Davies - The Rock Tombs of El Amarna 03
Davies - The Rock Tombs of El Amarna 03
Davies - The Rock Tombs of El Amarna 03
Edited by
F.
Ll.
GRIFFITH
FIFTEENTH MEMOIR
EL AMAENA
PAKT IIL-THE TOMBS OF HUYA AND AHMES
BY
N.
DE
G.
DA VIES
the
With an Appendix on
Greek
Ginffiti by
SEYMOUR
DE
RICCI
FORTY PLATES.
LONDON
SOLD AT
The
37,
KEGAN PAUL, TEENCH, TRUBNBE & CO., Drtden Bouse, 43, Gekbard Street, Soho, W. QUARITCH, 15, Piccadilly, W. ASHER & CO., 13, Bedford Street, Covent Garden, W.C. AND HENRY PROWDE, Amen Corner, E.C.
;
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i^i
The
original of this
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restrictions in
text.
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EL AMAENA
Ll.
GRIFFITH
FIFTEENTH MEMOIR
EL AMAENA
PAET III.-THE TOMBS OF HUYA AND AHMES
BY
N.
DE G.
DAVIES
the
With an Appendix on
Greek Graffiti by
SEYMOUR
DE RICCI
FORTY PLATES
LONDON
SOLD AT
The offices OF
AND BY
B.
37,
KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TEUBNBR CO., Deyden House, 43, Gehraed Stjreet, Soho, W. QUARITCH, 15, Piccadilly, W. ASHER & Co., 13, Bedjoed Steeet, Covbnt Gakden, W.O. AND HENRY PROWDE, Amen Coenek, E.G.
;
U
'
K'
LII:UAkY
Do
r^7 (V
J\.^'='37i/
...
LONDON:
PRINTED BY GILBEBT AND EIVINGTON LIMITED,
ST.
DT
\i.3
SIE
JOHN EVANS,
Wicesipresi&ents
The Et. Hon. The Eabl op Ceomeb, G.C.B., G.C.M.G., K.C.S.I. (Egypt) General Lord Gebneell, G.C.B., G.C.M.G. The Hon. Ghas. L. Hutchinson (U.S.A.)
Sm
LL.D.
A.
Iboii.
treasurers
(U.S.A.)
1bon. Secretaries
J. S.
Members
T.
of
Committee
Mrs. McClurb.
C. P.
J.
SoMERS Clarke, Esq., P.S.A. W. E. Ceum, Esq., M.A. Louis Dyer, Esq., M.A. (U.S.A.) Arthue John Evans, Esq., M.A., D.
P.E.S.
Wm.
Hilton Price, Esq., Dir.S.A. Sib Hbebbet Thompson, Baet. Mes. Tirard.
Emanuel M. Undbedown, Esq., K.C. John Waed, Esq., P.S.A. T. Hbebbet Waeeen, Esq., M.A. E. TowEY Whytb, Esq., M.A., P.S.A.
CONTENTS
List of the Plates
.....
of
PAGE
ix
Preface
xi
I.
Chapter
A. Architectural Features
B. The Sculptured Scenes.
1.
The prayers
Huya
2.
3.
A Royal banquet
An
evening entertainment
the temple
tribute
4
7 7 9
4. 5.
6. 7.
A visit of Tyi to
12
13
15
8.
9.
10.
11.
16
17
17
C.
D.
Huya
....
.
17 19 19
Appendix A.
The
Chapter
II.
A. Architectural Features
B. The Sculptured Scenes.
1.
The prayers
of
Ahmes
temple
at
27
27 29
31
2.
3.
Royal
visit to the
home
C.
D.
Ahmes
The Greek
Graffiti.
32
Appendix B.
Index
34 38
LIST OF PLATES
WITH EEFERENCES TO THE PAGES ON WHICH THEY ARE DESCRIBED
PLATE
LIST OF PLATES.
PLATE
W.
wall.
,,
The King and Queen driving The same (restored) The palace
at
meat
XXXV.
XXXVI. XXXVII.
XXXVIII.
*ToMB OF HuYA.
*
,,
*ToMB OF Ahmes.
*
XXXIX.
Photographio plates.
PEEFAGE.
A WORK such
now
with
as that of
satisfactorily
I
The ready
assistance
my
Fund
for enabling
me
the thoroughness which I ventured to think such a publication demanded, but also to
Amarna on
It is
body
I
With
reproduce
(the
to
M. de
appendix to
this
volume
site at
in a
Maspero
credit
for
many
facilities
M. knowledge
;
to
my
linguistic
have
also to
express
my
regret to the
memory
some inaccuracies
in his great
work
hand than
his,
and to Signor
Barsanti for being ignorant of a paper, " Sulla scoperta della tomba del Faraone Amenoji IV."
contributed by him in 1894 to the Beale Accademia dei Lincei.
The
articles
of the late
M,
and Revue Archeologique, May, 1882, p. 279) should be added to the bibliography in Part I., as well as the new volume of the Institut Francais (dated 1903, but published in March, 1905), ^^ Monuments pour servir a V etude du
vi,, p.
53,
having been courteously adopted by M, Chassinat to avoid clashing with that of the present work.
culte d'Atonou en l^gypte"^ this title
I
this
do not
feel that
any apology
is
needed
in
work.
At the
cost of
some unsightliness
critic
I feel
bound
clearly as possible between the extant picture and any restorations that
desirable.
may be considered has assured the public that I do not intend the irregularly broken lines of an injured scene to represent the exact state of the wall, it is necessary
But
as
a distinguished
for
is
me
is
what
have attempted,
to the best of
artist,
my
ability
conceiving that
it
my
N. DE Gaeis Davies.
^
Le
Culte d'Atonou."
THE
CHAPTEE
THE TOMB OF HUYA
A. Aechitectueal Features.
Plates
i.,
I.
XXV., xxxvi.
:
The entrance
to the hall
Hay, MSS. 29,847, foil. 46, 47 (plans). L'HoTB, Papiers, iii. 275, 277, 278 (fragmentary)
The
in
The Exterior. The situation of the tomb of Huya has been already described.^ It lies
immediately to the North of the tomb of the
later
horizontal 'bands
(red,
blue,
Meryra ^
black vertical
lines.
is
and plan and aligned roughly North and South. The tomb of Huya was probably excavated, or at least decorated, a year or two
in type
earlier than its neighbour.
a section
o.
The architraves
The fa9ade
is
now
The
doubt
too
much worn to retain inscriptions. Inteeioe. The Hall. In the entrance way,
of red plaster.
The
hall is
of small dimensions
but
was emphasised by
Only one
originally designed
and executed
it
its
bright
a very pleasing
a gable
roof of
In Plate i. I have made considerable use of plans prepared by Mr. John Newberry in 1892. ' Part I., pp. 2, 7; Part II., p. 3. The tomb is No. 1 of of the present numeration, No. 7 of Lepsius,"No. 6 L'H6te, " Tomb A " of Hay.
'
*
up
to the abacus.
The
relatively
low height of
Part
II., p.
33.
is
some compensation
B
for
the
form used
in
the
adjoining
tomb
(II.
wife
(Tyi),
Huya,
maa-
xxviii.),
kheru."
W/A
"[A reception
manner
of
m
C
C\.I
the chisel.
B. (Hall).
of
offerings], all
effective/
realistic
m
;^ii
riiAA
milk
visions
for
(?)
and pro[burial?].
thy
whole
eight
stored
capital,
May
thy
thy
name
;
flourish [in]
PP
m
ti
chapel
may
[every
(?)].
central
generation]
call
[thee
'<^
them in plaster. Impartial time has now left them on one side and removed them on the other. The colour has disappeared but
;
May
name not be
abode
thy
lono
to seek in thine
gap
ends
....
rib,
shown
in
(brown to
the queen-mother
ii?S
%\
IJJ
/Kl^
The Ceilings.The
on the
soffits
brilliant colours
which
The patterns
is
of
in
Huya
the
are legiff
be recovered.
That on the
xxv.
given in
ble
other two
-I
cases.
^:
is
East
aisle in Plate
e.^
The
ceiling of the
manner shown
This
no
provided
1^
xxv.
K.
m
made
to serve
The design in tbe central aisle is divided in the middle by a column of incised hieroglyphs, and similar columns run down the centre of the
ceilings of the
but
columns.
At mouth
in a ledge of rock,
which
thus
three
wall-thicknesses.
They
as a protecting parapet.
diffidence.
The well is almost empty, and about 36 feet deep. The chamber can be seen at the bottom opening out to the
West
but
;
"[A
but
There
is
a ledge
;
King's giving
place of thine.
(?),
loaves, beer,
and provisions
(?)
at every
it
May
thy name
flourish
may
not
be to seek (?) in thine abode of eternity (?). "For the Aa of the Superintendent of the harem, of
West end of the room also rough and too narrow to contain a
(Plates
i.,
shaft.
The Shkine
doorway
'
xix.,
xxxvi.).The
is
to
the
terminal
The
idea
is
chamber
seldom
column.
'^
Hay
seem
decorated in this necropolis, perhaps for lack of time but here it is fully inscribed. The form
;
have been insecure. ' I hope to give coloured representations of the ceiling patterns of the necropolis in a subsequent volume. * For these two very similar inscriptions consult Plate
to XX. (B. thickness)
of the
ally
doorway
also is unusual,
met with
in
is
in
Hence we may gather that the construction was usually in wood, though the arch of the characteristic upper part
suggests that the original type was in brick-
of the
its
first
quality,
present
work.
This
superstructure
seems
to
carry
condition induces one to suppose and while the minute workmanship of such a scene as that on
Plate xviii. showed what care and labour could
achieve, most of the smaller
out the idea of a panelled wall in two stages, each crowned with a cornice of uraei. In the lower wall there are two openings (in which
work
is
but rudely
executed.
The
columns and
are
painted
here).
No doubt
left
the
purpose of
light
filled
was to admit
open or
framed
borders
of
and red
lines.
for
the
here they
The vacant space round the altar on the Bast wall has been utilized by Greek visitors for
scrawling graffiti on in
B, D, e).
include
derived
from
the
papyrus,
The jambs
rose-granite
are
but
they
have
been
is
much
made
The drum
bands).
used as a
and perhaps
close the
by M. de Ricci on p. 34. Most prominent are two rude figures of Anubis, for which the two porticoes of the temple (see Plate x.) are made to serve as pedestals. One of them sits enthroned the other' stands. The latter is furnished with a shirt, and wears a hat or halo on his head, and boots upon his feet. What he holds in his hand is not clear.
The names are
;
mat which every campaigner in Egypt uses to doorway of his mud-brick hut.^ The shrine contains a sitting statue of the
deceased man, which with
its
B.
1.-
pedestal occupies
almost the
length.
entire
space in
both
height and
The
XXX vii.
