] Die RollThe six-sided dice on the bottom right of every Fate card. Die rolls can never be performed directly from a players hand, only off the top of a players Fate Deck. [1.9] EnemyA unit, Weapon or Radio under your opponents control. A hex occupied by an enemy unit. An Objective hex [2.3] under your opponents control and not containing a friendly unit. Fortifications are never enemy. EventThe random happenings listed just below the Action on every Fate card. Events can never be performed directly from a players hand, only off the top of a players Fate Deck due to an Event! trigger. [1.9.1.1] FP / Firepower One of five base stats. FP is a measure of how much damage a piece can inflict on enemy units. [3.1.1] FriendlyA unit, Weapon or Radio under your control. A hex occupied by a friendly unit. An Objective hex [2.3] under your control and not containing an enemy unit. Fortifications are never friendly. HindranceTerrain that affects attacks going through its hex never into or out of it (except for Smoke). Hindrances are not cumulative. [10.3] InactiveThe player not currently taking his Turn. Any unit or marker belonging to that player. If a game situation calls for or allows both players to do something simultaneously, the inactive player always goes first. LOSLine of Sight. Generally, a unit in hex A has a LOS to hex B if a string, drawn taut
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and touching both hexs center dots, does not touch the graphical depiction of a terrain Obstacle in a hex between those hexes. [10] MarkerAny counter (usually ) without a soldier illustration. Some marker examples include Weapons, Wire, Control, Sudden Death, or the Spotting Round. MGMachine Gun. Morale One of five base stats.A measure of how much punishment a unit can take before being rendered combat ineffective. [3.1.4] Movement One of five base stats. Movement is a measure of how efficiently a unit can move across the battlefield. [3.1.3] MPMovement Point. OB Order of Battle. The forces allotted to each player in every scenario. Fortification OBs are located on the back of the playbook. Each nation has a player aid with its base OBs on one side and Support OBs on the other. ObstacleA type of terrain that blocks LOS through it; never into or out of it. [10.2] Op(portunity) FireThe ability to play a Fire Action in order to repeatedly fire at the opponents Moving units. [A33] OrderThe ability listed across the top of every Fate card. Orders may only be played during that players own Turn. [O14] OrdnanceAny Weapon with a white bar highlighting its stats. Ordnance: must first hit its intended target before making a Fire Attack against it; cannot be part of a Fire Group; cannot participate in Op Fire; and cannot have its stats increased by a friendly Leader in the same hex. [O20.2] PieceA unit, Weapon, Radio or Fortification. PostureAttack(er), Defend(er) or Recon. Posture determines a players hand size [1.1] and can be paired in any combination (though Attack vs Defend is most common). Random HexThe letter/number combination on the bottom left of every Fate card used to randomly determine where Snipers and certain Events will occur. The number is also used to determine whether broken Weapons might be fixed or eliminated. [1.8] Range One of five base stats. A measure of how far a piece can effectively shoot-to-kill whilst in the heat of battle. [3.1.2] SRSpotting Round marker. [O18.2.1] (die) TriggerA game effect associated with (triggered by) certain die rolls. [1.9.1] Turn One player performing one or more Orders or discarding zero or more Fate cards. [5] UnitAny large () counter with an illustration of one or more soldiers. This includes Squads, Teams and Leaders. [3] VPVictory Point. [7] WeaponAny small () counter with a weapon illustration such as a machine gun or mortar. Unlike other markers, Weapons will also always have a FP and a Range. [11]
ComBAT Commander Rulebook
GAME SCALE
Each hex of a Combat Commander map measures approximately 100 feet across (30 meters or so). Each complete player Turn represents an arbitrary segment of game Time with each measure of game Time abstractly representing several minutes of real time. Each unit in the game is approximated as either a single Leader, a 5-man Team, or a 10-man Squad. R adios and individual Weapons (at least those larger than a BAR, rifle or pistol) are represented by their own counters.
CONTENTS
Combat Commander: Europe includes: six back-printed 17 x 22 game maps (twelve maps total) 352 large () die-cut counters 280 small () die-cut counters 220 cards one 24-page Rulebook one 24-page Playbook one Track Display four double-sided player aid sheets Letters/Numbers found within brackets such as [O16.4] will indicate to the reader an important reference to another rule. Rules preceded by an O are for Orders; A Actions; E Events; T Terrain; and F Fortifications.
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IMPORTANT: In Combat Commander, the motto a rule means exactly what it says should be the order of the day. In other words, as quoted from another fine game, Totaler Krieg!: Do not infer or imagine more to a rule than is stated in it. When in doubt, interpret strictly. Example A: The Walking Wounded Event [E76] states Return one eliminated unit to play. It doesnt say friendly eliminated unit; so if your opponent had the only eliminated unit(s) when you drew this Event, you would have to choose one of his to return to the map. Example B: The rule for the Jammed! die trigger [1.9.1.2] says to break all firing Weapons. Thats it. It doesnt say that the fire attack is then cancelled, so it isnt. Having said that, however, these rules cannot possibly hope to cover the myriad situations that may arise during game playso in those instances when an oddball situation surfaces, a healthy dose of common sense coupled with an existing rule or two should suffice to see you through. Throughout this book you will see numerous shaded boxes such as this one. These boxes are filled with clarifications, play hints, design notes, and other assorted wisdom in order to help ease you along. To play your first game, you need only read the Components, Core Rules and Order sections that follow, as well as rule A33 concerning Opportunity Fire. Then set up the Example of Play (in the Playbook) and follow it through to conclusion in order to get a feel for the basic flow of the game. The latter portion of this booklet entries for Actions, Events, Terrain and Fortifications can be quickly glossed over and then referred to in more detail as the need arises during game play.
COMPONENTS 1. The Fate Cards

A thing appears random only through the incompleteness of our knowledge. Baruch Spinoza There are three sets of Fate cards included with this game: one set each for Germany (gray), America (green) and Russia (brown). A players 72-card Fate Deck is the heart and soul of the game. Once the game begins, no action may be taken on the map by either player either via Order or Action without a Fate card in hand allowing it. While a Fate card is in a players hand, only its Order or Action may be declared: everything else (from the Event down) is ignored. IMPORTANT: The Initiative card [9] as well as the three cheat cards included in the game are not Fate cards and thus will never be considered as being part of a players hand. Further, whenever a rule refers to a card without an identifier, it will always be in reference to a Fate cardnever the Initiative card or a cheat card (which will always be identified as such).
1.5 Orders
They are not so hot yet, but they are learning, and theyll make a first-class army before long. Josef Stalin These are listed across the top of each Fate card. A player may only play a card for its Order during his own Turn, and may never announce more Orders in a Turn than his Order Capability [5.1]. If a card is played for its Order, it is immediately placed into that players discard pilethe Action on that card then could not be played until the next time it is drawn into the players hand.
1.6 Actions
You win battles by knowing the enemys timing, and using a timing which the enemy does not expect. Miyamoto Musashi Actions are listed just below the photo on each Fate card or, in the case of (Opportunity) Fire [A33], across the top of the card. A player may play a card for its Action at any time during either players Turn, so long as its prerequisite met. If a card is played for ORDER is RECOVER its Action, it is immediately placed into that players discard pilethe Order on that card then could not be played until the next time it is drawn into the players hand.
1.0 Golden Rule

Some card effects conflict with one or more rules within this booklet (for example, the Interrogation Event [E61] conflicting with rule 1.2, below). When this occurs, the card effect always takes precedence.
1.7 Events
Luck; thats when preparation and opportunity meet. FIRE ACTION ASSAULT Pierre Elliott Trudeau
Make one Fire Attack with any number of every your Events are listed below the Action on units/Weapons Firepower that are Fate card. Events with are boxed never played from the currently activated Move. hand, voluntarily orto otherwiseonly off the top of the draw pile, and only at random EVENT intervals due to Shellholes certain die rolls [1.9.1.1].
1.1 Hand Size
ORDER RECOVER
ACTION ASSAULT FIRE

Make one Fire Attack with any number of your units/Weapons with boxed Firepower that are currently activated to Move.
Each player is allotted a certain Hand Size depending on his Posture: either Attack (6 cards), Recon (5 cards) or Defend (4 cards). ORDER RECOVER Place Foxholes in a random hex. This determines both the number of cards 1.8 Random Hexes that player will begin the game with as well This is the light-green as how many he will draw up to at the end of Jammed! hex in the lower left of each of his own Turns. card R-1 A2 each Fate card. Snipers 1.2 Card Knowledge [1.9.1.3] and some Events will call for a Random Cards in a players hand are kept secret from Hex to be determined and, if so, the top card his opponent. Cards in a players draw pile of that players Fate Deck is revealed and this are kept face-down and secret from both FIRE is consulted. The letter/number comhex players. Cards in a players ACTION discard pileASSAULT are bination within public knowledge and may be examined by with any Make one Fire Attack number of your the hex will correspond to one specific either player at any time. units/Weapons with boxed Firepower that are hex on the map, where the currently activated to Move. Sniper/Event will take place.
Hex:
1.3 Revealing Cards
Hex:
EVENT
Shellholes
Place Foxholes in a random hex.

Jammed!
Roll: card R-1
A2
A Random Hex can also have an effect on Whenever a player is instructed to reveal a Shellholes EVENT any broken Weapons in play [11.4]. card during an Event trigger, for example Foxholes in a random 1.9 hex. Die Rolls [1.9.1.1] the top card of thatPlace players Fate Deck is turned face up then placed on top of This is the pair of his discard pile for both players to see. Jammed! six-sided dice in the card R-1 A2 lower right corner 1.4 Reshuffle of every Fate card. During each Game Time Advance [6.1.2], one Real dice are not player will be instructed to shuffle the cards used in Combat Commander: instead, whenoccupying both his discard and draw piles ever a roll is called for, that player reveals together in order to form a new draw pile. the top card of his draw pile and only the two
Roll:
Roll:
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Hex:
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dice are consulted; everything else on the card is ignored. When such a roll is made, the two dice are added together to arrive at a sum total (exception: during a Targeting Roll, the dice are instead multiplied [O20.2.3]).
Jammed!, including Targeting [O20.2]) and that roll is surrounded by a red box with the word Jammed! inside it, all firing Weapons become broken [11.4]. Note that Radios [12] and Mines [F103] are not Weapons.
direction during artillery strikes [O18.2.2], as well as for various Events. On the compass, 1 points to the top of the map; 4 to the bottom; 2 and 3 to the right side; and 5 and 6 to the left side. 2.2.3Two opposite corners of each map contain Artillery Boxes used for holding a players Radio marker [12].
1.9.1 Die Triggers

Many die rolls are enclosed within a thick red box with the word Event!, Jammed!, Sniper! or Time! also inside it; these are called triggers. These four triggers immediately and temporarily pause normal game play in order to perform a specific task. Normal game play resumes after the trigger has been dealt with in its entirety. IMPORTANTAny non-Time! trigger that occurs via the last card of a players draw pile is resolved after the Time Marker Advancement [6.1.2].
1.9.1.3 Sniper! Trigger

I got my helmet creased and set back on my butt before I realized I was being shot at. Lt. Col. Robert R. Moore Whenever a player makes a die roll and that roll is surrounded by a red box with the word Sniper! inside it, normal game play pauses in order to resolve that Sniper: The player rolling the Sniper! trigger reveals the top card of his draw pile and, ignoring everything else, reads aloud the Random Hex on that card. That player may then select one unit in or adjacent to that hex and break it. In CC, a Sniper! result represents a lot more than just a patient man with a scoped rifle: this mechanism is also used to represent combat occurrences such as friendly fire, panic, shell shock, snake bite, despair, dehydration, fatigue, a stray shell, dirt-inthe-eye, etc.
2.3 Objectives
In whatever position you find yourself determine first your objective. Ferdinand Foch
IMPORTANTAny roll made while resolving a trigger (such as a Sudden Death Roll during a Time! trigger; or a Melee Roll during a Melee at the end of an Infiltration Event) cannot itself produce a die trigger. In other words, any die roll made during a die trigger must ignore any Jammed!, Event!, Sniper! or Time! trigger associated with it. IMPORTANTEach of the four triggers explained below are always performed in their entirety before any results of the die roll that triggered them are implemented. In other words, the roll itself locks in a result but that result is not implemented until after the die trigger is resolved. EXAMPLE: A broken unit with 6 Morale has a Rout roll made for it. The roll is 7Event. That unit will have to Retreat 1 hex but not until after resolving the Event. Even if the Event were Medic and that very same unit was rallied, it must still perform its pending Retreat (albeit unbroken).
Each map contains five Objectivesred circles containing a white number between 1 and 5. An Objective is worth a variable number of VPs to the last side to have sole control over it [7.3.1], the amount being determined by the specific Objective chits in play [7.3.2].
3. The Units
The infantry doesnt change. Were the only arm of the military where the weapon is the man himself. Major General C. T. Shortis
1.9.1.4 Time! Trigger

Whenever a player makes a die roll and that roll is surrounded by a red box with the word Time! inside, normal game play pauses in order to perform a Time Marker Advancement [6.1.2].
2. The Maps
I am a soldier; I fight where I am told, and I win where I fight. George S. Patton Name/RankThe name of any unit is used solely for identification purposes. Similarly, the historical rank insignia found on all Leaders is for aesthetic purposes only. These have no effect on actual game play. FiguresAll units have an illustration of one, two or four soldier figures to denote their relative size: one figure is a Leader representing a single man; two figures a 5-man Team; and four figures is a 10-man Squad.
2.1 The Battlefield

Superimposed over each mapboard is a hexgrid which is used to regulate movement and combat at an abstracted scale of about 30 meters per hex. Each hex contains: a specific type of terrain [T79T99] which can affect movement as well as attacks into or through it; a white center dot used for determining Line of Sight [10] between hexes; a unique letter-number identifier such as C7 used for determining where Snipers and certain Events will take place.
1.9.1.1 Event! Trigger

The reason the American Army does so well in wartime is that war is chaos, and the American Army practices it on a daily basis. from a post-war debriefing of a German General Whenever a player makes a die roll and that roll is surrounded by a red box with the word Event! inside it, normal game play pauses in order to execute that Event: The player rolling the Event! trigger reveals the top card of his draw pile and, ignoring everything else, reads aloud and then executes the Event on that card [E43E77]. Unless otherwise stated, any decisions required by the Event are made by the player reading it.
3.1 Unit Stats

Morale is the state of mind. It is steadfastness and courage and hope. It is confidence and zeal and loyalty. It is elan, esprit de corps and determination. George C. Marshall Units always have one number in their up per right corner and three numbers printed along the bottom, even if one or more are 0. Leader units (only) will also have a number within a black hex centered along the right side of their counter. 3.1.1 Firepower (FP)This is the first number along the bottom, and is a units base
2.2 Map Border

2.2.1The upper right of each map contains its map number which is used to identify which map is used for a particular scenario. 2.2.2In the lower left of each map is a sixsided compass matching the orientation of the mapboard hexes. The compass is generally used for the initial orientation of the map during setup and to determine a random
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1.9.1.2 Jammed! Trigger

