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Logistics Handbook
Logistics Handbook
Inventory and Production Control
Erick C. Jones
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Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data
Names: Jones, Erick C., author.

Title: Supply chain engineering and logistics handbook : inventory and
production control / authored by Erick C. Jones.
Description: Boca Raton : CRC Press, an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group,
2019. | Includes bibliographical references.
Identifiers: LCCN 2019015737| ISBN 9781138066519 (hardback : alk. paper) |
ISBN 9781315159096 (ebk.)
Subjects: LCSH: Business logistics—Handbooks, manuals, etc. | Inventory
control—Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Classification: LCC HD38.5 .J646 2019 | DDC 658.7—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019015737
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and the CRC Press Web site at

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Contents
Preface.....................................................................................................................................................xiii
Acknowledgments..................................................................................................................................... xv
Author..................................................................................................................................................... xvii
Part 1 Understanding Global Supply Chain Engineering

1 Introduction to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the Supply Chain................................... 3
Erick C. Jones
1.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 3
1.2 Other Industrial Revolutions.................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Supply Chain Envisioned for the Fourth Industrial Revolution.............................................. 4
1.4 National Research Agenda on SC............................................................................................ 6
2 Global Supply Chain Engineering Definitions..............................................................................11

Erick C. Jones
2.1 History of Global Supply Chain Management.......................................................................11
Review Questions...............................................................................................................................31
2.2 GSC Engineering Supply Chain Planning Levels................................................................. 32
2.3 Global Supply Chain Engineering Planning Supports Operational Optimization............... 32
2.4 Cyber-Enabled Best Practices for Success............................................................................ 36
2.5 Information Use in the Supply Chain.................................................................................... 37
2.6 Inventory in the Supply Chain............................................................................................... 42
2.7 Business Responsiveness....................................................................................................... 43
2.8 Summary................................................................................................................................ 45
End of Chapter Questions................................................................................................................. 45
References......................................................................................................................................... 46
3 Evaluating the Impact of Sustainability and Pipeline Quality on the Global Crude Oil
Supply Chain................................................................................................................................... 49
Erick C. Jones and Sunny Paraskumar Jain
3.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 49
3.2 Research Significance............................................................................................................ 50
3.3 Research Questions and Hypothesis.......................................................................................51
3.4 Research Purposes..................................................................................................................51
3.5 Background............................................................................................................................ 52
3.6 Research Methodology.......................................................................................................... 63
3.7 Results.................................................................................................................................... 68
3.8 Conclusion.............................................................................................................................. 82
Appendix 3.A: U.S. Petroleum and Other Liquids Production, Estimated Consumption, and
Net Imports (1995–2013) (million barrels per day)............................................................... 87
Appendix 3.B: U.S. Net Imports of Crude Oil and Petroleum Products from Saudi Arabia,
Canada, Russia, and Colombia (2004–2014) (thousand barrels per day).............................. 88
v
vi Contents
Appendix 3.C: Russia Crude Oil Production, Consumption, and Net Exports (1992–2013)
(thousand barrels per day)...................................................................................................... 88
Appendix 3.D: Colombia Crude Oil Production, Consumption, and Net Exports (1990–
2013) (thousand barrels per day)........................................................................................... 89
References......................................................................................................................................... 89
Part 2 Basic Knowledge for Global Supply Chain Engineering

4 Forecasting in Global Supply Chain Engineering....................................................................... 95
4.1 Forecasting............................................................................................................................. 95
4.2 Aggregate Planning..............................................................................................................114
4.3 Solving Aggregate Planning Problems by Linear Programming: An Example................. 130
4.4 The Linear Decision Rule.....................................................................................................133
References....................................................................................................................................... 139
5 Inventory Control...........................................................................................................................141
Erick C. Jones
5.1 Inventory Carrying Costs.....................................................................................................141
5.2 Inventory Flows....................................................................................................................145
5.3 Fixed-Order-Interval System............................................................................................... 146
5.4 Just-in-Time Inventory Systems............................................................................................147
5.5 R FID and Inventory Control................................................................................................147
5.6 Automatic Replenishment.....................................................................................................147
5.7 Safety-Stock Reduction.........................................................................................................148
5.8 Picking and Routing.............................................................................................................148
5.9 Order Batching of Waves......................................................................................................148
5.10 Summary...............................................................................................................................149
References........................................................................................................................................149
6 ERP Systems...................................................................................................................................151
Erick C. Jones and Gowthaman Anantakrishnan
6.1 Research Summary...............................................................................................................151
6.2 Background and Introduction...............................................................................................152
6.3 Research Question, Hypothesis, and Objectives..................................................................168
6.4 Research Methodology and Data Collection........................................................................169
6.5 Results...................................................................................................................................171
6.6 Conclusion............................................................................................................................ 196
6.7 Limitations and Future Research......................................................................................... 196
Appendix 6.A: Survey..................................................................................................................... 196
References....................................................................................................................................... 196
7 Logistics in Global Supply Chain Engineering.......................................................................... 201