Wall-Thicknesses.
xx.,
xxi.,
It is
much
The Sculptuee.
thicknesses
of the
The
three
three
portals,
the
It will
cross-walls,
and the
the decorations
on the
six wall-spaces
afforded
hall
and of the
cross- walls.
In
by standing
figures
Part
I.,
p.
I.,
39
p.
Part
II. p.
>.,
of prayer,
and by the
;
iii. 82; Peteib, Decorative Art, p. 95. such a door was found this year in the excavations of Deir el Bahri. These doors seem to be
356; L.
prayer
figure
itself set
the
to
fine
example
of
facing
outwards as
coming out
the true representatives of the decorated false doors of Old Kingdom tombs.
^
of
false
the tv70
joined
left
papyrus-heads
the panels
of
doors in
Old
undecorated,
attitude
is
inwards.
This exceptional
Kingdom
3
times.
is
cartouches on a
illustrates
Egyptian conceptions of
the
for
when
of each
is
a table, on which an
is
mummy
roam,
in the
it
sepulchral
stifily
displayed
chamber
feels free to
must escape by
The
pile
frill
is
open
dead.
air.
These
scenes
thus
indicate
the
The
on pp.
17, 18.
The
cases
dress of
Huya
is
2.
Royal Banquet.
side.
:
He
by a
wears
South Wall.
Bast
Plates
iv., v.
sash,
hem and
is
Plate
iii.
Wilkinson, Manners and Customs, i. pp. 470, 476. L'HoTE, Papiers, xi. 12 (published in Am^lineau,
Sepultiire, pi. 100).
shows a more
front than
is
Lepsius,
-D., iii.
100,
c, d."
ii.
usual;
the
looped end
instead
of
is
seen
27.
pressed
against
body,
being
shown
The
fillet
As
figure
toilet of
Huya
tail festal
which a
wrist.
tombs of
resident
keeps in
Queen Tyi from the walls of the El Amarna shows that she was not
in
place, four
Akhetaten
at
the
time of their
tomb
its
of the
highest
official
Huya
is
honour which
accorded to her in
scenes,
He
new
capital,
and
flat
right fore-arm,
(see
Plate xvii.).
He
seems to hold a
up an establishment there.'' But whether the visit of Tyi were longer or shorter, and whether Huya or the king had the
abode or
set
"We
may
also
with
greater voice
in
the choice
of subjects
for
tomb,
it
is
plain
it
that both
as of the
Here on either
as he
is
way
is
who seems
private
To
to
open
salute
Huya
One
enters
avowal
apart-
of
the
his
queen-dowager's
ments.
" his
sister,
;
the lady
the
with the
of the
religious
other " his Or a pile of loaves under a conical Capabt, Becueil de Monuments, I. xlii.
^ '
cover.
Of.
Whence
"
'
Cf.
Part
I.,
The
end
it
'
A House
on the Semites in
is
is
On
Plate
xii.
the cap
T. A., p. 33, and plate xxii.), and there is a rough cartouche of hers in a quarry from which perhaps the stone for this house was taken {ib. plate xlii.) The
sitting
*
woman.
it
on
p.
is
High up
in the
same quarry
Of. L.
D. Text,
p. 141.
Huya
be-
more such
could
not
but
rejoice
on
private
grounds
at the complete
tween
ject
his
sovereign and
visit to
mistress.
The
cast round them, method of steadyapparently as a decorative ing these unstable vessels. Akhenaten and.
importance of the
is
Nefertiti
reflected
Tyi
is
wear a simple head-dress, whereas crowned with the double plumes and
She
is
another event of public interest found record. As the pleasures of the table naturally form
the most prominent feature of the decoration
of the private
entitled "
mother of a
King
(i.e.
(i.e.
tomb
at
all
life
times,
it
is
not
and
all
rays
over
a place in the
family.
representations of the
it
royal
(Plate
We
meet with
elsewhere
By
the side
"the daughter of
xxxiv. and IV, x.), and the idea of II. xxxii. was probably borrowed from the adjoining
wall here.
Beketaten,"
hand.*
of
sit
who
balanced by that
In the
sit
by
;
The
is
elder
is
Merytis
Nefertiti
aten
the
other,
who
is
probably Nefer-neferu-aten.^
Tyi's
as
By
chamberlain,
receiving
personally
dishes,
serving his
a table
covered with
a green
and
sort.
mistress,
the
rather
of the
stacked
official
Yet the appetite of the royal pair would seem to justify even this enormous pile for while Akhenaten attacks with his teeth a broiled bone
;
'
The
irregular
arrangement
of the
hieroglyphs which
makes
as direct
is
title
' '
gave
rise to the
an onslaught on a
size, as
fair-sized bird.
Proportional
(i.e.
of Nefertiti).
of
however,
clusions,
and
we
it
to
we
Beketaten only in the company of " born of Nefertiti from her description, make it certain that she was not the daughter of Nefertiti, and but little less than certain that she was the daughter of Tyi. That her father was
Tyi,
The appearance
the
apparent
grossness.^
may have
Drink
Amenhetep III. is finally proved by the sceiie in Plate xviii. The difference of age between herself and her brother Akhenaten (twelve from twenty-eight, say) creates no difficulty, though she must have been born late in life to Amenhetep III. or even posthumously. Her father need
not have been responsible for the
History,
p. 39).
name
the
abundantly provided
set
See Peteie,
earlier
large jars
on stands.
Wherever two or
pp. 203-4
(contrary to
T. A.,
head, in which Lepsius's artist, Georgi (followed by Prisse), makes the seat of the chair terminate,
'
The
lion's
in this
is
quite fictitious.
^ Of. the Egyptian ideas of festivity cited by Ekjian, Life in Ancient Egypt, p. 255.
The four daughters who are assigned to Nefertiti tomb are probably seen on the South as on the North wall, two on each side of the doorway (contrary to the statement in Part I., p. 42.) The food which was between their hands here was only painted and has
*
disappeared.
instruments (compare
the
Plate
vii.)
for
though
differ
With
by the palace
officials
(lower row)
foreign
New
after
Kingdom
origin
is
times. ^
supported by their
is
Huya
Lands
styled
"the
place
of the
favourite
sculptured in the
following
in
the
feet of the
every
that
royal
the
The
some-
Superintendent
harem, of the
be dressed hair
a cap with a
fillet
round
it,
what resembling the tarlush and handkerchief which are common in Egypt to-day, is most
nearly paralleled in representations of the Shasu
Minor
?).^
It
will
shows
it
in
One
Treasury, and of the house of the Queen-mother
and
Avife,
Two
height of a man.
in Plate
vii.,
of
two
men
Avith
is
may
played
both hands.
It
and
may have
vii.
a vase.
at the top
is
supported
But as
usual
with the,
lyre.
may
to a desert people.
The court band, which we have already met with in IL xxxii, and shall see again in
Plates
vii.
Dado.
It
is
a peculiarity of this
tomb that
and
The
chief of these
will
The
^
shaven head
(see
^
ofQcials of the
The group
is
See restora-
Peteie,
tion above.
The
removed
in
modern
times.
of
It is inserted in the
p. 139).
Eeman, Ancient Egypt, p. 253. Of. MuLLEB, Aden und Europa, pp. Nbwbeeby, Beni Hasan, i., xxxi.
380, 381.
whom
Two Lands
so
marked on
and ever."
(Plate vii.) are
it
the
South
wall
The background
to
scenes
only remains
The supplementary scene on this wall shows the summer life of the peasants in the fields. Like the modern fellah, they have erected a little
shelter of straw or wattle
notice
the
six
flaming lamp-stands,
set
each
by
it
on stands.
under a tree,
etc.,
provided
lamps are
set
wine being
strangely
which are
As we
are
still
outside being
noteworthy.
The supple-
desirable,
and we
see
the
herdsman
jackal.
chasing
away a marauding
The women sit outside the hut beside the bushes winnowing the corn.
hyaena or
Further
afield others
4.
panied by the family cow, are gleaning amongst Their men also are busy reaping, the stubble.
the lazy one of the number jesting with the
others or quaffing from the beer-jar.
to
xii.
fol.
xi.
42.
(published
in
Amiblineau's
Lepsius, D.,
3.
101, 102.
is
An Evening
West
:
Entertainment.
The purpose
South wall.
side.
of this scene
given in an
in-
Plates
vi., vii.
A previous
Sepulture, pi.
copy
ci.).
is
L'HoTB, Papiers,
xi.
10 (published
by
Amelinbau,
Tyi,
Sun-shade
temple)."
We have
Plate
iv.
It thus
visit
As
Akhenaten and
Nefertiti,
of
Huya's chapel
devoted.
:
Meket-aten
(?), sit
1.
divides
(Plates
Queen-dowager and her little daughter. The elders have been served with wine and are drinking it from goblets, which servants who wait with napkins are ready to replenish from
X.,
;
xi.)
2.
xii.)
3.
an irrelevant appendix
Plate
viii.).
The
may
help to fix
IL, xxxii).
For the
in the
interests of the
Low
by the
main
scene,
Huya's
who appa1
Nefertiti is rently are not allowed the wine. of styled " The heiress, great of favour, lady
Eestored
is
from
a
L'Hote.
doubtful.
In
both
cases
the
of
o,
of
Lepsius
little
of grace, charming in loving-kindness, mistress South and North, the great wife of the king
L'Hote and he
reads
and
-==-> respectively.
p. 28).
The three
chariots
from
the
royal
dado the
artist
by the
artist.
In Plate
xii.
King and
his
mother are
Apparently Tyi
enaten
is
Tyi
affectionately
Akhby the
had come to
settle in
Akhetaten.
house had
little
sister
Beketaten follows
the
gift
for
little
to
do with
Two
who
know
military and
civil.
They
dress,
are preceded
appointments to
the house.
It is this
official,
who
leads
Dividing the
way
clad in
Egyptian
but with a
fillet
round
his bald
own
office,
the
of a
homage together in their various capacities, not unaware how much of the gratitude of the menials was paid to him
giving thanks and
personally.
Aten
shines
we
see
ment
of workmen.)
is left
Sun-shade (or
'
Shade of Ra
')
Scarcely anything
to us of
five,
out of
Queen
case,
[Tyi], the
In the former
and everyis
Huya was
arms the
is
Each picture
" Akhetaten,"
in Akhetaten."
instead of
If this is
Aten
more than caprice, it implies that other shrines had now been erected in the capital and had
deprived the great temple of
its
The appointment of the Superintendent of " the royal harem, Huya Over each
group, or over
shout with
many
it
of them,
is
written the
monopoly.
which
ever.
"
!
acclaims
:
the
King or
The
he shall exist
"
!
temple in Plates
be reserved for an
ever
and
He
appendix
(p. 19).
youngest ranks
"
The
"
Aten
"
!
at
rising (?)
"
!
She who
is
the sup^
trumpeter,
group but one reads, " The appointment of the Superintendent of the royal harem, Huya, and of (or
The
It
may
I
apparel.
be a decoration, therefore not an article of know of nothing Egyptian akin to it, and it
;
?)
origin.
