BET’S

BASAVAKALYAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE,BASAVAKALYAN

Approved by AICTE and Affilated to VTU Belagavi[ISO Certified:9001-2015]

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Academic Year 2023-2024

Principles of Programming using C Laboratory(BPOPS103/203)

I/II Semester
(Common to all branches)

Approved by

HOD(CSE)
Question 1

Simple Calculator

Simulation of a Simple Calculator.

C Code

/***************************************************************************
*File : A01Calculator.c
*Description : Program to simulate a commercial calculator
*Date : 10 August 2023
***************************************************************************/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<math.h>

int main()
{
int iChoice, iOperand1, iOperand2;
char cOperator;

for(;;)
{
printf("\nEnter the arithmetic expression(Do not add spaces in
the expression)\n");
scanf("%d%c%d", &iOperand1, &cOperator, &iOperand2);
switch(cOperator)
{
case '+': printf("\nResult = %d", iOperand1 + iOperand2);
break;

case '-': printf("\nResult = %d", iOperand1 -iOperand2);

break;

case '*': printf("\nResult = %d", iOperand1 *iOperand2);

break;
case '/': printf("\nResult = %g", (float)iOperand1 /
iOperand2);
break;

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 1

 case '%': printf("\nResult = %d", iOperand1 %iOperand2);
break;
}
printf("\nPress 1 to continue and 0 to quit : ");
scanf("%d", &iChoice);
if(0==iChoice)
{
break;
}
}
return 0;
}

Output

Enter the arithmetic expression

4+6
Result = 10

Press 1 to continue and 0 to quit : 1

Enter the arithmetic expression

2-9
Result = -7

Press 1 to continue and 0 to quit : 1

Enter the arithmetic expression

5*2
Result = 10

Press 1 to continue and 0 to quit : 1

Enter the arithmetic expression

8/4
Result = 2
Press 1 to continue and 0 to quit : 1

Enter the arithmetic expression

15%4
Result = 3
Press 1 to continue and 0 to quit : 0

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 2

Question 2
Quadratic Equation

Compute the roots of a quadratic equation by accepting the coefficients. Print

appropriate messages.

C Code

/***************************************************************************
*File : A02Quadratic.c
*Description : Program to find the roots of a Quadratic Equation
*Date : 10 August 2023
***************************************************************************/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<math.h>
int main(void)
{
float fA,fB,fC,fDesc,fX1,fX2,fRealp,fImagp;
int iState;

printf("\n*************************************************************");
printf("\n*\tPROGRAM TO FIND ROOTS OF A QUADRATIC EQUATION\t *\n");
printf("*************************************************************");

printf("\nEnter the coefficients of a,b,c \n");

scanf("%f%f%f",&fA,&fB,&fC);
if(0 == fA)
{
printf("\nInvalid input, not a quadratic equation - try again\n");
exit(0);
}
/*COMPUTE THE DESCRIMINANT*/
fDesc = fB * fB - 4 * fA * fC;
((0 == fDesc) ? (iState = 1):((fDesc > 0) ? (iState = 2) : (iState = 3)));
switch(iState)

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 3

 {
case 1:
fX1 = fX2 = -fB/(2*fA);
printf("\nRoots are equal and the Roots are \n");
printf("\nRoot1 = %g and Root2 = %g\n",fX1,fX2);
break;
case 2:
fX1 = (-fB+sqrt(fDesc))/(2*fA);
fX2 = (-fB-sqrt(fDesc))/(2*fA);
printf("\nThe Roots are Real and distinct, they are \n");
printf("\nRoot1 = %g and Root2 = %g\n",fX1,fX2);
break;
case 3:
fRealp = -fB / (2*fA);
fImagp = sqrt(fabs(fDesc))/(2*fA);
printf("\nThe Roots are imaginary and they are\n");
printf("\nRoot1 = %g+i%g\n",fRealp,fImagp);
printf("\nRoot2 = %g-i%g\n",fRealp,fImagp);
}
return 0;
}

Output

* PROGRAM TO FIND ROOTS OF A QUADRATIC EQUATION *

*************************************************************
Enter the coefficients of a,b,c
1 -5 6
The Roots are Real and distinct, they are

Root1 = 3 and Root2 = 2

*************************************************************
* PROGRAM TO FIND ROOTS OF A QUADRATIC EQUATION *
*************************************************************
Enter the coefficients of a,b,c
144
Roots are equal and the Roots are
Root1 = -2 and Root2 = -2
*************************************************************
* PROGRAM TO FIND ROOTS OF A QUADRATIC EQUATION *

