[edit] Nouns and adjectives

The citation form for nouns (the one normally shown in Latin dictionaries) is the Latin nominative singular, but this typically does not exhibit the root form from which English nouns are generally derived. Latin nouns and adjectives Citation form acerbus actum aedificium alacer albus alius anima animus annus nser aqua audx auris avis bellum brachium bonus melior optimus bs butyrum calx canis capillus cervx cvis clvicula cor coninx Declining stem acerbactaedificialacralbalianimanimannnseraquaudcauravibellbracbon melior optimbovbutyrcalccancapillcervccvclviculcorconiugMeaning bitter vinegar building quick white other soul, life mind, anger year goose water brave, bold ear bird war arm, support good better best cow, ox butter pebble dog hair neck citizen little key heart spouse English derivative acerbic acetic edifice alacrity albino, album alias, alien animal, animate animosity annual, annuity anserine aquamarine, aquatic, aquarium, aqueduct audacious aural avian, aviary antebellum, bellicose, belligerence, rebel embrace, braces, bracelet bonus ameliorate optimist bovine butyric calculus, calculation canid, canine capillaries cervical, cervix civil, civilian clavicle cordial, accord, courage conjugal

corn deus dis digitus discipulus dominus domus equus falx fls flix fmina fenestra flius fnis fls folium frma fors fortis frter frns frx fmus genus gubernat hom ignis nsula idex is lac lacrima lx lingua lna lupus

corndedidigitdiscipuldomindomequfalcflflicfminfenestrflifniflrfolifrmfortfortfrtrfrontfrgfmgenguberhominignnsulidicirlac lacrimlglingulnlup-

horn god day finger, toe student lord house horse sickle cat happy woman window son limit flower leaf form, shape, beauty luck strength brother forehead fruit smoke birth, offspring, creation drive man (human being) fire island judge right, law milk tear law tongue moon wolf

Capricorn, unicorn deity, deification diary, quotidian digit, digital disciple dominion, dominate, domain domestic, domicile equestrian falcate feline felicity, felicitations feminine, effeminate defenestrate affiliation, filial final, infinite floral, florist foliage, folio, portfolio formal, information fortune, fortuitous effort, fortify, fortitude fraternity, fratricide front, frontal frugal fume, fumigation generation, genuine governor hominid ignite, ignition insulate, peninsula judge, judicial, adjudicate justice, jurisdiction lactose, lactate lachrymose legal, alleged bilingual, multilingual, linguistics, lingua franca lunar, lunatic lupine

magister magnus mior maximus malus peior pessimus manus mare mter medius mora morbus mortuus nihil nox oculus onus ovum pater pavmentum ps piscis prior prmus pulcher punctum rx rs semen semi seminarium sinister terra unda urbs ursus

magistrmagn mior maximmal peior pessim manumarmtrmedimormorbmortnihilnoctoculonerovpatrpavmentpedpiscprior prmpulchrpun(c)trgrrsemsemiseminsinistrterrundurburs-

master big bigger biggest bad worse worst hand, band of men sea mother middle, waist delay sickness dead nothing night eye load egg father ground foot fish former first beautiful point king farm seed half seed,breeding ground left land wave city bear

magistrate magnitude major maximum malevolence, malice, malignant pejorative pessimist manual, manuscript marine, maritime, ultramarine matter, matron, maternal media, medieval, medium, intermediate, immediate, mediocre moratorium morbid mortuary, moribund, morgue nil, nihilism, annihilate nocturnal inoculate, ocular exonerate, onus ovum patron, paternal pavement pedestrian pisces priority prime pulchritude punctuation, punctual, contrapuntal regal rural, rustic semen, seminal, disseminate semicolon, semiconductor, semiconscious, seminatural seminar, seminary sinister terrain, terrestrial, extraterrestrial undulate, inundate suburb, urban ursine

vehiculum vrus vlla vir vulps

vehiculvervillvirvulp-

wagon truth country house man (masculine) fox

vehicle, vehicular veracity, verify, verity village, villa virile vulpine

[edit] Verbs
In some Latin verbs, a preposition caused a vowel change in the root of the verb. For example, "capi" prefixed with "in" becomes "incipio". Latin verbs Perfect Participial Meaning stem stem

Citation Present form stem ag -igo ag-igal-ol-ulambulamapapiepiardararguaudaudaugavbibcad-cidcaed-cidcalcan-cin-

