Massachusetts CDL Manual - Massachusetts CDL Handbook
Massachusetts CDL Manual - Massachusetts CDL Handbook
Massachusetts CDL Manual - Massachusetts CDL Handbook
00
Version 2.0
C
D
L
ommercial
river's
icense Manual
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Registry of Motor Vehicles
PO Box 55889
Boston, MA 02205
Copyright
The body of this document is copyrighted by the American Association of Motor Vehicle
Administrators (AAMVA), and is reprinted herein with their permission. Sections specific to
Massachusetts are property of the Massachusetts Registry of Motor Vehicles.
On October 26, 1986, Congress passed the Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986. This law required each State to
meet the same minimum standards for commercial driver licensing. The standards required commercial motor vehicle drivers
to get a Commercial Drivers License (CDL). You must have a CDL to operate any of the following Commercial Motor Ve
hicles (CMVs):
a)
A single vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of more than 26,000 pounds.
b)
A trailer with a GVWR of more than 10,000 pounds if the gross combination weight rating is more than 26,000
pounds.
c)
d)
To get a CDL, you must pass knowledge and skills tests. This manual will help you pass the tests.
Commercial Drivers License Tests
Knowledge Tests
You will have to take one or more knowledge tests to obtain your CDL permit, depending on what class of license and what
endorsements you need. The CDL knowledge tests include:
the General Knowledge Test, taken by all applicants (One hour - 50 questions)
the Passenger Transport Test, taken by all bus driver applicants (20 minutes - 20 questions)
the Air Brakes Test, which you must take if your vehicle has air brakes (25 minutes - 25 questions)
the Combination Vehicles Test, which is required if you want to drive combination vehicles (20 minutes - 20 questions)
the Hazardous Materials Test, required if you want to haul hazardous material or waste (30 minutes - 30 questions)
the Tanker Test, required if you want to haul liquids in bulk (20 minutes - 20 questions)
.
the Doubles/Triples Test, required if you want to pull double or triple trailers (20 minutes - 20 questions)
the School Bus Test, required if you want to transport pre-primary, primary, and secondary school students in a full-sized
"School Bus" (i.e., Big Yellow Bus)
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Preface/2.0
RELATED
ENDORSEMENTS
Double/Triple Trailers
HAZMAT
Tank Vehicles
Tank Vehicles with HAZMAT
Tank Vehicles
Tank Vehicles with HAZMAT
HAZMAT
Passenger Transport Vehicles
School Bus
Tank Vehicles
Tank Vehicles with HAZMAT
HAZMAT
Passenger Transport Vehicles
School Bus
The vehicle in which you will take the road skills test must meet the written description for that class. The above
vehicle silhouettes typify, but do not fully cover, the types of vehicles falling within each class.
If you wish to be licensed to drive a vehicle with air brakes, the vehicle in which you will be tested must be
equipped with air brakes.
To operate a school bus, drivers are required to obtain a specific certification from the Massachusetts Depart
ment of Public Utilities (see p. ix), in addition to the appropriate class and endorsement of CDL license.
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Preface/2.0
Nantucket**
New Bedford*
North Adams**
Pittsfield
Plymouth
Revere*
South Yarmouth*
Springfield*
Taunton*
Watertown*
Wilmington*
Worcester*
Hours and locations are subject to change without notice. Check www.massrmv.com for the most up-to-date list.
*These branches offer CDL knowledge tests from 10:00am until 4:00pm on Thursdays.
**Haverhill offers CDL knowledge tests from 8:00am until 2:00pm.
Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket offer CDL knowledge tests from 8:00am until 2:00pm, but are closed between
12:00pm and 1:00pm.
North Adams offers CDL knowledge tests from 9:00am until 3:00pm, but is closed between 1:00pm and 2:00pm.
Note: Depending on the number of endorsement tests you are taking, you may not have time to take all of them if you arrive
late in the day. Please allot your time accordingly.
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Preface/2.0
Identification Requirements
Age
Applicants may apply for a CDL beginning at age 18. However, Federal Regulations found at 49 CFR 391.11, state that a
license holder, including CDL holders, must be 21 years of age to drive a commercial motor vehicle in interstate commerce.
Therefore, CDL holders in Massachusetts under the age of 21 will be issued a K restriction, limiting them to travel within
Massachusetts.
Social Security Number
All CDL holders are required to provide a Social Security Number (SSN) under 49 CFR 383.153 to the Registry of Motor
Vehicles when applying for a CDL. This SSN will be verified through the Social Security Administration and processed as
part of an information package through the National Driver Register (NDR) and Commercial Driver License Information System
(CDLIS) to ensure that your current driving privileges are not under revocation or suspension elsewhere in the United States.
General Information
Residential Address
All applicants for a Massachusetts CDL must live and reside in Massachusetts as defined in 49 CFR 383.5. Your state of
domicile is defined as that State where a person has his/her true, fixed, and permanent home and principal residence and to
which he/she has the intention of returning whenever he/she is absent.
Required Information
Questions 4, 5, 6, and 7
Massachusetts is required to check for your previous states of licensure. This is to ensure that Massachusetts may receive
your complete driving record over your previous 10 years of licensure. Where you have listed your previous states of licen
sure, Massachusetts will inquire against those states databases to obtain your driving history. This is required under 49
CFR 383.73.
Question 8
Massachusetts drivers must be medically qualified to operate a motor vehicle. For a commercial motor vehicle, these
qualifications may be found under 49 CFR 391. For your convenience, the CDL Manual has a section on medical qualifica
tions and the DOT Medical Card found on page xiii of this CDL Manual.
Questions 13 and 14
Massachusetts drivers must certify under 49 CFR 383.71 that they are either qualified to operate in interstate commercial
driving (between states), or that they are only qualified to operate in intrastate commercial driving (exclusively within Massa
chusetts). If you answer No to question 13, then you agree that you are not qualified under federal regulation to operate a
commercial motor vehicle. If you then answer yes to question 14, that you are qualified under state regulation to operate a
commercial motor vehicle, then you will be issued a CDL with an intrastate restriction. If you are under 21, you will be
issued a CDL with the K restriction, limiting you to intrastate commerce. If you are not medically qualified, you must receive
a medical waiver from the Medical Affairs Branch and you will be issued a CDL with the W restriction, limiting you to intrast
ate commerce. If you answer no to both questions, you will not be granted a CDL. Those who wish to operate in interstate
commerce, or hold an unrestricted license, must answer Yes to question #13.
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Please read the following information before scheduling your road test.
Applicant Requirements
Applicants must meet all of the following requirements for a Class A, B, or C road test in order to be tested:
Have a valid CDL permit, with proper endorsements for the vehicle used.
Have a completed road test application. (If you answered YES to question 7, 8, or 10 on the road test
application, the application must be approved by an RMV branch manager or an authorized RMV employee
before the road test.)
Be on time for the skills test. If you are late, you will not be examined. If you must cancel or reschedule your
appointment with less than 72 hours notice, you will be responsible for the skills test fee.
Be accompanied by a sponsor who:
Is at least 21 years old.
Has a valid U.S. Commercial Driver's License with proper endorsements for the class of vehicle that you
are using.
Has a current DOT medical card. (If the sponsor does not have a current DOT medical card, he/she will
be subject to a fine.* The test, however, will still proceed.)
Vehicle Requirements
Vehicles used for a Class A, B, or C road test must meet the following requirements. Vehicles not meeting the
following requirements will be refused/rejected.
Represent the type and class of vehicle you will be driving when you receive your CDL. For a Passenger
Endorsement, the applicant must have the appropriate class vehicle designed to carry 16 or more passengers,
including the driver.
Be able to pass a safety check. Vehicles with unstable, dangerous, or HAZMAT loads will be rejected. The
vehicle must be completely free of hazardous material.
Have adequate seating next to the operator for the use of the examiner.
Have a manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) on the vehicle, appropriate for the class of license
for which you are applying. If there is no GVWR on the vehicle, you must have a document from the
manufacturer or a motor vehicle dealer proving the GVWR.
*A DOT medical card is not required for a state or municipal employee using a state or municipal vehicle.
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(continued)
Preface/2.0
Rental vehicles
Have the rental agreement and written permission on the rental company's letterhead authorizing use of the
vehicle for the road test.
You are responsible for the skills test fee for each failure, rejection, late arrival, or no show.
The Registrar reserves the right to cancel and recall any license if it is later determined that the licensee did not
meet the minimum legal requirements for the road test.
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Page vii
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Winchendon (1120)
Winchendon Mass DOT Highway Division
127 Baldwin Road
Winchendon, Massachusetts 01475
From Exit 19 off Route 2, take Route 202 North for approximately 10 miles towards Baldwinville Winchendon. The test site
will be on the left, past Lake Dennison State Park, on Baldwin Road.
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To operate a school bus with air brakes, you must, in addition, pass an air-brakes written exam at the RMV and
pass an air-brakes road test.