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 4

*************************************************************
Enter the coefficients of a,b,c
133
The Roots are imaginary and they are

Root1 = -1.5+i0.866025 Root2 = -1.5-i0.866025

*************************************************************
* PROGRAM TO FIND ROOTS OF A QUADRATIC EQUATION *
*************************************************************
Enter the coefficients of a,b,c
012

Invalid input, not a quadratic equation - try again

***************************************/

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 5

Question 3

Electricity Bill

An electricity board charges the following rates for the use of electricity: for
the first 200 units 80 paise per unit: for the next 100 units 90 paise per unit:
beyond 300 units Rs 1 per unit. All users are charged a minimum of Rs. 100 as
meter charge. If the total amount is more than Rs 400, then an additional
surcharge of 15% of total amount is charged. Write a program to read the
name of the user, number of units consumed and print out the charges.

C Code

/***************************************************************************
*File : A03ElectricBill.c
*Description : Program to perform a binary search on 1D Array
*Date : 10 August 2023
***************************************************************************/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int main(void)
{
char cName[30];
int iUnits;
const int iMinCharge = 100;
const double dSlab1 = 0.8;
const double dSlab2 = 0.9;
const double dSlab3 = 1.0;
const double dSurcharge = 0.15;
double dBillAmount = 0.0;

printf("\nEnter the name of the customer : ");

scanf("%s", cName);
printf("\nEnter the number of units consumed : ");
scanf("%d", &iUnits);
dBillAmount += iMinCharge;
if(iUnits <= 200)

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 6

 {
dBillAmount += iUnits*dSlab1;
}
else if(iUnits > 200 && iUnits <= 300)
{
dBillAmount += (200*dSlab1)+((iUnits-200)*dSlab2);
}
else
{
dBillAmount += (200*dSlab1)+(100*dSlab2)+((iUnits-300)*dSlab3);
}
if(dBillAmount > 400)
{
dBillAmount += dBillAmount * dSurcharge;
}
printf("\nElectricity Bill\n===================================");
printf("\nCustomer Name\t: %s", cName);
printf("\nUnits Consumed\t: %d", iUnits);
printf("\nBill Amount\t: %0.2lf Rupees\n\n", dBillAmount);
return 0;
}

Output

/***************************************
Enter the name of the customer : Ramesh
Enter the number of units consumed : 457

Electricity Bill
===================================
Customer Name : Ramesh
Units Consumed 457
Bill Amount : 583.05 Rupees

Enter the name of the customer : Sayeed

Enter the number of units consumed : 150

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 7

Electricity Bill
===================================
Customer Name : Sayeed
Units Consumed 150
Bill Amount : 220.00 Rupees

Enter the name of the customer : Jaswinder

Enter the number of units consumed : 300

Electricity Bill
===================================
Customer Name : Jaswinder
Units Consumed 300
Bill Amount : 350.00 Rupees

Enter the name of the customer : Shyam

Enter the number of units consumed : 182

Electricity Bill
===================================
Customer Name : Shyam
Units Consumed 182
Bill Amount : 245.60 Rupees
*********
===================================

Enter Customer name:BABU

Enter number of units consumed: 260

ELECTRIC BILL
Name : BABU
Units Consumed : 260 units
Bill Minimum = 100.00 Rs
200 * 80 paise = 160.00
60 * 90 paise = 54.00
Total Bill Charges = 314.00 Rs

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 8

Question 4

Printing Pattern

Write a C Program to display the following by reading the number of rows as

input

C Code

/***************************************************************************
*File : A04Pattern.c
*Description : Program to print a Pattern
*Date : 10 August 2023
***************************************************************************/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int main()
{
int iNum, iSp_cnt, iNum_cnt, iVal, i, j, k;
printf("Enter the number of rows : ");
scanf("%d", &iNum);
iSp_cnt = iNum - 1;
iNum_cnt = 1;

for(i=0;i<iNum;i++)
{
iVal = 1;
for(j=0;j<iSp_cnt;j++)
{
printf(" ");
}
for(k=0;k<iNum_cnt;k++)
{
if(k <= iNum_cnt/2)
{
printf("%d ", iVal);
iVal++;
}

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 9

 else
{
iVal--;
printf("%d ", iVal-1);
}
}
printf("\n");
iSp_cnt--;
iNum_cnt += 2;
}
return 0;
}

Output

/****************************

Enter the number of rows : 3

1
121
12321

Enter the number of rows : 4

1
121
12321
1234321

Enter the number of rows : 5

1
121
12321
1234321
123454321
**********************************/

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 10

Question 5

Binary Search

Implement Binary Search on Integers.

