PR2-HERODOTUS

1
Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Tuguegarao City
LINAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
The Role of Environmental Clubs in Fostering Students' Civic Engagement and
Environmental Stewardship: A Quantitative Study
Anjo C. Robles, Maui R. Soriano, Diana M. Adduru, Jovelle A. Simangan, John Cedric T.
Alan, Rein Yeshaiah S. Taguinod, John Lee P. Mora
Linao National High School
Academic Track / Humanities and Social Sciences
Dr. Raiza E. Mones
November 2023
Address: Macababbad St., Linao Norte, Tuguegarao City, 3500

Telephone No.: (078) 844-2126
Email Address: lnhs.tuguegarao@deped.gov.ph
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Approval Sheet
The research entitled “The Role of Environmental Clubs in Fostering Students' Civic
Engagement and Environmental Stewardship: A Quantitative Study” prepared and submitted by
ANJO C. ROBLES, et.al., has been approved and accepted as a partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the subject PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2.
RAIZA E. MONES, PhD

Research Teacher/Adviser
PANEL OF EVALUATORS
Approved by the Committee of Oral Examination with a rating of _______________ on
August 31, 2023.
MARVIN J. MATIAS
Chairman
CARLO M. DOMINGO ERICK P. BATTUNG

Member Member
Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject PRACTICAL
RESEARCH 2.
GLORIA C. LUZ, PhD

School Principal II

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Acknowledgment
The researchers cannot express enough thanks to all the people that have become a big
part of this research study.
First of all, to the Almighty Father Above for giving us the strength and wisdom to start
and finish the study;
To our families, our supportive parents, for the patience, full financial and moral support
during the making of the study;
To all our friends and classmates, especially to Rozytte Gale C. Imperial, who helped the
researchers to make this study as presentable as it is, thank you;
To all the respondents, for all their cooperation that made them a big part of the study;
And most of all to our Advisers, Mrs. Raiza E. Mones and Mr. Erick P. Battung, for all the
efforts, exerted in guiding the researchers from the beginning until the very end of the study; a
big thank you.

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Abstract
This study will look through Bandura’s Social Learning Theory perspective on how parental
influence predicts Filipino adolescents' externalizing behaviors. As children are impressionable,
they observe their parents as role models; their behavior development from childhood to
adolescence is dependent on parental influence. With this in mind, the study’s research
objectives aim to understand how parental influences, such as abusive and antisocial behavior,
affect the adolescent’s externalizing behavior and the level of externalizing behaviors among
Filipino adolescents living in Metro Manila, Philippines. The researchers then surveyed 202
Filipino adolescents residing in Metro Manila, answering a questionnaire that measured family
characteristics, perceived abusive and antisocial behavior of parents, and self-assessed level of
externalizing behaviors. The data gathered was processed through descriptive and inferential
statistics, and the results concluded that family influence does have significance in the
adolescent's externalizing behavior. In conclusion, through Social Learning Theory and the data
collected, the adolescent's externalizing behaviors were found to be due to family influence.
Keywords: Adolescents, Externalizing Behaviors, Family Influence, Social Learning
Theory, Perceived Abusive Behaviors of Parents

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Contents
Title Page 1
Approval Sheet 2
Acknowledgement 3
Abstract 4
Table of Contents 5
List of Tables 6
List of Figures 7
Chapter 1. The Problem and Its Background 8
Overview or Background of the Study 9
Conceptual Framework 10
Research Questions 11
Research Hypothesis (optional) 12
Scope and Delimitation 13
Significance of the Study 13
Definition of Terms 14
Chapter 2. Review of Related Literature and Studies 14
Theme 1 15
Theme 2 16
Theme 3 16
Theme 4 17
Theme 5 17

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Chapter 3. Research Methodology 17
Research Design 18
Sampling Procedure and Sample 19
Data Gathering Methods 20
Data Analysis 21
Chapter 4. Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data 22
Title of discussion 23
Chapter 5. Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations 26
Summary 27
Conclusions 28
Recommendations 29
References 29
Appendices 30