SCHOOL BUS DRIVER ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS
To qualify for a full-sized or restricted School Bus Certificate you must meet the following requirements:
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Preface/2.0
An applicant must certify that, during the two-year period immediately prior to applying for a CDL, he/she:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(b)
If the above requirements are met, the customer can obtain a Massachusetts Commercial Driver's License without taking
the general knowledge exam or a road test. If the customer cannot meet the above requirements, the out-of-state Com
mercial Driver's License can be converted to a Massachusetts Class D driver's license. The out-of-state license must be
surrendered at this time. The customer may then apply for a Massachusetts Commercial Learner's Permit. Customers
must pass the written and road tests in order to obtain the Commercial Driver's License.
The conversion process is the same for all commercial motor vehicle classes (Class A, Class B, and Class C). However,
note that some states issue non-commercial Class A, B, and/or C driver's licenses that do not qualify as Commercial
Driver's Licenses under the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's definition. These can only be converted to a
Massachusetts Class D driver's license.
Expired Commercial Driver's Licenses cannot be converted. However, an out-of-state Commercial Driver's License that
has been expired for less than four years can be converted to a Massachusetts Class D driver's license.
Transferring Endorsements
When a customer applies for a Commercial Driver's License out-of-state conversion, he/she may also choose to transfer
the endorsements on the previous Commercial Driver's License. However, due to federal requirements, a hazardous
materials (H) endorsement is not transferable. To receive an H endorsement on a Massachusetts Commercial Driver's
License, the customer must reapply for the endorsement.
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Preface/2.0
If you pass the Hazardous Materials Knowledge Exam, you will receive a Hazardous Materials Pass Certificate.
Exam results are valid for two (2) years.
2. Contact IBT, the Transportation Security Administrations vendor, at 1-877-429-7746 or visit https://hazprints.tsa.dhs.gov
to apply for the Background Check, pay the application fee, and identify locations nationwide where you can be
fingerprinted. You will need to visit the vendors location and do the following:
Present 2 forms of ID to verify your identity.
Allow yourself to be fingerprinted.
It could take approximately 30 days to receive the results of your Background Check. The Transportation Security
Administration (TSA) will notify you of your results by mail.
3. Upon being notified that you passed the background check, do the following:
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Preface/2.0
2. Upon being notified that you passed the background check, do the following:
If you pass the Hazardous Materials Knowledge Exam, you can renew your license with the Hazmat Endorsement.
If you fail the Background Check or the Knowledge Exam, you will still be able to renew your Commercial Drivers
License, but without the Hazardous Materials Endorsement.
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To find a medical examiner, you may contact your primary care provider to inquire if they will conduct a DOT medical exam.
You may also find a medical examiner in the yellow pages of your telephone book, or on the Internet by using an Internet
The examiner will provide you with a medical examiner's certificate that you must carry with you whenever you operate a
Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV). A medical examiner's certificate will also be required, even if you dont have a CDL, if you
operate a CMV, in interstate commerce, with a gross vehicle rating in excess of 10,000 pounds.
Required Forms
If your medical examiner does not have the required forms, they may be obtained from any of the following:
The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration website (www.fmcsa.dot.gov), free of charge
J.J. Keller (item WW-015-MP) by calling 1-877-564-2333 or via the Internet using the Medical Examinations and
Reports link at: www.jjkeller.com
The Massachusetts Motor Truck Association, by calling 617-695-3512 (Free for members only.)
Alternatively, your examiner may print a copy of the forms directly from the FMCSA website.
Expiration
Medical examiner's certificates are valid for no more than two years. Some medical conditions may require you to have a
physical examination more frequently and others may disqualify you from driving a commercial motor vehicle (CMV).
Physical Qualifications
Physical qualifications are listed in CFR 49 391.41.
If you do not meet the vision or diabetes physical qualification standards, or have a loss or impairment of limbs (arms, hands,
fingers, legs, or feet) and want to operate an interstate commercial motor vehicle (CMV), you may be able to satisfy alterna
tive physical qualifications or qualify for an exemption. Contact the Massachusetts State office of FMCSA at 781-425-3210
for additional details. Information is also available on the FMCSA website.
If you cannot meet the medical qualifications for CMV interstate commercial operation, you may qualify for an Intrastate
Medical Waiver. This waiver, available from the RMV, would permit operation of a CMV used in Massachusetts intrastate
commerce only. Call 857-368-8020 for specific details or see www.massrmv.com/rmv/forms/21156.pdf for the Intrastate
Medical Waiver Application.
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Major Offenses
For any of the following offenses, you will be disqualified from operating a CMV for at least one (1) year for a conviction of a first
offense and life for a conviction of a second offense arising from two (2) or more separate incidents. If any of the offenses below
occurred while transporting a hazardous material required to be placarded, you will be disqualified for a period of at least three
years. You must not operate a CMV while disqualified.
If you operate a CMV or a motor vehicle under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
If you operate a CMV while your Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) is 0.04% or more.
If you refuse to submit to a chemical test or analysis of your breath or blood as required by law after operating a
CMV or a motor vehicle.
If you leave the scene of an accident while operating a CMV or a motor vehicle.
If you were operating a CMV when, as a result of a prior violation committed operating a CMV, your CDL was sus
pended, revoked, or cancelled, or you were disqualified from operating a CMV.
You will have a lifetime disqualification if you use the vehicle to commit a felony involving the manufacturing, distributing, or
dispensing of controlled substances.
For at least sixty (60) days if you are convicted of committing two serious traffic violations while operating a CMV arising
from separate incidents within a three-year period.
For at least one hundred twenty (120) days if you are convicted of committing three serious traffic violations while
operating a CMV arising from separate incidents within a three-year period.
Operating to endanger
Reckless driving
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Driving a CMV without the proper class of CDL and/or endorsements for the specific vehicle group being operated or for
the passengers or type of cargo being transported
Serious traffic violations include any and all major disqualifying offenses under 49 CFR 383.51.
The driver is not required to always stop, but fails to slow down and check that the tracks are clear of an approach
ing train.
The driver is not required to always stop, but fails to stop before reaching the crossing, if the tracks are not clear.
The driver is always required to stop, but fails to stop before driving onto the crossing.
The driver fails to have sufficient space to drive completely through the crossing without stopping.
The driver fails to obey a traffic control device or the directions of an enforcement official at the crossing.
Not less than one hundred and twenty (120) days for a second conviction arising from separate incidents within a
three (3) year period.
Not less than one (1) year for a third or subsequent conviction arising from separate incidents within a three (3)
year period.
For a first
conviction or
refusal to be
tested while
operating a nonCMV, a CDL
holder must be
disqualified
from operating a
CMV for
For a second
conviction or
refusal to be
tested in a
separate incident
of any combina
tion of offenses in
this Table while
operating a CMV,
a person required
to have a CDL and
a CDL holder
must be disquali
fied from operat
ing a CMV for
For a second
conviction or
refusal to be
tested in a
separate incident
of any combina
tion of offenses in
this Table while
operating a nonCMV, a CDL holder
must be disquali
fied from operat
ing a CMV for
1 year
1 year
3 years
Life
Life
1 year
1 year
3 years
Life
Life
Having an alcohol
concentration of 0.04
or greater while
operating a CMV
1 year
3 years
Life
Not applicable
Refusing to take an
alcohol test as
required by a State or
jurisdiction under its
implied consent laws
or regulations as
defined in 383.72 of
this part.
1 year
3 years
Life
Life
Life-not eligible
for 10-year
reinstatement.
Life-not eligible
for 10-year
reinstatement.
Page xvi
Life-not eligible
for 10-year
reinstatement.
Not applicable
1 year
Life-not eligible
for 10-year
reinstatement.
Life-not eligible
for 10-year
reinstatement.
Preface/2.0
If a driver's medical examiner's certificate is only valid with a vision, diabetes, or skills performance evaluation variance letter
granted by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), the driver will also need to provide this documentation
to the RMV.
The medical certificate is a document that most CDL drivers are currently required to carry. The new regulation simply
requires drivers to provide the Registry with a copy as part of their self-certification.
All drivers must self-certify and provide their medical certificate, if applicable, by January 30, 2014.
Drivers are required to continue to carry a physical copy of their medical certificate through January 30, 2014. Commercial
drivers with a federal medical variance, Skill Performance Evaluation, or state issued medical waiver are required to carry this
documentation indefinitely.
A driver's self-certification category and medical certificate information will be become part of the CDLIS driver record for use
by law enforcement.
Self-Certification Categories
There are four self-certification categories. A driver must self-certify to one of these four categories. The category a driver
should choose depends on whether he/she operates in interstate or intrastate commerce and whether or not he/she is
required to have a medical certificate or is exempt:
Page xvii
Non-Excepted Interstate (NI) - Driver is engaged in Interstate commerce and must meet the federal DOT
medical card requirements
Excepted Interstate (EI) - Driver is engaged in Interstate commerce and does not have to meet the DOT
medical card requirements
Non-Excepted Intrastate (NA) - Driver is engaged in Intrastate commerce and must meet state driver
qualification requirements
Preface/2.0
Excepted Intrastate (EA) - Driver is engaged in Intrastate commerce and does not have to meet the DOT
medical card requirements
The medical documentation that a driver is required to provide is dependent on the category of self-certification selected. In
Massachusetts, drivers that self-certify in the NI or NA category are required to provide the RMV with a copy of their current
medical certificate, with the exception of NA drivers that have been issued an Intrastate Medical Waiver and, as a result, have
a W restriction on their license. If a driver's medical examiner's certificate is only valid with a vision, diabetes, or a skills
performance evaluation variance granted by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), the driver will also
need to provide this documentation to the RMV.