C Code

/***************************************************************************
*File : A05BinarySearchIntegers.c
*Description : Program to perform a binary search on 1D Array of Integers
*Date : 10 August 2023
***************************************************************************/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int main(void)
{
int iaArr[100],iNum,i,iMid,iLow,iHigh,iFound,iKey;

printf("\nEnter the number of elements\n");

scanf("%d",&iNum);

printf("\nEnter the elements in ascending order\n");

for(i=0;i<iNum;i++)
scanf("%d",&iaArr[i]);

printf("\nEnter the key element\n");

scanf("%d",&iKey);

iFound = 0;
iLow = 0;
iHigh = iNum-1;
while(iLow <= iHigh)
{
iMid = (iLow+iHigh)/2;
if(iKey == iaArr[iMid])

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 11

 {
iFound = 1;
break;
}
else if(iKey < iaArr[iMid])
{
iHigh = iMid-1;
}
else
{
iLow = iMid+1;
}
}

if(iFound)
printf("\nKey element %d found at position %d\n",iKey,iMid+1);
else
printf("\nKey element not found\n");

return 0;
}

Output

/****************************
Enter the number of elements
5

Enter the elements in ascending order

13579

Enter the key element

8

Key element not found

===============================================
Enter the number of elements
4

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 12

Enter the elements in ascending order
1457

Enter the key element

5

***************************************/

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 13

Question 6

Matrix Multiplication

Implement Matrix multiplication and validate the rules of multiplication.

C Code

/***************************************************************************
*File : A06MatrixMul.c
*Description : Program to implement Matrix Multiplication
*Date : 10 August 2023
***************************************************************************/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
int iM, iN, iP, iQ, i, j, k, iaMat1[10][10], iaMat2[10][10];
int iaProd[10][10] = {0};

printf("\n*********************************************************");
printf("\n*\tPROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT MATRIX MULIPLICATION\t*\n");
printf("*********************************************************");

printf("\nEnter the order of Matrix1\n");

scanf("%d%d",&iM,&iN);

printf("\nEnter the order of Matrix2\n");

scanf("%d%d",&iP,&iQ);

if( iN != iP)
{
printf("\nMatrix Multiplication not possible\n");
exit(0);
}
printf("\nEnter the elements of Matrix 1\n");
for(i=0;i<iM;i++)

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 14

 for(j=0;j<iN;j++)
scanf("%d",&iaMat1[i][j]);

printf("\nEnter the elements of Matrix 2\n");

for(i=0;i<iP;i++)
for(j=0;j<iQ;j++)
scanf("%d",&iaMat2[i][j]);

for(i=0;i<iM;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<iQ;j++)
{
for(k=0;k<iN;k++)
{
iaProd[i][j] += iaMat1[i][k] * iaMat2[k][j];
}
}
}
printf("\nMatrix 1\n");

for(i=0;i<iM;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<iN;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",iaMat1[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n");

printf("\nMatrix 2\n");

for(i=0;i<iP;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<iQ;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",iaMat2[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 15

 }
printf("\n");

printf("\nThe Product matrix is is \n");

for(i=0;i<iM;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<iQ;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",iaProd[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}

Output

* PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT MATRIX MULIPLICATION *

*********************************************************
Enter the order of Matrix1
23

Enter the order of Matrix2

45

Matrix Multiplication not possible

*********************************************************
* PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT MATRIX MULIPLICATION *
*********************************************************
Enter the order of Matrix1
23
Enter the order of Matrix2
32

Enter the elements of Matrix 1

123

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 16

456

Enter the elements of Matrix 2

12
34
56

Matrix 1
1 2 3
4 5 6

Matrix 2
1 2
3 4
5 6

The Product matrix is is

22 28
49 64

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 17

Question 7

Compute Sine and Cosine of an Angle

Compute sin(x)/cos(x) using Taylor series approximation. Compare your

result with the built-in library function. Print both the results with
appropriate inferences.