Erick C. Jones
7.1 Logistics............................................................................................................................... 201
7.2 Summary.............................................................................................................................. 209
End of Chapter Questions............................................................................................................... 209
7.3 Facilities Layout....................................................................................................................210
7.4 Modeling Procedure.............................................................................................................211
7.5 Layout Improvement Alternatives and Numerical Results...................................................214
Contents vii
7.6 Computer-Aided Program Algorithm Approach (BLOCPLAN).........................................214

7.7 Discussion and Conclusion...................................................................................................214
References........................................................................................................................................214
Part 3 Research Design in Global Supply Chain Engineering

8 Analyzing Variability.....................................................................................................................219
Erick C. Jones
8.1 Introduction to Lean Six Sigma Levels................................................................................219
8.2 Introduction...........................................................................................................................219
8.3 Establishing Baseline............................................................................................................219
8.4 Baseline Performance Metrics............................................................................................. 220
8.5 Analysis Tools.......................................................................................................................231
8.6 Analytical Tools................................................................................................................... 235
8.7 Review Questions................................................................................................................ 237
8.8 Understanding Hypotheses.................................................................................................. 237
Review Questions............................................................................................................................ 244
8.9 x-y Process Map................................................................................................................... 245
8.10 Failure Mode and Effect Analysis....................................................................................... 245
8.11 Failure Mode and Effect Analysis Process Steps................................................................ 247
8.12 Risk Assessment and RPN................................................................................................... 248
8.13 Types of FMEA................................................................................................................... 248
8.14 Multi-vari Studies, Process Capability, and Regression.......................................................251
8.15 Regression............................................................................................................................ 254
8.16 Fitted Line Plot.................................................................................................................... 256
8.17 Residuals.............................................................................................................................. 257
8.18 Multiple Regression............................................................................................................. 257
8.19 Simple Linear Regression Model......................................................................................... 258
8.20 The Method of Least Squares.............................................................................................. 259
8.21 Logistics Regression.............................................................................................................261
8.22 Process Capability Analysis................................................................................................ 262
8.23 Process Capability for Normal Distribution........................................................................ 263
8.24 Process Capability Indices................................................................................................... 264
8.25 Process Performance........................................................................................................... 265
8.26 Process Performance Metrics.............................................................................................. 266
8.27 Rolled Throughput Yield..................................................................................................... 266
8.28 Chi-Squared Analysis of Contingency Tables..................................................................... 266
References....................................................................................................................................... 271
9 How Total Quality Management and Lean Six Sigma Drove Need for Supply Chain
Integration..................................................................................................................................... 273
Erick C. Jones
9.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 273
9.2 Perspectives on Quality....................................................................................................... 275
9.3 TQM and Quality Overview................................................................................................ 277
9.4 W hat If Quality Is Too Expensive to Justify?...................................................................... 279
9.5 Integrating TQM with LSS Techniques.............................................................................. 283
9.6 Voice of the Customer......................................................................................................... 285
viii Contents
9.7 Project Tracking................................................................................................................... 305