;
We
(cf.
see
Huya
else-
Or perhaps not a
The
(guild of)
where
in charge of
such an
to
official
like Tyi,
was a stranger
Akhetaten
Huya and
to the temple.
as
')
the
(?)
of the
guild of saises of
Aten has
thus
risen
on him.'
group
the
The was
inscription
probably
associating
5,
Huya
West
Plates
xiii.,
The men
are identified
by
Appointment
^
fol.
xi.
(published in
Amelinbau,
Lepsius, D.,
royal
harem and
of the Treasuiy."
is is
If the ininter-
scription
correctly
This scene
is
the supporter of
illustration of
it also
:
a play
describes
and dates.
The
inscription records
by the
jovial porters,
who pretend
month
who
gives
The
dition
The King of South and North and ever Nefer-kheperu-ra and the Queen Nefertiti, living for ever and ever, made a public appearance on the great
for ever
!
impossible,
but
it
On
the
of Syria (Kharu) and Ethiopia (Kush), the West and the East (Syria and Ethiopia standing for the North and the South) all the countries collected at one time,* and the islands in the heart of the sea, bringing offerings to the King (when he was) on the great throne of Akhetaten for receiving the
;
life."
who have
Further to the right what appears to be a river of which cattle are is seen, on the banks
grazing
;
The movement
palace
to
in the picture
is
from the
reception.
The
been
but probably
it
is
pictures
the
palace
have
already
game
being driven
by
beaters.
By
commented on (Part I., p. 23), but a few points suggested by this new representation may be
added here.
where the
trees
camp
of these hunters or
A hut of wattle is
herdsmen has been planted. set within a pale (?), and the
seems to indicate that
The lower
section,
is
very arbitrarily.
1.
the country affords sufficient sustenance. While the women are engaged about the camp, the
loggia
window
men
The
Two
and these doors, which are the doors to rooms on each side of the loggia, should be placed
accordingly.
The sloping
ascents
led
up
to
Beading
2
Restoring |-g
^^j
^IM
from a photograph by
was
prior to the
'
comprises this inscription and the two preceding groups, which are distinguished by him as Syrians and Ethiopians. I see no trace of anything foreign in
/\f^/fAf\
This
is
them.
L'Hote reads
is
ra
/VNAVNA
il
<=>
^M
I
have been used to distinguish the divine from the regal attributes of the god (see Part II., pi. iv. g, and p. 15).
*
graph
Beading
/^
with Lepsius
10
to right
and
left of
the
state procession
loggia
strictness
open-air, fan
instead
The
their attentions.
rooms/
side
xvii.),
but the
of the
doors
and
PI.
had space
put the
without
II.
side rooms.
able to
14)
41),
it
placed
wall
!
it
may
well
The
of
smaller
rooms,
hall,
instead
of
being
the
is
as
much
is
a feature
to
be seen in
The
to impress
As
it
was desirable
the foreign
by waiting-women and two nurses. Only the two elder are named possibly two more were inconspicuously shown. This artist,
followed
:
the
little
contemptuous of the
tAvo babies
The royal
public
pair
sit side
by
side,
not foregoing in
;
their
habitual
in
dalliance
for,
though
of a
whom
at
most he acknoAv-
Akhenaten
statue,
sits
the
irksome
stiffness
(?),
he permits
his
waist.*
Nefertiti to
arm round
servants,
which
to
Egyptian statuary
affects,
was considered
companion picture
in the
As
this
was a
A long file
In front of
official,
I. xviii.,
houses in the
building
men
is
led
by
five
of their officers
ruined
*
city, is decisive.
The reader
left,
Plate xv.).
which was the original of these tantalizing plans by consulting the diagram on p. 30, and the plan and rbstoration in Beman, Life in Ancient Egypt, pp. 177-180.
^
them again are Huya and his fellow preceded by six soldiers. These belong
to
two
Cf. L. D.,
iii.
106 a
Peteib, T.A.,
pi. xi.
Part
and
p. 42.
"
Ibid.
11
first
dragged
women and
hung with
of
additional detachment of this and a kindred tribe (who wear a short tunic and carry an axe, as in II. xl.) are also ranged on the
An
Less barbarous
three yokes
;
skins
two
set-pieces
no doubt),
Egypt.
priest in the
same headgear precedes the palanquin, burning incense,^ and others of his countrymen go before and assist in the execution of a pantomimic dance (as in II. xxxviii.). This dance,
which I have
set
antelopes.
The Ethiopian slaves are balanced by a still greater number from Syria, drawn up in nine (?)
bands of four to six each, to await the King's
arrival.
officer
down elsewhere
to the hilarity
Each band
and a warder.
is
in charge of a military
As there
is
no mention
it is
safest to
mummers.
conclude that they are slaves or hostages, representing or guaranteeing the prescribed tribute.
the procession, perhaps for show, perhaps for use on the return journey.
The picture
is
far
A
had
still
or interchange of gifts
no am-
made by
suzerain,
brought
forward
by
native
Egyptians.
head of the procession under guard of one of The tribute of the North is seen on the police.
one
side,
officers
are
and
comprises two
chariots,^ four
sacks,
filled
and a number of the elaborate vases, probably with precious spices and unto execute, less for use than for purposes
are in
wont
few Retnu
too
women
some perhaps
of display.
in the lowest
rows
rough to allow of
marks.
some
directed to a
little
is
an
on each of
its
its
four four
It consists in the
roof,
on each side
For a
121.
It is characteristic of the unpractical
and low
three
walls,
topped by uraei,
see L. D.,
connect the
Customs,
For these handcuffs see Wilkinson, Manners and i., p. 338, and Capaet, Becueil de Monuments,
xsxi.,
being dragged. ' Tbey are rudely cut or unfinished, besides being jured, so that it is hard to recover their shapes.
in-
and perhaps
in
II. xxxvii.
built,
altars
The North wall is occupied by two scenes, the upper parts of which are almost identical and represent the bestowal of favours on Huya by the King. The written statement is very meagre
and the pictorial record much mutilated
in respect of different
it
is
;
but we
To
service
the
depiction
of
In Plate xvi,
sacrificial
mony
of
that these
called.
mounds
Lying a
in both pictures
this
the
palace' to
for a great
public ceremonial.
We
Huya among
satisfied
the
courtiers,
with this
casual appearance.
He
Huya
where he might be shown receiving the congratulations of his household and of his
new
The
harem
rewards or insignia of
royal gifts seem
office
(a
sash?).
on
his return
mony.^
more scanty than usual, only a bracelet being clearly shown, though an unopened
coffer is seen below.
by
Possibly, as the
scene below
fields
and having
King was only indicating his approval it registered. The scene is explained
(Plate
vii.).
On
the
extreme
is is
left
by the
note, "
Huya
is
appointed
Superinten-
dent of the royal harem, Superintendent of the Treasury and Steward in the house of the Queenmother,"
woman
fields,
Huya's
:
grateful
eulogy
is
in
the
where a man
of oxen.
prescribed form
who
and
The three offices, and not the last only, must be taken to refer to Tyi's household. So we have seen Meryra II. holding the same offices in the establishment of Nefertiti about this time.
Part
I.,
Plate
vi.
(Eough sketch.)
left).
II.,
Plates
x.,
xxxiii.,
7
and pp.
'
As
in Plate
xi.
(extreme
' ^
xlii.
of the familiar
groups
It will be noticed that the stairs to the doors on the platform turn inwards, but outwards in Plate xvii. This is good proof that in fact they were at right angles to the
fa9ade.
^
Emend
to
ra
13
The framework
of this scene
last.
is
almost the
is
ka (or perhaps
sustenance
')
of all mankind.'
'
Thou
The Queen
from the youngest ranks (Ut. from the recruits, from the recruits '). So long as Aten dawns thou shalt be
to everlasting," the
name
is
erased
everlasting."
Huya
stands in a court
of the balcony,
which
is
here
and
with
if
basins, &c.).
II.
It
would be in accordance
from
I. vii.
and
totally
from
II.
xxxiv.
to his
own house
to congratulate himself
and
not
As the epithet " favourite of the Lord of the Two Lands " is here added to the titles of Huya,
and numerous tokens of favour are manifest,
This
it
receive
congratulations
on
his
good fortune.
is
But the
so,
Huya
in the treasury
where
was
probably
is
purely
honorary.
and in the exercise of that which gave him the supreme place
and both arms covered to the elbow with armbands, four or five on each.
The building
(really
?) is
His blessing
time
:
is
this
The good
it,s
ruler,
mighty
I.
xxxi.
As
all
there, so
how
it
to
round the
bestow
(life,
the
Pharaoh
is
life
prosperity, to see." *
and health
!),
the son
whom
my
and
There
is
every
and
was in
series of
Akhetaten.
The contents
but the
those in
somewhat resemble
one arm
This,
xxxi.
is
(Plate xviii.).^
It is so
prominent
at once as
may
a work of
love.
The
sculptor,
seizing
the
Plate
xvii.
3
Conjecturing
L'HoTB, Papiers,
Lepsius, D.,
iii.
iii.
276 reverse.
a.
(Eough
o
written at
( r-w-i
AAAAAA
fl
sketch.)
T^K
Li
I I
100
O
*
Ti
I I
first).
Cf. I. viii.
1 I
Emending
L. D.,
to
'
Beading,
/VWV\A
I
artist,
Georgi,
was
For the
text see
I. viii.
of the statue.
14
tasks
ized.
less special-
room for doubt that the not Auta himself, was one of his pupils.
is little
One
is
And
is
en-
a very
human touch
his
A coarse
and a
fine chisel
its
himself.
side
from attaching
in the studio,
name
to hold a chisel
injury.
and keep
its
delicate
edge from
In the
With
scenes seems to
have been
left to
less skilful
the
artist's
signature
work.
work becomes
so
With
idea,
all
One
on
Auta's
portraiture.
upon a wooden box, another upon stone vases, so that there is no evidence in Avhat material the statue would be wrought.
pupil seems engaged
was of good
the picture
The
efiigy
of Beketaten
in
Auta's studio
Huya
is
in the
This
confirmed
The workshop
(?)'
columns
inner
....
little
sanctum partitioned
house of recreation
ofiicial.
(?),
Here
fiers
sits
')
is
vivi-
The
notice which
He
imfortunately
on a low
last
touches in paint to a
much damaged. It appears to run " appointment of the workmen (?) of (by ?) the favourite
of the
dent,
She
is
represented as a young
(?)
girl,
Lord of the Two Lands, the Superinten&c., of the great royal wife Tyi, Huya."
in her
hand may
though a
are busy,
mind
of the graceful
body of a
girl lightly
robed.
Obviously the
attired in
nude and
is little
quite
spreading robes
and there
doubt that
was treated
Akhetaten was
arts,
home and
fostering
all
ground of the
if
and
it
as
much
as possible.