Category Descriptions
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Preface/2.0
Compliance Requirements
Downgrade for Non-Compliance
Failure to initially provide self-certification information and a copy of a medical certificate, if a driver requires one, by January
30, 2014 will result in the downgrade of the driver's Commercial Driver's License to a Class D license.
Class A, B, or C Learner's Permits are not subject to a downgrade. A Commercial Driver's Learner's Permit will be deleted
upon the expiration or self-certification expiration, whichever comes first.
Re-Certification - Submission Cycle
For NI and NA categorized drivers, self-certification is tied to the expiration date of the medical certificate, variance or waiver.
Therefore, drivers will need to self-certify at least every two years.
An NI or NA driver will receive notice from the Registry of Motor Vehicles notifying him/her of the self-certification expiration
date. NI and NA categorized drivers that do not re-certify by the expiration date will no longer be authorized to operate a
vehicle requiring a commercial driver's license. The following will occur for a driver that does not re-certify within sixty days
from the expiration date:
1. The Registry will downgrade the driver to a Class D license which will be mailed to him/her
2. A $25.00 license amendment fee will be posted on the customer's record to be collected at the time of his/
her next license transaction
EI and EA drivers will need to re-certify every five years at the time of license renewal.
A driver may also need to re-certify prior to an expiration date if the type of driving that is conducted has changed.
Restoring a Downgraded License to a Commercial Driver's License
To restore a Commercial Driver's License within 365 days of the downgrade, the customer must go to a Registry branch
office and request a restoration. The customer must submit all required paperwork. If eligible, the system will allow the
customer to restore and/or renew. If the restored Commercial Driver's License is not renewed, the expiration date will con
tinue from the pre-downgrade date. The customer must pay all required fees.
To restore a Commercial Driver's License after 365 days of the downgrade, the customer must go to a Registry branch office
and request a restoration. The customer must retake the Commercial Driver's License learner's permit exam and road test
and submit all required paperwork. If the customer passes both tests, he/she will be issued a new, five-year license. The
customer must pay all required fees.
Checking Self-Certification Status
A driver may check his/her self-certification status online at www.massrmv.com by selecting More from the Online Services
tab, and then selecting License Permit Status in the Check My Status section at the bottom of the License/ID column. The
driver's self-certification category and expiration date will be displayed.
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Table of Contents
PART ONE
Section 1:
1.1
1.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Section 2:
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
Driving Safely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vehicle Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic Control of Your Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shifting Gears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seeing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Communicating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Controlling Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Managing Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving at Night . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving in Fog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving in Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving in Very Hot Weather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Railroad Crossings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mountain Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seeing Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Skid Control and Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accident Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Staying Alert and Fit to Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hazardous Materials Rules For All Commercial Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-1
2-1
2-15
2-17
2-19
2-22
2-24
2-27
2-31
2-34
2-34
2-37
2-38
2-39
2-41
2-45
2-49
2-51
2-52
2-54
2-57
Section 3:
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3-1
3-1
3-2
3-4
3-5
Section 4:
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
Transporting Passengers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pre-trip Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loading and Trip Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On the Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
After-trip Vehicle Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prohibited Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Use of Brake-door Interlocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-1
4-1
4-2
4-4
4-5
4-5
4-6
Section 5:
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
Air Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Parts of an Air Brake System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dual Air Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspecting Air Brake Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using Air Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-1
5-1
5-6
5-6
5-8
Section 6:
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
Combination Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving Combination Vehicles Safely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Combination Vehicle Air Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coupling and Uncoupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspecting a Combination Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-1
6-1
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6-14
Section 7:
PART TWO
Table of Contents/2.0
Page 1
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7-1
7-2
7-5
7-6
Section 8:
8.1
8.2
8.3
8-1
8-1
8-2
8-3
Section 9:
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
Table A
Radioactive Separation Table...................................................................... 9-30
Table B
Table of Hazard Class Definitions ................................................................ 9-30
Hazardous Materials Glossary .......................................................................................... 9-31
PART THREE
Section 10:
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10-5
Section 11:
11.1
11.2
Section 12:
12.1
APPENDIX A: Section 10 of the 2004 Model Commercial Drivers License Manual .............. Appendix A-1
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Definitions You
Should Know
Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW). The total weight of a single vehicle plus
its load.
Gross Combination Weight (GCW). The total weight of a powered
unit plus trailer(s) plus the cargo.
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). The maximum GVW
specified by the manufacturer for a single vehicle plus its load.
Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR). The maximum GCW
specified by the manufacturer for a specific combination of vehicles plus
its load.
Axle Weight. The weight transmitted to the ground by one axle or one
set of axles.
Tire Load. The maximum safe weight a tire can carry at a specified
pressure. This rating is stated on the side of each tire.
Suspension Systems. Suspension systems have a manufacturers
weight capacity rating.
Coupling Device Capacity. Coupling devices are rated for the
maximum weight they can pull and/or carry.
You must keep weights within legal limits. States have maximums for
GVWs, GCWs and axle weights. Often, maximum axle weights are set
by a bridge formula. A bridge formula permits less maximum axle
weight for axles that are closer together. This is to prevent overloading
bridges and roadways.
Overloading can have bad effects on steering, braking, and speed
control. Overloaded trucks have to go very slow on upgrades. Worse,
they may gain too much speed on downgrades. Stopping distance
increases. Brakes can fail when forced to work too hard.
During bad weather or in mountains, it may not be safe to operate at
legal maximum weights. Take this into account before driving.
Don't Be Top-heavy
Page 3-2
The height of the vehicles center of gravity is very important for safe
handling. A high center of gravity (cargo piled up high or heavy cargo
on top) means you are more likely to tip over. It is most dangerous in
curves or if you have to swerve to avoid a hazard. It is very important
to distribute the cargo so it is as low as possible. Put the heaviest parts
of the cargo under the lightest parts.
Poor weight balance can make vehicle handling unsafe. Too much
weight on the steering axle can cause hard steering. It can damage the
steering axle and tires. Underloaded front axles (caused by shifting
weight too far to the rear) can make the steering axle weight too light to
steer safely. Too little weight on the driving axles can cause poor
traction. The drive wheels may spin easily. During bad weather, the
truck may not be able to keep going. Weight that is loaded so there is
a high center of gravity causes greater chance of rollover. On flat bed
vehicles, there is also a greater chance that the load will shift to the side
or fall off. Figure 3-1 shows examples of the right and wrong way to
balance cargo weight.
Wrong
Right
Wrong
Wrong
Wrong
Right
Right
Figure 3-1
Always load cargo the right way!
These questions may be on your test. If you cant answer them all, re-read Sections 3.1 and 3.2.
Page 3-3
Cargo Tiedown
Header Boards
Covering Cargo
Front end header boards ("headache racks") protect you from your
cargo in case of a crash or emergency stop. Make sure the front end
structure is in good condition. The front end structure should block the
forward movement of any cargo you carry.
There are two basic reasons for covering cargo, (1) to protect people
from spilled cargo, and (2) to protect the cargo from weather. Spill
protection is a safety requirement in many states. Be familiar with the
laws in the states you drive in.
You should look at your cargo covers in the mirrors from time to time
while driving. A flapping cover can tear loose, uncovering the cargo,
and possibly block your view or someone elses.
You cannot inspect sealed loads, but you should check that you dont
exceed gross weight and axle weight limits.
Sealed and
Containerized Loads
Page 3-4
Containerized loads generally are used when freight is carried part way
by rail or ship. Delivery by truck occurs at the beginning and/or end of
the journey. Some containers have their own tiedown devices or locks
that attach directly to a special frame. Others have to be loaded onto
flat bed trailers. They must be properly secured just like any other
cargo.
Dry bulk tanks require special care because they often have a high
center of gravity, and the load can shift. Be extremely cautious (slow
and careful) going around curves and making sharp turns.
Hanging meat (suspended beef, pork, lamb) in a refrigerated truck can
be a very unstable load with a high center of gravity. Particular caution
is needed on sharp curves such as off ramps and on ramps. Go slow.
Livestock can move around in a trailer, causing unsafe handling. With
less than a full load, use false bulkheads to keep livestock bunched
together. Even when bunched, special care is necessary because
livestock can lean on curves. This shifts the center of gravity and
makes rollover more likely.
Over-length, over-width, and/or overweight loads require special
transit permits. Driving is usually limited to certain times. Special
equipment may be necessary such as "wide load" signs, flashing lights,
flags, etc. Such loads may require a police escort or pilot vehicles
bearing warning signs and/or flashing lights. These special loads
require special driving care.
Dry Bulk
Hanging Meat
Livestock
Oversized Loads
What is the minimum number of tiedowns for any flat bed load?
