Applied Econ Lesson 4
Applied Econ Lesson 4
Applied Econ Lesson 4
Applied Economics
Quarter 4 – LESSON 4:
Effects of the Various Socio-Economic
Factors Affecting Business and Industry
Lesson 1: Explain the Effects of the Various Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Business and
Industry
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Lesson
Explain the Effects of the Various Socio-
1 Economic Factors Affecting Business and
Industry
What’s In
In the previous lesson, you have learned about industry and environmental analysis in particular SWOT
Analysis. As you go through the lesson, I want you to do a word search to check if you still remember the
following terms about socio economic factors affecting the business and industry.
R E C D I T I S R O S G N I V A S C E S M C
G N P O M E D S E G A T R O H S S H S E I I
S T N A N K M A C R O E C I N I M H C S X M
K A P L E S C O M M A N D N I M P O R T S O
E D A M C A U I T A L T R T D E O U F L D N
L A B O R M S M A R C I T E V I R S S E R O
G M I C R O E C E N T A X R S C O E I D O C
P I H S R I E N E R P E R E N E C H G S I E
P O S I L I V E E C O N O S I C S O D E V O
N O R P A T I V E E C O N T M I C L P O A I
G D S P E N D I N G E V I T A L E D O O H C
A U S O L U T E S S R O T S E V N I N E E O
S P S U P P L I E R S C O S T R A H I N B S
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To understand more about the socio economic factors affecting business and industry, Let us
read first a part of an article written by Manny Ayala of Rappler dated April 20,2020.
Entrepreneurs turn up
It is classic entrepreneurial stuff – see a problem and figure out how to solve it, whether or not you have
the resources to do it. Linda Rottenberg, the founder of the non-profit Endeavor, has a great line that
describes the situation neatly: “When economies turn down, entrepreneurs turn up.”
Mind you, these entrepreneurs have all been walloped as hard as the rest. As I write, most are going
through unprecedented declines in their business and are scrambling to conserve cash, reduce expenses
and pivot the business to be ready for the inevitable recovery from this pandemic.
But in the middle of this chaos, they have also been moved to do something concrete to help the country.
Entrepreneurs are defined by how they respond to a crisis, which as the Chinese word for crisis suggests
is the co-existence of danger and opportunity. The great ones are those who find opportunity in the face of
danger. The great ones do right by all the stakeholders they serve: employees, customers, shareholders,
suppliers and the communities they operate in. The great ones rise to the occasion when the moment
demands it of them.
In the words of the Count of Monte Cristo – a man who lost everything then gained it back: “Life is a storm,
my young friend. You will bask in the sunlight one moment, be shattered on the rocks the next. What makes
you a man is what you do when that storm comes.”
Below is a list of some of the noteworthy initiatives I have seen in the little Endeavor community in the
Philippines. In the middle of a storm, this is how entrepreneurs rise to the occasion.
Abetina is the founder of Equilife Medical, a company that provides medical services and equipment to
ICUs in hospitals in the Philippines. When COVID-19 started to escalate, Abet and her team scrambled to
get all the critical care equipment at their disposal - such as ventilators - to the hospitals that needed them
most. As with all hospitals they have stepped up their efforts to send their nurses, respiratory therapists
and engineers into the frontline, at ng theigreat personal risk to themselves.
Paul is the co-founder and CEO of Kalibrr, a technology company that aims to transform how candidates
find jobs and how companies hire talent. Currently, his team is partnering with bld.ai, a technology company
founded by Danny Castonguay. The COVID Sentinel mission is to detect, manage, and defeat pandemics.
The sentinel surveillance system not only aggregates high quality data from public sources, but also
collects targeted data from sources such as sewage testing and patient symptoms tracker apps. This
intelligence is put in the hands of doctors for tactical solutions and researchers for systemic interventions.
After reading the article, you now have an initial idea about the lesson. But before we begin
the lesson, answer the following:
2. In your opinion, what are the social and economic factors that the business owners
considered in creating their business?
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What’s New
This lesson will focus on various socio economic impacts on the following sectors such as
consumers, suppliers and households.
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To affect consumers’ behavior, you have to communicate a message or present
consumers with information. Consumers’ are more likely to respond to material that
connects on an emotional level, and surprise combined with repeated episodes of joy
or humor is effective.
If you solve a common problem for consumers more effectively than your
competitors, or solve it at substantially lower cost, you can influence consumers to
switch to your brand. Your message emphasizes the higher value consumers
get when they solve their problem using your products. The key is to make sure
your products meet the expectations of consumers.
The level of service customers experience when dealing with your company can
have a profound effect on customer behavior. Customers who experience bad service
will not buy from your company again, and are more likely to share their
negative experiences with friends and online. Your customer service goal must be
to deliver flawless service every time a customer interacts with your business. The
effects on customer behavior result in a positive reputation for your company and
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Factors that Impact Business and Consumer Confidence
With policymakers in the major economics working hard to restore and maintain
confidence levels and shifts in sentiment indicators playing a key role in risk
assessments of investors, it is worthwhile to consider the various influences on this
qualitative economic measure.
