Topic – Algorithm and flowchart(unit -2) FOC

1. What is the primary purpose of an algorithm?

a) To create a flowchart
b) To solve a problem step-by-step
c) To execute code
d) To store data
Answer: b) To solve a problem step-by-step
2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an algorithm?
a) Finiteness
b) Definiteness
c) Flexibility
d) Input
Answer: c) Flexibility
3. An algorithm must always have a(n) ___.
a) loop
b) input
c) output
d) variableAnswer: c) output
4. Which of these is a key advantage of an algorithm?
a) Reduces memory usage
b) Provides a clear solution to a problem
c) Requires more resources
d) Guarantees the fastest solution
Answer: b) Provides a clear solution to a problem
5. One disadvantage of an algorithm is that it can be ___.
a) Time-efficient
b) Complex to design
c) Reusable
d) Simplified easily
Answer: b) Complex to design
6. A flowchart is primarily used to ___.
a) Write code
b) Visualize an algorithm
c) Store information
d) Compile data
Answer: b) Visualize an algorithm
7. Which symbol in a flowchart is used to denote a decision?
a) Rectangle
b) Oval
c) Diamond
d) Parallelogram
Answer: c) Diamond
8. What shape is typically used to represent a process or action in a flowchart?
a) Circle
b) Rectangle
c) Diamond
d) Arrow
Answer: b) Rectangle
9. Which of these is an advantage of flowcharts?
a) They require less time to create
b) They make complex algorithms easy to understand
c) They replace the need for programming
d) They reduce the need for documentation
Answer: b) They make complex algorithms easy to understand
10. A flowchart helps in ___.
a) Writing pseudocode
b) Debugging algorithms
c) Representing data storage
d) Defining variables
Answer: b) Debugging algorithms
11. Which of the following is NOT a flowchart symbol?
a) Arrow
b) Triangle
c) Oval
d) Parallelogram
Answer: b) Triangle
12. Flowcharts are useful for ___.
a) Representing the logical flow of a process
b) Creating machine-level code
c) Optimizing code
d) Compiling programs
Answer: a) Representing the logical flow of a process
13. What is one disadvantage of flowcharts?
a) They simplify complex systems
b) They can become complex for large algorithms
c) They eliminate programming errors
d) They require less effort to create
Answer: b) They can become complex for large algorithms
14. A parallelogram in a flowchart represents ___.
a) Input or Output
b) Decision
c) Process
d) Start or End
Answer: a) Input or Output
15. Which characteristic does NOT apply to an algorithm?
a) Should be efficient
b) Must have ambiguous steps
c) Should have a clear start and end
d) Should be finite
Answer: b) Must have ambiguous steps
16. Which flowchart symbol is used to indicate the start or end of a process?
a) Rectangle
b) Diamond
c) Parallelogram
d) Oval
Answer: d) Oval
17. Which of the following is NOT an example of an algorithm?
a) Baking a cake
b) Sorting a list of numbers
c) Writing a letter
d) Solving a math problem
Answer: c) Writing a letter
18. In a flowchart, what does an arrow represent?
a) A decision
b) The direction of flow
c) An input or output
d) The start of the process
Answer: b) The direction of flow
19. What is the key difference between a flowchart and an algorithm?
a) Flowchart is visual, algorithm is text-based
b) Flowchart is faster to execute
c) Algorithm requires a computer, flowchart does not
d) Flowchart is used in programming, algorithm is not
Answer: a) Flowchart is visual, algorithm is text-based
20. Which of these would best describe an algorithm's characteristic of 'definiteness'?
a) It must terminate in a finite time
b) Each step must be clearly and precisely defined
c) It must have at least one input
d) It must produce an output
Answer: b) Each step must be clearly and precisely defined
21. Which of the following is NOT a property of a good algorithm?
a) Well-defined inputs and outputs
b) Ambiguous steps
c) Finiteness
d) Effectiveness
Answer: b) Ambiguous steps
22. Which of the following is an example of an algorithm in daily life?
a) Writing a shopping list
b) Solving a mathematical equation
c) Cooking a recipe
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
23. What does an algorithm's characteristic of 'finiteness' imply?
a) It must take infinite time to complete
b) It must contain a loop
c) It must terminate after a finite number of steps
d) It should not have an end
Answer: c) It must terminate after a finite number of steps
24. Which flowchart symbol represents a predefined process, such as a function or subroutine?
a) Diamond
b) Parallelogram
c) Rectangle with double edges
d) Circle
Answer: c) Rectangle with double edges
25. A decision box in a flowchart typically has ___.
a) Two exit points (True/False)
b) Only one exit point
c) Three exit points
d) No exit points
Answer: a) Two exit points (True/False)
26. In flowcharts, arrows are primarily used to ___.
a) Denote the decision-making points
b) Represent input or output operations
c) Indicate the sequence of actions or flow
d) Mark the start of the process
Answer: c) Indicate the sequence of actions or flow
27. Which of the following is an example of an efficient algorithm?
a) Searching for a name in a phonebook by scanning each entry one by one
b) Sorting an array using bubble sort
c) Using binary search to find a number in a sorted list
d) Listing all possible combinations of a lock
Answer: c) Using binary search to find a number in a sorted list
28. The 'effectiveness' property of an algorithm refers to ___.
a) The algorithm's ability to provide the correct output
b) Its efficiency in terms of time and space
c) Its ease of implementation
d) Its ability to use minimal resources
Answer: a) The algorithm's ability to provide the correct output
29. Flowcharts can be used to represent ___.
a) Decision-making processes
b) Sequential operations
c) Loops and iterations
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
30. Which is a key advantage of using algorithms in problem-solving?
a) They always lead to the fastest solution
b) They provide a structured approach to solving problems
c) They remove the need for human decision-making
d) They are not dependent on the programming language used
Answer: b) They provide a structured approach to solving problems
31. What is the primary difference between an algorithm and pseudocode?
a) Algorithm is written in natural language, pseudocode is in code
b) Algorithm is a set of steps, pseudocode is a structured programming format
c) Algorithm is more detailed than pseudocode
d) There is no difference between the two
Answer: b) Algorithm is a set of steps, pseudocode is a structured programming format
32. Which of the following is a limitation of flowcharts?
a) They are too simple for complex programs
b) They cannot represent loops
c) They can become cluttered and difficult to follow for large systems
d) They only work for small inputs
Answer: c) They can become cluttered and difficult to follow for large systems
33. Which step should be performed first when designing an algorithm?
a) Define the problem
b) Write the code
c) Draw the flowchart
d) Test the algorithm
Answer: a) Define the problem
34. What is the role of pseudocode in algorithm design?

