Date____________________

Name_______________________

Major and Perfect Interval Basics

Intervals which occur between the tonic note of a scale and each degree of that scale may be described as
perfect (P) or major (M).
P1

M2

Perfect Unison Major 2nd

unison

M3

P4

Major 3rd

Perfect 4th

P5

M6

M7

Major 6th

Major 7th

Perfect 5th

P8

2 whole steps 2 1/2 whole steps 3 1/2 whole steps 4 1/2 whole steps 5 1/2 whole steps

1 whole step

Perfect Octave

6 whole steps

________________________________________________________________________________
Name each interval. Make sure to indicate if it is major (M) or perfect (P).
Examples

M3

P5

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

P4

___

___

___

___

M2

___

___

___

___

___

M3

___

___

___

___

___

___

M6

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

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Minor Interval Basics

m3

M3

Major 3rd

A minor interval is created by decreasing

a major interval by 1/2 step.

m2

minor 2nd

1 half step

Examples

m3

M3

minor 3rd

Major 3rd

minor 3rd

M2

m3

M3

m6

M6

m7

M7

Major 2nd

minor 3rd

Major 3rd

minor 6th

Major 6th

minor 7th

Major 7th

2 whole steps

1 whole step

1-1/2 whole steps

4 whole steps 4-1/2 whole steps 5 whole steps 5-1/2 whole steps

________________________________________________________________________________
Name each interval. Make sure to indicate if it is major (M) or minor (m).
Examples

m3

___

___

___

M6

___

___

___

___

___

m6

m3

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

m2

m7

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

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Diminished Interval Basics

dim 3

m3
A diminished interval is created by
decreasing a perfect interval or a minor
interval by 1/2 step.

dim 2

unison

dim 3

1 whole step

minor 3rd

Examples

dim 4

2 whole steps

diminished 3rd

dim 5

dim 5

3-1/2 whole steps

4-1/2 whole steps

dim 8

dim 7

dim 6

3 whole steps

P5

Perfect 5th diminished 5th

5-1/2 whole steps

________________________________________________________________________________
Name each interval. Make sure to indicate if it is diminished (dim), perfect (P) or minor (m).
Examples

dim 5

___

___

___

___

P4

___

___

___

___

dim 8

dim 3

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

m2

dim 6

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

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Augmented Interval Basics

M3
An augmented interval is created by
increasing a perfect interval or a major
interval by 1/2 step.
aug 1

1 half step

aug 2

Examples

aug 3

aug 4

1-1/2 whole steps 2-1/2 whole steps 3 whole steps

4 whole steps

aug 6

Perfect 5th augmented 5th

aug 5

aug 5

P5

aug 3

Major 3rd augmented 3rd

aug 7

5 whole steps

6 whole steps

aug 8

6-1/2 whole steps

________________________________________________________________________________
Name each interval. Make sure to indicate if it is augmented (aug), perfect (P) or Major (M).

P5

___

___

___

___

aug 5

___

aug 4

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

aug 1

___

aug 8

___

___

___

P4

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

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Intervals I
In music, an interval is the distance between two notes.
A melodic interval is the distance between two notes shich are played one at a time.
A harmonic interval is the distance between two notes which are played at the same time.
Melodic Intervals

3rd

2nd

Harmonic Intervals
2nd

The interval between two

identical notes is called
a unison.

3rd

6th

5th

4th

4th

5th

7th

6th

The interval of an
eighth is called an
octave.

unison

7th

octave

(8th)
________________________________________________________________________________

1. Identify the following intervals as melodic (M) or harmonic (H).

___

2. Name these melodic intervals.

5th

unison

___

___

3. Name these harmonic intervals.

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

4. Write the indicated harmonic interval above the given note.

5th

3rd

unison

5th

4th

octave

2nd

5. Write the indicated harmonic interval above the given note.

3rd

6th

unison

___

___

___

___

___

___

4th

5th

7th

octave

___

___

___

7th

4th

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Intervals II
Use this chart to help complete the exercises below.

unison

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

6th

7th

octave

________________________________________________________________________________

1. Name these harmonic intervals.

___

___

___

2. Name these melodic intervals.

___

___

___

3. Name these intervals.

___

___

___

___

___

2nd

3rd

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

4. Write the indicated harmonic interval above the given note.

unison

6th

5. Write the indicated harmonic interval below the given note.

4th

5th

3rd

unison

6. Write the indicated harmonic interval above the given note.

octave

3rd

7th

5th

octave

2nd

3rd

3rd

6th

6th

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Intervals III

Identify the intervals used in these exercises.