Small as
would not be at
surprising
Queen Tyi
also
was one of
their
An
an attitude of closest attention. Another figure once stood behind Auta. Further away two
other young sculptors are engaged in modest
Possibly a
trial
times included in the burial equipment. Or it is one of those stone heads worked in the flat for inlay, numbers of which were found in the palace ruins.
15
we
great
Tyi,
who
lives for
ever
establishment at
Akhetaten
whom
if
her steward
and ever."
But
what we
see
The
the
is is
furnished by
divided into
here
is
lintel.
two
halves, that
left
hold of Akhenaten
the
perfect
harmony
between
the
Dowager- Queen and her son that it is Akhenaten and Nefertiti who reward Huya for his
fidelity in the service of Tyi.
sit
side
by
side
on a
his
arm upon
North "Wall
The Portal.
Plates
vivacious gesture
up
to his.
By
the action of
fragments from squeezes of the right jamb are shown in L. D. Text, ii., p. 141.
Two
Each jamb
inner rooms
inscription
of the
doorway leading
the
Amenhetep
his wife,
is
the foot.
p. 19.)
who
see
The
v).
;
lintel
is
To both
groups instead of
(cf. II.
ofifers
the symbol of
the
The whole
much
impartially.
crustations
on Queens
enters
^
:
much
inclined, like
my
predecessors, to
give
them no further
showed
that,
attention.
But
"
closer
The hereditary
princess,
great of
favour,
lady of
though the
left
expected
her beauty. Mistress of South and North, the great wife of the King, whom he loves, the Lady of the Two Lands,
Tyi."
The
the
description
of Beketaten,
"the King's
is
Amenhetep
III,,
:
and
his
mother Tyi.
The
for
formula reads
ruler of the
god and king' the living Ea, two horizons, rejoicing on the horizon in the name of the Brilliance which comes from the Aten, who giveth life for ever and ever, the King of South and
North, &o., Nefer-kheperu-ra Ua-en-ra, who gives life [replaced in the second and fourth columns by the personal designation of the King] the King of South and
;
even in
is
spelling,
Maat and Mut were abandoned and hence the prenomen of Amenhetep
Two
name
7
culte
Cf.
Peteie, T. A.,
in
pi. xxii.
maat feather
No.
4)
Le
Of.
Part
I.,
p. 8
Part
II., p. 15.
d'Atonou,
'
I. pi,
It must be noticed that as the King became more and more sensitive to any mention of the discarded deities, the
2
Cf. the
almost
on
p. 7,
and Part
II., p. 14.
16
to
be in vital unity,
political,
religious,
and
name of the son with and preceding those of his parents on the jamh, are
the only features which favour the idea that
Ra
King thus pourtrayed was a dead monarch upon whose throne his son had sat for a decade. But for this and the difficulty of reconciling
the
The Funeral
B. Wall.
Rites.
Shrine.
Plate xxii.
this
unique
From
this
scene,
so
common
faith
in
Egyptian
two royal households would have suggested a co-regency of the two Kings
even at this late date in Akhenaten's reign.
we
no
may
new
had
this
effected
The picture
at
least
intensifies
known
customs
and
it
was no doubt
orthodoxy
It
shows strongly in
what full sympathy the conforming King and his nonconforming son were a sympathy which, while it admitted differences, must have been
:
concerned
themselves that
pantheon.
all
probability
may
be the echo.
It
Here the last rites are being duly paid to the embalmed body of Huya, before its committal to the burial chamber at the bottom of the deep shaft. The mummy, swathed in wrappings,
as
festal cap, and furnished an Osiris with the beard of a god, is placed
both
father
to allow to Tyi.
long as his
and Be'
priests.
it
may
to
all.
mummy
his wife
')
four
we have
strations of grief.
One
deny a co-regency
at
this
period after
mother of
other
is
"
the the
probably the
sister seen
on the opposite
is
name
even more
Amenhetep III. and Tyi, or numbering her among the daughters of Nefertiti. Her name
of
indicates the
least to the
man
is
an immense
and
new
But
he recites
Avhile
own
" M.a,j there be made for thee a dy hetep seten of thy bread and the beer of thy house; may there be poured out for thee water from thy cistern ; may there
must regard it as a solemn denial by the King that in removing the capital of Egypt and making changes in its
of
We
be brought to thee [fruit] from thy trees may a recitamade for thee from (?) the written lore (?) " of Aten may food be deposited for thee on the altar for thy ka [every day(?)] may thy name be remembered/
;
tion be
;
religion
he had
broken
with
line of
the
past,
or
'
Of. p.
Kings whose
^
not contested.
Emending Emending
<=^
(]
A/V\AM
^ O
''
^ ^
'=^
HTV
17
harem and
of the Treasuries,
11.
Huya, maakheru
The power
of the dead
hand laying
its
is
claim
Shrine.
made
real
life,
The
bury
hibited
objects
in
and there
is
much
the
which it was felt desirable to chamber with the dead are exspaces
on the wall
fully
on each side of
On
the
left
hand
traces
beer,
and the
a chariot
"canopic"
priest
jars,
&c.
(?)
On
and
the right
a couch
it
;
numerous male mourners make the motion of pouring dust on their heads in token of sorrow. Several wear the shouldersash of the professional
registers below, sacrificial
(?)
Behind the
with a footstool
toilet vases
below
two
two shrines on
objects too
joint-stools,
and other
mourner.^
In the
wailing
much
The
Huya
forward
groups.
and
the
crowds gather in
and
his wife.
The
:
connectedly
among
Huya
in itself
The Funeeal
West Wall.
Procession.
Plate
xxiii.
sufficient to
officials of his
Shrine.
On
this wall
its
we
to
it
making
carrying
offerings.
way
the
C.
with
and
1.
There are two tables set out with loaves and sealed jars, and eight caskets such as
1.
(Outer wall-thickness.
adoration of Ea-Aten,
Plate
life
ii.)^.
ushabti.
These are carried suspended from the ends of Stems of papyrus (shown in realistic yokes.
detail in Plate xxii.) are provided plentifully,
"An
who
gives
for
ever
[and ever.
in
Homage
to thee],
dawning
in the sky
and
and a frond
piled-up
of
palm
in
is
baskets
lowest
register.
Mourners, both male and female, follow the porters in large numbers, and in token of grief
carry one or both hands to the head, or cover Some of the rethe face with both palms.
lations
shinest on them. [They shout to the height of heaven; they receive] joy and gladness; they
rejoice
(when) thou
when they
all
rays on
men.
They [go
forth
(?)
heaven, when thou hast taken the goodly road. " Thou settest me for ever in a place of favour, in
my
have had names attached to them, but " we can now only see that one was his sister
.
.
mansion of bliss. My spirit goes forth [to see] thy rays, I am called by my name to feed on its offerings. and
;
Kherpu
."
('0
'
iii.
The
277.
Boyal
Compare the sash of the mourning women Tomb (e CuUe d'Atonou, I. vii., ix.).
in the
from
18
which
2.
and
milk
rfes-beer]
(?),''
consume shens and bat and pesen bread hot roast meat and cold water, wine and
is
Shrine Door.
1.
everything that
offered
[in the
sanctuary
Aten in Akhetaten.J " For the ka of the favourite of the Lord of the Two Lands, the Superintendent of the harem and of the Treasury and Steward in the house of the great royal [wife Tyi, Huya, maakheru].
of the
2.
Ua-en-ra, who
princes and
fills
the good
ruler,
who makes
the two
gifts
Countless numbers of
and food
at every
place;
my
lord
who
fostered me,
(W.
For the ha
side.
Huya.
Plate
text
iii.)
For a
PI. xxix.
fuller
and translation
2.
and
p. 31.
Lady
of the
Two
Lands,
who
makes the two lands bright with her beauty, the Queen3.
E.
side.
Plate xxxvii.)
A
Part
Tyi,
mistress of provisions,
is
therefore
May
For the
ha
4.
of the
3.
Superintendent
"
(W.
side.
Plate xxxvii.)
For a duplicate text and translation of this prayer see and p. 31. The close of it gives the titles as in No. 1 above, ending " Huya, maakheru em amakh."
PI. xxviii.
5.
{a) "Praise to thy Xa, ON.! who art worshipped every day, the sun who rises like Aten, filling the two [seeing ?] my lord lands with his beauty
;
B.
of
side.
Plate xx.)
"A
of
offerings
the
King's
giving,
bread, beer,
and provisions
thy beauty and attending thee every day. For the ha of the Superintendent of the royal harem of the great Queen, Huya, maakheru." " Praise to thy ka,0 N. Thy ka comes in peace, (6)
!
Nile-god
thee in the
for ever
thy [name] may thrive * in thy tomb-chapel may each generation that is to come call thee and all living May thy name not be to seek for thee (?) in thy
Court of Festival.
I attend
of
the
maakheru."
4.
(ffl)
mansion.
of
[May
made] for thee a dy hetep seten bread .... and beer of thy house. For
there be
etc.,
"Praise
to
(to)
thy
favour.
ha,
O
'
N.,
my
like
lord
[who
! '
the Superintendent,
Huya, maakheru."
givest (?)]
'
me
Loved
Aten
O
"
is
Prospering
{b)
without
ceasing
6.
(West
side.
Plate xx.)
whom
it
"
[life]
whole land
to thee
Huya]
the sands of the dunes
in millions
after victory
(?).
for ever."
5.
(Upper
lintel.)
Thou
shalt be to eternity
(a)
causes Plenty and makes the two lands bright by his beauty "
!
who
(b)
thy
risest
ha,
Disc, ruler of
art
the
horizons
'
Thou
and
radiant,
Eeading
|
^.
that there
is
lovely,
two and
'^
an
error
6.
(Lower
hntel.)"
seten,
for
(I
.^
<="
" milk."
(a)
"A
dy hetep
who
Supplying
Eestoring
^
\^
to
makes princes and fills the two lands with his ha, the King of South and North, Nefer-kheperu-ra Ua-en-ra
"
^^
Emending
II., p.
141.
19
difficulties are
is
for
Khu'a
(Inner Door.
Foot
Tea,
of right
jamb.
!
Plate xxvii.)
risest
Nor
Ua-en-ra
of
Thou
living
life,
ruler
the
entire land.
Grant
Huya He King's.
is
thy son
(?)
ha of Superintendent of
the
great
"Por
Ua-en-ra
the
The appearance of the picture in Huya's tomb counts for little, for Meryra II. records what is almost certainly
the
King's
service.
left
jamb
is illegible.
the same
event.
certain that
D. Huya.
had he been
Unfortunately
The
(1) (2)
given to
Huya
in his
broken in
Even
if
the
tion of the
name Khu'a could be a transcripEgyptian name Huya, the identificaQueen Tyi would
still
short of certainty.
of
Queen
the
Tyi.
To
mentary
epithets,
The tomb
and
Huya
is
North or South,
considered
itjp
Two
chamber
it
is
The
activity of
may be
Huya was
know,
to
we
of
the
Queen-mother.