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List of Figures
Page
Figure 1 Title of the figure 1
Figure 2

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List of Tables
Page
Table 1 Title of the table 1
Table 2

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Chapter 1
The Problem and Its Background
Background of the Study
Environmental problems are worsening, and it’s crucial for young people to actively
engage in addressing them. Schools play a vital role in shaping students’ environmental
responsibility, with environmental clubs providing an ideal platform for this. These clubs give
students the opportunity to engage in hands-on environmental activities, learn about
sustainability, and develop civic-mindedness.
A study at Debre Tabor University in Ethiopia (Tesfaye et al., 2016) found that
environmental clubs helped students better understand environmental issues and become more
involved in their communities. Students actively participated in tree planting, waste
management, and community outreach, reflecting the clubs’ ability to foster civic engagement
and environmental stewardship.
Moreover, Gilchrist (2022) found that programs focused on positive youth development
(PYD) further enhanced students' civic participation and leadership skills. This proactive
approach encouraged students to take on leadership roles and contribute meaningfully to
environmental protection efforts.
In a similar vein, Ali et al. (2020) highlighted that environmental clubs play a significant
role in promoting leadership and sustainability advocacy within schools and communities.

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However, factors such as club activities, leadership, and school administration support can
heavily influence their effectiveness.
This study aims to explore the role of environmental clubs in promoting civic engagement
and environmental stewardship among students by addressing key research questions.
Specifically, it will investigate whether environmental clubs significantly contribute to fostering
these traits and what factors, such as leadership or school support, influence their effectiveness.
Additionally, it will look into factors that encourage or hinder student participation, assess if
involvement in these clubs leads to environmentally friendly behaviors outside of school, and
examine the long-term effects of participation on students' civic engagement, environmental
stewardship, and overall well-being.
Conceptual Framework
Environmental clubs have been an important force in promoting environmental
awareness, education, and action. They have played a significant role in shaping public opinion,
influencing policy decisions, and inspiring individuals to take action to protect the environment.
Environmental clubs plays an important role in creating environmental awareness for the future
generation. Environmental clubs performs activities to save the environment, through activities
like planting trees, increasing pollution impact on the environment (Umer Abdela 2020). This
definition means to say Environmental clubs are groups of people who come together to
promote environmental awareness and take action to protect the environment. In connection
with the environmental clubs, civic engagement was developed. Civic engagement refers to the
involvement of students, teachers, and communities in activities that promote civic

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responsibility, active citizenship, and a sense of belonging to a larger society. It encompasses a
wide range of activities that aim to develop students' knowledge, skills, and values related to
civic participation.
RESEARCH PARADIGM
Independent Variable Dependent Variable
Environmental
Environmenta
l Civic Engagement
Clubs
Environmental
Independent Stewardship
Variable
The conceptual paradigm of the study is presented above. This study is quantitative. The
model of this paper was based on IVDV Model. In this study independent variable (IV) is the
Environmental Club's. The dependent variables (DV's) are Civic Engagement and
Environmental Stewardship among Junior and Senior High School Students
Research Questions
Generally, this research examine into the role of environmental clubs on student
development, specifically focusing on their potential to foster civic engagement, environmental
stewardship, and overall well-being.
Specifically, this answers the following questions:
1. Do environmental clubs significantly contribute to fostering civic engagement and
environmental stewardship among students?

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2. What factors, such as club activities, leadership, or support from school administration,
influence the effectiveness of environmental clubs in achieving these outcomes?
3. What factors contribute to or hinder student engagement and participation in environmental
clubs?
4.Do students who participate in environmental club activities exhibit more environmentally
friendly behaviors outside of the club?
5.What are the long-term effects of participation in environmental club activities on students'
civic engagement, environmental stewardship, and overall well-being?
Research Hypothesis
There is no significant difference between the role of environmental clubs in fostering
civic engagement and environmental stewardship.
Scope and Delimitation
This quantitative research study will primarily investigate the role and impact of
environmental clubs on students' civic engagement and environmental stewardship. The target
population will be students enrolled in Linao National High School. The respondents of this
study will be composed of 234 generally Grade 7 to Grade 12 students in Tuguegarao City. The