a) It replaces the need for flowcharts

b) It helps translate the algorithm into a programming language
c) It is used only for small programs
d) It speeds up the compilation processs
Answer: b) It helps translate the algorithm into a programming language
35. In a flowchart, which of the following symbols is used to represent the output of a process?
a) Oval
b) Diamond
c) Rectangle
d) Parallelogram
Answer: d) Parallelogram36. What is a 'dry run' of an algorithm?
a) Running the algorithm without a computer
b) Testing the algorithm with a small set of inputs
c) Writing the pseudocode
d) Running the algorithm to test for errors
Answer: a) Running the algorithm without a computer
37. Which of the following is a characteristic of a good flowchart?
a) It uses as many symbols as possible
b) It includes detailed descriptions in each symbol
c) It is simple, clear, and logical
d) It should contain multiple decision points
Answer: c) It is simple, clear, and logical
38. Which type of algorithm is commonly used for searching sorted data?
a) Linear search
b) Binary search
c) Sequential search
d) Random search
Answer: b) Binary search
39. The primary disadvantage of using pseudocode is that ___.
a) It is difficult to write
b) It cannot be executed on a computer
c) It is not flexible for different languages
d) It requires special symbols and syntax
Answer: b) It cannot be executed on a computer
40. Which of the following is a valid symbol for an 'input/output' operation in a flowchart?
a) Oval
b) Parallelogram
c) Diamond
d) Rectangle
Answer: b) Parallelogram