What is the minimum number of tiedowns for a 20-foot load?
Name the two basic reasons for covering cargo on an open bed.
What must you check before transporting a sealed load?
These questions may be on your test. If you cant answer them all, re-read Sections 3.3 and 3.4.
Page 3-5
Page 3-6
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Test Trailer Service Brakes. Check for normal air pressure, release
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brakes with the hand control (trolley valve), if so equipped. You should
feel the brakes come on. This tells you the trailer brakes are connected
and working. (The trailer brakes should be tested with the hand valve
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Page 6-16
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Page 7-3
Caution: Never unlock the pintle hook with the dolly still under the
rear trailer. The dolly tow bar may fly up, possibly causing injury, and
making it very difficult to re-couple.
Couple second and third trailers using the method for coupling
doubles.
Uncouple tractor and pull away from second and third trailers.
Page 7-4
Additional Things to
Check During a
Walkaround Inspection
Landing Gear
Page 7-5
Be sure air lines are supported and glad hands are properly
connected.
7.4 Doubles/Triples
Air Brake Check
Page 7-6
Charge the trailer air brake system and check that the trailer rolls freely.
Then stop and pull out the trailer air supply control (also called tractor
protection valve control or trailer emergency valve) or place it in the
"emergency" position. Pull gently on the trailer with the tractor to check
that the trailer emergency brakes are on.
Check for normal air pressure, release the parking brakes, move the
vehicle forward slowly, and apply trailer brakes with the hand control
(trolley valve), if so equipped. You should feel the brakes come on. This
tells you the trailer brakes are connected and working. (The trailer
brakes should be tested with the hand valve, but controlled in normal
operation with the foot pedal, which applies air to the service brakes at
all wheels.)
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7.4.
Page 7-7
Page 7-8
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Page 10-10
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In addition to checking the lighting indicators listed in Section
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lighting indicators (internal panel lights):
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If equipped with a handicap lift, look for leaking, damaged, or
missing parts and explain how lift should be checked for
correct operation. Lift must be fully retracted and latched
securely.
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Make sure that all emergency exits are not damaged, operate
smoothly, and close securely from the inside.
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firmly attached to the floor.
Check that seat cushions are attached securely to the seat
frames.
Page 10-11
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Page 10-14
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Check that baggage and all other exterior compartment doors
are not damaged, operate properly, and latch securely.
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Wherever located, see that battery(s) are secure, connections
are tight, and cell caps are present.
Battery connections should not show signs of excessive corrosion.
Check that battery box and cover or door is not damaged and
is secure.
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Please refer to Section 10.2 of this manual for detailed inspection
procedures regarding the following components:
- Wheels.
Remember, the pre-trip vehicle inspection must be passed
before you can proceed to the basic vehicle control skills test.
Page 10-15
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On-road Driving Test
7+,66(&7,21:,//$66,67'5,9(56
,17$.,1*7+(2152$''5,9,1*7(67
During the driving test, the examiner will be scoring you on specific
driving maneuvers as well as on your general driving behavior. You
will follow the directions of the examiner. Directions will be given to
you so you will have plenty of time to do what the examiner has
asked. You will not be asked to drive in an unsafe manner.
If your test route does not have certain traffic situations, you may be
asked to simulate a traffic situation. You will do this by telling the
examiner what you are or would be doing if you were in that traffic
situation. See the CDL On-Road Score Sheet (Figure 12-1).
Use turn signals and safely get into the lane needed for the
turn.
12.1
Turns
Page 12-1
After turn:
Decelerate gently.
Page 12-2
During this part of the test, you are expected to make regular traffic
checks and maintain a safe following distance. Your vehicle should
be centered in the proper lane (right-most lane) and you should keep
up with the flow of traffic but not exceed the posted speed limit.
Urban/Rural Straight
During the multiple lane portion of the urban and rural sections, you
will be asked to change lanes to the left, and then back to the right.
You should make the necessary traffic checks first, then use proper
signals and smoothly change lanes when it is safe to do so.
Urban/Rural Lane
Changes
Expressway
Stop/Start
Check traffic.
For this maneuver, you will be asked to pull your vehicle over to the
side of the road and stop as if you were going to get out and check
something on your vehicle. You must check traffic thoroughly in all
directions and move to the right-most lane or shoulder of road.
Page 12-3
Check traffic.
Once stopped:
Page 12-4
Once your vehicle is back into the flow of traffic, cancel your
left turn signal.
Select the proper gear to maintain speed and not lug the
engine.
Curve
Upgrade
Downgrade
For example, if your "safe" speed is 40 mph, you should apply the
brakes once your vehicle speed reaches 40 mph. Your brakes
should be applied hard enough to reduce your speed to 35 mph.
Once your vehicle speed reaches 35 mph, release your brakes.
Repeat this procedure as often as necessary until you have reached
the end of the downgrade. This braking technique is called
"snubbing."
When operating any commercial vehicle, do not ride the clutch, race
the engine, change gears, or coast while driving down the grade. At
the bottom of the grade, be sure to cancel your four-way flashers.
Page 12-5
Not all test routes will contain an area of sufficient grade to test your
skill adequately. Therefore, you may be asked to simulate
(verbally) driving up and down a steep hill. You must be familiar
with the upgrade/downgrade procedures so that you can explain
and/or demonstrate them to the examiner at any time during the
driving test.
Railroad Crossing
Before reaching the crossing, all commercial drivers should:
Bridge/Overpass/Sign
Stop the vehicle within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from
the nearest rail.
Not all driving road test routes will have a railroad crossing.
You may be asked to explain and demonstrate the proper
railroad crossing procedures to the examiner at a simulated
location.
After driving under an overpass, you may be asked to tell the
examiner what the posted clearance or height was. After going over
a bridge, you may be asked to tell the examiner what the posted
weight limit was. If your test route does not have a bridge or
overpass, you may be asked about another traffic sign. When
asked, be prepared to identify and explain to the examiner any
traffic sign which may appear on the route.
Page 12-6
Brake Usage
Lane Usage
Page 12-7
Page 12-8
Appendix A- 1
Appendix A- 2
SECTION 10
SCHOOL BUSES
Figure 10.1
Figure 10.2 shows how both the outside left and right
side flat mirrors should be adjusted.
Appendix A- 3
Figure 10.3
Figure 10.2
Figure 10.3 shows how both the outside left and right
side convex mirrors should be adjusted.
Appendix A- 4
Figure 10.4a
Figure 10.4b
Appendix A- 5
Appendix A- 6
Notes:
1. The school bus driver should enforce any state
or local regulations or recommendations concerning
student actions outside the school bus.
2. It is important for the driver to understand that
any hand or other signal that is given to a student
also could be misinterpreted by motorists that are
stopped in the area.
Removing
drivers
Starting engine.
Engaging the transmission.
Releasing the parking brake.
Turning off alternating flashing red lamps.
Turning on left turn signal.
Allowing congested traffic to disperse.
Checking all mirrors again.
Appendix A- 7
Appendix A- 8
Figure 10.5
Pavement Markings. Pavement markings mean
the same as the advance warning sign. They
consist of an X with the letters RR and a nopassing marking on two-lane roads. See Figure
10.6.
There is also a no passing zone sign on two-lane
roads. There may be a white stop line painted on
the pavement before the railroad tracks. The front
of the school bus must remain behind this line while
stopped at the crossing.
Appendix A- 9
Figure 10.6
Crossbuck Signs. This sign marks a passive
crossing. It requires you to yield the right-of-way to
the train. When the road crosses over more than
one set of tracks, a sign below the crossbuck
indicates the number of tracks. See Figure 10.7.
Figure 10.7
Figure 10.8
Appendix A- 10
At the Crossing:
Appendix A- 11
Appendix A- 12
10.7.3 - Backing
Backing a school bus is strongly discouraged. You
should back your bus only when you have no other
safe way to move the vehicle. You should never
back a school bus when students are outside of
the bus. Backing is dangerous and increases your
risk of a collision.
If you have no choice and you must back your bus,
follow these procedures:
Some school buses are equipped with roofmounted, white strobe lights. If your bus is so
equipped, the overhead strobe light should be
used when you have limited visibility. This means
that you cannot easily see around you in front,
behind, or beside the school bus. Your visibility
could be only slightly limited or it could be so bad
that you can see nothing at all. In all instances,
understand and obey your state or local
regulations concerning the use of these lights.
Appendix A- 13
Section 10
Test Your Knowledge
1. Define the danger zone. How far does the
danger zone extend around the bus?
2. What should you be able to see if the outside
flat mirrors are adjusted properly? The outside
convex mirrors? The cross view mirrors?
3. You are loading students along the route.
When should you activate your alternating
flashing amber warning lamps?
4. You are unloading students along your route.
Where should students walk to after exiting the
bus?
5. After unloading at school, why should you walk
through the bus?
6. What position should students be in front of the
bus before they cross the roadway?
7. Under what conditions must you evacuate the
bus?
8. How far from the nearest rail should you stop at
a highway-rail crossing?