Beyond
we know nothing
^
of
him whatever.
It is true that
Appendix A.
he has been recognized
in the
The
"
Sun-shade
viii.)
"
op Tti.
(Plate
Khu'a who is mentioned in a letter of Burnaburias, King of Kardunias, to Akhenaten, as " Khu'a, my messenger." ^ But it seems impossible to admit this.
so far
it
It
full
Professor Steindorff
it,
is
from thinking of
possible
as
that the
ambassador
who
is
mentioned
the same
" Huya " has little to do with the pronunciation. know only the skeleton vocables of the name, H
We
-f-
1.
others.**
The
fit
this at all.
Khaai (Haai)
is
'
Budge, History
Tell el
of Egypt,
iv.,
MasSee
p. 327.
6).
Amarna Letters, No. 9 (Berlin, No. WiNCKLBE, Tell el Amarna Letters, p. 19.
3
more likely to represent the Egyptian name which on our system is written Khay. (Editor)]. * Part II., Such representations are now p. 20. available to the reader in Plate xxx., and in Le Culte d'Atonou, I., plate i., and p. 18. In the toinb of Pentu
(IV. v., vi., vii.) the picture of the Shrine is too much broken to be of material help, and the whole scene is
Dr. Geo. *A. Beitrdge zur Assyriologie, i., p. 331. Eeisner is also strongly opposed to the identification.
[The
conventional
transcription
of
the
name
as
negligeable,
20
in fact
the space, so
be seen.
(Plate x.).This space,
comparison of Plate
viii.
2.
between
more the building behind, as shown by Huya, differs so much from the standard
and
picture, that I
altera-
II., p.
24)
As we have
as it
is
in the
that
it
may be
it
a reconstruction of a colonnaded
more
But
now
tomb
as
itself
difficulty fall
The
if
we know
that the
be made clearer
we merely
:
" Sun-shade
"
of
as therefore structural or
functional alterations
we should
fl
make the
For
if
picture in
is
no violence
re-
prove
reconstruction
of
the
Lesser
The abbreviated
correspond to
pictures
show three
gate-
These
(1) The Entrance Gateway, admitting to THE OuTEU CouBT (the wholo of the Great
The Gateway
The
in
Colonnaded Gateway, through which the Lessek Sanctuaky is entered. The Great Sanctuary 1. The Outer Court.
(3)
which occupied
vant,
this court is
omitted as
irrele-
and the space occupied by the royal party. In Plate xxx., where the visitors have
'
is
20
is
doubtful.
2]
now
only pai-tially preserved i; but from the remains it seems certain that the statues of
still
Amenhetep
son,
III. alternated
all
and that
The Sanctuary
sentations of
Queen Tyi, associated with her admitted that this husband and her son alternately. She is styled facie resemblance
in the first case, " the great wife of the King,
to earlier representations of
(e.g. I. xxxiii.).
if
Yet the
not at
all
beloved of him, [Tyi,J living for ever " in the second, the epithet "mother of the King" is added. While Akhenaten is given his two
;
needed transformation,
radical.
extensive,
is
The
original plan
names with
full titulary,
out of which
rooms
lay
name
of
Amen
who
Beyond
this
another building,
accessible
his father,
South and North and Lord of the Two Lands, Neb-maat-ra," The two Kings are distinguished
also
by
their dress
wears
thrown
the hhepersh helmet as usual, the father wears the close-fitting headdress ending in a queue,
which
his
son
rarely
dons.^
The Queen
is
A white
The
under-garment
is
with an upright
is
stone-
The King
but pro-
single base,
by
side.
less
I
r
Sanctuary was
set,
'
The
greater
number were
in paint only,
and many
of
TYI.
(For the the cartouches seem to have been left blank. The hieroglyphs in clearest, see Plate xxv., graflSto 2.) the oblong placards, small as they were, were all incised
into the
corridors
of the
central court.
The supposition of Lepsius that the king, a princess, and the deceased occupied the third space at the foot of this plate was due
and then
filled in
Then the
walls
by the
scribal error
^.
for
^,
;
(L.
3
Louvre
of the
no independent evidence is afforded by this. For a tracing of one of the groups on a larger scale^ The details of the figures and of the see Plate xxv. g.
so
s
The parapet
of black
columns
formed
of the stairway to the altar seems to be and red stone alternating with white.
22
doorway of a
rooiti,
Something akin to
(cf.
this en-
Part
II.,
no one entering would command a view That secrecy rather than of the interior.
safety
is
little
aimed at and to
in front
is
plain
The
statues,
however,
by three
It
is
doorway
of the
They
screen.
But
is
it
will
be noticed that
is
set a pillar-
which
plainly to be interpreted
statues of Akhenaten
and Merytaten
(Nefertiti?).
as a screening
partition within
the vestibule,
size
King with
it
is
The
is
of the
probably only
and
artist,
who
is
fond of
as in the
new colonnade
The main
at the
as
Egyptian
Here,
The two-plumed head-dress which the Queen wears is also much more characteristic of Tyi than of her daughter-in-law.^ The other statues which will be met with in this sanctuary
do not
differ in
we should expect
one.
but,
owing
to
it is
the in-
not the
The
court,
shrine
is
of her
husband and
son.
The
gateway
Avith
demands
interpretation.
Such a construction
and plans above).
It
An
injury to the
sculpture
identification.^
xxxiii.
screened.
3
waUed enclosure
it.
Cf.
II.,
Pis. xix.,
xxxvi., pp.
section.
We
shown by
But a
in
*
by the house
Pbteib, T. a.,
important rooms.
The entrance
Yet
II. xix.
pi. xl. (cf. also No. 17, pi. xlii.). has a hint of something peculiar in the
gates here.
^
In PI. XXX.
we
see a
similar
table
in the court,
pairs of
We
thus
of
may
that
it
was customary,
for
reasons
In
arms
faintly suggest
We
know
rock-stelae,
pair of
2
JTefertiti
:
stelae
Tyi
is
were groups of Akhenaten and Nefertiti. But in the Eoyal Tomb {Le Oulte d'Atonou, I. i.) the two statues are similar and male. If a former statue of Nefertiti was retained here, it may have been a reason for providing a shrine for Tyi behind.
23
Two side-corridors lead to the space behind. Here, forming a long gallery which may be a reminiscence at least of the former corridor, is
a series of some eight altar-statues, the Queen
(Tyi
?)
The inadequacy of the conventions employed by the Egyptian draughtsman and the caprice shown in their employment have afforded us frequent ground of complaint in dealing with
the plans of the temple and palace
;
two Kings.
they are
In the centre
wall.
It is set
elevation,
walled
in
all
doors
giving
its
admittance
being ceiled.
front.
is
As columns
division
There
is
no sign of
Inside
any
single
An
is
the erection of
main building is out of the question. The shrines and the small chambers round central courts seem the only parts of the building, beside the colonnades, on which a roof
can even be suspected.^
In estimating the value of this identification
of the " Sun-shade " with the Lesser Sanctuary
but probably
depicted, but
as
stairway.
two and two on each side of the " Statues " I have said, but in truth
prevent us from seeing
there
in
is
nothing to
or a part of
it,
Greater
all,
them four royal personages, except the difficulty of granting the existence of two Kings
Their hands are
slab.^
since
It
ex-
may
(1)
still
be urged against
it,
however, that
in so short
On
the
same grounds
represent
a period.
Amenhetep
wife
many
Tyi as
both
and
King.
and
facing
outwards
;*
the
suggests
shades" (Part
(3)
II., p. 26.)
but to enable
make
acceptable offering to
strange.
Sun
Aten
in
(But the
artist is
Akhetaten.
new
^
features introduced in
honour of Tyi.)
The corniced wall is only shown in section at the back. But a back wall only and front gates would be
'
tion
have roofed in the side chambers in the reconstrucon p. 40 of Part I., but on somewhat slender grounds.
line
The corniced
outer wall.
difference
of
absurd.
^
We
and
I.
xxxii. (centre of
entrances
Meryra's house). The central structure in the building shown in Part I., p. 40, is on essentially the same
model.
enclosure, but
But
I.
if
xxxi.
doorways with lintels a roofed building. I. xxxii. gives us hope of such a reservation, proves it vain and if open gateways at least never
;
See remarks below on remains found in the ruins. * In the accompanying plan of the sanctuary I have not interpreted strictly the eastward (shrine-ward) position of all the statues in the portico and colonnade and may be it is none the less a little unexpected
3
;
admit to roofed buildings, then not a single chamber in the temple was ceiled. If it be claimed that the store-
it
show
that such a
to the sky.
p. 9.
intentional.
Peteib, T. a.,
24
The probability is that such a peristyle court would not be a forecourt, but placed within (The temple of the Aten was of a a temple.
new
Deir
(5)
later,
type,
el
of
Huya).
(3)
Bahri.)
Fragments of
five statues
presumably
(The
or nems head-dress.
each side.)
(4)
Fragments
of five
female statues,
paid
little
sitting.
(Fifteen are
(6)
The mention
is
Aten
in
(5)
the titulary
inscribed
Nefertiti.
shown on each side.) flat slab with two hands underneath with the names of Akhenaten and (Compare the statues noticed in the
great limestone
in
stela
As
described
by
an
first shrine.)
the
outer
wall
forms
(6)
Fragments of a
xii. 1, 2),
at the
(Peteie, T. A.,
and Queen.
marked by numerous
Nothing but a
The
statues.
save
those
altar statues,
and formed a
seems
below
met
"with.
This
evidence
overwhelming
for,
aten's
successors
were the
sole
discoveries.
Near the entrance were enormous foundations of concrete, and the lower part of innumerable
pillars.'
Two
have to be
but a heap
made.
Firstly, the
outside the wall yielded remains which strongly support us in placing the " Sun-shade of
shown by Meryra
colonnade of
at the
back of
the
Huya do
not
seem
to>
be
found here
colossal limestone statue
I.
xxxiii. are.*
Fragments of a
of a
King holding the crook and flail. (Compare the statues of Akhenaten (?) in the portico,
xxxiii.)
But we cannot separate the two parts of the design of Huya, nor would it help us to do so. The second qualification is that another site
could be found in the city,
if
I.
Peteie, T.A., pp. 7, 10, 11, 18, 19, 43. See also Erbkam's earlier plan (L. D., i. 63, 64). 3 The former perhaps were meant to receive obelisks the latter, probably, to raise this end of the temple above the soil. This hypothesis is confirmed by pictures which show the temple on a platfprm reached by a sloping ascent
1
still
more exact
for
Akhenaten, except the colossi, would be represented by the fragments viz., five life-size altar-statues with tlie helmet, one holding a slab (No. 1
;
(IV.
xviii.,
XX
Le CuUe d'Atonou,
I. xliii., xlv.).
one colossal Osirian figure (out of and one double life-size figure (the statue near the No. 2 of Petrie).
of Petrie's hst),
four),
stela.