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duration of this study will be from the start to the end of the First and Second Semester for the
School Year 2024-2025.
Significant of the Study
This study examines the impact of environmental clubs on students, aiming to enhance
their civic engagement and environmental stewardship. By identifying effective club practices,
the study seeks to empower students to become active and responsible citizens. Additionally, it
aims to provide guidance to club leaders on designing impactful activities and fostering student
leadership. The findings will also inform schools about the potential benefits of supporting
environmental clubs and integrating them into the curriculum. Furthermore, the study will
contribute to the development of more effective youth engagement strategies by environmental
organizations and policymakers. Ultimately, this research aims to benefit society as a whole by
fostering a more informed and active citizenry, contributing to a sustainable future.
Definition of Terms
Civic Engagement: This refers to the active participation in the affairs of a community or
society. In the context of this study, civic engagement includes activities such as volunteering,
and advocating for social or environmental causes.
Environmental Stewardship: This is the responsible care for the natural environment. It
involves actions that protect and conserve natural resources, reduce pollution, and promote
sustainable practices.

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Environmental Clubs: These are student organizations that focus on environmental issues and
promote sustainable practices within their schools and communities. They may engage in
activities such as tree planting, waste reduction campaigns, and environmental education
programs.
Student Participation: This refers to the level of involvement and commitment of students in
environmental club activities. It includes factors such as attendance, participation in events, and
taking on leadership roles.
Leadership Roles: These are positions of responsibility within environmental clubs, such as
president, vice president and other positions. Students in leadership roles may have greater
opportunities to develop their leadership skills and influence the club's direction.
Perceived Civic Efficacy: This is an individual's belief in their ability to influence political
processes and make a difference in their community. It is a key factor in motivating civic
engagement.
Environmental Knowledge: This refers to an individual's understanding of environmental
issues and concepts. It includes knowledge of ecological principles, sustainability practices, and
the impacts of human activities on the environment.
Behavioral Intentions: These are an individual's plans or intentions to engage in specific
behaviors related to environmental stewardship, such as reducing waste, conserving energy, or
participating in environmental activism.

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Chapter 2
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter carries relevant literature and studies that have similarity or bearing on the
study. Thus, it will give important concepts and ideas for the development of the study.
Review of Related Literature
Environmental Clubs
Umer Abdela, (2020) Explain that the findings of those reports related to the selected
topic and an objective was organized from student and environmental perspectives from
different published and unpublished materials found. The review result concluded as it is a
wonderful opportunity to create awareness, build attitudes and help students take up activities in
real world in which the constraints of the classroom and curriculum will not allow. An
Environmental clubs can thus help to extend boundaries and scope of the formal educational
system encouraging creativity, and improving students fr constructive action. The environmental
activity performed by environmental club a group contributes for environmental conservation at
varies level from increasing awareness for community to direct intervention in conservation
works. Although environmental club contribution is evident there is also number of challenges
related financial and knowledge gaps. So increasing funding, training on Environmental
Education, Integration of Environmental Education in all primary and secondary school
curriculum, support from government and other donors should be with the Environmental club to
expect more result.

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Civic Engagement
Shenhui Fu,Jing Wang,Shangjing Zhao, (2024) Discuss that participation in club activities
not only contributes to general literacy but also, to some extent, to academic performance.
However, if too much involvement in clubs leaves an imbalance between clubs and academics,
it can have a negative impact on academics. Therefore, students can join relevant club and
participate in relevant activities to improve themselves without affecting their studies, depending
on their interests and schedule and the type of society. As there are still few studies on
university associations, the main contribution of this review is to discuss the strengths and
weaknesses of university associations from different perspectives, which will help other
researchers to have timely access to the relevant content when they conduct subsequent
reviews or empirical studies on associations. However, the current review is lacking in empirical
evident as the current study does not have much actual investigation of the relevant data.Future
research should focus more on empirical studies, where actual data leads to relevant
conclusions, which will make the research more accurate and convincing.