9. What is a passive highway-rail crossing? Why
should you be extra cautious at this type of
crossing?
10. How should you use your brakes if your
vehicle is equipped with antilock brakes
(ABS)?
If you cant answer these questions, re-read Section
10.
Appendix A- 14
$5.00
Version 2.0
C
D
L
ommercial
river's
icense Manual
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Registry of Motor Vehicles
PO Box 55889
Boston, MA 02205
Copyright
The body of this document is copyrighted by the American Association of Motor Vehicle
Administrators (AAMVA), and is reprinted herein with their permission. Sections specific to
Massachusetts are property of the Massachusetts Registry of Motor Vehicles.
On October 26, 1986, Congress passed the Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986. This law required each State to
meet the same minimum standards for commercial driver licensing. The standards required commercial motor vehicle drivers
to get a Commercial Drivers License (CDL). You must have a CDL to operate any of the following Commercial Motor Ve
hicles (CMVs):
a)
A single vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of more than 26,000 pounds.
b)
A trailer with a GVWR of more than 10,000 pounds if the gross combination weight rating is more than 26,000
pounds.
c)
d)
To get a CDL, you must pass knowledge and skills tests. This manual will help you pass the tests.
Commercial Drivers License Tests
Knowledge Tests
You will have to take one or more knowledge tests to obtain your CDL permit, depending on what class of license and what
endorsements you need. The CDL knowledge tests include:
the General Knowledge Test, taken by all applicants (One hour - 50 questions)
the Passenger Transport Test, taken by all bus driver applicants (20 minutes - 20 questions)
the Air Brakes Test, which you must take if your vehicle has air brakes (25 minutes - 25 questions)
the Combination Vehicles Test, which is required if you want to drive combination vehicles (20 minutes - 20 questions)
the Hazardous Materials Test, required if you want to haul hazardous material or waste (30 minutes - 30 questions)
the Tanker Test, required if you want to haul liquids in bulk (20 minutes - 20 questions)
.
the Doubles/Triples Test, required if you want to pull double or triple trailers (20 minutes - 20 questions)
the School Bus Test, required if you want to transport pre-primary, primary, and secondary school students in a full-sized
"School Bus" (i.e., Big Yellow Bus)
Page i
Preface/2.0
RELATED
ENDORSEMENTS
Double/Triple Trailers
HAZMAT
Tank Vehicles
Tank Vehicles with HAZMAT
Tank Vehicles
Tank Vehicles with HAZMAT
HAZMAT
Passenger Transport Vehicles
School Bus
Tank Vehicles
Tank Vehicles with HAZMAT
HAZMAT
Passenger Transport Vehicles
School Bus
The vehicle in which you will take the road skills test must meet the written description for that class. The above
vehicle silhouettes typify, but do not fully cover, the types of vehicles falling within each class.
If you wish to be licensed to drive a vehicle with air brakes, the vehicle in which you will be tested must be
equipped with air brakes.
To operate a school bus, drivers are required to obtain a specific certification from the Massachusetts Depart
ment of Public Utilities (see p. ix), in addition to the appropriate class and endorsement of CDL license.
Page ii
Preface/2.0
Nantucket**
New Bedford*
North Adams**
Pittsfield
Plymouth
Revere*
South Yarmouth*
Springfield*
Taunton*
Watertown*
Wilmington*
Worcester*
Hours and locations are subject to change without notice. Check www.massrmv.com for the most up-to-date list.
*These branches offer CDL knowledge tests from 10:00am until 4:00pm on Thursdays.
**Haverhill offers CDL knowledge tests from 8:00am until 2:00pm.
Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket offer CDL knowledge tests from 8:00am until 2:00pm, but are closed between
12:00pm and 1:00pm.
North Adams offers CDL knowledge tests from 9:00am until 3:00pm, but is closed between 1:00pm and 2:00pm.
Note: Depending on the number of endorsement tests you are taking, you may not have time to take all of them if you arrive
late in the day. Please allot your time accordingly.
Page iii
Preface/2.0
Identification Requirements
Age
Applicants may apply for a CDL beginning at age 18. However, Federal Regulations found at 49 CFR 391.11, state that a
license holder, including CDL holders, must be 21 years of age to drive a commercial motor vehicle in interstate commerce.
Therefore, CDL holders in Massachusetts under the age of 21 will be issued a K restriction, limiting them to travel within
Massachusetts.
Social Security Number
All CDL holders are required to provide a Social Security Number (SSN) under 49 CFR 383.153 to the Registry of Motor
Vehicles when applying for a CDL. This SSN will be verified through the Social Security Administration and processed as
part of an information package through the National Driver Register (NDR) and Commercial Driver License Information System
(CDLIS) to ensure that your current driving privileges are not under revocation or suspension elsewhere in the United States.
General Information
Residential Address
All applicants for a Massachusetts CDL must live and reside in Massachusetts as defined in 49 CFR 383.5. Your state of
domicile is defined as that State where a person has his/her true, fixed, and permanent home and principal residence and to
which he/she has the intention of returning whenever he/she is absent.
Required Information
Questions 4, 5, 6, and 7
Massachusetts is required to check for your previous states of licensure. This is to ensure that Massachusetts may receive
your complete driving record over your previous 10 years of licensure. Where you have listed your previous states of licen
sure, Massachusetts will inquire against those states databases to obtain your driving history. This is required under 49
CFR 383.73.
Question 8
Massachusetts drivers must be medically qualified to operate a motor vehicle. For a commercial motor vehicle, these
qualifications may be found under 49 CFR 391. For your convenience, the CDL Manual has a section on medical qualifica
tions and the DOT Medical Card found on page xiii of this CDL Manual.
Questions 13 and 14
Massachusetts drivers must certify under 49 CFR 383.71 that they are either qualified to operate in interstate commercial
driving (between states), or that they are only qualified to operate in intrastate commercial driving (exclusively within Massa
chusetts). If you answer No to question 13, then you agree that you are not qualified under federal regulation to operate a
commercial motor vehicle. If you then answer yes to question 14, that you are qualified under state regulation to operate a
commercial motor vehicle, then you will be issued a CDL with an intrastate restriction. If you are under 21, you will be
issued a CDL with the K restriction, limiting you to intrastate commerce. If you are not medically qualified, you must receive
a medical waiver from the Medical Affairs Branch and you will be issued a CDL with the W restriction, limiting you to intrast
ate commerce. If you answer no to both questions, you will not be granted a CDL. Those who wish to operate in interstate
commerce, or hold an unrestricted license, must answer Yes to question #13.
Page iv
Preface/2.0
Please read the following information before scheduling your road test.
Applicant Requirements
Applicants must meet all of the following requirements for a Class A, B, or C road test in order to be tested:
Have a valid CDL permit, with proper endorsements for the vehicle used.
Have a completed road test application. (If you answered YES to question 7, 8, or 10 on the road test
application, the application must be approved by an RMV branch manager or an authorized RMV employee
before the road test.)
Be on time for the skills test. If you are late, you will not be examined. If you must cancel or reschedule your
appointment with less than 72 hours notice, you will be responsible for the skills test fee.
Be accompanied by a sponsor who:
Is at least 21 years old.
Has a valid U.S. Commercial Driver's License with proper endorsements for the class of vehicle that you
are using.
Has a current DOT medical card. (If the sponsor does not have a current DOT medical card, he/she will
be subject to a fine.* The test, however, will still proceed.)
Vehicle Requirements
Vehicles used for a Class A, B, or C road test must meet the following requirements. Vehicles not meeting the
following requirements will be refused/rejected.
Represent the type and class of vehicle you will be driving when you receive your CDL. For a Passenger
Endorsement, the applicant must have the appropriate class vehicle designed to carry 16 or more passengers,
including the driver.
Be able to pass a safety check. Vehicles with unstable, dangerous, or HAZMAT loads will be rejected. The
vehicle must be completely free of hazardous material.
Have adequate seating next to the operator for the use of the examiner.
Have a manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) on the vehicle, appropriate for the class of license
for which you are applying. If there is no GVWR on the vehicle, you must have a document from the
manufacturer or a motor vehicle dealer proving the GVWR.
*A DOT medical card is not required for a state or municipal employee using a state or municipal vehicle.
Page v
(continued)
Preface/2.0
Rental vehicles
Have the rental agreement and written permission on the rental company's letterhead authorizing use of the
vehicle for the road test.
You are responsible for the skills test fee for each failure, rejection, late arrival, or no show.
The Registrar reserves the right to cancel and recall any license if it is later determined that the licensee did not
meet the minimum legal requirements for the road test.
Page vi
Preface/2.0
Page vii
Preface/2.0
Winchendon (1120)
Winchendon Mass DOT Highway Division
127 Baldwin Road
Winchendon, Massachusetts 01475
From Exit 19 off Route 2, take Route 202 North for approximately 10 miles towards Baldwinville Winchendon. The test site
will be on the left, past Lake Dennison State Park, on Baldwin Road.
Page viii
Preface/2.0
To operate a school bus with air brakes, you must, in addition, pass an air-brakes written exam at the RMV and
pass an air-brakes road test.