25
"Temple"
where
"
with a red
in the court of
picture).^
But
this
slight
similarity
on the
stone
site,
earlier,
negatived
by other
features
and
cannot
the other
site.
Lesser Sanctuary.
He
also
records
that
he
of stone with
'
L. D. Text,
ii.,
p. 124.
26
CHAPTER
THE TOMB OF AHMES
A. Architectural Features.
II.
(-
1)'
xxix., xxxviii.).
Both
sides of the
entrance
xxvii.).
The
of
West
;
tomary in
this situation,
But
of Meryra,
the
high-priest
it
faces
West.
at
sale in
purpose of
amount
of quarrying
Fortunately the
had
to
be done to gain
a vertical face of
texts are
so
levelled,
earlier copies
The space
in
The
ceiling
from the
times for
was occupied
which
still
cumber
side of
for a
the spot.
The entrance
height,
portal,
on each
of
The Hall
of which
is
This has
simple
(Plate
xxvii.),
and
to the inner
chambers and
corniced framing
xxxviii.).
is
The
ceiling,
which at
will
the
South end
flat at
name
of the
the other.
Two
disc-
crowned hawk
employed
^
;
tomb
as a
entiation of the
The doorway has been mutilated by the cutting of a fanlight over it by some later occupier, and more recently by the
"father" above them.^
The
by a short passage
left
jamb.
The
burial shaft
;
though partially
filled, it
is
p. 32.
open to a depth of
other end
of the
Interior.
nearly thirty
feet.
At
the
'
The tomb
No. 3
No. 4
of Lepsius.
The design
is
and the
there
tomb and
Eeasons have already been given for making this that of Pentu the earhest in this group, dating from about the ninth year of the King (Part II,, p. 7).
3
of the border has been covered over by drab, and the hearts of the diamonds, instead of being blue and red, are red, vrith the inmost diamond picked out in white.
27
B.
1.
floor.
At each
hewn
They are out of place here, being taken over from the class of
The Thickness
Outer Wall.
p. 31.
tomb where
hall
(cf.
IV. xiv.).
doorway
and the
ceiling
is
aspect of a central
shrine (Plate xxvii.)
The two figures of Ahmes which occur here His decorashow the usual dress (cf. p. 4). consisting only of a double row of tions are few, gold beads round his neck but he carries on
;
The
portal
of the
his
offices,
secured to a
met
Huya
The fan
been
left
unfinished.
A mistake
on the right
this
was made by
filling
them
and
ren-
involved, or
which should have been put in the panels above. They were afterwards obliterated with
signs,
to."
plaster,
but are
now
partially revealed.
The
A list
and a translation
deceased
man
it
superfluous
green,
The device oh the East side for filling up the space by bars of colour (blue,
blue,
A rough
it,
red)
at
intervals
is
paralleled,
as if for purposes of
The roof
is
arched.
Pivot-holes in
2.
was closed by folding doors. The whole tomb is laid out with great accuracy, and the walls are cut true and smooth.
In the outer corridor the wall-surfaces were
given a fine coating of plaster, but the decoration
West Wall.
a, xxxix.
[No previous
L'Hote {Papiers,
Lepsius and
made a
plaster cast, of
Pharaonenreichs, p. 155.]
is
to receive
was only
some
The
preserved.
On
and three princesses under the radiant sun. All the rest is blank, and the clean surface proving
too great a tempation to visitors in the days of
The
On
The temple
pre-
but
also
a
is
'
Cf. I. XXX.,
p. 196.
2
dirt.
L. D. Text,
p. 136.
28
half-finislied,
The
chariot
is
immediately preceded by a
cut
away by
The
troop of foot-soldiers,
who run
the
in
two detachof
of the picture
is
But chance
Although
habits
Egyptian
observation showed
me
revealed here,
had conformed
wall that
it
there
is
a mixture of
Ahmes
guided
the frequent
may
It
one of a state
visit to
men
in
man
Ahmes
the eleventh
man
manifestly an
in
officer,
the top
row the
con-
was
still
further changed
x.,
x.a
II. xiii.).
by the trumpeter, who must be in charge of the whole escort. The rear men of the files thus seem here to take the place of our non-commissioned officers
;
The
probably showed
Ahmes and
his
two princesses
and their
train.
freedom, the
showing great
The
troops.
ink,
but both
this,
The detachments seem to be composite. Each is led by six Egyptian spearmen, and
the standard-bearers of the six regiments they
represent.
The
figures
of the royal
personages
were rubbed out in the general defacement of the monuments after the King's death, and they have had to be restored (Plate xxxii.A) by help The King and Queen of the design of Mahu,
are represented as chatting face to face in the
car,
in equal
numbers (or in half their strength). In the upper detachment we see two bearded
with
characteristically
(?)
shaped
bow,
an Egyptian sergeant
while the
little
interested
IV.
XX.,
xxii.
{Le
Culte d'Atonou,
I.
xlv.,
xlvi.).
' For the trumpeter compare Plate xii. and Wilkinson, Manners and Customs, i., pp. 192 (a very similar picture
Hence Merytaten only is seen, and in her parents' chariot whereas the Northern tombs show the princesses in their
Le
Culte d'Atonou,
I.
ii.
The
represen-
xii. is
own
cars.
29
is
and
all of similar
appearance
There
Each
officer is
thus in charge
no
from
The standards
to assign
II.,
them
;
Egyptian
on pp. 19-25 of this volume. The space between the first and second gate-
regiments
ways (down
to the
is,
then,
bearers, here
different
As
in
I.
met
at the gate of
Some of the objects seen here are afterwards shown in that building, and the two sets of lavers seem by their posiThe mutilation of tion to imply its existence.
by the Great Sanctuary.
the wall prevents us from
altar
knowing
if
the great
who approach
and
cattle
(PL xxx.).
make
it
very unlikely.
We may also
who
by the slaughter-house.
here supplement
make
3.
visit.
is
the temple
West Wall
Lower Scenes.
:
is
due only
economy of space, the Smaller Sanctuary being the object of visit. The absence of any traces
of the walls of this building in the ruins of the
fol.
26
(partial) .=
to cover this
temple might make one suspect that the pictures of the Great Sanctuary in the tombs of Meryra
is
erased.
and Panehesy only represent the unexecuted plans which were in the hands of these priests,
The and
that
From
office
the
little
and that
it
was
But
chamberlain
the royal
the
existing
fragment
shows
this is
fainily seated at
meat in the
tomb
of
Mahu shows an
it
:
pylon which
(IV. XX,, xxi.
Ahmes
Le Gulte d'Atonou,
is
I. xliii., xlv.).
;
The
first
gateway
gratulations received
by him
home on
this
mark
'
of favour.
of
cf.
I.
Le
Gulte
The princess
in Plate xxxiv.
of
d'Atonou,
30
Pentu
somewhat similarly illustrated, but equally unfinished and injured. It has a scene in which the royal pair are seen at meat, and
another in which they
sit
and
viii., x.).
31
who
II.
is
apparently
sits
[prostrating themselves to
As
them,
forth,'!'
who
guidest
by thy
son,
circuit,
thy
the
this division
shining
thy beloved
the
King
rooms
and
South and North, living on Truth, Nefer-kheperu-ra, the entire land, and all the countries; that they may make laudations at thy dawning and at thy setting likewise. " God 8 who livest on Truth manifestly (lit. " in face of the eyes "). Thou hast made that which existed not, coming making these things in their entirety
forth
customary,
is
its
Thou
hast given to
fail
me
favour
before the
of
At
have completed
my
life
;
placed.
again in a similar
dant of the good god he hath trodden every place that he desired,^ I following his feet. He fostered me when I was a youth until I attained honoured old age in peace and joy and attendance on the Euler he being in festival
^'' ;
M. Maspero recognizes
every day."
2.
two " sycomores of malachite " which grew at the spot where the sun entered and left the upper world.^
(West Wall-thickness.
:
Plate xxix.)
BuETON, Excerpta, plate vii. L'HoTB, Papiers, iii. 287 " (figure and titles).
;
Lettres Sorites, p. 75
C.
1.
The Religious
Texts.
"
life
Thy dawning
for ever
is
is
beautiful,
Ea-Horakhti,
who
givest
and
ever,
whom
1.
(East Wall-thickness.
:
L'HoTB, Papiers,
iii.
288.
[no other], giving health to the eyes [by his he who has made all that is. Thou risest on the horizon of heaven [to give life to all that thou hast made], viz. all mankind, [cattle,] flying and fluttering
there
rays]
things,
98a.^
earth. living
beautiful,
[with]
all
kinds of
reptiles
They
are lively
when they
see thee.
They
lie
"Thy
lords,
setting
is
Aten,
Lord
of
Euler of the
Two
Lands.
son, Nefer-kheperu-ra.
is
He
pleasing to]
'
L. D.
iii.
106a.
(Two
trees
sky
wrongly
Huya seems
;
rendered)
^
rising "
;
M. in the Book of the Dead, chapters cix. and cxlix. b. Maspero is misled when he supposes that this tree has
been omitted in the tombs already published by me.
evidently belongs to the earlier series of designs
;
Coniecturins ' ^
__
'
aaaaaa
11
O W
<:3>
o
rest is
It
certain in
Huya's
text,
and the
later
the mythological detail was banned. 3 The restorations in the plate are from
Starred
hieroglyphs
I should
have written
have been slightly altered, being this I have had more or less comobvious errors. For plete support from the duplicate text on the W. thickness tomb. A photograph taken of the inner wall of Huya's
Var.
Eead
<=>
and
- Supplying
completely confirms the old copies. The text of Huya, being badly preserved, was not copied but carefully
collated.
*
^^=^.
Ti
(J(]
(Huya).
is
from
this
source.
value.
of
I.
Supplying
"^
^ J^ ^
by an injured
(Huya),
text in the
tomb
32
thy heart and seeing what thou hast made every day.
of the
Two
He
[prosperity,
circuit
health,
(?)
delight,
and]
'^
of reward."
The
inscription
for
on the
starred
right
hand
(i.e.
is
as
above,
under
;
[his feet.
He]
administers
them
South
*
"
for
substituting
the
passage
" he
who has
thy ka
the
whom
begotten,
of the
Two
Bast.
The
islands
in the
Companions."
midst of
His ^ Southern boundary (extends) as far as the breezes, and his northern boundaries as far as Aten shines.^ All their
praise to his
ka.
chiefs'^ are suppliants (?), fainting before the will of
3.
BuRiAii Petitions.
Plate xxvii.)
him,
2.
who
(Jambs
of outer door.
:
along with thee for ever and ever, since he loves to look on thee. Grant to him sed!-festivals exceeding numerous, of years of peace. Grant unto him s of that which thy heart loveth, like the multitude of the sands of the dunes, like the scales of the fish in the streams or the
hair of the cattle.
Previous copy
L'HoTE, Papiers,
"
iii.
289.'
dy hetep seten
of
Set
(?)