English derivatives action, agenda, agent, agility, agitate, ambiguous, castigate, coagulate, cogent, cogitate, exigent, fumigate, intransigent, litigate, navigate, purge, redact, retroactive adolescent, adult, alimentary, alimony, coalesce amble, ambulance, ambulatory amateur, enamor adapt, apt, inept ardent, ardor arid argue audible, audition augmentation avarice, avid imbibe accident, cadence, case, deciduous, incident concise, decision, excise, incision, precise calorie cantor, recant

eg-

ct-

do, drive

al ambul am ap arde are argu aude audi auge ave bib cad -cido caed cale can

alu-

alitalt-

nourish walk like, love fasten be on fire be dry

ambulav- ambulatamavamatapars arguausaudivauxbibcecidcecidcalucecinapt-eptars argutauditauctbibitcascaes-ciscant-cent-

hear increase drink fall cut be warm sing

capi -cipi care carp -cerpo cave cd cl -culo cen cern cie cing clm claud -cld clin cogit collig cnor coqu cub -cumb cupi curr dic d doce dole dormi dubit duc ed em -imo e err faci

capcarcarp-cerpcavcdcl-culcencerncicingclmclaud-cldclincogitcolligconcoqucub-cumbcupcurrdicddocdoldormdubitducedem-imeerrfac-

cep-cipcarucarpscavcesscelavcenavcrevcivcinxclmvclaus-

capt-ceptcaritcarpt-cerptcautcesscelat-cultcenatcretcitcinctclmt-

take lack pick, pluck

capable, captive, recipient, reception charity excerpt

beware caution, caveat, precaution yield, depart accede, excessive, recede, recession hide conceal, occult

claus-clsclinavclinatcogitav- cogitatcollegcollectconatcoxcoctcubucubat-cubu-cubitcupivcupitcucurr- cursdixdictdeddat-did-ditdocudoctdolui dolitdormiv- dormitdubitav- dubitatduxductedesemierravfecemptiterratfact-

dine separate, sift discern, discrete, excretion excitement, incite encircle, gird cincture, succinct acclamation, clamor, exclaim, call proclamation clause, conclude, exclusive, close occlusion, preclude lean inclination, recline think, ponder cogitate collect collect try conation cook concoct, decoction, precocious lie incubator, succubus lie incumbent, recumbence, succumb desire cupidity run current, recursion say diction, edict, prediction addendum, dative, editor, perdition, give tradition teach doctor grieve dolor, condolence sleep dormitory doubt indubitable lead conductor, deduce eat edible buy go stray make redeem, redemption ambition, exit, obituary, transit errant, erratic, erratum deficient, effective, facile, factory

-fici fave fend fer fg find fing fi flect fl flu for frang -fringo frige fruor fugi fund fungor gaude ger gradior -gredior gust habe -hibeo haere hal hauri hi iace iaci -ici irascor labor

favfendferfgfindfingfiflectflfluffrang-fringfrigfrufugfundfunggaudgergradi-gredigusthabe-hibehaerhal-helhaurihiiaciacirasclab-

-ficfavutulfxfidfinxflexflavflux fregfructfugfd gess gustavhabuhaeshalavhaushiaviacuiec(j)iciratlaps-

-fectfavitfensltfixfissfictflexflatfluxfatfractfugitfsfunctgavisgestgress-gressgustathabit-hibithaeshalathausthiatjacitjact-ject

favor defend, offensive conifer, difference, fertile, refer, bear, bring relate fix crucifixion cleave, split bifid, fission fashion, fiction invent be made bend deflect, reflex blow flatulence, inflate flow effluent, influx affable, fabulous, fame, fate, say, speak ineffable, infant break be cold enjoy flee pour do rejoice carry step taste have cling, stick breathe draw gape be thrown, lie throw be angry slide, slip fracture, infringe frigid fugitive, refugee effusive, fusion, refund fungible, function agger, digest, ingest egress, gradient, ingredient, progressive, transgression gustation, gustatory exhibit, habitual, inhibitory, prohibitive adhere, cohesion exhale, inhalation exhaust hiatus adjacent inject, projectile irascible, irate collapse, elapse, labile, relapse

laci -licio laud lav lg lib lig linqu loc luce luctor ld lu mane mn me merg misce mitt mol mone move narr nascor nat nec nect nsc -gnsc nunti di opt orior or palle

lac-liclaudlavlglibliglinquloclucluctldlumanmnmemergmiscmittmolmonmovnarrnascnatnecnectnsc-gnscnuntodoptoriorpall-

laudavlavlegavlibavligavliqulocavluxluctatlslumansmanavmeavmersmiscumsmolumonumovnarrav natavnecavnexunosc-

-lectlaudatlautlegatlibatligatlictlocat lslutmansmanatmeatmersmixtmissmolitmonitmotnarratnatgnatnatatnecatnexnt-gnt-, -gnit-

lure praise wash pour bind abandon place, put be light, shine wrestle play wash

delicious, elicit, illicit laud, laudable lavatory allege, delegate, relegation libation ligament, ligature, obligation derelict, relinquish allocate, location lucent, pellucid

reluctance collude, illusion, ludicrous dilute, pollution immanent, mansion, permanent, stay remain flow emanation go, pass permeate dip emerge, immerse mix admixture, mixture send commit, missive grind demolition, molar warn admonition, monitor, premonition move motion, motive, motor, move tell narrative, narrator agnate, innate, nascent, natal, be born prenatal float, swim natatorium kill enecate join, tie annex, connect, nexus know bring news of, announce hate choose rise speak be pale notable, cognitive announce, renunciation odious, odium adopt, opt abort, orient orator, perorate pallid, pallor

nuntiav- nuntiatoptav oravpalluoptatortorat-

pang -pingo pare pari par pate patior pell pende pend pet place -plice plac plang plaud -plod plect ple plic plr pn port pot precor