SCHOOL BUS DRIVER ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS
To qualify for a full-sized or restricted School Bus Certificate you must meet the following requirements:
Page ix
Preface/2.0
An applicant must certify that, during the two-year period immediately prior to applying for a CDL, he/she:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(b)
If the above requirements are met, the customer can obtain a Massachusetts Commercial Driver's License without taking
the general knowledge exam or a road test. If the customer cannot meet the above requirements, the out-of-state Com
mercial Driver's License can be converted to a Massachusetts Class D driver's license. The out-of-state license must be
surrendered at this time. The customer may then apply for a Massachusetts Commercial Learner's Permit. Customers
must pass the written and road tests in order to obtain the Commercial Driver's License.
The conversion process is the same for all commercial motor vehicle classes (Class A, Class B, and Class C). However,
note that some states issue non-commercial Class A, B, and/or C driver's licenses that do not qualify as Commercial
Driver's Licenses under the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's definition. These can only be converted to a
Massachusetts Class D driver's license.
Expired Commercial Driver's Licenses cannot be converted. However, an out-of-state Commercial Driver's License that
has been expired for less than four years can be converted to a Massachusetts Class D driver's license.
Transferring Endorsements
When a customer applies for a Commercial Driver's License out-of-state conversion, he/she may also choose to transfer
the endorsements on the previous Commercial Driver's License. However, due to federal requirements, a hazardous
materials (H) endorsement is not transferable. To receive an H endorsement on a Massachusetts Commercial Driver's
License, the customer must reapply for the endorsement.
Page x
Preface/2.0
If you pass the Hazardous Materials Knowledge Exam, you will receive a Hazardous Materials Pass Certificate.
Exam results are valid for two (2) years.
2. Contact IBT, the Transportation Security Administrations vendor, at 1-877-429-7746 or visit https://hazprints.tsa.dhs.gov
to apply for the Background Check, pay the application fee, and identify locations nationwide where you can be
fingerprinted. You will need to visit the vendors location and do the following:
Present 2 forms of ID to verify your identity.
Allow yourself to be fingerprinted.
It could take approximately 30 days to receive the results of your Background Check. The Transportation Security
Administration (TSA) will notify you of your results by mail.
3. Upon being notified that you passed the background check, do the following:
Page xi
Preface/2.0
2. Upon being notified that you passed the background check, do the following:
If you pass the Hazardous Materials Knowledge Exam, you can renew your license with the Hazmat Endorsement.
If you fail the Background Check or the Knowledge Exam, you will still be able to renew your Commercial Drivers
License, but without the Hazardous Materials Endorsement.
Page xii
Preface/2.0
To find a medical examiner, you may contact your primary care provider to inquire if they will conduct a DOT medical exam.
You may also find a medical examiner in the yellow pages of your telephone book, or on the Internet by using an Internet
The examiner will provide you with a medical examiner's certificate that you must carry with you whenever you operate a
Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV). A medical examiner's certificate will also be required, even if you dont have a CDL, if you
operate a CMV, in interstate commerce, with a gross vehicle rating in excess of 10,000 pounds.
Required Forms
If your medical examiner does not have the required forms, they may be obtained from any of the following:
The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration website (www.fmcsa.dot.gov), free of charge
J.J. Keller (item WW-015-MP) by calling 1-877-564-2333 or via the Internet using the Medical Examinations and
Reports link at: www.jjkeller.com
The Massachusetts Motor Truck Association, by calling 617-695-3512 (Free for members only.)
Alternatively, your examiner may print a copy of the forms directly from the FMCSA website.
Expiration
Medical examiner's certificates are valid for no more than two years. Some medical conditions may require you to have a
physical examination more frequently and others may disqualify you from driving a commercial motor vehicle (CMV).
Physical Qualifications
Physical qualifications are listed in CFR 49 391.41.
If you do not meet the vision or diabetes physical qualification standards, or have a loss or impairment of limbs (arms, hands,
fingers, legs, or feet) and want to operate an interstate commercial motor vehicle (CMV), you may be able to satisfy alterna
tive physical qualifications or qualify for an exemption. Contact the Massachusetts State office of FMCSA at 781-425-3210
for additional details. Information is also available on the FMCSA website.
If you cannot meet the medical qualifications for CMV interstate commercial operation, you may qualify for an Intrastate
Medical Waiver. This waiver, available from the RMV, would permit operation of a CMV used in Massachusetts intrastate
commerce only. Call 857-368-8020 for specific details or see www.massrmv.com/rmv/forms/21156.pdf for the Intrastate
Medical Waiver Application.
Page xiii
Preface/2.0
Major Offenses
For any of the following offenses, you will be disqualified from operating a CMV for at least one (1) year for a conviction of a first
offense and life for a conviction of a second offense arising from two (2) or more separate incidents. If any of the offenses below
occurred while transporting a hazardous material required to be placarded, you will be disqualified for a period of at least three
years. You must not operate a CMV while disqualified.
If you operate a CMV or a motor vehicle under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
If you operate a CMV while your Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) is 0.04% or more.
If you refuse to submit to a chemical test or analysis of your breath or blood as required by law after operating a
CMV or a motor vehicle.
If you leave the scene of an accident while operating a CMV or a motor vehicle.
If you were operating a CMV when, as a result of a prior violation committed operating a CMV, your CDL was sus
pended, revoked, or cancelled, or you were disqualified from operating a CMV.
You will have a lifetime disqualification if you use the vehicle to commit a felony involving the manufacturing, distributing, or
dispensing of controlled substances.
For at least sixty (60) days if you are convicted of committing two serious traffic violations while operating a CMV arising
from separate incidents within a three-year period.
For at least one hundred twenty (120) days if you are convicted of committing three serious traffic violations while
operating a CMV arising from separate incidents within a three-year period.
Operating to endanger
Reckless driving
Page xiv
Preface/2.0
Driving a CMV without the proper class of CDL and/or endorsements for the specific vehicle group being operated or for
the passengers or type of cargo being transported
Serious traffic violations include any and all major disqualifying offenses under 49 CFR 383.51.
The driver is not required to always stop, but fails to slow down and check that the tracks are clear of an approach
ing train.
The driver is not required to always stop, but fails to stop before reaching the crossing, if the tracks are not clear.
The driver is always required to stop, but fails to stop before driving onto the crossing.
The driver fails to have sufficient space to drive completely through the crossing without stopping.
The driver fails to obey a traffic control device or the directions of an enforcement official at the crossing.
Not less than one hundred and twenty (120) days for a second conviction arising from separate incidents within a
three (3) year period.
Not less than one (1) year for a third or subsequent conviction arising from separate incidents within a three (3)
year period.
For a first
conviction or
refusal to be
tested while
operating a nonCMV, a CDL
holder must be
disqualified
from operating a
CMV for
For a second
conviction or
refusal to be
tested in a
separate incident
of any combina
tion of offenses in
this Table while
operating a CMV,
a person required
to have a CDL and
a CDL holder
must be disquali
fied from operat
ing a CMV for
For a second
conviction or
refusal to be
tested in a
separate incident
of any combina
tion of offenses in
this Table while
operating a nonCMV, a CDL holder
must be disquali
fied from operat
ing a CMV for
1 year
1 year
3 years
Life
Life
1 year
1 year
3 years
Life
Life
Having an alcohol
concentration of 0.04
or greater while
operating a CMV
1 year
3 years
Life
Not applicable
Refusing to take an
alcohol test as
required by a State or
jurisdiction under its
implied consent laws
or regulations as
defined in 383.72 of
this part.
1 year
3 years
Life
Life
Life-not eligible
for 10-year
reinstatement.
Life-not eligible
for 10-year
reinstatement.
Page xvi
Life-not eligible
for 10-year
reinstatement.
Not applicable
1 year
Life-not eligible
for 10-year
reinstatement.
Life-not eligible
for 10-year
reinstatement.
Preface/2.0
If a driver's medical examiner's certificate is only valid with a vision, diabetes, or skills performance evaluation variance letter
granted by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), the driver will also need to provide this documentation
to the RMV.
The medical certificate is a document that most CDL drivers are currently required to carry. The new regulation simply
requires drivers to provide the Registry with a copy as part of their self-certification.
All drivers must self-certify and provide their medical certificate, if applicable, by January 30, 2014.
Drivers are required to continue to carry a physical copy of their medical certificate through January 30, 2014. Commercial
drivers with a federal medical variance, Skill Performance Evaluation, or state issued medical waiver are required to carry this
documentation indefinitely.
A driver's self-certification category and medical certificate information will be become part of the CDLIS driver record for use
by law enforcement.
