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    Friction Loss Table

    Uploaded by

    Karthikeyan Sankarrajan
    This document provides information about friction loss in pipes, including: - The four factors that determine friction loss are water velocity, pipe size, pipe roughness, and pipe length. Friction losses are cumulative over the length of the pipe. - A table shows estimated head loss per 100 feet of pipe for various pipe diameters and flow rates. - A section lists equivalent lengths of common pipe fittings in terms of added friction loss. - Charts provide examples of estimated friction loss based on pipe length, size, flow rate and velocity.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Friction Loss Table

    Uploaded by

    Karthikeyan Sankarrajan
    635 views6 pages
    This document provides information about friction loss in pipes, including: - The four factors that determine friction loss are water velocity, pipe size, pipe roughness, and pipe length. Friction losses are cumulative over the length of the pipe. - A table shows estimated head loss per 100 feet of pipe for various pipe diameters and flow rates. - A section lists equivalent lengths of common pipe fittings in terms of added friction loss. - Charts provide examples of estimated friction loss based on pipe length, size, flow rate and velocity.

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    This document provides information about friction loss in pipes, including: - The four factors that determine friction loss are water velocity, pipe size, pipe roughness, and pipe length. Friction losses are cumulative over the length of the pipe. - A table shows estimated head loss per 100 feet of pipe for various pipe diameters and flow rates. - A section lists equivalent lengths of common pipe fittings in terms of added friction loss. - Charts provide examples of estimated friction loss based on pipe length, size, flow rate and velocity.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    635 views6 pages

    Friction Loss Table

    Uploaded by

    Karthikeyan Sankarrajan
    This document provides information about friction loss in pipes, including: - The four factors that determine friction loss are water velocity, pipe size, pipe roughness, and pipe length. Friction losses are cumulative over the length of the pipe. - A table shows estimated head loss per 100 feet of pipe for various pipe diameters and flow rates. - A section lists equivalent lengths of common pipe fittings in terms of added friction loss. - Charts provide examples of estimated friction loss based on pipe length, size, flow rate and velocity.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 6

    Pacific Pump and Power

    91-503 Nukuawa Street


    Kapolei, Hawaii 96707
    Phone: (808) 672-8198 or (800) 975-5112
    Fax:
    (866) 424-0953
    Email: sales@pacificpumpandpower.com
    Web:
    www.pacificpumpandpower.com

    Pumps and Generators

    Rentals * Sales * Service * Operations


    (808) 672-8198

    TableofContents
    Friction Loss in Pipe
    FrictionLossinPipe..

    HeadLossper100FeetofPipeduetoFrictionLoss.

    FrictionLossinPipeFittings

    FrictionLossEstimatesbasedonPipeLengths.

    ResistanceofFittingstoFlowofFluidsinEquivalentLengthofPipe...

    Di l i
    Disclaimer
    Pacific Pump and Power Inc. accepts no responsibility for any losses or damage or
    other matters arising from the use of this information. The use of information
    and advice contained is used solely at the risk of the user.

    Friction Loss in Pipe


    Losses Due to Friction
    As water moves through the pumping system, pressure losses occur due to water contact with
    pipes, valves, and fittings. The four factors that determine friction losses in pipe are:
    1. The velocity of the water: Water velocity is measured in feet per second. As velocity
    increases, pressure losses increase. Velocity is directly related to flow rate. An increase or
    decrease in flow rate will result in a corresponding increase or decrease in velocity.
    2. The size (inside diameter) of the pipe: Smaller pipe causes a greater proportion of the
    water to be in contact with the pipe, which creates friction. Pipe size also affects velocity.
    Given a constant flow rate, decreasing pipe size increases the waters velocity, which
    increases friction.
    3. The roughness of the inside of the pipe: Pipe inside wall roughness is rated by a C
    factor, which is provided by the manufacturer. The lower the C value, the rougher the inside
    and the more pressure loss due to friction.
    4. The length of the pipe: The friction losses are cumulative as the water travels through the
    length of pipe. The greater the distance, the greater the friction losses will be.

