Onion EXPORT REPORT BY Apeda PDF
Onion EXPORT REPORT BY Apeda PDF
Onion EXPORT REPORT BY Apeda PDF
Introduction
Onion (Allium cepa L) is extremely important vegetable crop not only for internal consumption but also as highest foreign exchange earner among the fruits and vegetables. It occupies an area of 1064 thousand ha, with production of 15118 thousand tons. The export of onion during 2011 -12 was 13,09,863.26 thousand tons with a value of Rs 1,722.85 crores.
World Scenario
India is the 2nd largest producer of onion, in the world next only to China but the productivity of onion in India is very low i.e. 14.21 tons/ ha as compared to China and other countries like , Egypt, Netherlands, & Iran etc. Showing Major Onion Producing Countries of the World
County China India Pakistan Bangladesh Indonesia Viet Russian Myanmar Brazil Turkey OTHERS World + (Total)
Area (000ha) 930.21 1064.00 124.70 117.56 109.47 101.70 88.00 78.90 67.25 62.69 1227.02 3971.51
Production (000MT) 20507.76 15118.00 1701.10 872.08 1048.23 355.30 1536.30 1137.90 1556.00 1900.00
PRODUCTIVITY (MT/HA) 22.0 14.2 13.6 7.4 9.6 3.5 17.5 14.4 23.1 30.3
30244.54 75977.21
24.6 19.1
%age Share % SHARE OF WORLDPRODUCTION 26.99 19.9 2.24 1.15 1.38 0.47 2.02 1.50 2.05 2.50 39.81
100.0
India Scenario
There is a sizeable increase in acreage and production of onion in India.In terms of area,there is an increase from 768 thousand ha in 2006-07 to 1064 thousand ha in 2010-11, while in terms of production it has increased from 10,847.00 to 15,118.00 thousand tons. The details are given below in table. Showing the Area Production and Productivity of Onion in India
YEAR
PRODUCTIVITY (tons/ha)
STATEWISE AREA, PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF ONION AREA IN 000' HA PRODUCTION IN 000' MT PRODUCTIVITY HA/MT 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 State Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Bihar Madhya Pradesh Andhra Pradesh Rajasthan Haryana Others Total Area Production Pdy. 250.00 3932.50 15.70 165.10 3031.80 18.40 57.60 51.60 53.00 39.00 41.00 18.80 158.00 834.20 1409.60 24.50 946.60 18.30 881.80 16.60 662.60 17.00 369.10 9.00 347.90 18.50 Area Production Pdy. 200.00 3146.00 15.70 141.30 2266.20 16.00 43.40 53.00 57.30 39.00 45.00 18.40 1078.60 24.90 972.00 18.30 952.30 16.60 662.60 17.00 742.50 16.50 330.30 17.90 Area Production Pdy. 415.00 4905.00 11.80 190.50 2592.20 13.60 62.00 53.30 58.30 47.80 49.00 22.20 1514.10 24.40 1082.00 20.30 1021.50 17.50 812.60 17.00 494.20 10.10 453.90 20.50 2242.20 13.52 15117.70 14.20
3 . Description Of Commercially Grown Varieties Shows The Varietal Characteristics Of Commercially Grown Onion Varieties
Variety Agrifound Dark Red Agrifound Light Red Agrifound Rose Agrifound Red Pusa Red Characteristics The crop is global round in shape, big in size and dark red in colour.T.S.S. is 12- 13 brix and storage quality is medium. The crop is global round in shape, big in size and light red in colour.T.S.S. is 13- 14 brix and storage quality is good. The crop is flattish round in shape, 2.5-3.5 cm in size and scarlet red in colour.T.S.S. is 16-18 brix and storage quality is good. The crop is 5-6 bulblets clump in shape, 2-2.5 cm in size and brick red in colour.T.S.S. is 9-10 brix and storage quality is good. The crop is flattish round in shape and red in colour.Storage quality is very good.
Use of hybrid seeds Nutrient and water management Plant protection Weed management Better post harvest management
Lean season
- Peak season
State
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
Maharashtra Gujarat Bihar Karnataka Andhra Pradesh Madhya Pradesh Rajasthan Haryana Uttar Pradesh *The Above Graph Shows Harvest Pattern In Leading Onion Growing States
Source: Indian Horticulture Database
Andhra Pradesh
Tamil Nadu
Coimbatore Thiruchirapalli
Gujarat Punjab
Bhavnagar Ludhiana
According to AGMARK standards Onions are classified into following classes : Showing AGMARK Standards and grade designation of Onions
Grade Requirements
Class I
2 Onion shall be of superior quality. They shall be characteristic of the variety and/or commercial type. The bulbs shall be: - firm and compact; unsprouted (free from externally visible shoots); properly cleaned; - free from swelling caused by abnormal development; - free of root tufts, however, onions harvested before complete maturity, root tufts are allowed. They shall be free of defects, with the exception of very slight superficial blemishes, provided these do not affect the general appearance of the produce, the quality, the keeping quality and presentation in the package. Onion shall be of good quality. They shall be characteristics of the variety and/or commercial type. The bulbs shall be: - firm and compact; unsprouted(free from externally visible shoots); properly cleaned; - free from swelling caused by abnormal development; - free of root tufts, however, onions harvested before complete maturity, root tufts are allowed. The following slight defects, however, may be allowed, provided these do not affect the general appearance of the produce, the quality, the keeping quality and presentation in the package. - a slight defect in shape. - a slight defect in colouring; - light staining which does not affect the last dried skin protecting the flesh, provided it does not cover more than one-fifth of the bulbs surface. Superficial cracks in and absence of part of the outer skins, provided the flesh is protected.