^
him here
till
the
swan
(?)
grows white, till the hills to travel and the deep runs up the river,'" I being attendant on the good god until he orders a burial of his giving." "
grows rise up
from
he grant [entrance and] '* exit the King's house, and that (his) members be
(?)
"May
provided with '* pleasure every day." (2) " May he [grant] the favour of his
children,
and
a reception of loaves from his offerings." (3) " [May he grant] life, prosperity, health, amuse-
2.
1.
(Lintel of entrance.
"
An
act of
cellor,*
homage
Lord
of
and an good King by the Eoyal Chanthe Sole Companion, follower of the feet of the the Two Lands, the favourite of the good god,
to the
ment," happiness and delight." (4) " [May he grant] rejoicing claily and the sight of his fair face every day." " May he grant in (5) (Eight jamb). every place which he treads." (6) " May he grant the sight of Aten from his rising
until there
(7)
comes
"May
he grant a happy
whom
and a goodly burial after old age." (8) " May he grant admission
foot') within the palace to see the
(lit.
'
of the
Court-house of the
King Ua-en-ra."
'
From
Plates
is
iii.
and
xxvii.
I. xli.
Close. " For the ka of the veritable scribe of the King, beloved by him, the Superintendent of the Court-house and Steward of the house of Akhenaten, great in his
The sense
That
is,
clear
from
and
II. xxx.,
but not
duration,
Ahmes
"
titles
alternating
the text.
3
the lands.
Emend
to
fl
(I. xli.).
From Huya.
=^^=^
1).
Ahmes.
plate.
<'
Cf.
Part
xxx.
The
man
of Syria in a white
1.
titles
robe with red bordering, and an under-garment with sleeves reaching to the wrists.
8 9
Bead
(Huya).
shanfet, nekhent, sneferu,
The words
are
new
to
Whence the restorations in the plate. I have since found a photograph taken by Professor Petrie, which
'^
still
the vocabulary.
For the
first
Mr.
more
fully.
"
Cf.
Part
II., p. 45.
Burton reads
^^.
" Eeadine
May
Emending
to
" Emending to
33
Fan-bearer
on the
right
hand
of
the
The
first
four
titles,
King.
3.
that
Ahmes
4.
5.
6.
of the King,
and closely attached to his person. History, however, has preserved no further relife,
Companion and
First of the
Com-
panions.
7.
and the signs of the King's favour of which Ahmes boasts do not seem to
cord of his
His tomb
Two
Some
cures,
commemorated
being neg-
32
ofiicial
which are
more empty of
real significance.
1)
34
APPENDIX
By Seymoue de
THE GREEK
[The numerous graffiti left by visitors to this tomb have already been mentioned (p. 27). They have been scratched with the point of a sharp stone or a weapon in the plaster of the lower part of the walls of the corridor. Owing to their rough character and frequent overlapping they are difficult to decipher, and I have not attempted to exhaust the material or to reproduce it in exact facsimile.
I
B.
Ricci.
GRAFFITI.
Inscriptions
(Paris,
Grecques
et
Latines
de
I'Egypte
They
1848, 4"), pp. 454-459, Nos. 507-522. were reprinted by Franz in 1850 in the
vol.
iii.,
pp.
wished rather to
those
who
are
them known
and estimate its value. It includes one Coptic graffito penned in ink but now nearly illegible, almost the only written memorial of the Coptic occupation of the site (Plate xxv.). Most of the graffiti in the Plate are from the Bast wall 42, 43, 47, 50, 52, 59 are from the West wall 10, 43, 44, 48 are from the South end 57 from the Bast thickness 2, 3 are from the shrine; 51, 54, 55, 68 are from the antechamber of Meryra's tomb. The interesting graffito No. 1 is from the wall outside, just on the right of the doorway. A few ink graffiti also from the East wall (No. 12 from the East inner thickness) of the tomb of Huya are dealt with here. Two unpublished graffiti from " Kotys came " (of. No. the West wall of Huya read and " Alexander .... Lycomedes." N. de G. D.] 22),
specially qualified to deal with
; ; ;
; :
me
is
in an article
by
Prof.
(1892),
p.
123.
He
his
own
siders as part of a
1.
Phoenician one.
;
p. 1,190,
No. 4,705i).
avafiai;
\_6vpa\i,oi,<;
Evd'
e^apa^e
KaTvWtvo<s ev irpo
XaoTop-wv
"
Having ascended
engraved
here,
Catullinus
has
this in the
doorway, marvelling
read with Franz
It is also possible to
7rpo[^up]otori.
Greek
graffiti
copied by Mr.
re-
one, but
letters
by no means
all
unpublished.
They were
first
two
little
lower
down.
/8acr6Xeu[s]
Crewe
collection.
Copies of
sixteen graffiti
eoSwpos Tov
them
^
in the second
volume of
in
.]
or A9vpC, ?
The
3.
rjKCOL
sense
is
not clear.
of Letronne's
papers drawn up by his daughter after his death. This but the greater part of list is now in my possession
;
(erous)
X.^
letters,
was
" I come
Year 37
"
iota at the
end of the
MSS.
THE GRAFFITI.
4. 5.
6.
35
nToXe[/Aatos]
KoK(o(f)o<; (?)
A.
Thracian name.
AvkovCevTjs,
lusanus, AvXovTpaXrj^
24. (Etovs) k
25. Letronne, p. 456, No.
No. 14),
etc.
7.
[?$i]\&)i'i/fos(?)
511; Franz,
p. 1,190,
IloXvVLKOV
8. 9.
No. 4,705/1).
^7roX(X.)oStupe
Illegible.
Evavdo?
Z<i}l\o<;
ASL(jiLav
ought to be
No. 1)
^iovv(ToS(opo<; vewre/jos
AtroWavLov
11. (Sayce,
A(t)po6eo<;
Av8povi.KO<;
AvBp0VL[^K0v]
12.
Badly preserved.
1,
Letronne's readings
In Coptic.
possibly
Line
"Lord God."
Line
2,
ICA..S.K.
.
13. KaWoi)i>
14. [.4u\]o[uT]pa\i7s
(?)
irapeyei'o[ju,iji/]
By two
27. AKOvpaTo\^<;^
?
different hands.
" Aulutrales
16. y4iroXXcoj'[ios]
(?)
"
16. 17.
18.
e
JZroXejU.ato[s]
29. ^TTapraKos o
.
Bpofjiev<s
(T0US) iC
Tv[^L
.]
AXe^avBpov
30. jrro\e|u,[aios]
Sci)Tiov[o?\ ?
(Forms the second half of Letronne, p. 457, No. 513 Franz, p. 1,190, No. A,105k).
;
ZTjVoSciipO'S
XOLO^
l^
No. 508
Franz, p. 1,190,
ApLaTo/jLCVT]!;
No. 4,7056
Sayce).
.
E
19.
.
poSeV
VITTOTOV
(EtoUs) tS AlO-^pUtiV
line.
Xo
.
TOV yoaif
6eov
(erow?)
tS
I cannot
make out
the third
evXoyo)
TOV
Oeov ?
SwTOS 0/oaif
MeaopL K^
Sayce only gives the first line and joins
it
We
with No.
32.
vo[ho\v deov.
rect, the
Mao(f>i ?
this
known
at
any
32.
from
two
Graeco
Jewish
graffiti
certainty.
Perhaps
IlacocjyL ?
21. 'Bavd[o']?
IlTo\ep.a.iov
p.
1,1<;1,
No. 4,705^,
and A,10bd).
No. 4,705jo).
^iXivov TapavTivo<s
....
(erou?) id AXe^avSpo<;
came
Cf,
here."
TlToXe/JLaiov
Thracian names,
23. Av\ovleKiJ.is
No. 36.
36
33. Si\l3avos
34. Indeciplierable.
35. (Letronue, p. 458,
Line 2
:$ev0r)q
Cf.
p. 1,190,
No. 39.
49
UroXe/xaiog
iqKw
No. 4705?
Mvtjaideo? Jwyaiew?
Niffo/xa^os ncrojScravvos
apa.
The name
tion of the
ITcro/So-avi'os is
interesting
transcrip-
as being a far
more accurate
HpaKXas
53.
KaXXias Ep[iaLOv{?)
^77oXXftJI'to[s]
Manetho's
36.
5'eu^ijs
Cf.
No. 519
Franz, p. 1,190,
No. 518
Franz,
p. 1,190,
No. 4,705e).
flToXXas
SapaTTLCov
. . .
No. 4,705m).
rjKO)
?).
(cTovs)
XoiaK
. . .
ty
?
56. (Sayce,
No. 4
38. AiddioKko
SapOLVKtiV
39. 5'ira/3TaKos
f iXiepyous
wSe
Cf.
No. 48.
;
59. Alovvctioi;
Franz,
p. 1,190,
From
very
No. 4,705A;
MrjvoifiiXo';
little
is
sadly
eXdov
rjXdov)
mutilated.
" Father,
begins
with
an
invocation
the
41. KpiTLa<;
Son,
.
and
Holy
Ghost,
Holy
A ioi'ucrioSco[pos]
42.
iy^TQV<i) i^
Trinity
."
UtoX.
pov nvppLa<;TarjTO<;
"
to
pray
"
epaaTT)^.
Perhaps
Ka/3aSoKo<;
[ejrai/joy
The ink
1.
43.
(Sayce, No.
A^pafxo<i
8).
rjKO)
2.
startling.
;
The prenomen of Amenhotep III. and 4 show what may be the same name.
. .
.
Franz, p. 1,190,
5.
dm?
No. 4705c).
(eroKs) tS AuTXpioyv
JioT/je^ijs (?)
6. 8. 9.
Ta^ft)OTi?s(?)
Tevo)p[i,]<;
.
. .
XKlcov
Cf,
No. 12.
"Ptolemy"
Text,
ii.,
in Demotic.
p. 139.
Published L. D.
45
ewXoya)
Toi/ [^eoj' ?]
;
10.
Opve
....
(?)
Franz,
p. 1,190,
11.
BiKm
Cf.
No.
13.
No. 4.705o).
llroXe/xaios 0atTO5
IlToXejLiaiDs
12. Alovvo-m,
Teuw/ois,
HpaiaKos,
Safiei,v\_o{\,
HpaK\a[^^
[A']ya6oi)v{?), Ai.ov[ya-La]
oas
This
ii.,
last
name pub-
lished L. B. Text,
p. 139.
The
graffiti
THE GRAFFITI.
AvKa<; (twice) and probably Tvwpi<s, as in Nos. 8 and 12.
easiest
37
Note.
A considerable
of Thracian
as
names
in
Egypt
is
to regard
them
collection of Thracian
names
is
of the
538
seqq.
Several of
Etudes Anciennes,
of our graffiti
B.C.,
.1904,
157-160).
Most
them occur
may
well be of the
2nd century
date.
The
Roman
38
INDEX.
Ahmes, career
,,
of
Carter, Mr.