    Losses Due to Elevation Change


    Water pressure can be expressed as either psi (pounds of pressure per square inch) or feet
    of head. A column of water 1 foot high exerts 0.433 psi at the bottom and therefore 1 psi is
    equivalent to 2.31 feet of head. This means that for every foot of elevation change from the
    pump to the discharge point, the corresponding change in pressure will be 0.433 psi.
    Fresh Water
    1 foot of head = 0.433 psi
    1.0 psi = 2.31 feet of head

    Salt Water
    1 foot of head = 0.444 psi
    1.0 psi = 2.25 feet of head

    Page 1

    Friction Loss Table


    Head Loss / 100 Feet Pipe Due to Friction (C = 150)
    Flow (GPM)
    0.5
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    10
    15
    20
    30
    40
    50
    60
    70
    80
    90
    100
    150
    200
    250
    300
    400
    500
    600
    700
    800
    900
    1000
    1200
    1500
    2000
    3000
    4000
    5000

    "
    0.8
    2.9
    10.5
    22.2
    37.9
    57.2

    "
    0.1
    0.4
    1.5
    3.1
    5.3
    7.9
    28.6
    60.6

    C = 150 for High Density Polyethylene Pipe (HDPE)


    Pipe Diameter (Inch)
    1"
    1-" 1-"
    2"
    2-"
    3"
    4"
    5"
    0.1
    0.4
    0.8
    1.3
    2.0
    7.1
    14.9
    25.4
    53.8
    91.7

    0.1
    0.3
    0.4
    0.7
    2.4
    5.0
    8.6
    18.2
    30.9
    46.7
    65.5
    87.1

    0.1
    0.2
    0.3
    1.0
    2.1
    3.5
    7.5
    12.7
    19.2
    26.9
    35.8
    45.9
    57.0
    69.3

    0.1
    0.2
    0.5
    0.9
    1.8
    3.1
    4.7
    6.6
    8.8
    11.3
    14.1
    17.1
    36.1
    61.6
    93.0

    0.1
    0.2
    0.3
    0.6
    1.1
    1.6
    2.2
    3.0
    3.8
    4.7
    5.8
    12.2
    20.8
    31.4
    44.0
    74.8

    0.1
    0.1
    0.3
    0.4
    0.7
    0.9
    1.2
    1.6
    2.0
    2.4
    5.0
    8.5
    12.9
    18.1
    30.8
    46.5
    65.2
    86.7

    0.1
    0.1
    0.2
    0.2
    0.3
    0.4
    0.5
    0.6
    1.2
    2.1
    3.2
    4.5
    7.6
    11.5
    16.1
    21.4
    27.4
    34.0
    41.3
    57.9
    87.5

    0.1
    0.1
    0.1
    0.1
    0.2
    0.2
    0.4
    0.7
    1.1
    1.5
    2.6
    3.9
    5.4
    7.2
    9.2
    11.5
    13.9
    19.5
    29.5
    50.3

    6"

    0.1
    0.1
    0.1
    0.2
    0.3
    0.4
    0.6
    1.1
    1.6
    2.2
    3.0
    3.8
    4.7
    5.7
    8.0
    12.1
    20.7
    43.8
    74.6

    8"

    10"

    12"

    0.1
    0.1
    0.2
    0.3
    0.4
    0.5
    0.7
    0.9
    1.2
    1.4
    2.0
    3.0
    5.1
    10.8
    18.4
    27.8

    0.1
    0.1
    0.1
    0.2
    0.2
    0.3
    0.4
    0.5
    0.7
    1.0
    1.7
    3.6
    6.2
    9.4

    0.1
    0.1
    0.1
    0.1
    0.2
    0.2
    0.3
    0.4
    0.7
    1.5
    2.6
    3.9

    Notes:
    1. Values shown above are used in the Hazen-Williams Equation for flow in pipes.
    Feet of head loss values shown in the tables were developed using the
    Hazen-Williams equation.
    2. Feet of head loss values are subject to the following conditions:
    a) Pipes carrying clear water at approximately 60 F (15.6 C).
    b) Pipes are flowing full.
    c) Velocities of water are generally less than 10 feet per second.
    Note: HDPE is commonly sized by outside diameter. If in doubt, use the next smaller pipe size.