9.8 Tools Used in Yellow Belt.................................................................................................... 308
Review Questions.............................................................................................................................311
9.9 Tools Used in Green Belt......................................................................................................314
Review Questions.............................................................................................................................319
9.10 Black Belt............................................................................................................................. 322
Appendix: A Relationship between Six Sigma and Malcolm Baldrige Quality Award...................331
The Baldrige Model for Quality.......................................................................................................331
Six Sigma Methodology...................................................................................................................331
The Baldrige Model and Six Sigma.................................................................................................332
Integrating Six Sigma with the Baldrige Model.............................................................................. 334
Conclusion....................................................................................................................................... 336
References....................................................................................................................................... 337
10 A Relationship between Six Sigma and Malcolm Baldrige Quality Award............................ 339
Mellat-Parast M. and Erick C. Jones
10.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 339
10.2 The Baldrige Model for Quality.......................................................................................... 339
10.3 Six Sigma Methodology....................................................................................................... 340
10.4 The Baldrige Model and Six Sigma..................................................................................... 340
10.5 Implementing Six Sigma within the Baldrige Model...........................................................341
10.6 Integrating Six Sigma with the Baldrige Model.................................................................. 342
10.7 The Case for Motorola......................................................................................................... 342
10.8 Conclusion............................................................................................................................ 344
References....................................................................................................................................... 344
11 Evaluating Increasing Hospital Closure Rates in U.S.: A Model Framework and Lean
Six Sigma Deployment Approach for Quality Improvement Initiatives to Prevent
Further Closures in Rural and Disadvantaged Locations........................................................ 347
Soma Sekar Balasubramanian and Erick C. Jones
11.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 347
11.2 Purpose of this Research..................................................................................................... 348
11.3 Research Objectives............................................................................................................. 348
11.4 Background.......................................................................................................................... 349
11.5 Methodology........................................................................................................................ 358
11.6 Analysis/Results.................................................................................................................. 366
11.7 Contribution to the Body of Knowledge.............................................................................. 400
11.8 Conclusions and Discussions............................................................................................... 400
Appendix 11.A ............................................................................................................................... 402
References....................................................................................................................................... 405
12 TQM Case Study........................................................................................................................... 409

Erick C. Jones
12.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 409
12.2 Background.......................................................................................................................... 409
12.3 Network Modeling Steps Incorporated into a Six Sigma Service Project...........................411
12.4 Case Description...................................................................................................................412
12.5 Implications for the Technical Manager...............................................................................415
12.6 Conclusions...........................................................................................................................415
References........................................................................................................................................416
Contents ix
Part 4 Technology in Global Supply Chain Engineering

13 The Internet of Things (IoT) Technologies and the Tracking of Supply Chain Assets..........419
Erick C. Jones
13.1 Introduction to AIT Technologies........................................................................................419
13.2 Automatic Information Technologies...................................................................................419
13.3 Radio Frequency Identification.............................................................................................421
13.4 Global Positioning System....................................................................................................432
13.5 RTLS.................................................................................................................................... 434
13.6 Differences in Using RFID, RTLS, and GPS.......................................................................435
13.7 Automation in Warehousing................................................................................................ 437
14 Evaluating the Impacts of the Internet of Things to Reduce Runway Incursions.................. 443
Samuel Innanore Okate and Erick C. Jones
14.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 443
14.2 Purpose of This Research.................................................................................................... 445
14.4 Organization of this Dissertation......................................................................................... 447
14.5 Background.......................................................................................................................... 447
14.6 Methodology........................................................................................................................ 454
14.7 Experimental Procedure...................................................................................................... 459
14.8 Results and Conclusions...................................................................................................... 460
Appendix 14.A: Human Causal Element Data Collection per Airport............................................478
References....................................................................................................................................... 483
15 A Methodology to Evaluate Obsolete Inventory in Healthcare................................................ 485

Erick C. Jones and Rama K. Thummalapalli
15.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 485
15.2 Background.......................................................................................................................... 487
15.3 Research Objective.............................................................................................................. 496
15.4 Research Methodology........................................................................................................ 497
15.5 Model Validation................................................................................................................. 503
15.6 Conclusion............................................................................................................................ 509
Appendix 15.A.................................................................................................................................510
Appendix 15.B.................................................................................................................................511
References........................................................................................................................................512
16 Manufacturing Feasibility Evaluation of RFID Chips Embedded in Artificial Organs........515

Maurice Cavitt, Erick C. Jones, and Deijing Kong
16.1 Introduction...........................................................................................................................515
16.2 Methods................................................................................................................................516
16.3 Discussion and Conclusion...................................................................................................517
Acknowledgment..............................................................................................................................517
References........................................................................................................................................517
Part 5 New Trends in Global Supply Chain Engineering

17 Embedding Integrated RFID Sensors into Fiber Reinforced Plastics During the
Manufacturing Process.................................................................................................................521
Billy Joe Gray, Felicia Jefferson, and Erick C. Jones
17.1 Introduction...........................................................................................................................521
17.2 Purpose for this Research.................................................................................................... 522
x Contents