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Environmental Stewardship
According to Aleksandra N. PittORCID Icon,Courtney A. SchultzORCID Icon &Jerry J.
Vaske, (2019)This study aims that US Forest Service has a long history of youth conservation
education. We investigated U.S. Forest Service citizen science programs that involve secondary
school students in field collection of monitoring data to understand,how the programs integrated
science and environmental education and ,whether these programs advance ecological literacy
and environmental stewardship. We conducted semi-structured interviews with the program
leads, teachers, and students. Program leads and students said programs produced reliable
data and met monitoring and other U.S. Forest Service stewardship objectives. Although these
programs varied in design and objectives, our findings suggest these programs were
incorporating both science and environmental education, and there is some indication they are
creating ecological literacy among participants. Students exhibited environmental stewardship to
some degree as a result of all programs, but the extent of this is tied to programs’ objectives
and design.

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Student Participation
For students who are members or considering membership in an environmental club,
they could read the young adult novel, The First Rule of Climate Club Putnam, (2022) which
portrays an eighth-grade student, Mary Kate, participating in her middle school climate club.
Based on her observations of food waste in her school and discovering that waste is transported
from her suburb to a Black neighborhood in a nearby city, she and club members promote plans
for a community composting project for use in their suburban town. Moreover Beach & Smith,
(2023) States that, Teacher can also have students produce videos, posters, social media,
podcasts, or art to portray systems' negative impacts on ecosystems, for example, producing a
video on a large amount of food waste in a local landfill, as well as critiquing fossil fuel
companies use of media to promote disinformation on fossil fuel and climate change.
Leadership Development
Ruth Paragoso Sumague, (2023) States that involvement in extracurricular such as
joining in clubs and/or organizations influence the development of leadership skills of the
students. This also boost the student’s communications skills and improves academic
performance. Student’s involvement on clubs and organizations also helps community.
Researcher recommends that as a student, it is important to involve in extracurricular activities
to helps and improve skills as well as social development. Clubs and organizations has different
type of activities as well as students that helps in self-improvement good for future preference.

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Review of Related Studies
Lotfi Houmam,Ibourk Aomar(2023)Given the concerning environmental state on a global
scale and also in Morocco, environmental education becomes imperative to contribute to the
desired change towards more sustainable and responsible practices. In this context,
environmental clubs, as a form of environmental education, particularly catch our attention due
to their potential to raise awareness and mobilize the younger generation. Consequently, the
aim of this research was to assess the impact of environmental clubs on students'
environmental awareness and the adoption of eco-citizen behaviors. In the context of our study,
we adopted a quantitative research approach to objectively analyze the impact of environmental
clubs on students' environmental awareness and adoption of eco-citizen behaviors. To carry out
this analysis, we utilized the Propensity Score Matching method to control for selection biases
and ensure a valid comparison between students who participated and those who did not
participate in the environmental clubs. Our sample consisted of 255 students in the control
group and 241 students in the treatment group. Data were collected using a questionnaire
focused on assessing environmental awareness and the adoption of eco-citizen behaviors. This
data was then processed and analyzed using the SPSS software, allowing us to obtain
statistically reliable and relevant results.Results: The comparison of scores between the two
groups revealed a notable difference. Indeed, participating students displayed higher scores,
whether in the "awareness" aspect or in the "eco-citizen behavior" aspect. Furthermore, when
comparing the means using the t-test for independent samples, we observed significant results.
Consequently, we reject the null hypothesis, indicating that the observed difference is not due to