Name the melodic intervals used in the treble clef
and the harmonic intervals used in the bass clef.

3rd 3rd

3rd

2nd

3rd

3rd

2nd

6th

3rd

________________________________________________________________________________

1.

___
___

___

___

___

2.

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

___

3.

4.

___

___

___

___

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Elements of Music: 0030

Half Steps and Whole Steps I

The half step (H) is the smallest interval used in
traditional Western music. The piano keyboard is
arranged in half steps; the distance between two
adjacent keys on the piano is a half step.
H H

H H

The whole step (W) is an interval made by combining

two half steps.
W

H H

H H

________________________________________________________________________________
Using the keyboards below, write the interval (whole step or half step) that is created by the Os.
1. ___________________

3. ___________________

5. ___________________

2. ___________________

4. ___________________

6. ___________________

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Half Steps and Whole Steps II

Example: 2 whole steps

Using the keyboards below, write the interval in

whole step and half steps that is created by the Os.

________________________________________________________________________________

1. ___________________

3. ___________________

5. ___________________

2. ___________________

4. ___________________

6. ___________________

7. ___________________

8. ___________________

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Major, Minor and Perfect Intervals I

Name these intervals.
Example

Use "M" for major intervals,

"m" for minor intervals and
"P" for perfect intervals.

P5

________________________________________________________________________________

_____

10

14

_____

18

11

15

12

16

23

_____

_____

_____

_____

20

_____

_____

_____

19

_____

_____

_____

22

_____

_____

_____

21

_____

_____

17

_____

_____

_____

13

_____

_____

_____

24

_____

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Major, Minor and Perfect Intervals II

Name these intervals.
Example

Use "M" for major intervals,

"m" for minor intervals and

M3

________________________________________________________________________________

_____

10

22

15

19

_____

12

16

20

_____

_____

_____

_____

23

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

18

_____

11

14

_____

_____

_____

21

_____

_____

17

_____

13

_____

_____

_____

24

_____

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Major, Minor and Perfect Intervals III

Name these intervals.
Example

Use "M" for major intervals,

"m" for minor intervals and

m3

________________________________________________________________________________

_____

10

18

_____

15

_____

22

_____

12

_____

_____

16

_____

20

_____

23

_____

_____

19

_____

_____

_____

_____

11

14

_____

21

_____

_____

_____

17

_____

_____

13

_____

_____

_____

24

_____

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Major, Minor and Perfect Intervals IV

Write the note above the given note which
completes the interval.

Example

m6

________________________________________________________________________________

m3

P5

M3

m3

13

17

M7

21

M6

P8

14

m6

22

P8

m7

M7

12

P5

16

20

P4

m7

m2

M3

24

23

m6

M6

19

15

P4

18

M6

P4

11

M6

10

M2

M3

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Major, Minor and Perfect Intervals V

Write the note above the given note which
completes the interval.

Example

M7

________________________________________________________________________________

M6

M7

10

M3

13

P4

17

m6

18

m6

M7

22

M7

M3

19

P4

16

M7

M3

m6

m2

12

P8

m7

11

23

P4

15

14

m7

M2

M6

21

m3

P4

20

m6

24

M6

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Major, Minor and Perfect Intervals VI

Write the note above the given note which
completes the interval.

Example

P4

________________________________________________________________________________

m7

m3

13

m6

m7

14

P4

11

19

22

23

m2

m6

M7

M3

M2

15

M7

18

M7

m6

17

21

10

P5

P4

m6

m7

M6

12

m7

16

M3

20

m7

M7

24

m3

M3

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Chromatic Intervals I
(Major, Minor, Perfect, Augmented and Diminished Intervals)
Name these intervals.