Whenever a player makes a Fire Attack Roll [O20.3.3] (only; no other roll will trigger a
strength when in Melee [O16.4] or when firing at an enemy unit [O20 & A33]. 3.1.2 RangeThis is the second number along the bottom, and is the maximum number of hexes away at which it may use its FP to Fire at enemy units [O20 & A33]. 3.1.3 MovementThis is the third number along the bottom, and gives the number of Movement Points (MPs) a unit can spend to Move [O21] from hex to hex across the map. 3.1.4 MoraleThis is the number in the upper right corner, and is a units base strength when defending against an enemy fire attack, or when attempting to Recover [O22] or Rout [O23], among other things. A units Morale is always directly modified by the Cover [T78.3] of the hex it currently occupies. A broken unit [3.2] is identified by having a red bar across the top of the counter and its Morale number in white instead of black. 3.1.5 CommandThis is the black number within a black-outlined hex along the right hand side of all Leader counters (only). Command serves to activate additional units during Orders and Op Fire [3.3.1.1], as well as adding to the stats of certain other units and Weapons stacked with it [3.3.1.2 & 3.3.1.3]. 3.1.6 Boxed StatsSome units have their FP, Range and/or Movement enclosed within a square. With the exception of boxed FP giving +1 strength in Melee [O16.4], boxed stats have no intrinsic meaning other than to allow certain Actions to be played for that unit [A26, A39 and A40].
its unbroken side. This usually occurs due to a successful die roll during a Recover Order [O22] or via various Events.
3.3 Leaders
I am more afraid of an army of 100 sheep led by a lion than an army of 100 lions led by a sheep. Charles Maurice de Talleyrand
beginning of every scenario, and will move back and forth along the track that is, towards and away from each player as VPs are gained and lost during play. The reverse side of the VP marker is used to record VP totals greater than 20. 4.1.2 Attack Total MarkerThis marker is used solely as a mnemonic device for players to record the current strength of any Fire Attack / Mine Attack / Artillery Impact / Melee Total. This is helpful for when the targeted players Fire Defense Rolls are interrupted by die triggers.
3.3.1 Command
3.3.1.1 Command RadiusNormally, an Order [O14.1] or Op Fire Action [A33.2] will only activate a single unit. When a Leader is activated, however, it has the ability to further activate all, some or none of the friendly nonLeader units within its Commands Radius to perform the same Order/Op Fire. Command Radius is counted in hexes radiating outward from that Leaders hex. A Leader with 2 Command can activate friendly units up to two hexes awayeven across impassable terrain or past an enemy unit. A 1 Command Leader can activate friendly units in or adjacent to its own hex. A Leader with 0 Command can activate units in its own hex. 3.3.1.2 Unit CommandA Leaders Command number is added directly to the FP, Range, Movement and Morale of all friendly Squads and Teams (only) as long as those units are in the same hex with the Leadereven if the Leader itself is not activated. This effect is cumulative if two or more Leaders occupy the same hex. It may be clear by now that Leaders can never affect themselves or other Leaders. 3.3.1.3 Weapon CommandA Leaders Command number is added directly to both the FP and Range of every friendly Weapon without a white band that is being carried by a nonLeader unit as long as that unit is in the same hex as the Leadereven if the Leader itself is not activated. This effect is cumulative if two or more Leaders occupy the same hex. So a Mortar, for example, cant have its stats affected by a Leader stacked with it; and a machine gun being carried by a Leader wont have its stats increased.
4.2 Casualty Track

The cemeteries are filled with indispensable men.
Charles de Gaulle Each scenario will instruct the players as to which spaces of the Casualty Track to place their sides Surrender markers. The Casualty Track has an upper and a lower row, each one pointing to the player that will use it. Whenever a non-Hero unit is eliminated, it (and its possessed Weapon, if any) is placed on the Casualty Track. Weapons are placed in the large central box. Units are stacked one per numbered space on their owners side of the Weapons Box, occupying those spaces in lowest-to-highest numerical order. In this manner, a player will lose the game if one of his eliminated units is placed in the space occupied by his sides Surrender marker [6.3]. Remember to gain victory points each time an opponents unit is eliminated [7.1].
3.2 Broken Units

In an attack, half the men on a firing line are in terror and the other half are unnerved. J.F.C. Fuller 3.2.1 Broken/UnbrokenA unit is always in one of two states: broken or unbroken. A unit generally begins a scenario face up on its unbroken side, but Fire Attacks and other adverse effects can break itcausing it to flip over to its broken side (denoted by having a white Morale number and a red bar across the top of the counter). 3.2.2 Attached MarkersUnits switching from broken to unbroken or vice versa retain control of all Suppressed, Veteran and Weapon markers. 3.2.3 Attached WeaponsBroken units cannot Fire Weapons. A Weapon does not break or unbreak solely because its controlling unit does, and vice versa. 3.2.4 EliminationAny broken unit that breaks again is eliminated: award its VP value to the opponent [7.1] after placing it on the Casualty Track [4.2]. 3.2.5 RallyingWhen a broken unit is instructed to Rally, it is flipped back over to
4.3 Miscellaneous
4. The Track Display

The Track Display is the reception point for many of the games functions. It is home to various tracks and such that players will utilize throughout a scenario. Its sections are outlined below, as well as in rule 6.
4.3.1 OB DisplayThe OB Display occupies the bottom left of the Track Display. Each nationality has an OB Stats marker, which is used on the OB Display to mark that sides quality (Elite, Line or Green) and number of allowed Orders (1-6). 4.3.2 Scenario DateEach scenario will specify which space of the Year Track in which to place the Year marker. 4.3.3 Objective BoxPlace drawn Objective chits [7.3.2] here. Each player should place his secret Objectives in the section closest to him. All open Objectives should be placed in the central section. 4.3.4 Data BoxesThe seven Data Boxes along the bottom of the Track Display allow players quick access to special rules associated with various Fortifications and Weapons.
4.1 Victory Track

4.1.1 VP Marker The VP marker is placed on the Victory Track at the
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CORE RULES 5. Sequence of Play

A game of Combat Commander begins with one of the players (as specified by the scenario being played) performing the first Turn. When he is finished and draws up to his Hand Size [1.1] the opposing player takes his first Turn. These Turns are then alternated until a Sudden Death Roll or other occurrence [6.3] ends the game. A Turn consists of a player choosing to either: perform one or more Orders by playing cards from his hand [O14]; or discard any number of Fate cards [O15].
6. Game Time
Time is everything; five minutes makes the difference between victory and defeat. Horatio Nelson
6.2.2 Procedure
Whenever the Time marker advances into or beyond the space occupied by the Sudden Death marker, the triggering player must make a rollthis is done after that player shuffles his Fate deck and discard pile together to form a new draw pile. If the result is less than the number in the space currently occupied by the Time marker (not the Sudden Death marker itself), the game immediately ends [6.3, below]. Otherwise, play proceeds as normal.
6.1 Time Marker

6.1.1 Placement
Each Scenario will indicate on which space of the Time Track (located on the Track Display) the Time marker is to be placed (usually 0).
6.1.2 Advancement
The Time marker is advanced one space forward along the Time Track: whenever a Time! trigger is rolled; or whenever a player reveals/draws the last card in his draw pile: treat such an occurrence exactly as if a Time! trigger had been rolled. It is only advanced once not twice if the last card in a players deck is revealed for a die roll resulting in a Time! trigger. Immediately after advancing the Time marker, normal play pauses so that the following steps may be executed. Players must first perform the following two steps in the order shown: 1) the player triggering the Time Advance (only) shuffles his deck and discard pile together to form a new draw pile; 2) the triggering player makes a Sudden Death Roll if appropriate [6.2.2]. Then, if the game did not end due to Sudden Death, perform the following four steps in the order shown: 3) the Defender (only) gains 1 VP; 4) the triggering player (only) must remove any one Smoke marker from the map; 5) if there are one or more units in the space now occupied by the Time marker, the owning player(s) brings them into play as reinforcements by placing them in any hex(es) along his friendly board edge (inactive player first). Stacking limits [8] must be observed. Any reinforcement Radio is placed into that players (empty) Artillery Box instead; 6) both players may play Dig In Actions [A32]. Once the six steps above have been completed in their entirety, normal play resumes from wherever it left off.
6.3 Game End

Self and three men left. It cant be much longer. Good-bye and cheerio. a British officer at the battle of Sidi Nsir, Tunisia A game of Combat Commander will generally end in one of four ways: 1) A player is forced to place one of his eliminated units in the space of the Casualty Track occupied by his Surrender marker; 2) A players last remaining unit on the map is eliminated; 3) A players last remaining unit on the map voluntarily exits the map [7.2.1]; 4) A Sudden Death Roll [6.2.2] is made that is less than the the number in the space currently occupied by the Time marker. 6.3.1If the first or second situation above occurs, that player immediately and automatically loses the game regardless of the VP total. If both players simultaneously lose in this manner, the player holding the Initiative card breaks the tie and wins the game [9.2]. 6.3.2If the third or fourth situation above occurs and the first two situations do not apply, players must reveal any secret Objective chits and award their VPs to the current controller. Then, the player with the higher VP total that is, the VP marker is on his side of the 0 space wins the game. If the VP marker is in the 0 space, the player holding the Initiative card wins the game.
5.1 Order Capability
In the absence of orders, go find something and kill it. Erwin Rommel In Combat Commander, no player may give an Order without the play of a card from his hand. The maximum number of Orders a player may perform each Turn will either be listed as part of his sides OB or given within the scenario itself. Orders do not need to be predesignatedthey are played from the hand, then executed, one at a time. A player may observe the results of one Order before deciding whether to play another. The different Orders that may be given by a player are explained in rules O16O23.
5.2 Action Capability

As with Orders, no player may announce an Action without the play of a card from his hand. Players may perform Actions whenever they deem appropriate provided the prerequisite, if any, within the Action itself is met. There is no limit to the number of Actions a player may perform during either players Turn other than the number of cards in hand. The different Actions that may be taken by a player are explained in rules A25A41.
5.3 Discard Capability

If a player chooses to perform no Orders in his Turn, he may instead discard [O15] any number of cards up to but not exceeding the discard capability of the nation he is commanding (as shown on the player aid sheet).
7. Victory Conditions
I want to tear out the pages of my diary where I wrote about the collapse of my will. But let them stay there as a lesson in life that its wrong to jump to conclusions just because things arent going so well. Nikolai Moskvin, after the Soviet victory at Stalingrad A player will usually win the game by having more VPs than his opponent when the game ends [6.3]. VPs are earned in one of three ways: Elimination of enemy units; Exiting of friendly units off the opponents map edge; control of mapboard Objectives.
5.4 Hand Refill

At the end of every Turn, the active player (only) must draw Fate cards off the top of his draw pile until the number of cards in his hand equals his Hand Size [1.1]. A Hand Refill may be temporarily interrupted by a Time Marker Advancement [6.1.2] if the last card of that players deck is drawnin this case, the Hand Refill recommences after the Time Marker Advancement procedure (and his discard pile has been reshuffled to form a new face-down draw pile).
6.2 Sudden Death Marker

6.2.1 Placement
Each Scenario will indicate on which space of the Time Track the Sudden Death marker is to
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7.1 Elimination Victory Points

When a unit is eliminated for any reason: via Order, Action or Event the opponent is awarded a certain number of VPs for it: A Squad is worth 2 VPs; A Team is worth 1 VP; A Leader (exception: Hero) is worth 1 VP plus 1 VP for each point of Command on its unbroken side; A Hero is worth zero VPs. These values are also shown on the player aid sheet for ease of reference during play.
7.3.1 Control of Objectives
VPs for the voluntary exit of units [7.2.1] are doubled for both players; VPs for the elimination of units [7.1] are doubled for both players.
The double-sided Control markers are used to indicate which side currently controls each Objective on the map [2.3]. During initial setup, the scenario will specify which Objectives begin under each players control. In some cases, Objectives may begin the game uncontrolled by either side: these should not contain any control marker. Otherwise, once play commences, the last player to have solely occupied an Objective should place/flip the control marker over within that Objective to match the nationality he is commanding.
Some Objectives may be worthless at the end of the game. Players should still try to take control of all Objectives on a map in case the opponents secret Objective includes one or more valuable ones.
7.3.3 Open & Secret Objectives

Open Objective chits as well as secret ones that have been revealed during play [E67] should be placed with their open sides face up in the center of the Objective Box. Secret Objective chits should be kept face down in the Objective Boxonly that player may look at the open underside of the chit. Note that a few of the Objective chits have no secret sideif a player draws one of these as their secret Objective, tough luck: it must be revealed as an open Objective. Open Objectives award their VPs immediately during play of the game, whereas secret Objectives usually award their points at game end (or whenever they are revealed). Whenever an open Objective changes ownership on the map, remember to first subtract its value from its former controller before adding its value to the new controllers victory pointsin this manner, an Objective worth 4 VPs would cause an eight point swing when it changes hands.
7.2 Exit Victory Points

Each map is considered to have an impenetrable barrier to the left and right side of each player once play commences. A unit may never exit the map off the right or left flank. However, the edges of the map nearest each player can be exited by units in play (as if the dark gray border were another hex). Generally, voluntarily exiting friendly units off the opponents map edge during a Move [O21] or Advance [O16] Order will gain you VPs, while friendly units exiting your own board edge via forced Retreat during a Rout Order [O23] will cause you to lose VPs.
7.3.1.1 Building Objectives

An Objective located in a building hex is considered to be that entire building if it spans more than one hex. In such a case, every hex of that building must be devoid of enemy units in order for a player to take control of it.
7.3.2 Objective Chits

There are 22 Objective markers or chits included with the game. Objective chits are usually drawn at random, and are used to determine specific additional victory conditions for each scenario, usually in the form of assigning a VP value to one or more map board Objectives [2.3]. Each Objective chit drawn will show a victory condition on its open side. Most of these will be in the form of:
7.2.1 Voluntary Exit

An Advancing [O16] or Moving [O21] unit may exit the map at a MP cost of 1 off the opponents board edge. The owning player is immediately awarded Exit VPs for the exited unit [7.1]. That unit is then placed on any space of the Time Track the owning player wishes. A unit is always placed on the Time Track unbroken, even if it was broken as it exited. The unit retains possession of any Weapon it was carrying again becoming unbroken if it was broken when exited but does lose any Veteran or Suppressed marker that may have been attached. Such a unit is now considered to be a completely different reinforcement unit.
8. Stacking
Placing more than one unit or marker in the same hex is called stacking. CCs oversized hexes allow counters to sit side by side within it. Even though these pieces may not physically be stacked upon one another, they are considered to be stacked together for game purposes.
Showing that Objective X is worth Y VPs to its controller. These values are cumulative with other Objective chits. If all three chits for Objective #3 were in play (C, G and K), Objective 3 would be worth 6 VPs total (1 + 2 + 3). Several Objective chits show:
7.2.2 Involuntary Exit

A Retreating unit [O23.3] may be forced off the map along its own friendly board edge, being eliminated in the process. Such a unit is placed on the next empty space of the Casualty Track after awarding the opponent Elimination VPs for it [7.1]. The eliminated unit does not retain possession of its Weapon which is placed, unbroken, in the Weapon section of the Casualty Track nor does it retain any Veteran or Suppressed marker that may have been attached.
8.1 Marker Stacking