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chance but rather reflects a genuine effect of the environmental clubs on students' awareness
and Eco-citizen behaviors.Conclusions: In the present study, we concluded that environmental
clubs have a positive impact on students' environmental awareness and also contribute to the
adoption of Eco-citizen behaviors. These findings highlight the significance and relevance of
these clubs in the educational context. Therefore, it is imperative to take further action to
strengthen and generalize the presence and efficacy of these environmental clubs in
educational institutions, with the aim of fostering a generation that is both aware and proactive
regarding environmental challenges.
Civic engagement is recognized as a critical process to address environmental and other
societal issues. To examine the intersection between environmental education and civic
engagement, as reported in the peer-reviewed literature, we undertook a systematic mixed
studies review to identify environmental education program outcomes related to civic
engagement. The environmental education programs included in the final sample (n = 56)
occurred in a range of settings, involved diverse audiences, and were generally longer than a
month in duration. All 56 studies reported some level of positive findings, with 19 reporting civic-
related outcomes at the community level, such as community learning, community resilience,
partnership building, and increased social capital. Fifty studies reported civic-related outcomes
at the individual level, with civic attitudes being the most frequent. Increased civic skills and civic
knowledge were also commonly reported. Analysis revealed five themes related to
environmental education practices and implementation that appear to support development of
civic engagement: (1) focusing on the local community; (2) actively engaging learners through

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participatory and experiential approaches; (3) including action-taking as an integral part of the
education program; (4) emphasizing development of lifelong cognitive skills; and (5) providing
ongoing opportunities for participants to engage in meaningful social interaction.
Environmental clubs plays an important role in creating environmental awareness for the
future generation. Environmental clubs performs activities to save the environment, through
activities like planting trees, increasing pollution impact on environment. Environmental clubs is
a platform on which knowledge about environment is gained early during childhood. They offer
programs and activities to encourage others to reduce pollution, plant trees, and more through
voluntary group which promotes the participation of students in learning about, and improving
their environment. Therefore, this paper was sets out to review the impact of school based
environmental club on student and environment in general. The findings of those reports related
to the selected topic and an objective was organized from student and environmental
perspectives from different published and unpublished materials found. The review result
concluded as it is a wonderful opportunity to create awareness, build attitudes and help students
take up activities in real world in which the constraints of the classroom and curriculum will not
allow. An Environmental clubs can thus help to extend boundaries and scope of the formal
educational system encouraging creativity, and improving students for constructive action. The
environmental activity performed by environmental club a group contributes for environmental
conservation at varies level from increasing awareness for community to direct intervention in
conservation works. Although environmental club contribution is evident there is also number of
challenges related financial and knowledge gaps. So increasing funding, training on

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Environmental Education, integration of Environmental Education in all primary and secondary
school curriculum, support from government and other donors should be with the environmental
club to expect more result.
Alicia B. Wodika, Wendi K. Mid(2020)This study identified the attitudes and behaviors of
college students regarding their advocacy for climate change adaptation and mitigation.
Specifically, perceptions of climate change were assessed and advocacy activities were
identified for climate change and/or other topics. Using convenience sampling, students (n =
440) from three universities in the Midwest, the USA, completed surveys assessing their level of
agreement with activities related to civic engagement, climate change and policy. Semantic
differential scales focused on “learning about climate change,” “advocating for climate change
mitigation” and “advocating for climate change adaptation.” Three open-ended questions were
used to identify student experiences with civic engagement and/or service-learning, as well as
topics in which they advocate and how they advocate. Regarding advocacy in general, over
50% of the sample did not advocate for any topic, with 24.5% of students stating they advocated
for the environment/climate change. Students who identified as female, democratic and 1st or
2nd year in school were more likely to be engaged with environmental advocacy. Regarding
civic engagement, seniors were more actively engaged with their communities and also more
likely to vote in local, state and national elections. Time of data collection was a potential
limitation with schools conducting data collection at different time periods. Students who
identified more progressive politically were also more likely to participate in the study. While
research exists regarding student civic engagement levels, this research project identified ways