Self-Certification Categories
There are four self-certification categories. A driver must self-certify to one of these four categories. The category a driver
should choose depends on whether he/she operates in interstate or intrastate commerce and whether or not he/she is
required to have a medical certificate or is exempt:
Page xvii
Non-Excepted Interstate (NI) - Driver is engaged in Interstate commerce and must meet the federal DOT
medical card requirements
Excepted Interstate (EI) - Driver is engaged in Interstate commerce and does not have to meet the DOT
medical card requirements
Non-Excepted Intrastate (NA) - Driver is engaged in Intrastate commerce and must meet state driver
qualification requirements
Preface/2.0
Excepted Intrastate (EA) - Driver is engaged in Intrastate commerce and does not have to meet the DOT
medical card requirements
The medical documentation that a driver is required to provide is dependent on the category of self-certification selected. In
Massachusetts, drivers that self-certify in the NI or NA category are required to provide the RMV with a copy of their current
medical certificate, with the exception of NA drivers that have been issued an Intrastate Medical Waiver and, as a result, have
a W restriction on their license. If a driver's medical examiner's certificate is only valid with a vision, diabetes, or a skills
performance evaluation variance granted by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), the driver will also
need to provide this documentation to the RMV.
Category Descriptions
Page xviii
Preface/2.0
Compliance Requirements
Downgrade for Non-Compliance
Failure to initially provide self-certification information and a copy of a medical certificate, if a driver requires one, by January
30, 2014 will result in the downgrade of the driver's Commercial Driver's License to a Class D license.
Class A, B, or C Learner's Permits are not subject to a downgrade. A Commercial Driver's Learner's Permit will be deleted
upon the expiration or self-certification expiration, whichever comes first.
Re-Certification - Submission Cycle
For NI and NA categorized drivers, self-certification is tied to the expiration date of the medical certificate, variance or waiver.
Therefore, drivers will need to self-certify at least every two years.
An NI or NA driver will receive notice from the Registry of Motor Vehicles notifying him/her of the self-certification expiration
date. NI and NA categorized drivers that do not re-certify by the expiration date will no longer be authorized to operate a
vehicle requiring a commercial driver's license. The following will occur for a driver that does not re-certify within sixty days
from the expiration date:
1. The Registry will downgrade the driver to a Class D license which will be mailed to him/her
2. A $25.00 license amendment fee will be posted on the customer's record to be collected at the time of his/
her next license transaction
EI and EA drivers will need to re-certify every five years at the time of license renewal.
A driver may also need to re-certify prior to an expiration date if the type of driving that is conducted has changed.
Restoring a Downgraded License to a Commercial Driver's License
To restore a Commercial Driver's License within 365 days of the downgrade, the customer must go to a Registry branch
office and request a restoration. The customer must submit all required paperwork. If eligible, the system will allow the
customer to restore and/or renew. If the restored Commercial Driver's License is not renewed, the expiration date will con
tinue from the pre-downgrade date. The customer must pay all required fees.
To restore a Commercial Driver's License after 365 days of the downgrade, the customer must go to a Registry branch office
and request a restoration. The customer must retake the Commercial Driver's License learner's permit exam and road test
and submit all required paperwork. If the customer passes both tests, he/she will be issued a new, five-year license. The
customer must pay all required fees.
Checking Self-Certification Status
A driver may check his/her self-certification status online at www.massrmv.com by selecting More from the Online Services
tab, and then selecting License Permit Status in the Check My Status section at the bottom of the License/ID column. The
driver's self-certification category and expiration date will be displayed.
Page xix
Preface/2.0
Page xx
Preface/2.0
Table of Contents
PART ONE
Section 1:
1.1
1.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Section 2:
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
Driving Safely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vehicle Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic Control of Your Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shifting Gears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seeing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Communicating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Controlling Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Managing Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving at Night . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving in Fog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving in Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving in Very Hot Weather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Railroad Crossings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mountain Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seeing Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Skid Control and Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accident Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Staying Alert and Fit to Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hazardous Materials Rules For All Commercial Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-1
2-1
2-15
2-17
2-19
2-22
2-24
2-27
2-31
2-34
2-34
2-37
2-38
2-39
2-41
2-45
2-49
2-51
2-52
2-54
2-57
Section 3:
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3-1
3-1
3-2
3-4
3-5
Section 4:
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
Transporting Passengers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pre-trip Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loading and Trip Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On the Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
After-trip Vehicle Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prohibited Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Use of Brake-door Interlocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-1
4-1
4-2
4-4
4-5
4-5
4-6
Section 5:
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
Air Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Parts of an Air Brake System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dual Air Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspecting Air Brake Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using Air Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-1
5-1
5-6
5-6
5-8
Section 6:
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
Combination Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driving Combination Vehicles Safely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Combination Vehicle Air Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coupling and Uncoupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspecting a Combination Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-1
6-1
6-5
6-8
6-14
Section 7:
PART TWO
Table of Contents/2.0
Page 1
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7-1
7-2
7-5
7-6
Section 8:
8.1
8.2
8.3
8-1
8-1
8-2
8-3
Section 9:
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
Table A
Radioactive Separation Table...................................................................... 9-30
Table B
Table of Hazard Class Definitions ................................................................ 9-30
Hazardous Materials Glossary .......................................................................................... 9-31
PART THREE
Section 10:
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10-5
Section 11:
11.1
11.2
Section 12:
12.1
APPENDIX A: Section 10 of the 2004 Model Commercial Drivers License Manual .............. Appendix A-1
Page 2
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Definitions You
Should Know
Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW). The total weight of a single vehicle plus
its load.
Gross Combination Weight (GCW). The total weight of a powered
unit plus trailer(s) plus the cargo.
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). The maximum GVW
specified by the manufacturer for a single vehicle plus its load.
Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR). The maximum GCW
specified by the manufacturer for a specific combination of vehicles plus
its load.
Axle Weight. The weight transmitted to the ground by one axle or one
set of axles.
Tire Load. The maximum safe weight a tire can carry at a specified
pressure. This rating is stated on the side of each tire.
Suspension Systems. Suspension systems have a manufacturers
weight capacity rating.
Coupling Device Capacity. Coupling devices are rated for the
maximum weight they can pull and/or carry.
You must keep weights within legal limits. States have maximums for
GVWs, GCWs and axle weights. Often, maximum axle weights are set
by a bridge formula. A bridge formula permits less maximum axle
weight for axles that are closer together. This is to prevent overloading
bridges and roadways.
Overloading can have bad effects on steering, braking, and speed
control. Overloaded trucks have to go very slow on upgrades. Worse,
they may gain too much speed on downgrades. Stopping distance
increases. Brakes can fail when forced to work too hard.
During bad weather or in mountains, it may not be safe to operate at
legal maximum weights. Take this into account before driving.
Don't Be Top-heavy
Page 3-2
The height of the vehicles center of gravity is very important for safe
handling. A high center of gravity (cargo piled up high or heavy cargo
on top) means you are more likely to tip over. It is most dangerous in
curves or if you have to swerve to avoid a hazard. It is very important
to distribute the cargo so it is as low as possible. Put the heaviest parts
of the cargo under the lightest parts.
Poor weight balance can make vehicle handling unsafe. Too much
weight on the steering axle can cause hard steering. It can damage the
steering axle and tires. Underloaded front axles (caused by shifting
weight too far to the rear) can make the steering axle weight too light to
steer safely. Too little weight on the driving axles can cause poor
traction. The drive wheels may spin easily. During bad weather, the
truck may not be able to keep going. Weight that is loaded so there is
a high center of gravity causes greater chance of rollover. On flat bed
vehicles, there is also a greater chance that the load will shift to the side
or fall off. Figure 3-1 shows examples of the right and wrong way to
balance cargo weight.
Wrong
Right
Wrong
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Right
Right
Figure 3-1
Always load cargo the right way!
These questions may be on your test. If you cant answer them all, re-read Sections 3.1 and 3.2.
Page 3-3
Cargo Tiedown
Header Boards
Covering Cargo
Front end header boards ("headache racks") protect you from your
cargo in case of a crash or emergency stop. Make sure the front end
structure is in good condition. The front end structure should block the
forward movement of any cargo you carry.
There are two basic reasons for covering cargo, (1) to protect people
from spilled cargo, and (2) to protect the cargo from weather. Spill
protection is a safety requirement in many states. Be familiar with the
laws in the states you drive in.
You should look at your cargo covers in the mirrors from time to time
while driving. A flapping cover can tear loose, uncovering the cargo,
and possibly block your view or someone elses.
You cannot inspect sealed loads, but you should check that you dont
exceed gross weight and axle weight limits.
Sealed and
Containerized Loads
Page 3-4
Containerized loads generally are used when freight is carried part way
by rail or ship. Delivery by truck occurs at the beginning and/or end of
the journey. Some containers have their own tiedown devices or locks
that attach directly to a special frame. Others have to be loaded onto
flat bed trailers. They must be properly secured just like any other
cargo.
Dry bulk tanks require special care because they often have a high
center of gravity, and the load can shift. Be extremely cautious (slow
and careful) going around curves and making sharp turns.
Hanging meat (suspended beef, pork, lamb) in a refrigerated truck can
be a very unstable load with a high center of gravity. Particular caution
is needed on sharp curves such as off ramps and on ramps. Go slow.
Livestock can move around in a trailer, causing unsafe handling. With
less than a full load, use false bulkheads to keep livestock bunched
together. Even when bunched, special care is necessary because
livestock can lean on curves. This shifts the center of gravity and
makes rollover more likely.