Stacking limits are enforced for all markers immediately after placement. There is no limit to the number of markers that may occupy a single location except as follows: 8.1.1 Unit MarkersEach unit in play may have a maximum of one of each of the following markers stacked upon it: Suppressed Veteran Weapon (any unit may carry any Weapon) 8.1.2 Radios Only one Radio may be stacked in each of the two Artillery Boxes: one per player. The first such Radio takes precedence.
This means that the five Objectives on the map are worth Y VPs each. These values are cumulative with other Objective chits. The three specialized Objective chits labeled
(open) Objective Exit points are doubled (open) Objective Elim. points are doubled
7.3 Objective Victory Points

Each of the five Objectives on every map can be worth one or more VPs, depending on which Objective Chits are in play. Objectives are otherwise worth zero VPs by default.
indicate, respectively, that: immediately prior to each Sudden Death Roll [6.2.2], if any player controls all five Objectives that player automatically wins the game regardless of current VP totals;
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8.1.3 Fortifications Only one Fortification marker can ever occupy a single hex. The first such Fortification takes precedence.
So if the Shellholes Event instructed you to place a Foxholes marker into a hex already containing Wire, those Foxholes would not be placed. 8.1.4 Smoke Only one Smoke marker can stack in a single hex. The one with the largest Hindrance takes precedence. 8.1.5 Blaze Only one Blaze marker can ever occupy a single hex. While a Blaze is in a hex, no marker listed above and no unit may exist there.
die roll to have been made including any die trigger associated with it and cause it to be re-rolled. This decision must be made prior to any trigger/results of that roll being implemented. When a player calls for a re-roll in this manner, he must give the Initiative card to his opponent, who will then control it unless and until he performs a re-roll option, thus passing it back to the first player. This passing of the Initiative can occur an unlimited number of times during the game: even during the same series of die rolls.
10.2.1 Blaze Obstacles

A Blaze marker [T79] is considered to fill the entirety of the hex that it occupies. In other words, a LOS traced through any portion of a Blazing hex including directly along its hexside is blocked by that marker.
10.3 Hindrances & LOS

Some terrain is too sparse or too low to be considered a complete obstacle to LOS, and is thus termed a Hindrance because it hinders fire traced through it to another hex rather than preventing the shot altogether.
8.2 Unit Stacking

The number of friendly units that can legally stack in a hex is based upon the number of soldier figures on those counters: a number of friendly units containing a total of up to seven figures can be stacked in the same hex without penalty. Any hex containing friendly units with a total of eight or more soldier figures is in violation of the stacking limits and is considered overstacked. Unit stacking limits are enforced at the end of every Turn. At that time, the owning player must eliminate sufficient units in order to bring any hex found to be overstacked back into compliance. In each overstacked hex, a player may choose to perform up to one free Deploy Event [E52] immediately prior to eliminating units in this manner. Example: Due to a Retreat, the Axis player finds that he has two broken German Squads in a single hex at the end of the Allied players Turn. He first opts to Deploy one of them into two (broken) Teams. He then eliminates one of those Teams. No further units need be eliminated as there are now only six soldier icons remaining in the hex, bringing it within stacking limits. You are generally free to violate stacking limits during a Turn in order to Advance extra units into a Melee situation, for example but must figure out a way to remedy the situation by the end of the Turn or face cardboard calamity.
9.2 Tie Game

When a scenario ends in a tie 0 VPs after Sudden Death or both players Surrendering simultaneously, for example the player holding the Initiative card wins the game. The Initiative card thus acts as a sort of balancing mechanism to temper those wild strings of luck inherent in any game with cards or dice. Initiative will generally pass back and forth between the two players as the fortunes of war play out, though this isnt mandatoryit is possible, however unlikely, that a player could refrain from using it throughout an entire game.
10.3.1 Targeting & Hindrances

Any Accuracy [O18.2.2] or Targeting [O20.2] LOS traced through an intervening Hindrance will have its roll decreased by an amount equal to the number listed in that terrains LOS column of the Terrain Chart. If the Radio/Weapon hits, any subsequent Artillery Impact/Fire Attack Roll will be unaffected by the Hindrance. The hindrance was already taken into account by lessening the chances of hitting the intended target in the first place.
10.3.2 Fire Attacks & Hindrances

Any non-Ordnance Fire Attack [O20.3] traced through an intervening Hindrance will have its FP reduced by an amount equal to the number listed in that terrains LOS column of the Terrain Chart. 10.3.2.1 Minimum FirepowerA Fire Attack that would be reduced to 0 or less FP due to Hindrance cannot be made: a final FP of at least 1 is required for a Fire Attack Roll to be made. Actions that increase a Fire Attacks strength may be used in order to raise that shots FP to 1 or more.
10. Line of Sight (LOS)

10.1 LOS Checks
Generally, a unit in one hex must be able to see a unit in another hex in order to fire at it. A LOS check is made by stretching a string taut between the sighting hexs center dot and the target hexs center dot. If the string touches the physical depiction of a terrain Obstacle or Hindrance in an intervening hex, that LOS is blocked [10.2] or hindered [10.3], respectively. Such a LOS check may be made at any time by either player. Any Obstacle or Hindrance that is in or part of, such as a Fence or Wall [T84, T97] the sighting or target hex will not affect LOS. So a Wall hexside that is not one of the six sides of the sighters or targets hex blocks LOS between them, even if the LOS is traced exactly along the Walls hexspine. LOS is always reciprocal: if unit A can see unit B, then unit B can also see unit A.
10.3.3 Hindrance Modifiers

Hindrances are not cumulative: the single largest modifier is used, and this modifier does not become greater if the number of Hindrances between the sighting and target hexes is greater than one. A Squad Fires at a Team three hexes away. Both hexes between them contain Brush. The Teams total FP is reduced by -3 for one Brush Hindrance, not -6 for both. If one of the two intervening hexes also contained a 4 Smoke marker, the FP would be reduced by -4 instead for the Smoke. If both intervening hexes contained 4 Smoke markers, the modifier would still only be -4.
9. Initiative
When playing a pre-generated scenario, that scenario will indicate which side begins the game with the Initiative card. During a Random Scenario Generation, a players Initiative number is listed within his sides purchased OB: in this case, the player with the higher Initiative number will begin the game with the Initiative card. IMPORTANT: The Initiative card is never part of a players hand and therefore does not count against his hand size limit.
10.1.1 Units & LOS

Units friendly or enemy in an intervening hex do not block or hinder LOS in any way.
10.2 Obstacles & LOS

Any terrain [T79T99] with the symbol in its LOS column of the Terrain Chart is termed an Obstacle. A unit in one hex cant see a unit in another hex if that LOS is blocked by an Obstacle.
10.3.4 Smoke Hindrances

A Smoke marker [T94] is considered to fill the entirety of the hex that it occupies. In other words, a LOS traced through any portion of a Smoked hex including directly along its hexside is hindered by that marker.
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9.1 Re-Roll
At any time during the game, the player currently in control of the Initiative card may choose to cancel all effects of the last
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The physical placement of a Smoke/Blaze marker within a hex is unimportant: these are inherent terrain, and are considered to affect the entire hex including all six hexsides as long as they remain. Furthermore, Smoke hinders any LOS traced into or out of it, not just through it like printed mapboard Hindrances. Continuing the example from [10.3.3], if the Squads hex contained a 5 Smoke marker, its FP would be reduced by -5 instead.
11. Weapons
11.1 Effects
As with units, Weap ons have both a FP and a Range sometimes boxed and possibly a detrimental modifier (in bold red, like in the sample above) to the carrying units Movement. Whenever a unit is activated [O14.1], any Weapon it is carrying is activated along with it. Only an unbroken, unsuppressed [13] unit may fire its Weapon, and may do so either separately or as part of a Fire Group [O20.3.1].
11.2 Portage
Each unit may carry one allotted Weapon, denoted by having the Weapon physically placed atop that unit. Any Weapon acquired via that nations Support Table must be given to the unit listed with that Weapon.
E D F G H B A C
11.3 Removal & Transfer

A Weapon may be transferred to another unit via the expenditure of 1 MP during a Move Order [O21.1.1]. A Weapon may be voluntarily eliminated by its current owner at any time. If a unit with a Weapon is eliminated or exits the map, the Weapon goes with it. A Weapon being carried by a Squad that Deploys [E52] is given to one of the two replacing Teams.
11.4 Broken Weapons

When a Weapon breaks, it is flipped over to its Broken side. A broken Weapon that breaks again is eliminated. Whenever a player checks for a Random Hex [1.8] either via Sniper! or due to certain Events the hex number is compared to that on every broken Weapon in play. This happens before the result of the Event/Sniper itself is implemented. If the number falls within that Weapons Fix range, it is flipped back over to its unbroken side, available for immediate use. If the number falls within that Weapons Elim range, it is eliminated and placed in the Weapon space of the Casualty Track. Otherwise, the Weapon remains broken.
Examples of Line of Sight (LOS):

AHerzog in J9 cannot see Borbe in K6 past the intervening Woods at the same elevation. BHerzog cannot see down to Bolter in L6 past the intervening Hill that is at the same elevation as Herzog [T88.3.2]; if Herzog was on a Level 2 Hill Crest, however, the LOS would be open, as he would then be higher than the intervening Hill obstacle. CHerzog can see Grein in N6 over the lower-elevation Woods obstacle [T88.4]. D,E Guttman in J7 cannot see down to Schmidt in M9 due to the Woods creating one blind hex [T88.4.1]. He can see Pfeiffer one hex further away in N9, however. FSchmidt can see Benzing in M4 because the LOS travels exactly along the road depiction as it passes by the Woods obstacle in hex M5 [10.2 and T93]. GSchmidt can see Grein; any Attack between the two hexes, however, would suffer a -2 penalty for the intervening Orchard hindrance in hex N7 [10.3.1 & 10.3.2]. HSchmidt can see Wehling in N7, albeit with a 7 Hindrance due to the Smoke [10.3.4]; if a Wall existed along the M8/N8 hexside, the LOS would be blocked instead [10.1 gray box]. JPfeiffer can see Wehling. Any Fire Attacks made between their two hexes would suffer a -7 Hindrance for the Smoke; not -9 for both the Smoke and Orchard [10.3.3].
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11.5 Ordnance
Some Weapons those with a white bar behind their stats, like the two pictured below are termed Ordnance. Ordnance: must first secure a hit via Targeting before making a Fire Attack Roll [O20.2]; cannot participate in a Fire Group [O20.3.1]; and cannot be used during Opportunity Fire [A33].
ORDERS
Do, or do not. There is no try. Yoda
ORDER RECOVER
The various Orders are described in detail, below, and are listed in alphabetical order for ease of reference.
O16. Advance
My center is giving way, my right is in retreat; situation excellent. I shall attack. Ferdinand Foch
O14. General Rules

O14.1 ActivationTo perform or give an Order, the active player (only) must reveal a card from his hand and announce that he is performing the Order listed at the top. The ACTION ASSAULT FIRE card is then placed in the players discard Make one Attack with any number of your pile. Then, ifFire that particular Order is one that units/Weapons with boxed Firepower that are activates something , he activates one player currently activated to Move. or friendly unit (as appropriate for the Order) that has not yet been activated that Turn to Shellholes EVENT perform the Order. If a Leader is activated Place Foxholes a random hex. activate all, in this manner, itinmay in turn some or none of the friendly non-Leader Jammed! units within its Command Radius [3.3.1.1] to R-1 A2 perform the same card Ordernone of which can have been previously activated that Turn. All units to be activated for an Order must be identified before the Order is carried out.
Hex: Roll:
11.6 Specialized Weapons

A Flamethrower or Molotov Cocktail automatically sets its targets Cover [T78.3] to 0, with no modifications possible. A Satchel Charge or Molotov Cocktail is a one-use Weapon and as such must be eliminated immediately after it makes a Fire Attack Roll [O20.3].
O16.1 Procedure
A unit that is activated to Advance can enter one of the six hexes adjacent to the one it currently occupies, where it must stop. This can be done even if the hex is enemy-occupied. This is the best way in which to enter into Melee with opposing units. MPs and terrain Move Costs are ignored during an Advance. In addition, the inactive player can not use Op Fire [A33] against advancing units. You only get to go one hex but you are immune to Fire Attacks as you do so.
12. Radios
Radios are markers representing off-map artillery batteries. Each has a FP of between 8 and 13. If a player acquires a Radio, it is placed in the Artillery Box closest to him (on one of the two corners of the map). Each player may have only one Radio in play at a time. A Radio is not a Weapon. See O17 and O18 for rules on Radio usage.
O16.2 Abilities
An advancing unit may: enter an enemy-occupied hex; exit off the enemy board edge; cross a Cliff hexside [T83] if it is not carrying a Weapon.
IMPORTANTNo Order may be given without the play of a Fate card from the hand and with that Orders name listed across the top. O14.2An announced Order must be performed in its entirety before the next Order is given or before the player announces the end of his Turn. This includes any Actions requiring that Order to be in effect. You cant activate two units to Move, move one, play a Rout Order on your opponent to get an enemy unit out of the way, then come back and move the other unit. O14.3Any number of Actions may be announced by either player during an Order as long as the prerequisites for those Actions are met. Any number of Events could also occur at random during an Order. If you activated a Leader and a Squad to Move, the Squad could move first and play one or more Smoke Grenade Actions before the Leader begins moving. O14.4 Once an Order is given, at least one of the units activated for that Order must physically carry it out. If a Move Order is given, at least one activated unit must physically cross a hexside into another hexyou couldnt give a Move Order for the sole purpose of playing an Assault Fire Action, for example.
13. Suppression
13.1 Placement
A Suppressed marker can be placed on a unit via the Cower [E51], Interdiction [E60] or Suppressing Fire [E75] Events, or due to a tie result during a Fire Defense [O20.3.4], Rally [O22.3] or Rout [O23.2] Roll.
O16.3 Restrictions
An advancing unit may not: enter an impassable hex [T79; T98]; enter or exit a Major Bridge hex [T80.1] across anything other than its Road/Rail hexsides; exit off the left, right or friendly board edge.
13.2 Effects
A unit with a Suppressed marker on it has -1 FP, -1 Range, -1 Movement and -1 Morale. Command is unaffected by being Suppressed. Weapons themselves cannot become Suppressed, but a Suppressed unit cannot fire any Weapon it possesses. The Wpn in the upper left corner of a Suppressed marker is there as a reminder.
O16.4 Melee
The essence of war is violence. Moderation in war is imbecility. John Arbuthnot Fisher At the end of any Order or die trigger that causes a hex to contain units belonging to both sides, a Melee ensues in that hex. If more than one hex contains a Melee, the active player selects the order in which they will be resolved, one at a time.
13.3 Removal
A Suppressed marker can only be removed from a unit at the beginning of a Recover Order, or if the unit is eliminated or exits the map. A Suppressed Squad that Deploys [E52] transfers its Suppressed status to only one of the two replacing Teams.
O16.4.1 Melee Strength

After both players have played and resolved any Ambush Actions [A25], each adds up the current FP of each of his remaining units not Weapons in the Melee hex, then adds +1 for each of those units with a boxed FP to arrive at his Melee FP. If, due to Ambush Actions, one or both sides have no units remaining in the hex, the Melee ends with no further effect.
O15. Pass (Discard)

If a player chooses to give no Orders during his Turn, he may instead discard any number of cards, up to his nationalitys Discard Limit (as shown on the player aid sheet).
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O16.4.2 Melee Roll