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in which students engaged in advocacy, identifying potential links with civic engagement and
enhanced participation in climate change adaptation and mitigation.
According to Adekunle Anthony Ogunjinmi,Adebayo Abraham Adewumi et.al(2023)This
study examined the impact of environmental clubs on secondary schools’ students with the aim
of determining students’ awareness of environmental problems, knowledge and connectedness
to nature. It is a cross-sectional survey. A structured, self-administered questionnaire was used.
Seven (7) public schools were randomly selected for this study. A total of 457 students of public
schools who were both members (313) and non-members (144) of environmental conservation
clubs were surveyed in Akure. Data were analyzed descriptively while the hypothesis was
tested with independent- test and simple linear regression. Level of awareness of environmental
problems among the students was higher with members of environmental conservation clubs
having a higher level of awareness than non-members. It also revealed that the respondents’
knowledge about nature was low and were more knowledgeable on the latest method of
biodiversity conservation (297 respondents), State bird of Nigeria (265 respondents), and what
is biodiversity (255). Members of environmental conservation clubs also had higher knowledge
about nature than non-members. The respondents’ connectedness to nature was very high,
members of conservation clubs had higher levels of connectedness to nature than non-
members. The study suggests that students’ membership of environmental clubs impacts
positively on their awareness of environmental problems, knowledge and connectedness to
nature. It is recommended that the role of environmental clubs is made more relevant within the

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curriculum so as to empower students’ with skills to promote more environmental awareness,
knowledge and connectedness to nature.

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The Role of Environmental Clubs in Fostering Students' Civic Engagement and Environmental
Stewardship: A Quantitative Study The Role of Environmental Clubs in Fostering Students' Civic
Engagement and Environmental Stewardship: A Quantitative Study
This study aims to examine the role of environmental clubs in fostering students' civic
engagement and environmental stewardship. We will look into how joining an environmental
club can influence students' behaviors, attitudes, and values towards environmental issues.
Additionally, we will identify the factors that contribute to the effectiveness of environmental
clubs in promoting civic engagement and environmental stewardship. By understanding these
factors, we can better support the development of effective environmental clubs and encourage
more students to participate in environmental action.
Problem-Based Learning and Sustainable Development

A Problem-Based Learning Activity to Learn about Sustainable Development
Chapter 3
Methodology
Research Design
This study aims to examine the role of environmental clubs in fostering students' civic
engagement and environmental stewardship. We will look into how participating an
environmental club activities can influence students' behaviors, attitudes, and values towards
environmental issues. Additionally, we will identify the factors that contribute to the effectiveness
of environmental club activities in promoting civic engagement and environmental stewardship.

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By understanding these factors, we can better support the development of effective
environmental clubs and encourage more students to participate in environmental action.
Sampling Procedure and Samples
A total of 234 Students generally and Grade 7: 34 respondents Grade 8: 34 respondents
Grade 9: 37 respondents Grade 10: 39 respondents Grade 11: 46 respondents Grade 12: 44
respondents specifically in Linao National High School participated as a sample of this study.
Respondents were asked to participate in this study questionnaire and other online platforms as
a technique of data collection. The sample included in this study are the students who are
participating in environmental activies of environmental clubs.
Data Gathering Methods
Data will be collected primarily through a self-administered survey questionnaire. The survey
instrument will be distributed to high school students who are participating in environmental club
activities in Linao National High School. The questionnaire will gather quantitative data on
participants' demographic information (age, gender, and grade level ), their level of involvement
in environmental clubs ( frequency of participation, and specific roles), their civic engagement
behaviors (volunteering, community service, voting), and their environmental attitudes and
values (beliefs, concerns, and willingness to take action)..
Data Analysis

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The collected data will be cleaned and coded to ensure accuracy and consistency. Descriptive
statistics will be used to summarize the demographic characteristics of the sample and to
describe the frequency and distribution of variables related to environmental club involvement,
civic engagement, and environmental attitudes. Correlational analysis will be employed to
examine the relationship between participation in environmental clubs and various measures of
civic engagement and environmental stewardship.

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Chapter 4
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
Table 1.
Frequency and percentage distribution of respondents according to age.
Age Frequency Percentage

18
19
20
Discussion of the table here…
Table 2.
Frequency and percentage distribution of respondents according to Gende.
Gender Frequency Percentage

Male
Female
Figure 1.
Frequency and Percentage distribution of respondents according to strand.