    Page 2

    Friction Loss in Pipe Fittings


    Steel/Copper
    Equivalent feet of pipe caused by joint @ diam. Inch
    Fitting

    1
    1- 1-
    2
    2-
    90 Std Elbow
    1.6
    2.1
    2.6
    3.5
    4.0
    5.5
    6.2
    90 Long Elbow
    1.0
    1.4
    1.7
    2.3
    2.7
    4.3
    5.1
    90 Street Elbow
    3.0
    3.4
    4.4
    5.8
    6.7
    8.6
    10.3
    45 Std Elbow
    0.8
    1.1
    1.4
    1.8
    2.1
    2.8
    3.3
    45 Street Elbow
    1.0
    1.8
    2.3
    3.0
    3.5
    4.5
    5.4
    Square Elbow
    3.0
    3.9
    5.0
    6.5
    7.6
    9.8
    11.7
    Std T Flow Run
    1.0
    1.4
    1.7
    2.3
    2.7
    4.3
    5.1
    Std T Flow Branch
    4.0
    5.1
    6.0
    6.9
    8.1
    12.0 14.3
    Gate Valve - Open
    0.7
    0.9
    1.1
    1.5
    1.7
    2.2
    2.7
    Equivalent feet of pipe caused by joint @ diam. Inch
    Plastic
    Fitting

    1
    1- 1-
    2
    90 Std Elbow
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    Std T Flow Run
    4
    4
    4
    5
    6
    7
    Std T Flow Branch
    7
    8
    9
    12
    13
    17

    Page 3

    2-
    10
    8
    20

    Friction Loss Estimates based on Pipe Lengths


    Note: Determine total run of hose/pipe in pumping system and calculate friction loss
    at a given flow rate. Add Friction Loss in head feet to vertical elevation from suction
    point to discharge point to determine total dynamic head.

    Flow
    100
    200
    300
    400
    400
    500
    600
    700
    800
    800
    900
    900
    1000
    1000
    1100
    1200
    1300
    1400
    1500
    1600
    1800
    1800
    2000
    2000
    2500
    3000
    3500
    4000

    Hose Size
    4"
    4"
    4"
    4"
    6"
    6"
    6
    6"
    6"
    6"
    8"
    6"
    8"
    6"
    8"
    8"
    8"
    8"
    8"
    8"
    8"
    8"
    12"
    8"
    12"
    12"
    12"
    12
    12"
    12"

    Velocity
    2.5' / sec
    5.0' / sec
    7.6' / sec
    10.1' / sec
    4.4' / sec
    5 6' / sec
    5.6
    6.7' / sec
    7.8' / sec
    8.9' / sec
    5.1' / sec
    10.0' / sec
    5.8' / sec
    11.1'
    11 1' / sec
    6.4' / sec
    7.0' / sec
    7.7' / sec
    8.3' / sec
    9.0' / sec
    9.6' / sec
    10.3' / sec
    11.5' / sec
    5.1' / sec
    12.8' / sec
    5.7' / sec
    7.1' / sec
    8.5'
    8.5 / sec
    9.9' / sec
    11.4' / sec

    100'
    0.8'
    2.9'
    6.1'
    10.4'
    1.4'
    2 2'
    2.2
    3.1'
    4.1'
    5.2'
    1.3'
    6.6'
    1.6'
    7.8'
    7 8'
    2.0'
    2.3'
    2.7'
    3.1'
    3.6'
    4.1'
    4.7'
    5.6'
    0.8'
    7.0'
    0.9'
    1.5'
    2.1'
    2.1
    2.7'
    3.5'

    500'
    4'
    14.5'
    30.5'
    52'
    11
    11'
    15.5'
    20.5'
    26'

    1000'
    8'
    29'
    61'
    104'
    14'
    22'
    22
    31'
    41'
    52'

    1500'
    12'
    43.5'
    91.5'
    156'
    21'
    33'
    33
    46.5'
    61.5'
    78'

    33'

    66'

    99'

    39'

    78'

    11.5'
    13.5'
    15.5'
    18'
    20.5'
    23.5'
    28'

    23'
    27'
    31'
    36'
    41'
    47'
    56'

    117'
    30'
    34.5'
    40.5'
    46.5'
    54'
    61.5'
    70.5'
    84'

    35'

    70'

    7.5'
    10.5'
    10.5
    13.5'
    17.5'

    15'
    21'
    21
    27'
    35'

    105'
    13.5'
    22.5'
    31.5'
    31.5
    40.5'
    52.5'

    Note:
    Numbers in bold and italics represent dynamic head levels that exceed pump
    pump capabilities at that flow.

    Page 4

    2000'
    16'
    58'
    122'
    208'
    28'
    44'
    44
    62'
    82'
    104'
    26'
    132'
    32'
    156'
    40'
    46'
    54'
    62'
    72'
    82'
    94'
    112'
    16'
    140'
    18'
    30'
    42'
    42
    54'
    70'

    Page 5

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