C Code

/***************************************************************************
*File : A07SineCosAngle.c
*Description : Program to calculate Sin(x)/Cos(x) using Taylor series
*Date : 10 August 2023
***************************************************************************/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>

int main()
{
float fAngD, fAngR;
float fTerm, fNum, fDen, fSVal,fCVal;
int i,iNum;
printf("\nEnter the Angle : ");
scanf("%f",&fAngD);
printf("\nEnter the Number of terms : ");
scanf("%d",&iNum);
printf("\nInput Angle = %g\n",fAngD);
printf("No of terms = %d\n",iNum);

fAngR= (fAngD*M_PI)/180 ;

//Calculation of Sine of an angle using Taylor's series

fNum=fAngR;
fDen=1.0;
fSVal =0.0;
fTerm=fNum/fDen;
for(i=1;i<=iNum;i++)

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 18

 {
fSVal = fSVal + fTerm;
fNum = -fNum * fAngR * fAngR ;
fDen = fDen * (2*i) * (2*i+1);
fTerm = fNum/fDen;
}

//Calculation of Cosine of an angle using Taylor's series

fNum=1.0;
fDen=1.0;
fCVal =0.0;
fTerm=1.0;
for(i=1;i<=iNum;i++)
{
fCVal = fCVal + fTerm;
fNum = -fNum * fAngR * fAngR ;
fDen = fDen * (2*i) * (2*i-1);
fTerm = fNum/fDen;
}

printf("\nCalculated value is :\nSin(%g)/Cos(%g) = %g\n",fAngD, fAngD,

fSVal/fCVal);
printf("\nBuilt In function value is :\nSin(%g)/Cos(%g) = %g\n", fAngD, fAngD,
sin(fAngR)/cos(fAngR));

return 0;
}

Output
/***************************************

Enter the Angle : 60

Enter the Number of terms : 12

Input Angle = 60 No of terms = 12

Calculated value is :
Sin(60)/Cos(60) = 1.73205

Built In function value is :

Sin(60)/Cos(60) = 1.73205

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 19

=========================================

Enter the Angle : 30

Enter the Number of terms : 3

Input Angle = 30 No of terms = 3

Calculated value is :
Sin(30)/Cos(30) = 0.577334

Built In function value is :

Sin(30)/Cos(30) = 0.57735
=========================================

Enter the Angle : 45

Enter the Number of terms : 11

Input Angle = 45 No of terms = 11

Calculated value is :
Sin(45)/Cos(45) = 1

Built In function value is :

Sin(45)/Cos(45) = 1
***************************************/

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 20

Question 8
Bubble sort.
Sort the given set of N numbers using Bubble sort.

C Code

/***************************************************************************
*File : A08BubbleSort.c
*Description : Program to implement Bubble Sort Algorithm
*Date : 10 August 2023
***************************************************************************/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int main(void)
{
int iNum, i, j, iaArr[10], iTemp;

printf("\n*************************************************");
printf("\n*\tPROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT BUBBLE SORT\t*\n");
printf("*************************************************");

printf("\nEnter no of elements\n");
scanf("%d",&iNum);

printf("\nEnter the elements\n");

for(i=0;i<iNum;i++)
scanf("%d",&iaArr[i]);

for(i=0;i<iNum;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<iNum-i-1;j++)
{
if(iaArr[j] > iaArr[j+1])

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 21

 {
iTemp = iaArr[j];
iaArr[j] = iaArr[j+1];
iaArr[j+1] = iTemp;
}

}
}
printf("\nThe Sorted array is \n");

for(i=0;i<iNum;i++)
printf("%d\t",iaArr[i]);

printf("\n");
return 0;
}

Output

/***************************************
*************************************************
* PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT BUBBLE SORT *
*************************************************
Enter no of elements
5
Enter the elements
21657
The Sorted array is
1 2 5 6 7
*************************************************
* PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT BUBBLE SORT *
*************************************************
Enter no of elements
6
Enter the elements
975310
The Sorted array is
0 1 3 5 7 9

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 22

Question 9

String Operations

Write functions to implement string operations such as compare,

concatenate, and find string length. Use the parameter passing techniques.