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Chart Title
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Category 1
HUMSS TVL STEM
Chapter 5
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
Summary of Findings
(The summary of findings will be discussed based on the presented research questions of the
study.)
Conclusion

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This study provides an insight on how externalized behaviors are affected and
manifested by adolescents through family influences, explicitly focusing on their parent’s
abusive behaviors such as aggressive tendencies, alcohol encouragement, level of intoxication
to alcohol, and general antisocial behaviors. With that, the study’s findings give importance to
how children are affected by external influences—namely, family influences on their
development and behaviors. To conclude, through the social learning theory and this data, it is
observable that the externalized behaviors that can be manifested by children can be affected
by the parents’ influences.
This could be inferred through children being impressionable in their formative years as
they grow up. For the aggressive behaviors of an adolescent, it can be observed that parent’s
aggressive tendencies and the other abusive behaviors parents exhibit can heavily influence
this as these domains are seen to be a significant predictor for onset manifestation for
aggression as an externalized behavior. We can say the same thing for the delinquency
variable; with aggression directly related to delinquency, we can infer from the data and the
theoretical approach that parents’ abusive behavior is also a solid and significant predictor for
delinquency being manifested as an externalized behavior. Since this study primarily focuses on
how family influences can affect how externalized behaviors are manifested, future research
could be done on how different influences in adolescents’ lives could affect them. Future studies
use Bandura’s concept on the Social Learning Theory, as well as other concepts and theoretical
frameworks, to understand further the ever-changing dynamics of a modern family and our
understanding of the emotional development of an adolescent.

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Recommendations
Based on the findings of the study, the following are hereby recommended:
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References

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Republic of the Philippines

The Role of Environmental Clubs in Fostering Students' Civic Engagement and

Environmental Stewardship: A Quantitative Study

Alan, Rein Yeshaiah S. Taguinod, John Lee P. Mora

Linao National High School

Academic Track / Humanities and Social Sciences

Dr. Raiza E. Mones

Address: Macababbad St., Linao Norte, Tuguegarao City, 3500

Republic of the Philippines

Engagement and Environmental Stewardship: A Quantitative Study” prepared and submitted by

requirements for the subject PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2.

RAIZA E. MONES, PhD

Approved by the Committee of Oral Examination with a rating of _______________ on

August 31, 2023.

CARLO M. DOMINGO ERICK P. BATTUNG

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject PRACTICAL

GLORIA C. LUZ, PhD

Address: Macababbad St., Linao Norte, Tuguegarao City, 3500

Republic of the Philippines

part of this research study.

and finish the study;

during the making of the study;

researchers to make this study as presentable as it is, thank you;

big thank you.

Address: Macababbad St., Linao Norte, Tuguegarao City, 3500

Republic of the Philippines

influence predicts Filipino adolescents' externalizing behaviors. As children are impressionable,

Keywords: Adolescents, Externalizing Behaviors, Family Influence, Social Learning

Theory, Perceived Abusive Behaviors of Parents

Address: Macababbad St., Linao Norte, Tuguegarao City, 3500

Republic of the Philippines

Overview or Background of the Study 9

Research Hypothesis (optional) 12

Scope and Delimitation 13

Significance of the Study 13

Chapter 2. Review of Related Literature and Studies 14

Address: Macababbad St., Linao Norte, Tuguegarao City, 3500

Republic of the Philippines

Chapter 3. Research Methodology 17

Sampling Procedure and Sample 19

Data Gathering Methods 20

Chapter 4. Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data 22

Chapter 5. Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations 26

Address: Macababbad St., Linao Norte, Tuguegarao City, 3500

Republic of the Philippines

Figure 1 Title of the figure 1

Address: Macababbad St., Linao Norte, Tuguegarao City, 3500

Republic of the Philippines

Table 1 Title of the table 1

Address: Macababbad St., Linao Norte, Tuguegarao City, 3500

Republic of the Philippines

The Problem and Its Background

Background of the Study

students the opportunity to engage in hands-on environmental activities, learn about

sustainability, and develop civic-mindedness.

involved in their communities. Students actively participated in tree planting, waste

and environmental stewardship.

approach encouraged students to take on leadership roles and contribute meaningfully to

environmental protection efforts.