pang-pingparpar-perparpatpatpellpendpendpetplac-plicplacplangplaud-plodplectpleplic-

pepigparupeperparavpatupasspepulpependpetivplacuplacavplanxplausplexplevplicavploravposuportavpotavprecat-

pactparitpart-pertparatpuls penspetitplacit-plicitplacatplanctplaus-plosplexpletplicat-

fasten be ready

compact, impinge apparent, apparition biparous, vivipary

make ready prepare, reparation, separate be open patent passive, patient push propel, repulsion hang dependent, propensity compendium, dispense, expend, weigh pensive appetite, compete, impetus, petulant, seek, attack repetition please complacent, placid placate plangent clap plait fill fold put carry drink pray grasp push fight think applaud, explode, plausible complexity, perplex completion, deplete, plenary, replete, supplement complicate, duplication, multiplicand, replicate deplore, implore component, juxtaposition deport, portage, transportation potable deprecate, precarious apprehension, comprehend, prehensile, reprehensible imprimatur, oppress, pressure, repression impugn, pugnacious, repugnant compute, putative

plorpnportpotprecprehendprehend prendprem prem-prim -primpugn pugnput putquaer quaer-quiro -quirrapi rap-ripio -riprecordor record-

ploratpositportatpotatprehensprehendprenspresspugnavputavpress-

pugnatputatquaesitquaesiv-quisitraptrapu-reptrecorrecordat-

search, seek acquisition, inquire, perquisite, query rape, rapidity, rapture, surreptitious remember, record

recall reg -rigo ride rige rod rog rump sali -silio sc scrb sede -sideo senti sequor ser serp servi serv sist solv spir stern st stru suade sum sm su tace tang -tingo teg tend tene reg-rigriderigrodrogrumpsal-silsciscrbsede-sidesentisequserserpservservsistsolvspirsternststrusuadessumsutac-tictang-tingtegtendtenrexris rosrogavrupsaluscivscripssedsenssecutsum seruserpsservivservavstetsolvspiravstravstetstruxsuasfusumpssutacutetigtextetendtenurectris rosrogatruptsaltscitscrptsesssenscorrection, director, dirigible, incorrigible, rectitude laugh, smile derision, ridiculous be stiff rigid, rigor gnaw corrode, erosion, rodent ask abrogate, derogatory, interrogation break, burst eruption, interrupt, rupture keep straight jump know write sit feel follow sertserptservitservatstatsolutspiratstratstatstructsuasfutursumptsttacittacttecttenstentresilient, salient plebiscite, science describe, scripture, scribble insidious, reside, sedentary, sediment, session, supersede consensus, dissent, sentient consecutive, sequence desert, insertion, series serpent servile, servitude conservation, observant, preserve

crawl serve save cause to consistent, insist, persist, subsist stand loosen absolve, dissolve, solution breathe aspiration, inspire, respiration spread, strew prostrate, stratum constant, stable, stance, stationary, stand status construe, destruction dissuade, persuasion be essence, future take consumption, presume sew suture keep silent touch cover stretch have, hold reticent, tacit contact, contingent, tactile, tangent, tangible detect, integument, protect extend, tension continent, detention, maintain, retain,

-tineo ter tex time tinni trah tume utor vac vad vale veh vell veni vert vide vinc viv voc vol vol volv vor vove

-tintertextimtinntrahtumutvacvadvalvehvellvenvertvidvincvivvocvolvellvolvvorvov-

-tinutrivtexutimutinnivtraxtumuvacavvasvaluvexvulsvenvertvidvicvixvocavvolavvoluvolvvoravvov-

trittexttinnittractusvacatvasvalitvectvulsventversvsvictvictvocatvolat voltvoratvot-

sustain, tenet rub, wear attrition, contrite, detritus context, pretext, subtext, textile, weave texture be afraid timidity ring tinnitus abstract, detract, distract, extract, drag, draw protractor, retract, subtrahend, traction be swollen tumescent, tumid, tumor use use, utility be empty vacant, vacation go evade, invasion, pervasive be strong prevalent, valence, valid, valor carry convection, vector, vehicle convulse, revulsion come convene, prevention turn reverse, revert, version see provident, video, vision conquer, win convince, eviction, victory revive, victim, victorious, vivacity, live vivid call convocation, provocative fly volatile wish benevolent, malevolent, volition roll convolution, evolve, revolution swallow carnivore, devour, voracious vow votive

[edit] Prepositions used to form compound words

contr cum d disex, extr in nfr inter intr iuxt ob, obs paene per post prae praeter pr (re) s sub subter super supr trns ultr

against, opposite to together, with down from apart from, out of outside in, into below among, between within beside toward, against, in the way of, by reason of almost thorough, through after, behind before by, past for, in front of again, back apart, without from below, under, up to, close to beneath above, over above, more than across beyond

contra-, controcon-, co-, col-, com-, cordedis-, di-, dif-, direx-, e-, efextrain-, il-, im-, irinfrainter-, intelintra-, introjuxtaob-, oc-, of-, oppenperpostprepreterpro-, por-, prodre-, redse-, sedsub-, su-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sussubtersupersupratrans-, tra-, tranultra-