C Code

/***************************************************************************
*File : A09StringFunctions.c
*Description : Program to implement string operations as functions
*Date : 10 August 2023
***************************************************************************/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int fnMyStrCmp(const char*, const char*);

void fnMyStrCat(char*, const char*);
int fnMyStrLen(const char*);

int main()
{
int iChoice;
char acStr1[30], acStr2[30];
int iLen;
printf("\n=====================\n");
printf("STRING OPERATIONS");
printf("\n=====================\n");
for(;;)
{
printf("\nEnter two strings\n");
printf("\nString 1 : ");
scanf("%s", acStr1);
printf("\nString 2 : ");
scanf("%s", acStr2);
printf("\n1.String Compare\n2.String Concatenate\n3.String Length");
printf("\nEnter your choice : ");

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 23

 scanf("%d", &iChoice);
switch(iChoice)
{
case 1: if(fnMyStrCmp(acStr1, acStr2) == 0)
printf("\nTwo strings are equal");
else if(fnMyStrCmp(acStr1, acStr2) > 0)
printf("\nString %s is greater than String %s", acStr1, acStr2);
else
printf("\nString %s is greater than String %s", acStr2, acStr1);
break;

case 2: fnMyStrCat(acStr1, acStr2);

printf("\nConcatenated String is\n%s", acStr1);
break;

case 3: iLen = fnMyStrLen(acStr1);

printf("\nLength of String %s is %d\n", acStr1, iLen);
iLen = fnMyStrLen(acStr2);
printf("\nLength of String %s is %d\n", acStr2, iLen);
break;

}
printf("\nPress 1 to continue and 0 to quit : ");
scanf("%d", &iChoice);
if(0==iChoice)
{
break;
}
}
return 0;
}

int fnMyStrCmp(const char *s1, const char *s2)

{
int k;
for(k=0; s1[k] == s2[k] && s1[k]!='\0'&& s2[k]!='\0'; k++);

if( k==(fnMyStrLen(s1)) && k==(fnMyStrLen(s2)) )

{
return 0;

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 24

 }
else if(s1[k] > s2[k])
{
return 1;
}
else
{
return -1;
}
}

void fnMyStrCat(char *dest, const char *src)

{
int dest_len, i;
dest_len = fnMyStrLen(dest);
for (i = 0 ; src[i] != '\0' ; i++)
dest[dest_len + i] = src[i];
dest[dest_len + i] = '\0';
}

int fnMyStrLen(const char *str)

{
int iLen;
for(iLen=0; str[iLen] != '\0'; iLen++);
return iLen;
}

Output

/***************************************

=====================
STRING OPERATIONS
=====================

Enter two strings

String 1 : shiva

String 2 : shankar

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 25

1.String Compare
2.String Concatenate
3.String Length
Enter your choice : 2

Concatenated String is
shivashankar
Press 1 to continue and 0 to quit : 1

Enter two strings

String 1 : ramesh

String 2 : sumesh

1.String Compare
2.String Concatenate
3.String Length
Enter your choice : 1

String sumesh is greater than String ramesh

Press 1 to continue and 0 to quit : 1

Enter two strings

String 1 : sam

String 2 : samantha

1.String Compare
2.String Concatenate
3.String Length
Enter your choice : 3

Length of String sam is 3

Length of String samantha is 8
Press 1 to continue and 0 to quit : 0

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 26

Question 10

C Structures

Implement structures to read, write and compute average- marks and the
students scoring above and below the average marks for a class of N
students.

C Code

/***************************************************************************
*File : A10StudentStructure.c
*Description : Program to implement structure and compute average marks
*Date : 10 August 2023
***************************************************************************/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define STRSIZE 30

typedef struct
{
char cName[STRSIZE];
char cUSN[11];
int iMarks;
}STUDENT_TYPE;

int main(void)
{
STUDENT_TYPE students[100];
int iNum, i;
double dAvg = 0.0;

printf("\nEnter the number of students : ");

scanf("%d", &iNum);

printf("\nEnter the Student details\n");

for(i=0;i<iNum;i++)
{

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 27

 printf("\n###############################");
printf("\nName : "); scanf("%s", students[i].cName);
printf("\nUSN : "); scanf("%s", students[i].cUSN);
printf("\nMarks : "); scanf("%d", &students[i].iMarks);
dAvg += students[i].iMarks;
}

dAvg /= iNum;

printf("\nThe average marks for the class is : %g\n", dAvg);

for(i=0;i<iNum;i++)
{
printf("\n###############################");
printf("\nName\t: %s", students[i].cName);
printf("\nUSN\t: %s", students[i].cUSN);
printf("\nMarks\t: %d", students[i].iMarks);
if(students[i].iMarks < dAvg)
printf("\nThe student has scored below average\n");
else
printf("\nThe student has scored above average\n");
}

return 0;
}

Output

/***************************************
Enter the number of students : 4
Enter the Student details
=========================================
Name : Raju
USN : 1SI17CS036
Marks : 67
=========================================
Name : Michael
USN : 1SI17CS045
Marks : 87