17.4 Organization of this Dissertation......................................................................................... 524
17.5 Background.......................................................................................................................... 525
17.6 Results.................................................................................................................................. 542
17.7 Conclusions and Discussions............................................................................................... 578
References........................................................................................................................................581
18 Secure Documents with RFID and Potential Blockchain Implications................................... 583

Erick C. Jones
18.1 Secure Document RFID Applications................................................................................. 583
References....................................................................................................................................... 586
19 Evaluating the Impact of Sleep Disruptions in Women through Automated Analysis.......... 587
Shalini Gupta, Felicia Jefferson, and Erick C. Jones
19.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 587
19.2 Research Purpose................................................................................................................ 590
19.3 Organization of This Dissertation....................................................................................... 590
19.4 Background...........................................................................................................................591
19.5 Research Methodology........................................................................................................ 601
19.6 Results.................................................................................................................................. 607
19.7 Contribution to the Body of Knowledge.............................................................................. 623
Appendix 19.A: Software Code...................................................................................................... 627
Appendix 19.B: Sensors Data......................................................................................................... 648
References....................................................................................................................................... 667
20 Evaluating the Impact of Sustainability Incentives to Optimize the Indonesian to the

United States Crude Oil Supply Chain....................................................................................... 673
Restu P. Suanarto and Erick C. Jones
20.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 673
20.2 Background...........................................................................................................................675
20.3 Methodology........................................................................................................................ 678
References....................................................................................................................................... 682
21 Using Six Sigma to Evaluate Automatic Identification Technologies to Optimize

Broken-Case Warehousing Operations....................................................................................... 687
Christopher A. Chung and Erick C. Jones
21.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 687
21.2 Background.......................................................................................................................... 688
21.3 Research Objective.............................................................................................................. 688
21.4 Results.................................................................................................................................. 693
21.5 Discussion............................................................................................................................ 693
Acknowledgments........................................................................................................................... 693
References....................................................................................................................................... 694
22 Railroad Car Tracking by an RFID System to Organize Traffic Flow.................................. 695

Erick C. Jones, Mehmet Eren, and James R. Bubbels
22.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 695
22.2 Methodology........................................................................................................................ 697
22.3 Simulation Results............................................................................................................... 698
22.4 Conclusion............................................................................................................................ 699
References....................................................................................................................................... 699
Contents xi
23 Logistics Ecosystems......................................................................................................................701
Juan Marcos Castillo
23.1 Smart Logistic Hubs.............................................................................................................701
23.2 Value-Added Logistics Services: The Panama Canal Example.......................................... 702
23.3 Data Analytics to Optimize Decision-Making Processes................................................... 705
23.4 Design and Analysis of Computer Experiments for Simulation......................................... 706
References........................................................................................................................................719
Index........................................................................................................................................................721
Preface
With the “Modern SCM for SMOR”, we hope to establish concepts and principles by which students,
supply chain management, logistics engineers, and operations research and management practitio-
ners and researchers will learn about Modern techniques for Supply Chain Management (SCM) in the
Service, Manufacturing, and Operations Research (SMOR) fields. Also, we will expand on how this field
is modernizing with concepts with ideas on the internet of things (IoT), Radio Frequency Identification
(RFID) and Automatic Identification (AutoID) enabling technologies, and cloud-based collaboration
IT technologies that process BIG DATA to optimize the supply chain.
The text is organized into three sections that focus on supply chain (SC) history, how the SC are
connected today, and where the SC field is going with current research. The overall intellectual merit
of the text is that it introduces a framework similar to sundial that allows an organization to determine
where their company may fall on the Supply Chain Technology Scale. The text will describe those
who are using more historic technologies, some companies that are using current collaboration tools
for connecting their SC to other global supply chains (GSCs), and the SCs that are moving more toward
cutting-edge technologies.
Student Learning Outcomes: Upon completion of this course, the student is expected to have
demonstrated his/her ability to know and properly use:
1. Forecasting techniques and their applications