The inactive player makes a die roll and adds it to his Melee FP to arrive at his Melee Total. Then the active player makes a die roll and adds it to his Melee FP to arrive at his Melee Total. The rolls while ostensibly simultaneous are staggered in order to facilitate die triggers and possible use of the Initiative card after each one. If, due to a trigger during a Melee Roll, one or both sides have no units remaining in the hex, the Melee ends with no further effect.
either Battery Access or Fire For Effect. Battery Access may only be chosen if he has a broken Radio [12] in play. Fire For Effect may only be chosen if he has both an unbroken Radio in play and an unbroken Leader in play that has yet to be activated this Turn. If neither of these conditions exist, the Order cannot be given.
This roll is modified by any Hindrances along the way, as usual [10.3.1]. O18.2.2.1 HitIf the Targeting Roll secures a hit, the Artillery is accurate. Reveal the top card of the Fate deck and ignore everything but the two dice (this is NOT a roll, so no die triggers). Using the hex-compass on the map, each die will give the direction in which the SR will err: the SR moves one hex in the white dies direction, then it moves one hex in the colored dies direction. Yes, this could bring the SR right back into the same hexgood shot! O18.2.2.2 MissIf the Targeting Roll was a miss, the Artillery is inaccurate. Reveal the top card of the Fate deck and ignore everything but the two dice (this is NOT a roll, so no die triggers). Using the hex-compass on the map, the first (white) die gives the direction in which the SR will err. The second (colored) die is the distance in hexes the SR will travel in that direction. Yes, this could bring the SR right back on top of your own troopsbad shot! O18.2.2.3 Off-MapAny SR that errs off the map even if just briefly is removed with no further effect and the Order ends. And, due to artillerys 7-hex blast area (see below), a SR can occupy an otherwise impassable hex (such as a Blaze or Water Barrier).
O18.1 Battery Access

If Battery Access is chosen, the active player simply fixes his broken Radio by flipping it back over to its unbroken side, ready for immediate use. Similar to the Artillery Denied action, nothing is activated when choosing this option the active player just needs to have a broken Radio in play. This means that if the active player had a second Artillery Request in his hand, he could use it as his next Order and choose Fire For Effect.
O16.4.3 Melee Result

The side with the lower Melee Total has all of its participating units eliminated. In case of a tie, both sides are eliminated unless one player began the Melee in a Bunker [F101] or Pillbox [F104], in which case only the other side is eliminated. It can sometimes be advantageous to overstack when advancing into a Melee situation in order to have a better chance of winning it (or as Ambush Insurance) even though you will likely lose one or more of those units to overstacking at the end of the Turn.
O18.2 Fire For Effect

If Fire For Effect is chosen, the active player activates one of his unbroken Leaders (only). This Leader will act as the Spotter for the ensuing bombardment. The active player then performs the following three steps, in the exact order given: 1) Spotting; 2) Accuracy; 3) Impact. Each step is explained in detail below. An Artillery Request represents a Leader calling for a Fire For Effect in order to bring down several hexes worth of bombardment. A Radio operator is considered to be spending the time in between Artillery Request Orders requesting, observing and correcting spotting rounds.
O17. Artillery Denied

Beagle calling Doghouse, come in Doghouse. Beagle calling Doghouse, come in Doghouse. Doghouse this is Beagle, do you copy? Come in, please! Lieutenant Foley When an Artillery Denied Order is given, that player simply causes his opponents Radio [12] to break. If the Radio was already broken, eliminate it instead. An eliminated Radio is always placed back into the counter mix rather than on the Casualty Track. Nothing is activated during an Artillery Denied Order, though there must be an enemy Radio in play for the Order to be announced. Keep in mind, as well, that a radio doesnt break per sean eliminated or broken radio more likely represents the unwillingness of the battery commander far behind the lines to support your battle at this particular point in time: other sectors of the front (off-map) may have a more pressing need and thus are getting their fire missions resolved first.
O18.2.3 Impact
The hex into which the SR finally lands becomes the center hex of the activated Radios artillery impact area; in other words, the SRs hex and each adjacent hex will be affected. The active player determines the order in which these seven hexes are attacked, though each may only have a maximum of one such Impact Roll made against it. O18.2.3.1 Smoke BarrageIf, during the Spotting step, the active player announced Smoke instead of a normal artillery barrage, he simply places seven random Smoke markers on the mapone into the hex occupied by the SR and one in each adjacent hex. This ends the Order: remove the SR from the map. O18.2.3.2 Artillery BarrageIf this was not a smoke barrage, then each hex within the impact area that contains at least one unit or Fortification must have a separate Artillery Impact Roll made against it. Hexes within the blast area but void of units/Fortifications are not attacked. An Artillery Impact Roll follows the same rules and restrictions as for a Fire Attack Roll [O20.3.3 and O20.3.4] but, because Radios are not Weapons, a Jammed! trigger will not break the Radio. O18.2.3.3 vs FortificationsThe Artillery box on the Track Display lists a Fortification Vulnerability number for each Radio FP.
O18.2.1 Spotting
First, place the Spotting Round (SR) into any hex within the LOS of the Spotter: this will indicate the hex that is to be the intended center of the artillery bombardment. This hex can be an otherwise impassable hex (such as a Blaze or Water Barrier).
Spotting Round
O18. Artillery Request

Artillerymen believe the world consists of two types of people: Other artillerymen and targets. unknown When an Artillery Request Order is given, that player must choose to perform one of
O18.2.1.1 Smoke RoundsMost Radios are able to place Smoke in the targeted hexes instead of making Impact Rolls against them. This ability is available to any Radio with the word Smoke to the right of the Radio illustration. If the active player wishes to place Smoke, he must announce this decision aloud now; prior to making his Accuracy attempt.
O18.2.2 Accuracy
Once the SR has been placed, make a normal Targeting Roll [O20.2.3] using the range between the Spotter and the SRs current hex.
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If an Artillery Impact Roll is exactly equal to the Fortification Vulnerability number associated with that Radios FP, then any Fortification in the targeted hex is destroyed before any units therein make their Fire Defense Rolls. Also note that most Fortifications (Foxholes, for instance) have a +1 modifier to their Cover when targeted by artillery.
selects the target hex, prior to making the Targeting Roll. If smoke placement is announced in this manner, then a successful Targeting Roll will simply place a random Smoke marker into the targeted hex instead of using the Weap ons FP to make a Fire Attack Roll against it.
Morale modified by Command/Cover to a Fire Defense Roll to arrive at a Defense Total. If the firers Attack Total beats a units Defense Total, that unit breaks [3.2]. If the Totals are tied, a Moving target breaks while a non-Moving target becomes Suppressed [13]. Any other result will have no effect. This is how we make moving a bit more dangerous than remaining stationary: if the active players Moving units are being shot at via Opportunity Fire [A33], they will break on a tied result rather just becoming Suppressed.
O20.2.2 Targeting Range

Determine the range by counting the number of hexes from the firing unit to its target hex including the target hex but excluding the firing units hex. If this range is greater than the printed Range on the firing Weapon, the shot cannot be attempted in the first place. Note that Mortars also have a minimum range at which they can fire. For example, the Russian Light Mortar has a Range of 2-14, so it cant fire at an adjacent hex.
O19. Command Confusion

Never interrupt your enemy when he is making a mistake. Napoleon Bonaparte This card cant be played for an Order. It acts as a dud in your handhope that you have a decent Action on this card.
O20.3.1 Fire Groups

Two or more activated units/Weapons (or pieces) may fire together by combining into a Fire Group. Every piece in a Fire Group must have both an unobstructed LOS to the target hex and be within Range of that hex for the Fire Attack Roll to be made. Furthermore, if units in a Fire Group occupy more than one hex, each such hex must be adjacent to at least one other (so that it forms a chain of adjacent firing units). O20.3.1.1 OrdnanceWeapons with a white band must always fire alone and thus can never be assigned as part of a Fire Group. Fire Groups are never mandatorypieces that could form a Fire Group may choose to fire separately or to form smaller Fire Groups, at the owning players discretion. A unit and its Weapon may even fire separately and at the same or different hexes. O20.3.1.2 Group FPThe total FP of a Fire Group is X+Y, where X is the FP of one firing piece and Y is the number of other firing pieces [see C in the Fire Attack example on the following page].
O20. Fire
O20.1 Suspected Targets
For a Fire Order to be announced, at least one of the activated units (or its Weapon) must have an enemy unit within both its LOS and Range. You can activate Leader A to fire, who then activates Squad B. This is legal if Squad B is the only one of the two with both LOS and Range to an enemy unit. You could also activate a 2-Range Team to fire even if the nearest enemy unit is three or more hexes away if that Team was carrying a Weapon capable of firing at that enemy unit.
O20.2.3 Targeting Roll

Nothing in life is so exhilarating as to be shot at without result. Winston Churchill Once the range is determined, the active player must make a die roll but multiplying the two dice together rather than adding them together as with other rolls that is greater than the range in order to hit the targeted hex. Any other result is a miss and the attack is cancelled with no further effect. So a Targeting Roll of 16 (total of 6) misses at range 6 or more, and will hit if the range is 5 or less. A Targeting Roll of 66 is 36 and will hit anything, while a roll of 11 is 1 and will miss everything. Targeting & HindrancesTargeting Rolls are always modified by any relevant Hindrance along the way [10.3.1]. Ordnance firing at a target 5 hexes away with one or more Brush hexes in between (Hindrance of -3) would need to physically roll 9 or more to hit instead of 6+.
O20.2 Ordnance & Targeting

All Ordnance Weapons [11.5] must first secure a hit against the targeted hex before making a Fire Attack Roll against it. All other Weapons and all units need not perform a Targeting Roll and proceed directly to the next step [O20.3] when firing. Generally, the range between the firing Ordnance and the target hex is determined, then a Targeting Roll is made to see if the Weapon hits and, if so, a Fire Attack Roll [O20.3.3] is then made using that Weapons FP. And remember that stats within a white band are never modified by a friendly Leaders Command number [3.3.1.3].
O20.3.2 Attack Hindrances

If the LOS from any non-Ordnance firing piece and the target hex is hindered [10.3], that shots FP is reduced by the largest such Hindrance. If this would modify the attacks total FP to zero or less, the shot cannot even be attempted; though the firing piece(s) could still attempt a different shot with a lesser (or no) Hindrance. Keep in mind that Actions such as Crossfire [A30] or Marksmanship [A37] can increase a Fire Attacks strength to greater than 0, thus allowing a hindered shot to occur.
O20.3 Fire Attack

It is even better to act quickly and err than to hesitate until the time of action is past. Karl von Clausewitz Each piece that is activated to Fire may take one shot at any hex within both its Range and LOS, either alone or as part of a Fire Group [O20.3.1]. And, unless firing Smoke [O20.2.1], there must be at least one enemy unit in a targeted hex for the shot to occur. IMPORTANTUnits (friendly or enemy) in an intervening hex are not affected by any Fire Attack that passes through their hex. Generally, a units FP modified both by Command and by any Hindrances between itself and the target is added to a Fire Attack Roll to arrive at an Attack Total. Then each unit in the affected hex adds its
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O20.2.1 Smoke Rounds

Some Weapons are able to place a Smoke marker in the targeted hex (as indicated by the word Smoke to the right of the Weapons illustration) instead of making a normal Fire Attack Roll. Ordnance is allowed to target any hex within its Range even one containing no enemy units if it will place Smoke this way. The active player must declare this decision aloud when he
O20.3.3 Fire Attack Roll

Once the final FP is determined, the firing player makes a roll and adds it to the final FP to arrive at an Attack Total. O20.3.3.1 Jammed! TriggerIf a Fire Attack Roll results in a Jammed! trigger, all firing Weapons break. This does not cancel the attack nor otherwise reduce its effectiveness
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(other than the fact that Jammed! triggers are found on extremely low rolls...).
O20.3.4 Fire Defense Roll

A player has to make a Fire Defense Roll one at a time in any order desired for each of his units that were in a hex at the moment that a Fire Attack Roll was made against it. All Fire Defense Rolls for one attack must be made before the next attack is announced, even if that same hex will be targeted again. Since a broken Leader has a Command of 0, you generally want to roll Defense for a Leader last (in case it breaks) in order for the other units in the hex to gain the Morale boost from his Command. A targeted units Morale modified by both Cover [T78.3] and Command [3.3.1.2] is added to a die roll in order to arrive at a Defense Total: If the Defense Total is less than the Attack Total, the unit breaks [3.2]. If the Defense Total is equal to the Attack Total, the unit becomes Suppressed [13] unless it is currently activated to Move [O21] in which case it breaks instead of Suppressing. If the Defense Total is greater than the Attack Total, the unit is unaffected.
C C C C C
E H J
Fire Attack example:

AThe Axis player announces a Fire Order activating Sgt. Grein in hex K8. Grein then activates the Team and four Squads within his Command Radius. The Weapons are activated along with their controlling units [11.1]. Grein cant activate Lt. Bolter [3.3.1.1]. BThe Light MG in K8 cant fire, as it is manned by a broken unit [11.1]. The broken Squad can fire up to 3 hexes away, however, due to Greins Command [3.3.1.2]. CA Fire Group is formed [O20.3.1] targeting hex M6 containing a US Squad. The German player decides to use the Rifle Squad in L8 as the base (6FP due to Bolters Command). To this is added +1 for each of the Squads in K8, J7 and J6, and the LMG in J6 [O20.3.1.2]. Grein doesnt have enough Range to reach the target hex himself and the Mortar, being Ordnance, cant participate in a Fire Group. Finally, +1 is added because at least one unit is firing downhill [T88.2] for a total of 11FP. This number is added to a Fire Attack Roll [O20.3.3] of 41 for an Attack Total of 16 (place the Attack Total marker in either space of the Victory Track labeled 16). DThe US Squad in the targeted hex must now make a Fire Defense Roll [O20.3.4] vs the 16 Attack Total. Its Morale is 5 (base 6; -1 Cover for Open Ground containing a Road [T93]). This number is added to a die roll of 64 for a Defense Total of 15: a good roll but not quite enough to beat the Axis players total, and the American squad breaks [O20.3.4, first bullet]. EThe Axis player elects to have the Heavy MG make the next shot alone, firing at the same hex with the (now broken) US
Squad. The MG has 9FP (8; +1 due to Bolters Command). The Axis player plays a Sustained Fire Action [A41] for +2FP, then another one [A24.1] for another +2FP. To this is added a Fire Attack Roll of 16Event! for an Attack Total of 20, which is marked by placing the Attack Total marker in either 20 space of the Victory Track. FPlay now pauses in order for the Event to resolve [1.9.1.1]: the Axis player reveals his next Fate Card and gets the Interdiction Event [E60], allowing him to place a Suppressed marker [13] on the broken Squad he is firing at! GPlay resumes. The targeted Squads Morale is now 6 (8; -1 Road; -1 Suppressed) to which the Allied player adds a Fire Defense Roll of 12 for a Defense Total of only 9, eliminating it [3.2.4]. It is placed on the Casualty Track [4.2] and the Axis player gains 2 VPs [7.1]. HThe Mortar now fires at the US Team in N6. Being Ordnance [O20.2], it must first secure a hit before making a Fire Attack Roll. The distance to the target is 3 hexes so the Targeting Roll [O20.2.3] must be greater than 3, but the roll will be modified by -3 due to the intervening Smoke [10.3.1 and 10.3.4]. The Targeting Roll is 61 (6 [O20.2.3]), modified down to 3, so the shot barely misses and no Fire Attack Roll is allowed. This shot would have hit had there been no Smoke (or only a 1 or 2 Smoke) in the way. JFinally, the only enemy-occupied hex within both Range and LOS of the activated German Team is hex N7 but, because the Smoke reduces its 2FP to -1FP [10.3.2], the attack cannot be made [10.3.2.1] without help from Actions.
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O21. Move
Fuehrer, we are on the march! Victorious Italian troops crossed the Greco-Albanian frontier at dawn today! Benito Mussolini Units that are activated to Move can move from hex to hex across the map, expending MPs in each new hex that they enter. A unit has as many MPs to spend during a Move Order as its current Movement number, which can be modified by Command [3.3.1.2] or by having entered a Road hex [T93], among other things.
enter an impassable hex [T79; T98]; cross a Cliff hexside [T83]; enter or exit a Major Bridge hex across anything other than its Road/Rail hexsides [T80.1]; exit off the left, right or friendly map edge. Exiting a unit off the enemy board edge, however, will gain you victory points [7.2.1].
O22.2 Recover Procedure