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 28

=========================================
Name : Sahana
USN : 1SI17CS405
Marks : 77
=========================================
Name : Jonathan
USN : 1SI17CS025
Marks : 83

The average marks for the class is : 78.5

=========================================
Name : Raju
USN : 1SI17CS036
Marks : 67
The student has scored below average
=========================================
Name : Michael
USN : 1SI17CS045
Marks : 87
The student has scored above average
=========================================
Name : Sahana
USN : 1SI17CS405
Marks : 77
The student has scored below average
=========================================
Name : Jonathan
USN : 1SI17CS025
Marks : 83
The student has scored above average
***************************************/

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 29

Question 11

Pointers and Arrays

Develop a program using pointers to compute the sum, mean and standard
deviation of all elements stored in an array of N real numbers.

C Code

/***************************************************************************
*File : A11MeanVarianceSD.c
*Description : Program to compute Mean, Variance and Standard Deviation
using pointer to an array
*Date : 10 August 2023
***************************************************************************/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<math.h>
int main(void)
{
int i,iNum;
float fMean = 0.0f, fVariance = 0.0f, fSd = 0.0f,faArray[100],fSum=0.0f;
float *fptr;

printf("\nEnter the number of Values : ");

scanf("%d",&iNum);
fptr = faArray;
/* fptr = (float*)malloc(iNum*sizeof(float));*/
printf("\nEnter %d values\n", iNum);
for(i=0; i<iNum; i++)
{
scanf("%f",fptr+i);
fSum += *(fptr+i); //fSum += fptr[i]; this is also valid
}
fMean = fSum/iNum;

for(i=0; i<iNum; i++)

{
fVariance += (fptr[i] - fMean)*(fptr[i] - fMean);

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 30

 //fVariance += (*(fptr+i) - fMean)*(*(fptr+i) - fMean);
}
fVariance /= iNum;
fSd = sqrt(fVariance);
printf("\nThe values entered are");
for(i=0; i<iNum; i++)
{
printf("\t%g",fptr[i]); //printf("\n\t%f",*(fptr+i));
}
printf("\n");

printf("\n**************************************\n");
printf("\tSum\t = \t%g\n\tMean\t = \t%g\n\tVariance = \t%g\nStandard Deviation =
\t%g",fSum,fMean,fVariance,fSd);
printf("\n**************************************\n");
return 0;
}

Output

/***************************************
Enter the number of Values : 4

Enter 4 values
1.1 2.2 3.3 4.4

The values entered are 1.1 2.2 3.3 4.4

**************************************
Sum = 11
Mean = 2.75
Variance = 1.5125
Standard Deviation = 1.22984
**************************************
============================================================
Enter the number of Values : 5

Enter 5 values
5.345 6.765 7.234 8.675 9.765

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 31

The values entered are
5.345 6.765 7.234 8.675 9.765

**************************************
Sum = 37.784
Mean = 7.5568
Variance = 2.34995
Standard Deviation = 1.53295

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 32

Question 12

File Copy

Write a C program to copy a text file to another, read both the input file
name and target file name.

C Code

/***************************************************************************
*File : A12FileCopy.c
*Description : Program to copy a text file to another
*Date : 10 AUGUST 2023
***************************************************************************/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
FILE *fp1,*fp2;
int ch;
char fname1[100], fname2[100];
printf("\nEnter File name to be copied\n");
scanf("%s",fname1);
fp1 = fopen(fname1,"r");

if(fp1 == NULL)
{
printf("\nInput File %s doesn't exist\n", fname1);
exit(0);
}

printf("\nEnter target File name\n");

scanf("%s",fname2);

fp2 = fopen(fname2,"w");
while((ch=fgetc(fp1)) != EOF)
{
fputc(ch,fp2);
}

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 33

 printf("\nFile %s successfully created\n",fname2);
fclose(fp1);
fclose(fp2);
return 0;
}

Output

/**************************************************
Enter File name to be copied
out9.c

Enter target File name

out99.c

File out99.c successfully created

===============================================

Enter File name to be copied

secret.txt

Input File secret.txt doesn't exist

**************************************************/

DEPT of CSE BKEC, Basavakalyan Page 34