Over-length, over-width, and/or overweight loads require special
transit permits. Driving is usually limited to certain times. Special
equipment may be necessary such as "wide load" signs, flashing lights,
flags, etc. Such loads may require a police escort or pilot vehicles
bearing warning signs and/or flashing lights. These special loads
require special driving care.
Dry Bulk
Hanging Meat
Livestock
Oversized Loads
What is the minimum number of tiedowns for any flat bed load?
What is the minimum number of tiedowns for a 20-foot load?
Name the two basic reasons for covering cargo on an open bed.
What must you check before transporting a sealed load?
These questions may be on your test. If you cant answer them all, re-read Sections 3.3 and 3.4.
Page 3-5
Page 3-6
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Page 7-3
Caution: Never unlock the pintle hook with the dolly still under the
rear trailer. The dolly tow bar may fly up, possibly causing injury, and
making it very difficult to re-couple.
Couple second and third trailers using the method for coupling
doubles.
Uncouple tractor and pull away from second and third trailers.
Page 7-4
Additional Things to
Check During a
Walkaround Inspection
Landing Gear
Page 7-5
Be sure air lines are supported and glad hands are properly
connected.
7.4 Doubles/Triples
Air Brake Check
Page 7-6
Charge the trailer air brake system and check that the trailer rolls freely.
Then stop and pull out the trailer air supply control (also called tractor
protection valve control or trailer emergency valve) or place it in the
"emergency" position. Pull gently on the trailer with the tractor to check
that the trailer emergency brakes are on.
Check for normal air pressure, release the parking brakes, move the
vehicle forward slowly, and apply trailer brakes with the hand control
(trolley valve), if so equipped. You should feel the brakes come on. This
tells you the trailer brakes are connected and working. (The trailer
brakes should be tested with the hand valve, but controlled in normal
operation with the foot pedal, which applies air to the service brakes at
all wheels.)
These questions may be on your test. If you cant answer them all, re-read Sections 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 and
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Page 7-7
Page 7-8
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In addition to checking the lighting indicators listed in Section
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If equipped with a handicap lift, look for leaking, damaged, or
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Make sure that all emergency exits are not damaged, operate
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Look for broken seat frames and check that seat frames are
firmly attached to the floor.
Check that seat cushions are attached securely to the seat
frames.
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Check that baggage and all other exterior compartment doors
are not damaged, operate properly, and latch securely.
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Wherever located, see that battery(s) are secure, connections
are tight, and cell caps are present.
Battery connections should not show signs of excessive corrosion.
Check that battery box and cover or door is not damaged and
is secure.
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Please refer to Section 10.2 of this manual for detailed inspection
procedures regarding the following components:
- Wheels.
Remember, the pre-trip vehicle inspection must be passed
before you can proceed to the basic vehicle control skills test.
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During the driving test, the examiner will be scoring you on specific
driving maneuvers as well as on your general driving behavior. You
will follow the directions of the examiner. Directions will be given to
you so you will have plenty of time to do what the examiner has
asked. You will not be asked to drive in an unsafe manner.
If your test route does not have certain traffic situations, you may be
asked to simulate a traffic situation. You will do this by telling the
examiner what you are or would be doing if you were in that traffic
situation. See the CDL On-Road Score Sheet (Figure 12-1).
Use turn signals and safely get into the lane needed for the
turn.
12.1
Turns
Page 12-1
After turn:
Decelerate gently.
Page 12-2
During this part of the test, you are expected to make regular traffic
checks and maintain a safe following distance. Your vehicle should
be centered in the proper lane (right-most lane) and you should keep
up with the flow of traffic but not exceed the posted speed limit.
Urban/Rural Straight
During the multiple lane portion of the urban and rural sections, you
will be asked to change lanes to the left, and then back to the right.
You should make the necessary traffic checks first, then use proper
signals and smoothly change lanes when it is safe to do so.
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Changes
Expressway
Stop/Start
Check traffic.
For this maneuver, you will be asked to pull your vehicle over to the
side of the road and stop as if you were going to get out and check
something on your vehicle. You must check traffic thoroughly in all
directions and move to the right-most lane or shoulder of road.
Page 12-3
Check traffic.
Once stopped:
Page 12-4
Once your vehicle is back into the flow of traffic, cancel your
left turn signal.
Select the proper gear to maintain speed and not lug the
engine.
Curve
Upgrade
Downgrade
For example, if your "safe" speed is 40 mph, you should apply the
brakes once your vehicle speed reaches 40 mph. Your brakes
should be applied hard enough to reduce your speed to 35 mph.
Once your vehicle speed reaches 35 mph, release your brakes.
Repeat this procedure as often as necessary until you have reached
the end of the downgrade. This braking technique is called
"snubbing."
When operating any commercial vehicle, do not ride the clutch, race
the engine, change gears, or coast while driving down the grade. At
the bottom of the grade, be sure to cancel your four-way flashers.
Page 12-5
Not all test routes will contain an area of sufficient grade to test your
skill adequately. Therefore, you may be asked to simulate
(verbally) driving up and down a steep hill. You must be familiar
with the upgrade/downgrade procedures so that you can explain
and/or demonstrate them to the examiner at any time during the
driving test.
Railroad Crossing
Before reaching the crossing, all commercial drivers should:
Bridge/Overpass/Sign
Stop the vehicle within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from
the nearest rail.
Not all driving road test routes will have a railroad crossing.
You may be asked to explain and demonstrate the proper
railroad crossing procedures to the examiner at a simulated
location.
After driving under an overpass, you may be asked to tell the
examiner what the posted clearance or height was. After going over
a bridge, you may be asked to tell the examiner what the posted
weight limit was. If your test route does not have a bridge or
overpass, you may be asked about another traffic sign. When
asked, be prepared to identify and explain to the examiner any
traffic sign which may appear on the route.
Page 12-6
Brake Usage
Lane Usage
Page 12-7
Page 12-8
Appendix A- 1
Appendix A- 2
SECTION 10
SCHOOL BUSES
Figure 10.1
Figure 10.2 shows how both the outside left and right
side flat mirrors should be adjusted.
Appendix A- 3
Figure 10.3
Figure 10.2
Figure 10.3 shows how both the outside left and right
side convex mirrors should be adjusted.
Appendix A- 4
Figure 10.4a
Figure 10.4b
Appendix A- 5
Appendix A- 6
Notes:
1. The school bus driver should enforce any state
or local regulations or recommendations concerning
student actions outside the school bus.
2. It is important for the driver to understand that
any hand or other signal that is given to a student
also could be misinterpreted by motorists that are
stopped in the area.
Removing
drivers
Starting engine.
Engaging the transmission.
Releasing the parking brake.
Turning off alternating flashing red lamps.
Turning on left turn signal.
Allowing congested traffic to disperse.
Checking all mirrors again.
Appendix A- 7
Appendix A- 8
Figure 10.5
Pavement Markings. Pavement markings mean
the same as the advance warning sign. They
consist of an X with the letters RR and a nopassing marking on two-lane roads. See Figure
10.6.
There is also a no passing zone sign on two-lane
roads. There may be a white stop line painted on
the pavement before the railroad tracks. The front
of the school bus must remain behind this line while
stopped at the crossing.
Appendix A- 9
Figure 10.6
Crossbuck Signs. This sign marks a passive
crossing. It requires you to yield the right-of-way to
the train. When the road crosses over more than
one set of tracks, a sign below the crossbuck
indicates the number of tracks. See Figure 10.7.
Figure 10.7
Figure 10.8
Appendix A- 10
At the Crossing:
Appendix A- 11
Appendix A- 12
10.7.3 - Backing
Backing a school bus is strongly discouraged. You
should back your bus only when you have no other
safe way to move the vehicle. You should never
back a school bus when students are outside of
the bus. Backing is dangerous and increases your
risk of a collision.
If you have no choice and you must back your bus,
follow these procedures:
Some school buses are equipped with roofmounted, white strobe lights. If your bus is so
equipped, the overhead strobe light should be
used when you have limited visibility. This means
that you cannot easily see around you in front,
behind, or beside the school bus. Your visibility
could be only slightly limited or it could be so bad
that you can see nothing at all. In all instances,
understand and obey your state or local
regulations concerning the use of these lights.
Appendix A- 13
Section 10
Test Your Knowledge
1. Define the danger zone. How far does the
danger zone extend around the bus?
2. What should you be able to see if the outside
flat mirrors are adjusted properly? The outside
convex mirrors? The cross view mirrors?
3. You are loading students along the route.
When should you activate your alternating
flashing amber warning lamps?
4. You are unloading students along your route.
Where should students walk to after exiting the
bus?
5. After unloading at school, why should you walk
through the bus?
6. What position should students be in front of the
bus before they cross the roadway?
7. Under what conditions must you evacuate the
bus?
8. How far from the nearest rail should you stop at
a highway-rail crossing?
9. What is a passive highway-rail crossing? Why
should you be extra cautious at this type of
crossing?
10. How should you use your brakes if your
vehicle is equipped with antilock brakes
(ABS)?
If you cant answer these questions, re-read Section
10.
Appendix A- 14