Several common factors that have the potential to cause marked shifts in sentiment
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Selecting the Right Suppliers
It is important to select suppliers carefully as suppliers can affect the businesses they provide
goods to. If a supplier provides a poor quality product to a firm, it may affect
the firm’s reputation as the firm will need to use the goods or sell them onto their
customers. Similarly, if a supplier provides a slow or poor service, this may slow down
the service the business provides to its customers.
Example: Does it have good cash flow and strong balance sheet?
Example: How much can the supplier comfortably provide and what is its
maximum?
Example: How quickly does the supplier expect payment and method of payment?
Supplier Management
After agreeing a contract with a supplier it is important to monitor the supplier’s performance to
ensure that they are providing the service that was agreed with them.
Some firms will agree targets known as Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that suppliers
Businesses are reliant on suppliers; suppliers provide the tools a business needs to operate. If a
firm manages to negotiate a favorable contract with the right supplier they are likely to benefit.
However, the wrong supplier or unfavorable supplier contract is
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likely to have a detrimental effect. If things go wrong with a supplier it may take time to switch
suppliers and even if you do manage to switch suppliers quickly it could take time to recover from
the effects of a poor supplier.
1. Household income – some goods are normal goods while others are inferior, so
increases in income encourage households to shift spending from goods with a
low income elasticity of demand, like food, to those with high income elasticity of
demand, like holidays.
2. Tastes and Fashions – over time spending on certain items that are ‘in fashion’
increase relative to those that go out of fashion.
3. Taxes and Subsidies – as indirect taxes and subsidies rise and fall, households
will be encouraged or discouraged from spending.
4. Relative Prices – as the prices of certain goods and services rise in relation to
others, household spending will adjust.
Determinants of Spending
Some extra spending is induced by changes in the current level of national income. As
income rise, customers tend to increase their spending on higher income elastic goods
and services, such as luxuries, holidays and leisure goods. When income falls
households may postpone spending on these luxuries until income rise again.
3. Expectations
If households are confident, and have positive expectations about the future, current
spending can rise. This can lead to economic growth, and re – enforce the positive
expectations.
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4. Unemployment
Changes in tax can clearly affect disposable, post – tax income, and hence affect
household spending.
6. Interest Rates
By altering the level of saving – a rise in interest rates will stimulate more saving, and
less spending.
By altering the cost of funding existing debts such as mortgages and bank loans. For
example, a rise in interest rates will divert household funds towards the higher loan
payments and away from general spending.
By altering the cost of new credit, and thus encouraging or discouraging household
borrowing. For example, a rise in interest rates will deter new borrows, who may
postpone borrowing until rate fall back.
By altering expectations and confidence. For example, rising interest rates will subdue
confidence and create a ‘wait and see’ attitude by households, who may postpone
certain spending until expectations improve.
WORKSHEET
Activity 1. Below are logos of companies that are well known in the Philippines. I want you to
choose two (2) companies of your preference and answer the question: As a consumer, what
are the different factors that will make you buy their products or services? Write your answer
in a separate sheet of paper.
10 PT. RUBRIC 10 points- comprehensive and analytical 8-9 points- well written and some
includes analysis; 5-7 points-well written but lacks analysis; 2-4 points- weak essay; 1 point
Poorly written and lack strength
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Activity 2. Fill Me In
Instruction: This activity is called “FILL ME IN”. Your task now is to classify the given
descriptions inside the box to which they necessarily belong. You may indicate your answers
by writing on the space provided.
____________________ ____________________
____________________ ____________________
Now, after discussing the lesson. I want you to answer the enumeration to
test your understanding about the lesson.
What are the factors that will lead the household to spend his/her money. Write five
(5) factors and explain each in the space provided below.
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In this part of the module, the teacher would like to know how you can apply the lesson in real
life situation.
ESSAY:
If you are a consultant in a business and the owners ask you recommend a supplier. What
kind of supplier will you recommend and why?
5 PT. RUBRIC
Assessment
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet
of paper.
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11. When household shift their spending due to increase in the price of goods then this
is a result of change in __________________.
a. Household income c. taxes and subsidies
b. taste and fashion d. relative price
12. When household over spending depends items bought because it’s trendy then this
is a result of change in_______________.
a. Household income c. taxes and subsidies
b. taste and fashion d. relative price
13. Individuals or companies that provide materials and tools needed in the operation of
the business.
a. Entrepreneur c. Consumer
b. Suppliers d. Investor
14. The unemployed cannot afford to buy more goods and services because of
_________________.
a. Lower personal income c. High income
b. No income d. Donations
15. A rise in spending means ___________________.
a. More income c. Personal wealth
b. Economic growth d. All of the above