Provision Grade Tolerances Concerning Sizing 3 4 As per table 'A' 5% by number or weight of onion not satisfying the requirements of the grade, but meeting those of class I grade or, exceptionally, coming within the tolerances ofthat grade.
As per table A
10% by number or weight of onion not satisfying the requirements of the grade, but meeting those of class II grade or, exceptionally, coming within the tolerances of that grade.
Class II
Onions which do not qualify for inclusion in higher grade but satisfy the minimum requirements. They shall be reasonably firm. The following defects, however, may be allowed, provided the onion retain their essential characteristics as regard the quality, the keeping quality and presentation. - defects in shape; - defects in colouring; - early signs of shoot growth visible from outside(not more than 10% by number or weight per unit of presentation); - traces of rubbing; - slight marking caused by parasites or disease; - small healed cracks; - slight bruising, healed, unlikely to impair keeping qualities; - root tufts; - stains which do not affect the last dried skin protecting the flesh provided they do not cover more than half the bulbs surface; - Cracks in the outer skins and the absence of a part of the outer skins from not more than onethird of the bulbs surface, provided the flesh is not damaged.
As per table A
10% by number or weight of onion not satisfying the requirements of the grade but meeting the minimum requirements.
PROVISION CONCERNING SIZE Size is determined by the maximum diameter of the equatorial section, in accordance with the following table: Difference between the diameter of the smallest and the largest onion in the same package (in mm.)
Size Code
A B C
5 15 20
1 2 3 4 5
Size of Onion Required by Different Countries S.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 Country Middle East and Gulf(Dubai, Sharjah, Doha, Muscat, Bahrain, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait) Malaysia, Singapore, Port Kelang & African Ports Sri Lanka Bangladesh, Pakistan & Nepal Europe Japan Size(mm) 40 60 25 30 25 30 25 30 60 70 60 70
11. Exports and Export Potential A. Domestic strengths for Exporting Onion Domestic strengths for exporting onion are detailed below: India is next to China in onion production. Production of onion is almost throughout the year barring one or two months.
Wide varieties of onions are cultivated in the country. More than 45% of total onion production takes place in Maharashtra, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh states which is very conducive for exports
Three Agri Export Zones have been established in Maharashtra, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh states.
Export facility centre along with modern packhouse has been set up to facilitate export of onions at Indpur near Pune. An irradiation unit has been established at Lasalgaon (Nasik) to inhibit sprouting in onions. Onion growers have been trained on scientific farming of onion in Maharashtra and in Karnataka (rose onion growers).
In Maharashtra state, MSAMB has disbursed subsidy to farmers for developing onion storage structures for prolonged shelf life
There is a good research support, as NRC for Onion and National Horticulture Research and Development Foundation are located in Maharashtra it self.
B. Exports Export of onions from India has increased at a fast rate in last five years. Export has increased from 10,08,606.50 tons in 2007-08 to 13,09,863.26tons in 2011-12. An increase of 30% in exports has been recorded given below in the table : Export of onion in Last Five Years
India Export Statistics Product Group:Fresh Onions Qty in MT, Value in Lacs Value(in Rs. Lakh) 1,03,577.88 1,82,752.21 2,31,942.97 1,77,928.61 1,72,285.37
Region wise Export Statistics Quantity in MT;Value in Rs.Lacs Product: FRESH ONIONS 2009-10 Region Name Quantity Value South Asia 1037334.13 146474.71 ASEAN 354579.34 50427.41 WANA 235752.94 28612.68 East Africa 16908.44 3186.43 NE Asia 9233.07 1288.88 EU_27 7760.41 1266.29 Others 3354.04 686.55 Total 1664922.37 231942.95 Source: DGCIS Annual Export 2010-11 Quantity Value 590640.61 366162.66 201793.04 11343.37 3756.72 7706.14 921.66 1182324.20 83726.36 64634.85 25756.19 1938.10 634.41 1098.58 140.14 177928.63 2011-12 Quantity Value 583252.09 400493.86 289559.90 16953.03 9511.55 7665.04 2427.78 1309863.25 71958.18 59997.11 34893.79 2796.09 1340.98 1017.78 281.45 172285.38
Domestic production needs to be enhanced (by adoption of high yielding varieties and modern agricultural practices) with consistency, so that export of onions can be made on regular basis. Because, exporting on regular basis helps in increasing volumes and farmers also get remunerative prices. Contract farming needs to be adopted for export purposes. Expansion of area under onion in early kharif, kharif and late kharif needs to be taken up so that quality onions are available for export on regular basis Farmers need to be supported (in addition to existing support) for developing storage facilities, for enhancing storage period. Ventilated storage godowns at shipyards need to be constructed for enhancing export of quality onions. For enhancing competitiveness for export, India must improve the quality of onions and also take up branding of the product.
12 . Storage Fresh
f) Documents related to Foreign Exchange Regulations GR Form: Documents required by RBI which assures to RBI that the exporter will realize the proceeds of goods within 180 days from the date of Shipment.
g) Other Document Bank Realization Certification (BRC): This is the advice given by Foreign Exchange Bank after the realization of money from Importer.
*Price of onion varies according to variety, month of procurement (b) Charges for Treatment, Packing, Transport, etc.(below in table): Particulars: 40' container (25000 kg)
Nylon Bag (Capacity: 20Kg) Rs. 8/- per bag Cost of loading & unloading Cost of pallets Local transportation Container Transportation(JNPT - Vashi - JNPT) Terminal Handling Charges Total
Source: MSAMB, Maharashtra