First, the player taking the Recover Order removes all Suppressed markers from his friendly units. Then, he makes a Rally Roll for each friendly unit that was broken at the time the Order was announced. Units that become broken due to Events during a Recover Order dont get to make a Rally Roll. If the active player has more than one broken unit, he chooses the order in which those units will be affected.
O21.5 Movement Etiquette

Each time the active player moves a unit or group of units into a new hex, he should clearly announce the cumulative MP expenditure up to that point, then pause for a second or two. This allows the inactive player a short time in which to decide whether to announce an Op Fire into that hex (or, if the Defender, to play a Mines [A35.2] or Wire [A35.5] Action). Furthermore, it should be incumbent upon the inactive player to pay attention and say Stop! whenever he may have an Action to play or Fire Attack to make in response to the active players movement. Moving players may want to get in the habit of asking Actions? after each hex entered; or maybe just pausing to make brief eye contact with the opponent.
O21.1 Movement Costs

Each terrain lists a Move Cost. In order to enter an adjacent hex during a Move Order, an activated unit must spend a number of MPs equal to the Move Cost of the terrain in that hex. Additional costs may be assessed if the unit crosses certain hexsides (a Wall, for example) or moves to a higher elevation. IMPORTANT: A unit may not enter a hex unless it has at least as many MPs remaining as the total cost to enter that hex. Units without enough MPs to move even one hex perhaps they are broken or carrying a heavy Weapon will have to wait for an Advance (or Rout!) Order to get going. O21.1.1 Weapon TransferAt any point during a Move Order, an activated unit may transfer its Weapon to a friendly unit stacked with it by expending one of its available MPs. The receiving unit need not be activated to Move, but cannot already possess a Weapon.
O22.3 Rally Roll

A Rally Roll can have one of three effects on a broken unit: if the roll is less than its Morale, Rally it [3.2.5]; if the roll is equal to its current Morale, it becomes Suppressed [13] and remains broken; if the roll is greater than its current Morale, there is no effect and the unit simply remains broken. So for a broken unit with a current Morale of 7 having already taken into account any Command and/or Cover modifiers a Rally Roll of 5 would cause it to Rally; a Rally Roll of 7 would simply Suppress it; and a Rally Roll of 9 would have no effect. You usually want to roll for your broken Leaders firstif they Rally, their increased Command will make Rallying more likely for other broken units in the same hex.
O21.6 Timing & Movement

After each MP expenditure, the inactive player must play all Actions that he wishes before the active player may play his first one. So if the moving player wanted to play a Smoke Grenades or Assault Fire Action after entering a new hex, the inactive player would always be allowed to play a Mines or Wire Action first, and/or get to perform an Op Fire into that hex.
O21.2 Moving Together

The movement of one unit must be completed in its entirety before another activated unit can begin moving. The one exception is that activated units that begin a Move Order in the same hex may be moved together pro vided those units remain together throughout the entirety of that Move Order. Those units will therefore always end their movement in the same hex, and the unit with the smallest modified Movement number will determine how far the group as a whole can travel. If one of these units breaks along the way, it will usually stop the entire group dead in its tracks.
O23. Rout
Theyve got us surrounded again, the poor bastards. Creighton W. Abrams
O22. Recover
I dont measure a mans success by how high he climbs but how high he bounces when he hits bottom. George S. Patton
O23.1 Activation
When a Rout Order is announced, that player selects a player to be activated (either himself or his opponent) provided the chosen player has at least one broken unit in play [3.2] and that player has not been activated for a Recover [O22] or Rout Order previously in the same Turn. IMPORTANTThe broken units themselves are not activated during a Rout Order: only the player himself is. Thus no more than two Rout Orders could be played per Turnone targeting each player. Also, a friendly unit that just had a Rout Roll made for it could be activated for that players next Order, or vice versa.
O22.1 Activation
When a Recover Order is announced, that player selects himself to be activated provided he has at least one broken and/or Suppressed unit in play and he has not been activated for a Recover or Rout Order [O23] previously in the same Turn. IMPORTANTThe broken/Suppressed units themselves are not activated during a Recover Order: only the player himself is. Thus no more than one Recover could be played per Turn, as the player will have already been activated. Also, a unit affected by a Recover Order could be activated for that players next Order, or vice versa.
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O21.3 Opportunity Fire & Movement

The inactive player may use Op Fire [A33] against the active players moving units each time they enter a new hex. See the Op Fire example on page 16.
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O21.4 Movement Restrictions

A moving unit may never: enter an enemy-occupied hex;
O23.2 Rout Roll

The active player that is, the one that announced the Order makes a roll for each unit belonging to the chosen player that was broken at the time the Order was announced. Units that become broken due to Events during a Rout Order cant have a Rout Roll made for them. If the chosen player has more than one broken unit, the active player chooses the order in which those units will be affected. A Rout Roll can have one of three effects on a broken unit: if the roll is less than its Morale, there is no effect and the unit remains where it is. if the roll is equal to its current Morale, it becomes Suppressed [13] if not already. if the roll is greater than its current Morale, it must Retreat a number of hexes equal to the difference. So for a broken unit with a current Morale of 7 having already taken into account any Command and/or Cover modifiers a Rout Roll of 9 means a Retreat of two hexes; a Rout Roll of 7 would simply Suppress it; and a Rout Roll of 5 would have no effect.
ORDER RECOVER
ACTIONS
A26. Assault Fire

In a man-to-man fight, the winner is he who has one more round in his magazine. Erwin Rommel Assault Fire may only be played if at least one unit currently activated to Move (or its Weapon) has both: boxed FP, and an enemy unit within its current Range and LOS at which to shoot. EffectEach Assault Fire Action allows a single Fire Attack to be made. This attack may form a Fire Group using any or all moving units and/or their Weapons that have boxed FP. The attack otherwise adheres to all rules and restrictions pertaining to a regular Fire Attack as if made during a Fire Order [O20]. Note that you may announce an Assault Fire Action before, during, or after any physical movement has been carried outthe firing pieces need only be activated to Move to utilize the Action.
There are no absolute rules of conduct, either in peace or war. Everything depends on circumstances. Leon Trotsky
ACTION ASSAULT FIRE
Make one Fire Attack with any number of your units/Weapons with boxed Firepower that are currently activated to Move.
A24. General Rules

EVENT Shellholes
Place Foxholesmay in a random hex. A24.1 Actions be announced by either player at any time via a Fate card played from Jammed! the hand so long as that Actions listed condicard R-1 A2 tion or prerequisite is met. Multiple Actions may be conducted in response to the same game situation. All effects of consecutivelyplayed Actions are cumulative.
Hex: Roll:
A24.2 TimingIf both players wish to perform one or more Actions (including Op Fire) at the same time, the inactive player must perform all of his Actions before the active player may play his first one. A24.3 ActivationWith the sole exception of Op Fire [A33], Actions that affect units do not activate those units like an Order would. Conversely, a unit that has already been activated by an Order/Op Fire Action can be the target of any number of (non-Op Fire) Actions. Except for A33 Opportunity Fire, the following rules for individual Actions [A25A41] need not be read and memorized your first time through the rules: most Actions are self-explanatory on the cards themselves. So this section can be safely ignored until the need arises for a clarification during actual game play. Actions are listed in alphabetical order for ease of reference.
A27. Bore Sighting

Bore Sighting may only be played by the scenario Defender never an Attack or Recon player and only just prior to making a Fire Attack Roll involving a firing Weapon with a printed FP of at least 5 (before any modifications). EffectIncrease the Fire Attacks FP by +2.
O23.3 Retreating
When a Rout Roll is greater than the broken units Morale, it must Retreat a number of hexes equal to the difference. A player always Retreats his own units, even if his opponent gave the Rout Order. Each hex Retreated into must be closer to the controlling players board edge than the one it just left (in other words, there must be fewer intervening hexes between the unit and its friendly board edge in the hex it Retreats into than there are for the hex it Retreats out of). If already adjacent to its friendly board edge, the unit is eliminated (effectively retreating off the map). O23.3.1 TerrainMPs are not counted during a Retreat, so all terrain Move Costs are ignored. O23.3.2 Opportunity Fire Op Fire is not permitted against Retreating units. O23.3.3 WireA Retreat is allowed into and out of Wire without having to stop. O23.3.4 MinesMines attack Retreating units normally, both when they enter and/or leave a hex containing a Mines marker. O23.3.5 EliminationA Retreating unit is immediately eliminated if it is forced to Retreat: Off its owners friendly board edge; Into an enemy-occupied hex (it surrenders to them); Into an impassable hex [T79; T98]; Across a Cliff hexside [T83].
A28. Command Confusion

This card cannot be played for an Action. Hope that you have a decent Order on this card.
A29. Concealment
Concealment may only be played just prior to the player making a Defense Roll. EffectDetermine the Cover in the targeted hex and reduce the Fire Attack Total by that amount. If the firing player is using Spray Fire [A40], the Cover of either one of the targeted hexes may be used. All Cover modifiers such as for Roads [T93] or a Mortar attacking units in Foxholes [F102] are taken into consideration before reducing. Yes, Concealment is used after the targeted player knows the attack total. Maybe the firer only thought he saw gun flashes between those trees
A25. Ambush
Always mystify, mislead and surprise the enemy if possible. Thomas J. Jackson Ambush may only be played before dice are rolled during a Melee. The Inactive player must play all the Ambushes he wishes for that Melee before the Active player may play his first one. EffectThe opponent must select one of his units that is participating in the Melee and break it [3.2]. IMPORTANTAll Ambush effects are resolved before Melee FP is calculated. Note that both players can announce Ambush Actions. Note also that it is possible for both sides to be entirely eliminated via Ambush before the Melee Rolls would otherwise have been made.
A30. Crossfire
Crossfire may only be played just prior to the player making a Fire Attack Roll, and only when firing at one or more moving [O21] units. EffectIncrease the Fire Attacks FP by +2.
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A31. Demolitions
Demolitions may only be played when the opponent discards one or more cards due to passing [O15]. Involuntary discards due to an Event [E57 and E61] dont count. EffectEliminate one Fortification in any hex containing a friendly unit.
the expenditure of one or more MPs as a moving unit enters a new hex. This type of reactionary fire is termed Op Fire. Note that Fire Actions are listed across the top of any Fate card that has one, in the same position as for a Fire Order. As a reminder of its dual capability, the word Fire will, when appearing along the top of a Fate card, always be preceded by the words Order/Action.
A33.3 Op Fire Exceptions

Units (and their Weapons) that are activated for Op Fire follow all normal rules for a Fire Order [O20], with three important exceptions: 1) An Ordnance Weapon [11.5] cannot utilize Opportunity Fire (though the unit possessing it may fire normally). 2) They are not limited to only firing once, and so remain activated and eligible to fire at moving targets for the entirety of that Move Order (only). Note that units are activated for Op Fire, so they could not be activated for Op Fire again in that same Turn if the active player announced another Move Order. 3) No more than one Fire Attack may be made by the inactive player per MP expenditure by the active player. A unit entering a Stream expends 3 MPs to do so, but this is only one expenditure (albeit a large one). So moving into a hex however costly is always a single expenditure of X MPs and can draw one Op Fire attack against it. If another unit later moved into that Stream hex in the same Move Order, it could be the target of another Op Fire attackeven by the same op-firing unit(s).
A32. Dig In
Dig In may only be played at the end of a Game Time Advancement [6.1.2]. EffectPlace a Foxholes marker [F102] into a hex containing a friendly unit. The hex cannot be Water Terrain, and cant already contain a Blaze or another Fortification of any type.
A33.2 Op Fire Procedure

Generally, when the active player is performing a Move Order, he should count aloud his units accumulated MP expenditure in each hex as it is entered. Each time such an expenditure is made, the inactive player has the option to call out Wait! and temporarily halt movement. If he does, he may choose to do either or both of the following: play a Fire Action from his hand and activate one or more units to fire at that hex (exactly as if he were activating units for a Fire Order [O14.1 & O20.1]); and/or make one Fire Attack against that hex with any of his units that were activated for Op Fire at any point during this same Move Order. After any such Fire Attack is made or the opportunity to do so is declined (Never mind; keep moving) the active player may continue with his Move Order.
A33. Fire (Opportunity Fire)

No plan of battle ever survives contact with the enemy. Heinz Guderian
ORDER / ACTION FIRE
A33.1 Prerequisite
A Fire Action may only be played during an opponents Move Order, and only just after
Movement / Opportunity Fire example:

AThe Axis player announces a Move Order activating the German Rifle Squad in hex L8. He Moves it into K8 and announces two (1MP for Open Ground; +1 moving uphill [T88.1]). BThe Allied player has a Fire Order/Action in hand but (correctly) surmises that LOS to K8 is blocked by the Crest Line in K7 [T88.3.2] so he declines Opportunity Fire [A33]. Go ahead. CAxis player plays a Smoke Grenades Action [A39] and announces that he will place it in hex K7. He randomly draws a 4 Smoke marker and places it there. DAxis player announces three (1MP for Open Ground; +2 already spent) as he continues the Rifle Squads movement into K7. EAllied player says Wait! and plays the Fire Action [A33.1] from his hand, activating the American Squad in L5. Unfortunately, its FP firing into K7 is only 1 (6; -1 uphill; -4 Smoke). This FP is added to a roll of 65, however, for a Fire Attack Total of 12. The shot affects both units in the target hex [O20.3.4], not just the moving unit. The Axis player makes a Fire Defense Roll for his 8-Morale Squad (7; +1 for Biermanns Command)rolling 62then his 8-Morale Leaderrolling 15; both units are unaffected and there are no die triggers. FThe Rifle Squads Movement is now 5 due to Biermanns Command [3.3.1.2], so the Axis player announces five to enter K6 (2MP for Woods; +3 already spent). GAllied player says Wait and immediately declares a subsequent shot with his Line Squad [A33.3] into K6, adding two Grenade Actions [A34] from his hand. This gives him 9FP (6; +4 Grenades; -1 uphill). He then rolls a 13, which gives him an Attack Total of 13. The Rifle Squad adds its Morale of 9 (7; +2 Woods) to a roll of 63 and easily passes. HHaving left Biermanns hex, the Rifle Squads Movement becomes 4 again and, since it has already spent 5 MP, is now done for the Turn barring any further Actions. C D F B E H G
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NOTEIf a second Move Order was then announced by the Axis player activating Sergeant Biermann, the US Squad in L5 could not fire at him as he moved [see A33.2, second bullet, and the first gray box of A33.3].
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A34. Hand Grenades

