Parts of Speech Students 24-25

Technology and Academic year :2024-2025
Industrial Sciences PARTS OF SPEECH IN ENGLISH

preparatory classes
1st year
Lead-in
Describe the picture
1- Write down what you see in the photograph

2- Write down some action words that might be taking place in the photograph
3- Write down some descriptive words that might apply to the nouns and verbs you listed.
4- Write down some statements about the picture you know are true.
nouns verbs Adjectives adverbs

-a sofa -Eat -happy -Comfortably
-child -smile - cozy -happily
-man - play
- woman
-laptop
-coffee table
-pillow
-The family is sitting comfortably in the living room.

- The man is holding a bowl of food.
- The laptop is on the round table.
What Are Parts Of Speech?
Parts of speech are word categories defined by their roles in sentence structures. These
categories are organized by the functions and meanings they convey. In English, there
are around ten common parts of
speech: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, in
terjections, determiners, and articles. .
interjection pron. conj det. adj. noun verb prep. noun adverb
.
Well, she and my young John walk to school slowly.
It's quite important to recognize parts of speech. This helps you to analyze sentences
and understand them. It also helps you to construct good sentences.
Open and Closed Word Classes
Closed word classes are parts of speech that do not have newer words introduced over
time. These include pronouns, conjunctions, determiners, and prepositions.
Open word classes are parts of speech that can have newer words introduced over time.
These include nouns, verbs, adjectives, interjections, and adverbs.
Different Parts of Speech
The Noun
A noun gives a name to something. There are different types of nouns like proper,
collective, possessive, and common nouns.
Examples:
Jeffrey, Korea, pen, New Year, dog, cat, elephant, garden, school, work, music, town, Manila,
teacher, farmer, Bob, Sean, Michael, police officer, France, coffee, football, danger,
happiness…
Common Noun names a general item.
 Here is a cup.
 Do you want a cake?
Proper Noun names a specific item.
 The capital of England is London.
 Sarah is beautiful.
Collective Noun refers to a group.
 The swarm of bees was headed straight towards our picnic.

 At church on Sunday, the choir sings loudly.
Possessive Noun shows ownership.
 This is my dog’s ball.
 That is Sarah’s friend.
The Verb
A verb describes an action or state. There are three main types: action, linking, and
modal verbs.
Examples:
Walk, is, seem, realize, run, see, swim, stand, go, have, get, promise, invite, listen, sing, sit,
laugh, walk…
Action Verb describes an action.
 The man walked down the street.