24
3, 4, 21,
1, 2,
figures of
titles of
28 30
28 16
Cartouches
Ceilings
,,
27, 32, 33
6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 16, 27, 28,
....
M.
.
26
26, 27
xi
.
Akhenaten
depicted
Champollion
" Chancellor, Eoyal
affectionate nature of
his relations with his parents
33
xi
Chassinat,
prayers to
statues of
18, 19, 32
Chariots
28 27
30
33 16
20-25
4, 7, 8, 9,
Colonnaded courts
8, 13,
1, 2, 3,
20, 22, 23
Akhbtaten
,,
13, 14, 15
ruins of
29 29 36
Columns
1, 2, 3
.
Altars
12, 21,
25,'
Amenhetep
,,
Neb-maat-ra)
Co-regency suggested
Corridors
statues of
21, 22, 23
7, 9, 11, 12,
.
Animals depicted
28
7
Dado scenes
Dancing
Date
,,
Ankhes-en-pa-aten
Anubis, figures of
Architecture of tombs
Artists,
.
3, 1, 2, 3,
36
.... ....
. .
30 12 30
11,
of
tombs
26, 27
of graf&ti
.
1,26
37
9
Egyptian
28
,,
recorded
14
Decorative designs
.
9, 11, 12,
.
24
1, 2,
13, 26, 27
.
Aten depicted
5, 16,
9, 15,
30 26
32
,,
drapery
4, 3,
Deir
el
determinatives of
24
Doorways, form
Dress illustrated
prayers to
offerings to
1, 2, 3, 4,
Draughtsmanship, Egyptian
29 24
14 31 13
30 27
temple of
titulary of
8,
19-26, 27, 28
8,
.
4, 6, 8, 11, 21,
.
By
Auta
Ay, scenes in tomb of
Earlier period at El
Amarna
31
30,
Erbkam
Balance depicted
.
....
.
27
.
24, 25
9, 11,
Ethiopians depicted
False Doors
12, 13,
5, 29,
30
29
30
xi
3,27
hand
of the
King
"
''
27,33
13,
.
6,
10
Lord
of the
Two Lands
of the
19
9
5,
Fishing, scenes of
" Follower of the feet of the
Lord
Two Lands
"
Burial customs
,,
4,16
,
6, 19, 32,
33
shafts
4, 16,
.
26
19
17
Foreigners
6, 10,
28 36
Burnaburias, King
^"anz
Fretwork
Canopio jars
........
34, 35,
3 30
34, 35, 36
Cappadocian name
36
Graffiti,
Coptic
INDEX.
Grafi&ti,
39
Demotic
40
INDEX.
22, 23
.
Screening walls
" Scribe of the house of recreation " Scribe of the
"
Temple, ruins
,,
of
14
32 6
6,
identification of parts of
19-25
King
Thracian names
Transcription of Egyptian
35,37
Shasu
names
.
19
13
Shaven head
Shrines
Slaves
29
11
9, 11,
12
Trumpeter
Tursha
,,
....
.
.
8,28
.
29 27 29
TuY
4,16
5, 6, 7, 8, 4, 5, 15,
Tyi depicted
,,
15 16
15
Osirian
royal
.
10,24
14, 20, 22, 23, 24, 28,
.
political attitude of
,,
residence of
statues of
.
,,
with altars
22, 23, 24
22, 23, 24
23,
2,
22, 23, 24
.
,,
7, 8,
24
12, 19
of the
house
of
Akhenaten
"
.33
xi,
Ua-bn-ea
32
4
Steindorff, Professor
19, 27
Unhee
Unfinished designs
.
26
7, 8, 20, 23, 24,
26 12 12
Uraei
3, 11,
22
harem
of Tyi "
2, 6, 2, 6,
treasury of Tyi
Vases
Vestibule
.
30
22
Court-house
.33
31
Viands shown
4, 5, 6, 7, 16, 17,
30
32
Weapons
Tell el
Amarna
letters
.
19 29
Wilkinson
34
enrolled
8,
Temple, pictures of
8, 19-25, 27,
Workmen
14
...
INDEX.
Katullinus
.
41
Ptolemaios
42
(?),
Kokophos Kotus
Kritias
(?)
PtoUas
Purrias
55
42
12
. .
22, 36, p. 34
.
41
Sabinos
(?)
(p. 36)
Lukas
p.
37
Sarapion
55, 66
22, 34,
.
Lukomedes
Menandros
Menophilos
Mnesitheos
p.
34
Seuthes
Silbanos
.
36
33
26 40
35 57 35
36)
Sopater
(?)
.
37
Sotion (?)
30
48
36)
Spartakos Tathootes
Teuoris
(?)
Nikanor
(?)
(?)
8,
(p.
Nikomakos
Orne ....
Philierges
Theodoros
10
39,
.
(p.
Thais
46
48
.
Thoa
(?)
46
21
18
Philinos
32
Philonikos
.6,7
.
Xanthos
Zenodoros
Zoilos
Polunikos
Psobsannos
35
25
ST,
PLATES.
NOTE.
An
index to the passages in the text which are explanatory of the several plates
will
be found on pages
ix,
El Amarna
III.
TOMB OF HUYA.
'^//,//i'//^fM/j/////yf,^f((.
Plate
I.
^'//MfyMHi/^Mtjf^,.,j.
r
f-o.
Section on A.B.
'
Ky^Jy^yi^/^Ai^^yyyyiii^y'y^^^^
Scale 1
COLUMN-EAST
FACE.
Section on
CD.
Bank ef rubbi'vh
Longitudinal Section
Scale
i
96
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-EAST THICKNESS.
Plate
II.
Wut.
HYMN TO THE
Scale i
SUN.
Ek Amarna
111.
HUYA-WEST THICKNESS.
Plate
III.
Scale i
HYMN TO THE
SUN.
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-SOU-
TYI SITTING
Seale i
7
AT MEAT]
kLL,
EAST
SIDE.
Plate
IV.
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-SOUT
-a=
^z
^ y
;^
/
I
v
(7'/iis
LOWE
Scale
7
L,
EAST
SIDE.
"^^'^}
M
Jfy\
Hi
iM
11/
|i
J'i'
-^
^Ai
/./lll\^'
i)\
l/\l
MM
marked A and B
coinciding)
ITERS.
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-SQl
%
A
If
m^
"X
M i
A A
'
)o^^l
TYI ENTERTAINE
Scale I
1
\LL,
WEST
SIDE.
Plate
VI.
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-SOUTH
^JL
>|-^
'
'^_/\\ y
]
4
j/^
//I
^^
\.
:P
^^. /^
y/.
(I.
^i%At
f.
L'V
X\^
Scale i
WEST
WALL-it
y^^^^
WEST WALLS.
Plate
VII.
'\
V/
\(
(
1
(t-3 5<i
^ S
K't\
fe 'V
la
EST REGISTER.
E-LOWER REGISTERS.
El Amarna
III.
..~-:F'-
3T WALL.
Plate
VIII.
El Amarna
III.
AKHENATEN LEADING T
Scale
I
VALL.
Plate
IX.
/ITHIN
THE TEMPLE.
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-E/
^i^i'-^ir^ii^ii^ii-^ii-^ir-^ii"^!r-^ii--^ii^ii-^ii-Mi-~-ir^ii ^ii---iiS[E
/ALL.
Plate
X.
CO LU
D
I-
<
I-
W
LL
O
_l
< I
UJ
I H
--1I
^ \^\\^^\^ \J>^J>
\
\
\ \
-^^l>ll^ll^^ll^-^U^II--^ll^
ll
>^
^ir-^i
^i
'-^IN "^
"---
i^ ir^ii'-^ii^ii-^l'^l'-v.l.l'^ii'^iN
El Amarna
III.
HUY/
''^
llr^lLjI
VALL.
Plate
XI.
Ul
z I
CO
a:
m z z
lU
I
I-
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-
Scale i
VALL.
Plate
XII.
FERS.
^'
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-W
ALL.
Plate
Xlil.
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-\
<&^
BRINGING THE TR
Scale
\LL.
PLATE XIV.
OF THE NATIONS.
Amarna
III.
HUYA-WE
LOWER
Scale
\
RE
VALL.
Plate XV.
RS.
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-NORTH
WEST
SIDE.
Plate XVI.
O
z y
LU I-
I
>-
m Q UJ Q <
UJ
<
>:d
Vl
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-NORTH
.,
EAST
SIDE.
Plate XVII.
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HUYA-NORTH WALL.
Plate
XVIII.
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HUYA-DOORWAY OF
SHRINE.
Plate XIX.
Scale
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-SHRINE.
Plate XX.
WEST
Scale i.
8
THICKNESS.
EAST THICKNESS.
El Amarna
III.
Plate XXI.
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WALL,
E.
SIDE.
HALL-JAMBS OF
N.
DOOR.
S.
WALL, W. SIDE.
Seale i
El Amarna
III.
Plate XXII
Ill
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-SHRINE,
WEST WALL.
Plate
XXIII.
to
El Amarna
III.
HUYA-SHRINE,
N.
WALL.
Plate XXIV.
Sitting Statue
of Huya
Scale
i.
Eu Amarna
III.
FRAGMENTS.
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Plate XXV.
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Plate XXVI.
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El Amarna
III.
AHMES-FApADE.
Plate XXVII.
Unnlt
i.
1
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El Amarna
III.
AHMES-EAST THICKNESS.
Plate XXVIII.
El Amarna
III.
AHMES-WEST THICKNESS.
Plate XXIX.
Scale
HYMN TO THE
RISING SUN.
Eu Amarna
III.
AHME
THE
TEIV
Scale
jjI^WALL.
Plate XXX.
'E
THE ATEN.
El Amarna
AHMESIII.
Scale i
THE
iy/
tIwall.
Plate XX>
5^
ItrESCORT.
El Amarna
III.
AHMES-WEST WALL,
Plate XXXII.
*N
El Amarna
III.
AHMES-WEST WALL,
til
<
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I H
El Amarna
III.
AHMES-WEST
LL,
LOWER
HALF.
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0. UJ I-
Ml
AHMES-WEST
El Amarna
III.
/VER HALF.
Plate XXXIV.
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Plate XXXV.
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32
47
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El Amarna
III.
TOMB OF HUYA.
PLATE XXXVI.
UJ
Z z
CO
ui
X
UI
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El Amarna
III.
TOMB OF HUYA.
PLATE
XXXVII.
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III
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III.
TOMB OF AHMES.
PLATE XXXVIII.
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El amarna
III.
TOMB OF AHMES.
Plate XXXIX.
,--*?
4V'
In- ^'//i\
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4^
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Soldiers and
Trumpeter.
-ym
^,^-i\
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.%;''
Soldiers (continued).
QRrFFITH.
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Part I. For 1890-91. By Pekcy E. Newberry. With Tlans and Measurements of the Toniijs by G. W. Fbaser. 49 Plates
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