Mr. Hand Grenade is your friend. Lt. Dave Farrow, 82nd Airborne Hand Grenades may only be played just prior to the player making a Fire Attack Roll, and only if at least one piece is firing at an adjacent hex. In the case of a multi-hex Fire Group, only one of those hexes need be adjacent to the targeted hex. EffectIncrease the Fire Attacks FP by +2.
1) make a roll on his nations Support Table; 2) From the column matching the roll, select one non-Radio item at no cost that is available for that scenarios year; 3) Place the selected unit (along with its Weapon, if any) into any hex that is: within his original set-up area; and contains no units of either side; and has a Cover of at least 1.
A38. No Quarter
No Quarter may only be played at the conclusion of a Melee by a German player if the opponent is playing Russia, or by a Russian player regardless of the opponents nationality. No Quarter may only be played if the player had at least one unit survive the Melee. EffectThe player gains 2 VPs.
A35.5 Hidden Wire

!*@&#^$% wire. anonymous playtester Hidden Wire may only be played by the scenario Defender just after one or more units Move or Advance (not Retreat) into a hex. That hex cannot be Water Terrain nor already contain a Fortification of any type. EffectPlace a Wire marker [F106] into that hex. Note that this will end a units Move, as a unit must spend all its movement points in order to move out of a Wire hex and it had to have spent at least one to get in.
A39. Smoke Grenades

Smoke Grenades may only be used by a unit with boxed Movement, and must be played while that unit is activated to Move. EffectSelect one Smoke marker at random and place it in or adjacent to that units hex, provided that hex is not Water Terrain nor already contains a Blaze.
A35. Hidden (name)

War brings about strange, sometimes ridiculous situations. Dwight D. Eisenhower IMPORTANTThe following five Hidden Actions may only be played by the scenario Defendernever an Attack or Recon player.
A35.1 Hidden Entrenchments

Hidden Entrenchments may only be played just prior to the scenario Defender making a Defense Roll. The hex affected by the attack cannot be a Building or Water hex, nor already contain a Fortification of any type. EffectPlace a Foxholes marker [F102] into that hex.
And remember that two or more Smoke markers wont stack together; so after placing Smoke into Smoke, only the marker with the largest Hindrance will remain.
A40. Spray Fire

Spray Fire may only be played just prior to the player making a Fire Attack Roll. All firing pieces must have boxed Range. The two targeted hexes must each: be within Range of all firing pieces; be adjacent to one another; contain an enemy unit. For determining possible Obstacles and Hindrances in intervening hexes, LOS must be checked from all firing pieces to both hexes. Note that Spray Fire is not cumulative: It reads 2 hexes not an additional hex. EffectThe Fire attack will affect both targeted hexes simultaneously. Only one Fire Attack Roll is made, though all units in both hexes must make Fire Defense Rolls based on that single Attack Total. You may want to think of the two adjacent hexes as one big hex that just happens to have two LOS dots, possibly with different Cover affecting different defending units.
A36. Light Wounds

Medic! Light Wounds may only be played at the instant that a friendly Squad either broken or unbroken would break [3.2]. Light Wounds can only be used on a Squad that is breaking, not one that is being eliminated outrightlike via the KIA Event or as a result of a lost Melee. EffectLose 1 VP. Then, instead of that Squad breaking (or instead of it being eliminated due to already being broken), place it back into the countermix, retrieving a Team from the countermix of the same quality as that players OB: either Green, Line or Elite and placing it into the hex from which the Squad was taken. If the Squad was broken when it was removed, the replacement Team comes into play broken. If there was a Weapon, Suppressed or Veteran marker on the Squad, the Team retains the marker. Finally, the new Teams activation status for the Turn matches that of the Squad it replaced.
A35.2 Hidden Mines

Hidden Mines may only be played by the scenario Defender just after one or more units Move or Advance (not Retreat) into a hex. That hex cannot be Water Terrain nor already contain a Fortification of any type. EffectPlace a Mines marker [F103] into that hex. The Defender then makes a Mine Attack [F103.2] against each of those moving/advancing units. Any unit that was already in the hex would be immune to this initial minefield attack.
A35.3 Hidden Pillbox

Hidden Pillbox may only be played just prior to the scenario Defender making a Defense Roll for an attack against an Objective hex and only if the Pillbox is not already in play. The targeted hex cannot be Water Terrain nor already contain a Fortification of any type. EffectPlace the Pillbox marker [F104] into that hex.
A41. Sustained Fire

Sustained Fire may only be played just prior to the player making a Fire Attack Roll in which at least one Mortar or MG is firing. EffectIncrease the Fire Attacks FP by +2 but, if the Fire Attack Roll ends up doubles, one firing Mortar or Machine Gun must break (firing players choice if more than one). Be careful with this oneSustained Fires drawback is cumulative with other Sustained Fires and/or with Jammed!, which could cause a Weapon to break then immediately break again, eliminating it outright.
A37. Marksmanship
Untutored courage is useless in the face of educated bullets. George S. Patton Marksmanship may only be played just prior to the player making a Fire Attack Roll. The attack must include a firing Squad or Team of the indicated nationality. EffectIncrease the Fire Attacks FP by +2.
A35.4 Hidden Unit

Hidden Unit may only be played when the opponent discards one or more cards due to passing [O15]. Involuntary discards due to an Event [E57 and E61] dont count. EffectThe scenario Defender performs the following steps in the order shown:
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ORDER RECOVER
EVENTS
E44. Battle Harden

Americans love to fight. All real Americans love the sting of battle. George S. Patton When this Event occurs, the receiving player selects one of his units without a Veteran marker and places a Veteran marker on it.
Once again, it was a tactical situation which was beyond my capacity to envisage, but which just had to be accepted since it was therealong with all the other unexpected and apparently impossible situations which had confronted us throughout the campaign and ACTION which were dealt with or avoided on the ASSAULT FIRE spur Make of the moment. one Fire Attack with any number of your
into which a Blaze spreads must be removed by their owners and placed into any adjacent hex not containing impassable terrain. They are eliminated otherwise.
E49. Command & Control

Courage is fear holding on a minute longer. George S. Patton When this Event occurs, the receiving player counts the number of Objectives [2.3] he currently controls and gains that many VPs.
E44.1 Veteran Marker

EffectsA unit with a Veteran marker on it has +1 FP, +1 Range, +1 Movement and +1 Morale. Command is unaffected by Veteran status. RemovalA Veteran marker remains on a unit unless and until the unit is eliminated or exits the map. A Veteran Squad that Deploys [E52] transfers its Veteran status to only one of the two replacing Teams.
units/Weapons with boxed Firepower that areChariots Major Robert Crisp, Brazen currently activated to Move.
EVENT
Shellholes
E50. Commissar
It takes a very brave man not to become a Hero of the Soviet Union. Josef Stalin When this Event occurs, the Russian player must select one of his broken units [3.2] and make a roll for it: If the roll is greater than its Morale, it is eliminated. If the roll is less than or equal to its Morale, it Rallies [3.2.5].
Place Foxholes in a random hex.
Hex:
Events are never played from the hand: they only occur via certain rolls, whereupon normal game play immediately pauses so that that player can reveal the top card of his Fate Deck then read aloud and execute the listed Event. IMPORTANT Ignore any portion of an Event that is impossible to fulfill given current game conditions, while performing those parts that are possible, if any. When an Event lists more than one activity to perform, they are performed in the order stated within the Event itself. Die triggers are always ignored during any die roll occurring during an Event. The following rules for individual Events [E43E77] need not be read your first time through the rules. Most Events are selfexplanatory on the Fate cards themselves, so this section can be safely ignored until the need arises for a clarification during actual game play. The various Events are described in detail, below, and are listed in alphabetical order for ease of reference.
Roll:
E42. General Rules A2

card R-1
Jammed!
E45. Battlefield Integrity

When this Event occurs, the receiving player counts the total number of enemy units on the Casualty Track then gains that many VPs.
E46. Blaze
When this Event occurs, the receiving player must determine a Random Hex [1.8]. If that hex is not Water Terrain and does not already contain a Blaze, place a random Blaze marker [10.2.1] into it. Remove any Smoke or Fortification marker from the hex. Each unit in the hex must be removed by its owner and placed into an adjacent hex not containing impassable terrain (inactive player first). They are eliminated otherwise.
E51. Cower
In battle the unusual is met usually, and the abnormal becomes the normal. Soldiers may act like lions and then like scared hares within the passage of a few minutes. S.L.A. Marshall When this Event occurs, the receiving player must place a Suppressed marker [13] on each of his friendly Squads without one that is currently outside the Command Radius [3.3.1.1] of a friendly Leader.
E47. Booby Trap

Do not touch anything unnecessarily. Beware of pretty girls in dance halls and parks who may be spies, as well as bicycles, revolvers, uniforms, arms, dead horses, and men lying on roadsthey are not there accidentally. Soviet infantry manual, circa mid-1930s When this Event occurs, the receiving player must determine a Random Hex [1.8]. If that hex is not Water Terrain and does not already contain a Blaze or Fortification of any kind, place a Mines marker into it [F103]. Units already in the hex will not be affected by the Mines unless and until they Move/ Advance/Retreat out of it.
E52. Deploy
Listen up! I need five volunteers.
E43. Air Support

Airplanes are interesting toys, but of no military value. Ferdinand Foch When this Event occurs, the receiving player must determine a Random Hex [1.8]: If this hex contains one or more units, he may choose to break all those units. If the random hex is devoid of units, the closest hex to it that does contain one or more units (friendly or enemy) is affected instead: he may break all units in that hex. In case of a tie for closest occupied hex, the player drawing the Event chooses which will be affected.
E52.1When this Event occurs, the active player may select one friendly Squad on the map. If he does, the Squad is removed from its hex, placed back in the countermix, and replaced with two Teams of the same quality (Green, Line or Elite) as that players OB. E52.2These Teams enter play broken if the Squad was broken [3.2]. If there was a Weapon, Suppressed and/or Veteran marker on the Squad, only one of the two Teams retains the marker. Finally, these Teams are treated as being the same unit from which they were createdso if the Squad had been activated for an Order previously that Turn, they are considered to have been activated as well; and any pending results against the Squad (such as becoming Suppressed, broken or eliminated) will immediately affect both Teams equally.
E48. Breeze
When this Event occurs, remove all Smoke markers from the map. Then place a random Blaze marker [10.2.1] into each non-Water hex that is both adjacent to and downwind of an existing Blaze marker. The downwind direction is stated in the Event as a number between 1 and 6, which corresponds to the hex compass on each map. Any units in a hex
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Turning one Squad into two Teams gives you a bit more flexibility in movement, stacking, and garrisoning Objectivesand can also increase your net FP when part of a larger Fire Group. The drawback is usually weaker stats, the loss of boxed stats, and because there are two where once there was one they become harder to control without a friendly Leader nearby.
he does, he may Rally [3.2.5] one broken unit in that placement hex.
E61. Interrogation
Counter intelligence means that you hope youre smarter than your adversary but wont know for certain unless one of you ends up dead. When this Event occurs, the opposing player must show the receiving player all the cards in his hand. The receiving player may choose one of those cards. If he does, that card is placed in the opponents discard pile.
E58.1 Heroes
E53. Dust
I couldnt see my hand in front of my face. Lucky for me, the enemy couldnt see my hand in front of my face, either. Private Adamson When this Event occurs, the receiving player must determine a Random Hex [1.8]. If that hex is not Water Terrain and doesnt already contain a Blaze marker, he selects a random Smoke marker and places it there.
Heroes are Leaders [3.3] in every respect, with two exceptions: A Hero never earns its owner exit VPs nor does the opponent ever gain VPs for its elimination. An exited/eliminated Hero is always put back in the countermix, never onto the Casualty Track. A Hero may be activated more than once per Turn, thus allowing it to perform more than one Order per Turn. Heroes enjoy running full speed up an open road towards an Objective hex. They also love to charge machine gun nests in order to take them out in close combat. Other useful tasks for Heroes will no doubt be discovered by the player well-versed in Hollywood war movies.
E62. KIA
When this Event occurs, the receiving player must select one broken unit (enemy or friendly) and eliminate it.
E63. Malfunction
E54. lan
Either I will find a way, or I will make one. Philip Sidney When this Event occurs, the receiving player moves his Surrender marker into the next higher space on his side of the Casualty Track.
Every regiment had already lost 500 men to frostbite the machine guns were no longer able to fire. Heinz Guderian When this Event occurs, the receiving player must determine a Random Hex [1.8]. The unbroken Weapon (enemy or friendly) that is closest to that hex breaks. In case of a tie, the player drawing the Event chooses which will be affected.
E59. Infiltration
When I began to use my cricket, the first man I met in the darkness I thought was a German until he cricketed. We threw our arms around each other, and from that moment I knew we had won the war. Maxwell D. Taylor When this Event occurs, the receiving player performs the following steps: 1) Make a roll on his nations Support Table; 2) From the column matching the roll, select one non-Radio item at no cost that is available for that scenarios year; 3) Determine a Random Hex [1.8]; 4) Place the selected unit (along with its Weapon, if any) in or adjacent to that hex. Stacking limits [8] must be observed, and the unit cannot be placed in an impassable hex (such as a Blaze or Water Barrier).
E55. Entrench
When this Event occurs, the receiving player may place a Foxholes marker into any friendly-occupied, non-Water hex not already containing a Fortification.
E64. Medic!
No guts, no glory. When this Event occurs, the receiving player must select one broken unit (enemy or friendly) and Rally it [3.2.5].
E56. Field Promotion

The officers of the Italian Army are not qualified for the job. Count Galeazzo Ciano When this Event occurs, if not already on the map, the receiving player may place his nations Private (the one with 6 Morale and 2 Command) into a hex occupied by one of his broken units [3.2].
E65. Mission Objective

Dont fight a battle if you dont gain anything by winning. Erwin Rommel When this Event occurs, the receiving player draws one (secret) Objective chit at random. This new Objective chit does not replace any existing Objective chit it is used in conjunction with them and may be kept secret from the opponent unless it is one that has no (secret) side.
E57. Fog of War

Battle is an orgy of disorder. George S. Patton When this Event occurs, each player selects one card at random from the opposing players hand. Those cards are placed in their owners respective discard piles.
E60. Interdiction
Mussolini is quite humiliated because our troops have not moved a step forward. Even today they have not succeeded in advancing and have halted in front of the first French fortification which put up some resistance. Count Galeazzo Ciano When this Event occurs, the receiving player must select one unsuppressed unit (enemy or friendly; broken or unbroken) that occupies a hex with Cover less than 1 and put a Suppressed marker [13] on it.
E66. Prisoners of War