 I laughed at his joke.
 She ran to catch the bus before it left.
 The chef chopped the vegetables into small pieces for the salad.
Linking Verb connects the subject to a noun, adjective, or pronoun.
 Sarah feels cold.
 I am very tired.
 The flowers in the garden are blooming beautifully in the spring.
 The soup smells delicious and makes my mouth water.
Modal Verb helps the main verb and shows the speaker’s thoughts.
 I might walk to the park this afternoon.
 He can eat the last slice of cake.
 You must listen to me!
The Pronoun
A pronoun replaces a noun. There are various types of pronouns like reflexive, indefinite,
possessive, and relative pronouns.
Examples:
I, me, we, you, he, she, yours, himself, its, my, that, this, those, us, who, whom
Reflexive Pronoun refers to self.
 I am going to keep this last cupcake for myself.
 Peter always puts himself first.
Indefinite Pronoun refers to a non-specific person or item.
 Can you take all?
 I need to speak to someone about this rash on my arm.
Possessive Pronoun shows ownership.
 This bag is not yours, it’s mine.
 Her book is so new, while his looks vintage.
Relative Pronoun introduces an adjective clause.
 This is the woman who will be working with you.
 Is this the book that everyone is raving about?
The Adjective
An adjective describes a noun or pronoun.
Examples:
Beautiful, seven, cute, second, tall, blue, angry, brave, careful, healthy, little, old, generous,
red, smart, two, small, tall, some, good, big, useful, interesting…
Example sentences:
 This is a blue car.
 During the thunderstorm, we saw some heavy rain.
 My mother has short hair.
 The documentary on TV last night was very interesting.
 My son has an impressive collection of toy soldiers.
 The weather is hot and sunny today.
 My vacation was exciting.
 The leaves on that tree are green and large.
The Adverb
An adverb modifies an adjective, verb, or another adverb. Many adverbs end in -ly, but
not all do.
Examples:
Neatly, tomorrow, very, badly, fully, carefully, hardly, nearly, hungrily, never, quickly,
silently, well, really, almost…
Example sentences:
 This is an extremely attractive photograph.
 I have a very large pet dog.
 My car drives quickly.
 When I am running late for work, I eat my breakfast rapidly.
 The boy is crying loudly.
 She carefully preserved all his letters.
Determiners and Articles
Determiners and articles help clarify the nouns they introduce. Articles can be definite
(the) or indefinite (a, an).
Examples:
The, a, an, this, that, these, those, many, few, each, every, some, any, no, which, what
Example sentences:
 The cat is sleeping on a mat.
 Can an apple be green?
 This book is very interesting.
 Each student must bring their own lunch.
The Conjunction
A conjunction connects words, phrases, or clauses. Some common conjunctions
are and, but, or, so, because, and although.
Examples:
And, but, or, so, because, although, if, until, while, since, when, after, before, as
Example sentences:
 I want to buy a sandwich and a drink.
 She was tired but happy.
 You can go to the party or stay home.
 They were late because of the traffic.
 Although it was raining, we went for a walk.
The Preposition
A preposition shows the relationship of a noun (or pronoun) to another word. Common
prepositions include at, on, in, by, with, and about.
Examples:
At, on, in, by, with, about, above, below, between, during, for, from, over, under, through
Example sentences:
 The cat is on the roof.
 She sat by the window.
 We will meet at the park in the afternoon.
 The book is about a boy with a magical power.
The Interjection
An interjection is a word or phrase that expresses strong emotion or sudden exclamation.
Common interjections include wow, ouch, oh, and hey.
Examples:
Wow, ouch, oh, hey, ah, ugh, ew, hmm, yay, yikes, whoa, oops, aha, hurray, ew, oh no
Example sentences:
 Wow! That’s amazing!
 Ouch! That hurt.
 Oh! I didn’t see you there.
 Hey! Wait for me.
 Yay! We won the game.
Exercise 1 : reorder the following words to make meaningful sentences
1. the garbage / dispose of / properly / Please
2. clappled / entered / as/ santa claus / The children/happily
3. traveled / a way / tired / and / The/ man/long/had/was/old
4. milk /given / us / Our cow / today/has
5. all/ from /these/ Where / did / letters/come
6. the/sell/ furniture / We / in the market / tomorrow/will
7. flowers / bought / these / Who / beautiful
8. to/ digging / a hole / was / bury /the gold / The boy
9. during /the / the wrong / You made / moves/game
10. beats / cake / a homemade / Nothing
11. you/as/did//night//sleep/all/look/not/if/you
Exercise 2 : Complete the sentences with your own words. Make sure to use the correct
parts of speech.
1. Sam ate his lunch …………………………the ………………………………………………………
2. I ………………………………….every day Before I go ……………………………………………
3. I couldn’t find………………………………….., ……………………………………….. I borrowed one.
4. goué writes ………………………………………….. and he is a ……………………………… student
too.
5. I bought a ……………………………………..necklace…………………………..
the…………………………..today.
6. …………………………………………… ! that’s really ………………………………………….
7. …………………………………….. had never seen ……………………………….. before it was their
first time.
8. She can ………………………….. very…………………………………………………

Parts of Speech Students 24-25

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Technology and Academic year :2024-2025

Industrial Sciences PARTS OF SPEECH IN ENGLISH

1- Write down what you see in the photograph

nouns verbs Adjectives adverbs

-The family is sitting comfortably in the living room.

Well, she and my young John walk to school slowly.

 The swarm of bees was headed straight towards our picnic.

 The man walked down the street.

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