Use "M" for major intervals,

Example
"m" for minor intervals,
"P" for perfect intervals,
dim 5
"dim" for diminished intervals and
"Aug" for augmented intervals.
________________________________________________________________________________

_____

_____

19

23

_____

12

16

_____

20

24

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

22

_____

_____

_____

_____

15

18

_____

_____

14

11

10

_____

21

_____

_____

17

_____

13

_____

_____

_____

_____

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Chromatic Intervals II
(Major, Minor, Perfect, Augmented and Diminished Intervals)
Name these intervals.

Use "M" for major intervals,

Example
"m" for minor intervals,
"P" for perfect intervals,
Aug 5th
"dim" for diminished intervals and
"Aug" for augmented intervals.
________________________________________________________________________________

_____

10

22

11

_____

15

_____

19

12

_____

_____

16

_____

20

_____

23

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

18

_____

14

_____

21

_____

_____

17

_____

_____

_____

13

_____

_____

_____

24

_____

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Chromatic Intervals III

(Major, Minor, Perfect, Augmented and Diminished Intervals)
Name these intervals.

Use "M" for major intervals,

Example
"m" for minor intervals,
"P" for perfect intervals,
dim 7
"dim" for diminished intervals and
"Aug" for augmented intervals.
________________________________________________________________________________

_____

10

14

18

_____

11

19

23

15

_____

12

_____

_____

16

_____

20

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

22

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

21

_____

_____

17

_____

13

_____

_____

_____

24

_____

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Chromatic Intervals IV
(Major, Minor, Perfect, Augmented and Diminished Intervals)
Write the note above the given note which
completes the interval.

Example

Aug 5
________________________________________________________________________________

M6

13

M2

17

10

P4

Aug 5

14

18

M3

21

dim 4

M3

M7

m3

Aug 4

22

M2

m7

11

15

m6

19

23

dim 5

P8

M6

m3

m2

12

M6

16

m7

20

P5

m3

Aug 8

24

M3

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Chromatic Intervals V
(Major, Minor, Perfect, Augmented and Diminished Intervals)
Complete these intervals by writing a note
above the given note.

Example

dim 7
________________________________________________________________________________

M3

Aug 3

10

Aug 5

dim 5

13

M7

17

21

m7

Aug 2

18

22

M6

11

15

19

dim 6

23

M7

Aug 7

12

Aug 5

dim 7

dim 4

16

20

dim 3

dim 8

m6

m6

Aug 5

M3

m7

14

P4

Aug 6

24

M6

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Chromatic Intervals VI
(Major, Minor, Perfect, Augmented and Diminished Intervals)
Write the note above the given note which
completes the interval.

Example

Aug 3
________________________________________________________________________________

13

17

10

14

Aug 3

m7

Aug 5

18

m7

M6

11

Aug 8

12

23

Aug 6

dim 2

Aug 4

m3

16

P4

M6

m3

19

15

Aug 2

22

Aug 7

m6

dim 8

P5

21

P4

dim 4

m7

dim 5

20

24

M7

dim 3

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The Circle of Fifths I

The Circle of Fifths diagram shows the
clockwise arrangement of major keys
in an order of ascending fifths
for sharp key signatures.
With each added sharp
the key advances five
F
letter names and the

tonic moves up a
perfect fifth.
Flat keys are
presented in
an order of
descending
fifths. With
each added
E
flat the key
moves back
five letter
names and
the tonic moves
down a perfect fifth.

SHA
R

PS

TS
FLA

G
F

________________________________________________________________________________
1. Write the flats in the order in which they are added as you go around the circle of fifths.
B _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
2. Write the sharps in the order in which they are added as you go around the circle of fifths.
F

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

3. Write the names of the keys with sharps in order as they appear on the circle of fifths.
G _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
4. Write the names of the keys with flats in order as they appear on the circle of fifths.
F

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

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The Circle of Fifths II

Complete the circle of fifths by writing the names of the missing keys.
________________________________________________________________________________

SHA
RPS

TS
FL A

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

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The Circle of Fifths III

Complete the circle of fifths by adding the missing key signatures.
________________________________________________________________________________

SHA
R

PS

TS
FLA

F
B

G
F

E
C

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The Circle of Fifths IV

Complete the circle of fifths by writing in the names of the missing keys and their missing key signatures.
________________________________________________________________________________

SHAR

PS

TS
FLA

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__
__

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