We shall show mercy, but we shall not ask for it. Winston Churchill When this Event occurs, the receiving player must select one of his own broken units [3.2] that is adjacent to or in the same hex as an enemy unit and eliminate it.
E58. Hero
A true knight is fuller of bravery in the midst, than in the beginning of danger. Philip Sidney When this Event occurs, if the receiving players Hero unit [E58.1] is not already on the map, he must place it into any friendly hex. If
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If it somehow wasnt a good idea before, try to keep your broken units far away from enemy units.
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E67. Reconnaissance
Many intelligence reports in war are contradictory; even more are false, and most are uncertain. Karl von Clausewitz When this Event occurs, the opposing player must select and reveal one of his unrevealed secret Objective chits, if any. The revealed chit becomes an open Objective for the remainder of the game. Remember to award any VPs corresponding to that chits mapboard Objective(s) to their current controller right away.
E73. Shellholes
When this Event occurs, the receiving player must determine a Random Hex [1.8]. If that hex is not Water Terrain and does not already contain a Blaze or Fortification of any kind, place a Foxholes marker into it [F102].
TERRAIN
The roads that were nice and red and thick on the map turned out to be tracks. Gerd von Rundstedt
E74. Strategic Objective

When this Event occurs, one Objective chit is drawn at random and placed face up (open) in the center section of the Objectives box for both players to see. This new Objective chit does not replace an existing Objective chitit is used in conjunction with them. And if this new chit references one or more mapboard Objectives, remember to award those victory points to the Objectives current controller right away.
T78. General Rules

Your first time through the rules, you really only need to read the four sections that follow for Types, Movement, Cover and LOS. The many Hill rules, as well as those for the other individual terrain types [T79T99], can then be referred to as needed depending on which map is in use for a particular scenario.
E68. Reinforcements
If the General insists on my counterattacking immediately then I must insist on receiving some armor and artillery assets sooner than immediately. Colonel Melvin Hale When this Event occurs, the receiving player performs the following steps: 1) Make a roll on his nations Support Table; 2) From the column matching the roll, select one item at no cost that is available for that scenarios year; 3) If a Radio is selected, he places it in his (empty) Artillery Box. If a unit is selected, he places it (along with its Weapon, if any) into any hex along his friendly board edge. Stacking limits [8] must be observed, and the unit cannot be placed in an impassable hex (such as a Blaze or Water Barrier).
T78.1 Types & Features

Every hex on every map in Combat Commander is defined by what terrain type it contains. A hexs terrain type is the one that is predominant within it, be it Woods, a Building, or Brush, for example. Some hex sides also contain terrain that can affect fire or movement, such as a Cliff, Fence, Wall or Hedge. Roads, Railroads and Trails can also occupy a hex, usually modifying a units movement therein. Smoke and Blaze markers also function as terrain to a certain degree. Terrain types are shown on the Terrain Chart with green backgrounds. Terrain features are shown with tan backgrounds and will generally only modify the terrain type they share a hex with. The Terrain Chart lists the various types of terrain in hierarchical orderthat is, if a hex contains two different terrain types, the one shown closest to the top of the chart takes precedence. So for example a Major Bridge over a Stream is a Major Bridge hex for all purposes, not a Stream hex (and thus not a Water hex, either). This also means that a hex is an Open Ground hex only if it contains none of the terrain types shown above it (those with their text on a green background)it could contain any of the terrain features shown below it (those on a tan background) and still be an Open Ground hex, albeit with some sort of modification.
E75. Suppressing Fire

When this Event occurs, the receiving player may place a Suppression marker [13] on one enemy unit without one. The chosen enemy unit must be within both the current Range and LOS of one of the receiving players unbroken MGs possessed by an unbroken, unsuppressed friendly unit.
E76. Walking Wounded

With amazement and disappointment, we discovered in late October and early November that the beaten Russians seemed quite unaware that as a military force they had almost ceased to exist. General Blumentritt When this Event occurs, the receiving player must perform the following steps: 1) Select one eliminated unit (enemy or friendly) on the Casualty Track; 2) Determine a Random Hex; 3) Place the selected unit in or adjacent to that hex, broken [3.2]. Stacking limits [8] must be observed, and the unit cannot be placed in an impassable hex (such as a Blaze or Water Barrier).
E69. Rubble
When this Event occurs, the receiving player must determine a Random Hex [1.8]. If that hex is not Water Terrain and does not already contain a Blaze or Fortification of any kind, place a Wire marker into it [F106].
E70. Sappers
When this Event occurs, the receiving player may remove either one Mines marker or one Wire marker from the map.
E71. Scrounge
When this Event occurs, the receiving player may select one eliminated Weapon (enemy or friendly) from the Casualty Track and return that Weapon to play under the control of one of his units currently without a Weapon.
E77. White Phosphorus

When this Event occurs, the receiving player may draw a random Smoke marker then place it into a hex adjacent to one of his unbroken Squads (only). The selected hex cannot be Water Terrain nor contain a Blaze. If he does, each player that controls a unit in that hex must choose one such friendly unit and break it [3.2].
T78.2 Move Costs

Each terrain lists a Move Cost which is the amount of MPs a unit must expend to Move [O21] into that hex or across that hexside.
E72. Shell Shock

When this Event occurs, the receiving player must determine a Random Hex [1.8]. The unit (enemy or friendly) that is closest to that hex breaks [3.2]. In case of a tie for closest unit, the player drawing the Event chooses which will be affected.
T78.3 Cover
Each terrain lists a Cover in the form of a whole number, which may be negative. At all times and for all purposes, Cover directly modifies the Morale of every unit in the same hex. Cover is never cumulative, however, so a player must choose only one instance of Cover to apply if more than one is present.
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A Team has a printed Morale of 7. If it occupied a Brush hex, its Morale would be 8 (7; +1 for the Cover of the Brush). If an enemy Squad shoots at the Team across a Wall hexside, the Team can choose to instead use the (alternate) 2 Cover of the Wall, giving it a Morale of 9 for that attack. If that Team was stacked with a Foxholes marker, the owning player could choose to ignore both the 1 Cover of the Brush and the 2 Cover of the Wall and instead add the 3 Cover of the Foxholes, giving it 10 Morale.
T81. Brush
MOVE COST: 2 COVER: 1 LOS: 3 Hindrance
T82. Building
MOVE COST: 2 COVER: 3 LOS: Obstacle; creates one Blind Hex [T88.4.1] Building ObjectivesIf a mapboard Objective [2.3] occupies a building hex, and that building spans two or more hexes, the Objective is considered to be the entirety of that building (that is, every hex that it occupies), not just the hex containing the Objective number.
brown), 3 (medium brown) or 4 (dark brown). Therefore, a unit on a Hill is above any terrain occupying either a ground-level hex or a Hill hex of a lower level. A Hill hex functions exactly like any other ground level hex except as modified below.
T88.1 Uphill Movement

A moving unit must expend +1 MP in order to enter a hex at a higher elevation than the one it is leaving. A unit moving from a level 1 Hill hex containing Woods to a level 2 Hill hex containing Woods must expend 3 MPs (2 for the Woods plus 1 for the change in elevation). The reverse downhill move would cost only 2 MP.
T78.4 LOS
Each terrain lists whether it is an Obstacle, Hindrance or Clear. Obstacles block same-level LOS. Obstacles usually create one Blind Hex [T88.4.1] to a higher-level observer. Hindrances reduce the FP of same-level fire attacks traced through them. Clear terrain has no affect on LOS. See the LOS rules [10] for more detail. The various types of terrain are described in detail, below, and are listed in alphabetical order for ease of reference. The information that follows is also shown graphically on the Terrain Chart located on one side of the player aid sheet.
T83. Cliff
MOVE COST: Impassable; CLIMBING: a unit without a Weapon may Advance [O16] across a Cliff hexside. COVER: none LOS: Clear
T88.2 Height Advantage

A Fire Attack suffers -1 FP if the target hex is at a higher elevation than any one firing piece. Conversely, a Fire Attack gains +1 FP if the target hex is at a lower elevation than any one firing piece.
T84. Fence
MOVE COST: +1 when crossing. COVER: none LOS: 1 Hindrance; or Clear if the Fence is one of the six hexsides of the sighting or target hex.
T88.3 Hills & LOS

T88.3.1 Military Crest Lines
A hex showing more than one level is termed a Crest hex. The level at which a Crest hexs center dot lies is its actual level. In every Crest hex, the physical edge of the higher-level Hill is termed the Crest Line.
T79. Blaze
MOVE COST: Impassable COVER: Impassable LOS: Obstacle (at all levels)
T85. Field
T88.3.2 Vertical LOS

A unit may only trace a LOS into the initial Crest hex of each elevation above it. Likewise, a unit on a Hill may trace a LOS to a hex at a lower elevation only if that LOS never passes through a Crest Line of equal or greater height in an intervening hex. So unit A on a Hill can see unit B at a lower elevation only if the LOS from unit A both: crosses a Crest Line before it crosses a hexside; and never again crosses a Crest Line of the same or higher elevation.
T80. Bridge
MOVE COST: (see below) COVER: 2; but note that a Road [T93] will usually drop this to a net Cover of 1 LOS: 1 Hindrance
T86. Gully
MOVE COST: 2 COVER: 1; though a unit in a Gully cannot be seen except from an adjacent hex or a hex at a higher elevation [T88], and vice versa. LOS: Clear
T80.1 Major Bridge

A Major Bridge is defined as one that spans the entirety of one or more hexes, with a small part of it extending across its outermost hexsides into opposite (non-Bridge) hexes. MOVE COST: Impassable; or 1 if directly along the Road / Railway depiction. Also, units can only leave a Major Bridge hex via one of its two Road / Railway hexsides.
T87. Hedge
MOVE COST: +1 when crossing. COVER: none; or 1 if a Fire Attack crossed the Hedge as it entered the target hex (not applicable when defending against Mortars or Artillery). LOS: Obstacle; or Clear if the Hedge is one of the six hexsides of the sighting or target hex.
T88.3.3 Hills as Obstacles

A Hill itself blocks LOS traced between any two hexes of lower elevation. A unit on a level 2 Hill can see past an intervening level 2 Hill only to another Hill of height 2, 3 or 4. If that intervening Hill were level 3 instead, the target hex would have to be at level 4 to be seen (and even then it would have to be a level 4 Crest).
T80.2 Minor Bridge

A Minor Bridge is defined as one that lies entirely within the confines of a single hex. MOVE COST: 1 if traversing a Road / Railway hexside; otherwise use the cost of the other terrain in the hex.
T88. Hills
Due to the relative complexity of Hills, new players may want to play their first few scenarios on those boards without Hills. The standard buff-colored Open Ground hex in Combat Commander is said to be at level 0 or ground level. Hills can then be thought of as being at levels 1 (tan), 2 (light
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T88.4 Hills & Obstacles

The LOS to or from a Hill hex is blocked only if it clearly touches any part of the physical depiction of an Obstacle at the same or higher elevation as that Hill hex. In other words, LOS to or from a Hill hex is not blocked by Obstacles that lie at a lower elevation (exception: see Blind Hexes, below).
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A unit on a level 1 Hill can see past (over) an intervening building at level 0 to another unit on a distant level 1 Hill. If the building were also on a Hill, however, that LOS would be blocked. A Blaze marker, however, always blocks LOS through its hex, regardless of the sighters or targets elevation. The obstacle that a Blaze marker creates is considered to be at a height sufficient enough to affect any possible LOS that can be represented in the game.
T90. Open Ground

MOVE COST: 1 COVER: 0 LOS: Clear
The actual Hindrance value of Smoke is printed on the individual markers.
T95. Stream
MOVE COST: 3 COVER: -1 LOS: Clear WATER TERRAIN: No Weapon of any kind may fire from a Stream hex. No Blaze, Smoke or Fortification of any kind may ever occupy a Stream hex.
T91. Orchard
T92. Railway
MOVE COST: 1 if travelling along the Railway depiction (that is, the moving unit crossed a Railway hexside as it entered the hex); otherwise depends on other terrain in the hex. COVER: Depends on other terrain in the hex. LOS: 1 Hindrance; or Clear if the LOS proceeds directly along the Railway depiction.
T88.4.1 Blind Hexes

A unit on a Hill can see into a lower-level Woods or Building hex, as normal, but can not see into the next hex beyond it if that next hex is also at or lower than the Woods/ Building hexs elevation. In other words, a lower-level Woods or Building creates a one-hex blind zone behind it to an observer at a higher elevationall hexes beyond this blind zone are visible from the Hill (barring further Woods/Buildings along the way). A unit on a level 1 Hill can see past a level 0 building except into the level 0 hex directly behind it. Conversely, a unit on a level 1 Hill could see past an intervening level 1 building to a unit at level 2 or higher unless that building was in the first intervening hex along that LOS.
T96. Trail
MOVE COST: 1 if traveling along the Trail depiction (that is, the moving unit crossed a Trail hexside as it entered the hex); otherwise depends on the other terrain in the hex. COVER: Depends on other terrain in the hex. LOS: Depends on other terrain in the hex.
T93. Road
MOVE COST: 1 if travelling along the Road depiction (that is, the moving unit crossed a Road hexside as it entered the hex); otherwise, it depends on the other terrain in the hex. A unit gains +1 to its Movement number as long as it entered a hex containing a Road at any point during a Move Order. This bonus ceases at the conclusion of that Move Order. The unit need not have entered the Road hex via a road hexside to gain the bonushere we can assume that crossing a road is also quick and easy to do. COVER: none; however, the Cover of any other Fortification or Terrain within a hex containing a Road is decreased by 1. So a Building hex with a Road going through it has a Cover of 2 (3 for the Building; modified by -1 for the Road). A German Squad with a printed Morale of 7 in an Open Ground hex containing a Road will be at -1 Cover and therefore have 6 Morale for all purposes. If Foxholes [F102] were later placed in that hex, it would have a Morale of 9 (7; +3 Foxholes; -1 Road). LOS: Clear if the LOS proceeds directly along the Road depiction; otherwise depends on the other terrain in the hex.
T97. Wall
MOVE COST: +1 when crossing. COVER: none; or 2 if a Fire Attack crossed the Wall as it entered the target hex (not applicable when firing Mortars or Artillery). LOS: Obstacle; or Clear if the Wall is one of the six hexsides of the sighting or target hex.
T98. Water Barrier

MOVE COST: Impassable COVER: Impassable LOS: Clear IMPASSABLE WATER TERRAIN: No unit, Blaze, Smoke or Fortification marker of any kind may ever occupy a Water Barrier hex.
T88.5 Hills & Hindrances

Any mapboard Hindrance terrain that is at a lower level does not hinder LOS to or from a Hill hex. A Hindrance on a Hill does hinder LOS between two other Hill hexes at the same level as that Hindrance. A Smoke marker, however, always hinders LOS through its hex, regardless of the sighters or targets elevation. The hindrance that a Smoke marker creates is considered to be at a height sufficient enough to affect any possible LOS that can be represented in the game. Note that all the above Hill rules are based upon the premise that in Combat Commander each Hill elevation is taller than a mapboard Obstacle, and every mapboard Obstacle is taller than a mapboard Hindrance.
T99. Woods
MOVE COST: 2 COVER: 2 LOS: Obstacle; creates one Blind Hex [T88.4.1] AIRBURSTS: The Fire Attack Total of any Mortar or Artillery attack against a Woods hex is always increased by 2. So a 6-FP Mortar that fires into a Woods hex and makes a Fire Attack Roll of 7 would have an Attack Total of 15 instead of 13. Shells fired at a high altitude such as from mortars and distant artillery batteries had a tendency to explode in the treetops. When this happened, the troops below would be subject to flying splinters and tree branches in addition to the shell blast that was not muffled by contact with the earth.
T89. Marsh
MOVE COST: 3 COVER: 0 LOS: 1 Hindrance WATER TERRAIN: No Weapon of any kind may fire from a Marsh hex. No Blaze, Smoke or Fortification of any kind may ever occupy a Marsh hex.
T94. Smoke
NOTE: Before beginning play, all the Smoke/Blaze markers should be placed into an opaque cup so that they may be drawn at random when called for during play. MOVE COST: Depends on other terrain in the hex. COVER: Depends on other terrain in the hex. LOS: 1-10 Hindrance into or out of or through [10.3.4].
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FORTIFICATIONS
He who defends everything defends nothing. Frederick II
or is about to exit, a hex containing Mines. Units that were already in a Mines hex at the moment another unit Moves/Advances/Retreats into or out of it is immune to that Mine Attack.
Range and Morale numbers by -1 each. Command is unaffected by Wire.
F106.2 Wire & Movement

A moving unit loses all its remaining MPs immediately after entering or exiting a hex containing Wire. So if a unit begins its Move in a Wire hex it must stop moving in the first hex entered even if that hex contains a Road or Leader. If it moves into a Wire hex, its movement will also automatically cease there. Units can Advance or Retreat into and out of a Wire hex normally, as MPs are not utilized during these activities.
F100. General Rules

The following sections [F101F106] need not be read and memorized your first time through the rules: They can be safely ignored until a Fortification actually enters playplayers can then simply look up the rules for that particular marker. F100.1 AcquisitionThere are six Fortifications in the game: Foxholes, Trenches, Mines, Wire, Bunkers and a Pillbox. Fortifications are normally brought into play at the beginning of a scenario, though some can also enter play during the game due to various Actions and Events. F100.2 RemovalFortifications may normally only be eliminated during play via various Events, the Demolitions Action [A31], or an Artillery Impact Roll [O18.2.3.3]. F100.3 StackingNo more than one Fortification marker of any type may ever occupy a single hex. The first Fortification to be placed in a hex takes precedence. No Fortification may ever occupy a Water hex (i.e. Marsh, Stream or Water Barrier with no Bridge). The various Fortifications are described in detail, below, and are listed in alphabetical order for ease of reference. A condensed version of the following information can also be found on the Track Display for ease of reference during play.
F103.2 Mine Attack

The strength of a Mine Attack is a default 6 FP unless the scenario Defender is specifically assigned (or purchased) a 7- or 8-FP Minefield capability. Cover for a Mine Attack is automatically set to 0, and cannot be modified by any means. A Mine Attack Roll follows the same general rules as for a Fire Attack Roll [O20.3.3 and O20.3.4] except that only the moving/advancing/retreating units in the hex need make a Fire Defense Roll. The player controlling such a unit makes its Defense Roll whereas his opponent makes the Attack Roll. IMPORTANTAn unbroken unit that becomes broken [3.2] while leaving a Mined hex is still placed in the hex it was entering. It made it but probably has a casualty to contend with.
F106.3 Wire & Fire Attacks

Units in a hex containing Wire cannot form a Fire Group [O20.3.1] with pieces outside the hex. No Weapon may be fired from a Wire hex.
F104. Pillbox
A Pillbox gives the hex it occupies an alternate Cover of 5 (6 instead vs Mortars and Artillery). As usual, this is not cumulative with other Cover in the hex. During Melee, the side that was the last sole occupant of a Pillbox hex wins if the Melee totals are tied.
CREDITS
Game Designer Chad Jensen Development Chad & Kai Jensen Series Developer John A Foley Art Director Rodger MacGowan Box Art & Packaging Design Rodger MacGowan Cards Mark Simonitch and Chad Jensen Counters Lee Brimmicombe-Wood and Chad Jensen Maps Leland Myrick and Chad Jensen Rules & Player Aids Chad Jensen Proof-reading Rick Young, Troy Nichols, David Fristrom, Jeff Paul, Jerry Tresman, Richard Wagoner, Jake Thornton, Kris Adamson and Joe Keller Play Testers Mark Beyak, Alex Ostroumov, Kris Adamson, Samuel Farinato, Dusty Divine, Joe White, John Zrimc, Troy Nichols, Jordan Nichols, Derek Nichols, Steve Sal Salkovics and Martin Scott Production Coordinator Tony Curtis
F101. Bunker
A Bunker gives the hex it occupies an alternate Cover of 6 (7 instead vs Mortars and Artillery). As usual, this is not cumulative with other Cover in the hex. During Melee, the side that was the last sole occupant of a Bunker hex wins if the Melee totals are tied.
F105. Trench
F105.1 General Rules
A Trench marker gives the hex it occupies an alternate Cover of 4 (5 instead vs Mortars and Artillery). As usual, this is not cumulative with other Cover in the hex.
F105.2 Trenches & Movement

A unit Moving from one hex containing a Trench into an adjacent hex containing a Trench, Bunker or Pillbox (or vice versa) expends only 1 MP to do so, regardless of the terrain in the two hexes (EXCEPTION: Cliff hexsides [T83], which cannot be crossed during a Move Order). This applies even if the unit is moving uphill or is crossing a hexside that would normally increase its movement cost. Furthermore, that unit cannot be the target of Op Fire [A33] in the hex moved into.
F102. Foxholes
A Foxholes marker gives the hex it occupies an alternate Cover of 3 (4 instead vs Mortars and Artillery). As usual, this is not cumulative with other Cover in the hex.
F103. Mines
A Mines marker occupying a hex will attack any unit (enemy or friendly) that Moves, Advances or Retreats into or out of that hex. Units moving together are attacked with a single roll; otherwise a separate Mine Attack should be made against each unit as it enters,
F106. Wire
A Wire marker sharing a hex with one or more units affects those units by reducing their FP,
Page 23
Producers Gene Billingsley, Tony Curtis, Andy Lewis, Rodger MacGowan and Mark Simonitch
2006 GMT Games, LLC
INDEX
Action Listings........................... pp 15-17
Actions................................. glossary; 1.6; A24
capability..................................................5.2 during Orders. ......................................O14.3 min. Firepower...........10.3.2.1; O20.3.2 box movement timing. ................................O21.6 Opportunity Fire.....................................A33
Fortification Listings. ........................p 23

Foxholes . ........................ F102; Track Display
placement..................A32; A35.1; E55; E73
and broken Weapons..............................11.4 and Snipers.........................................1.9.1.3
Range
and Targeting....................................O20.2.2 on unit. ...................................................3.1.2 on Weapon.............................................. 11.1
Hand size.............................................. 1.1; 5.4 Game End.................................................... 6.3 Heroes...................................................... E58.1

creation of.............................................. E58
Advance. ..................................................... O16 Artillery

boxes. .....................................................2.2.3 Denied....................................................O17 Request...................................................O18 Accuracy. ..................................O18.2.2 Impact......................................O18.2.3 Spotting.................................... O18.2.1 creation of . ............................................ E46 spreading ............................................... E48
Hills . ..........................................................T88
and blind hexes................................. T88.4.1
Hindrances................................................. 10.3
and Fire Attacks. ..............................O20.3.2 and Hills.............................................. T88.5 and Targeting....................................O20.2.3
Initiative.......................................................... 9 Jammed! trigger....................1.9.1.2; O20.3.3.1

NA during Artillery Impact...........O18.2.3.2 NA during Mine Attack...............1.9.1.2 box NA during Targeting...........................1.9.1.2 and re-rolling............................................9.1 and a tied game. ........................................9.2
Recover...................................................... O22 Reinforcing units. .......................... 6.1.2 step #5 Retreating................................................ O23.3 Revealing cards............................................ 1.3 Rout ........................................................... O23 Satchel Charge .................. 11.6; Track Display Sequence of Play. ........................................... 5 Smoke...................................8.1.4; 10.3.4; T94 Sniper! trigger........................................ 1.9.1.3 Spotting Round (SR). ........... glossary; O18.2.1 Stacking.......................................................... 8 Sudden Death. ................................... 6.2; 6.3.2 Suppressed.................................................... 13
creation of . ...........................A39; E53; E77 Rounds.......... O18.2.1.1; O18.2.3.1; O20.2.1
Blaze.....................................8.1.5; 10.2.1; T79
Broken
Radios......................................... O17; O18.1 units..........................................................3.2 Weapons. ................................................11.4
Leaders......................................................... 3.3 Line of Sight (LOS)...................................... 10 Maps............................................................... 2 Melee...................................................... O16.4 Mines............................... F103; Track Display
placement................................... A35.2; E47 and Retreating..................................O23.3.4 Leader Table...................................Playbook
Bunker . ........................... F101; Track Display Cards............................................................... 1

discarding........................................5.3; O15 drawing.....................................................5.4 hand size (Posture)...................................1.1
Casualty Track............................................. 4.2 Command........................................ 3.1.5; 3.3.1

Radius.................................................3.3.1.1 and units.............................................3.3.1.2 and Weapons......................................3.3.1.3
Terrain Listings............. pp 20-22; chart
Surrender. .......................................... 4.2; 6.3.1 Targeting. ................................................. O20.2 Time (and the Time Track).............................. 6 Track Display ................................................. 4 Trench ............................. F105; Track Display
and Movement................................... F105.2 Time Advance........................................6.1.2 Time! trigger.......................................1.9.1.4
placement ...............O20.3.4; O22.3: O23.2; ............................................... E51; E60; E75 removal . ....................................13.3; O22.2
Morale....................................................... 3.1.4 Move...........................................................O21

and Op Fire. ........................................O21.3 and Trenches. ..................................... F105.2 and Weapon transfer......................... O21.1.1 and Wire............................................ F106.2 as a stack. .............................................O21.2 costs............................. O21.1; Terrain Chart
Command Confusion.........................O19; A28 Compass. .................................................. 2.2.2 Cover. .......................................................T78.3 crest line................................................ T88.3.1 Die rolls. ....................................................... 1.9
Artillery Accuracy............................O18.2.2 Artillery Impact................................O18.2.3 cancellation of (re-roll). ............................9.1 Fire Attack........................................O20.3.3 Fire Defense.....................................O20.3.4 Melee................................................O16.4.2 Rally....................................................O22.3 Rout.....................................................O23.2 Sudden Death........................................6.2.2 Targeting...........................................O20.2.3
Turn .......................................glossary; 1.1; 1.5 Units.................................................glossary; 3

broken.......................................................3.2 Heroes. ................................................. E58.1 Leaders.....................................................3.3 stacking. ....................................................8.2 stats.................................. 3.1; Track Display
Movement number Objectives.................................................... 2.3

on unit. ...................................................3.1.3 on Weapon.............................................. 11.1
chits.......................................................7.3.2 multi-hex buildings............................7.3.1.1 VP value....................................................7.3
Veteran. ..................................................... E44.1 Victory Points (VP)......................................... 7

via Elimination.........................................7.1 via Exiting................................................7.2 via Objectives...........................................7.3
Obstacles.................................................... 10.2 Opportunity Fire........................................ A33

and Hills.............................................. T88.4
Event Listings............................ pp 18-20
Events. .................................. glossary; 1.7; E42 Exiting the Map........................................... 7.2 Fire ........................................................... O20
involuntarily...........................7.2.2; O23.3.5 voluntarily. .....................7.2.1; O16.2; O21.4 Event! trigger. .....................................1.9.1.1
Order Listings........................... pp 10-15
NA vs. Advancing units....................... O16.1 NA vs. Retreating units....................O23.3.2
Victory Track.................................................4.1 Weapons.........................................................11

broken..............................................1.8; 11.4 and Cliffs................................................ T83 elimination of..................................4.2; 11.3 NA in Melee..................................... O16.4.1 Ordnance................................ glossary; 11.5 and Command............................3.3.1.3 and Fire Groups.................... O20.3.1.1 and Hindrances...........................10.3.1 NA during Op Fire......................A33.3 and Targeting..............................O20.2 stacking & portage.......................8.1.1; 11.2 on Suppressed units. .....................11.1; 13.2 transfer of......................................... O21.1.1 and Water Terrain...........................T89; T95 and Movement................................... F106.2 placement................................... A35.5; E69 and Retreating..................................O23.3.3
Order of Battle (OB)............................glossary
Display..................................................4.3.1 Fortification....................................Playbook Support.......................................Player Aids Unit.............................................Player Aids Capability.................................................5.1 placement............................................A35.3
Firepower (FP)
Activation............................................ O20.1 Fire Attack...........................................O20.3 Fire Defense.....................................O20.3.4 Fire Groups. ..................................... O20.3.1 Opportunity Fire.....................................A33 Ordnance Targeting.............................O20.2 on Radio....................................................12 on unit. ...................................................3.1.1 on Weapon.............................................. 11.1
Orders. ..................................glossary; 1.5; O14
Ordnance....................................... see Weapons Pillbox ............................. F104; Track Display Posture.......................................... glossary; 1.1 Radios........................................................... 12
placement................................... 2.2.3; 8.1.2 usage..................... O17; O18; Track Display
Wire ................................. F106; Track Display
Flamethrower .................... 11.6; Track Display
Rally.......................................................... 3.2.5 Random Hex.................................glossary; 1.8
GMT Games, LLC P.O. Box 1308, Hanford, CA 93232-1308 www.GMTGames.com

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Game Design by Chad Jensen

listed alphabetically A25A41..............15

listed alphabetically T79T99..............21 listed alphabetically F101F106. ..........23

5 Sequence of Play...............................6 6 Game Time........................................6 7 Victory Conditions..............................6

ComBAT Commander Rulebook

COMPONENTS 1. The Fate Cards

ComBAT Commander Rulebook

1.0 Golden Rule

1.1 Hand Size

ACTION ASSAULT FIRE

1.3 Revealing Cards

Place Foxholes in a random hex.

2006 GMT Games, LLC

1.9.1 Die Triggers

1.9.1.3 Sniper! Trigger

ComBAT Commander Rulebook

1.9.1.4 Time! Trigger

2.1 The Battlefield

1.9.1.1 Event! Trigger

3.1 Unit Stats

2.2 Map Border

1.9.1.2 Jammed! Trigger

4.2 Casualty Track

ComBAT Commander Rulebook

3.2 Broken Units

4. The Track Display

4.1 Victory Track

CORE RULES 5. Sequence of Play

6.1 Time Marker

6.3 Game End

5.1 Order Capability

ComBAT Commander Rulebook

5.2 Action Capability

5.3 Discard Capability

5.4 Hand Refill

6.2 Sudden Death Marker

2006 GMT Games, LLC

7.1 Elimination Victory Points

7.3.1 Control of Objectives

7.3.3 Open & Secret Objectives

7.2 Exit Victory Points

7.3.1.1 Building Objectives

ComBAT Commander Rulebook

7.3.2 Objective Chits

7.2.1 Voluntary Exit

7.2.2 Involuntary Exit

8.1 Marker Stacking

7.3 Objective Victory Points

10.2.1 Blaze Obstacles

10.3 Hindrances & LOS

8.2 Unit Stacking

9.2 Tie Game

10.3.1 Targeting & Hindrances

ComBAT Commander Rulebook

10.3.2 Fire Attacks & Hindrances

10. Line of Sight (LOS)

10.3.3 Hindrance Modifiers

10.1.1 Units & LOS

10.2 Obstacles & LOS

10.3.4 Smoke Hindrances