2. Aggregate planning techniques for production operations
3. Inventory control management techniques in production operations
4. Scheduling for production operations
5. Push and pull production control systems: material resource planning (MRP) and just-in-time
(JIT).
Some features of this book, which make it unique, are that it:
1. Presents a decision model for choosing the best Supply Chain Engineering (SCE) strategies for
Service and Manufacturing Operations with respect to Industrial Engineering and Operations
Research techniques
2. Presents an economic comparison model for evaluating SCE strategies for manufacturing
outsourcing as opposed to keeping operations in house
3. Demonstrates how to integrate automation techniques such as RFID into planning and
distribution operations
4. Summative history of multiple Industrial Engineering techniques on manufacturing and s ervice
industries that impact the GSCs
5. Case studies of SC inventory reductions using automation from automatic information
technology (AIT) and RFID Research from Dr. Jones’s RFID Supply Chain Lab
6. Case studies from Industrial Engineering consultants
7. Planning and scheduling classroom theory and problems
8. Transportation and SC classroom theory and problems.
Our overall goal for this text is for it to allow students to learn modern Industrial Engineering used
in modern GSC operations, allow military personnel and contractors to learn and use it with respect
to SC operations including modern automation Unique Item Identifier (UID) standards, and allow
xiii
xiv Preface
practitioners to learn and integrate the techniques into scheduling and planning operations at all levels,
from the strategic GSC level to the tactical scheduler and inventory control levels.
In general, we hope this text will be used as an academic text, practitioner’s handbook, and m
ilitary
contractor’s guide for using modern SC strategies that inform engineers, managers, and strategic
planners and can be used to educate individuals and organizations on how to cost-justify, understand,
and implement modern SC strategies, technologies, and large-scale re-engineering initiatives.
MATLAB® is a registered trademark of The MathWorks, Inc. For product information, please contact:
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Web: info@mathworks.com
Acknowledgments
This book is the product of many long hours, hard work, and perseverance of not only the author but
also the strong team that supported this extensive effort. I wish to acknowledge the many members who
contributed to and were inspirational in this effort.
I want to thank first of all God, and my savior, his son Jesus Christ, for giving me the strength and
interest to complete this extensive task. Next, I want to thank my family—Erick, Chelsey, Morgan,
Christopher, Matthew, Darlene, George, Ranita, Shirley, Malcolm Sr., Felicia, Dwight, and Shelly—for
motivating me. I want to thank my graduate students for their enthusiasm to support this project and a
few of those who are not referenced in the text: Dhruvi, the real taskmaster; Dhaval; Krishna; Sathish;
Pranesh; and Jenish. I also wish to thank my colleagues and staff at the University of Texas at Arlington,
including Peter, Dereje, Lynn, Anand, Paul, Ann, Kimetha, and Sandra.
I want to thank my friends and colleagues at the National Science Foundation for providing additional
inspiration about the future: Jim, Karen, Dean, Nirmala, Earnestine, Giselle, Susan, Joerg, Criselda,
Tierra, Sean, Tyrone, Art, Leroy, James, Talitha, Heather, Andrea, Chi-Chi, Abi, Celeste P., Celeste,
Bob, Don, Paige, Bruce, Junhong, Eduardo, Tammie, Khershed, and Latanya. I may have missed some-
one, but it was great working with everyone.
I want to specially thank all my PhD and master’s thesis students for their contribution to the text.
I want to express my thanks to Dr. Billy Gray and Dr. Felicia Jefferson for their individual efforts to
enhance the text.
Also, I want to thank George and Elizabeth Pickett for the Endowed Professorship at the University of
Texas at Arlington; without their generous support, I could not have continued my research in the area
and completed this book.
I want to acknowledge all the great companies and representatives I have worked for in the sup-
ply chain world over the years, especially Tompkins and Associates; James Tompkins has been a life-
long inspiration. Others include the United Parcel Service, my first engineering job; Academy Sports
and Outdoors, my first Engineering Management and Executive Leadership opportunity; and Arthur
Anderson, LLP, where I was in leadership at the Executive level. I want to thank my alma mater, both
University of Houston, Central, and of course the Aggies, Texas A&M University, College Station.
I also want to thank the following professional organizations: the Institute of Industrial and Systems
Engineers (IISE), American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE), and American Association for
the Advancement of Science (AAAS). I also want to acknowledge the National Academies (NA) and
the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) for their inspirational activities that motivate me to keep
extending the boundaries of the Grand Challenges.
Thank you
Erick C. Jones
xv
Author
Dr. Erick C. Jones is a noted US Engineering Scientist. His fundamental theory on automated inventory
control, quality control, and management has impacted the fields of supply chain management, indus-
trial manufacturing, and industrial and systems engineering. He is the George and Elizabeth Pickett
Endowed Professor of Industrial, Manufacturing and Systems Engineering and Associate Dean for
Graduate Studies in the College of Engineering at the University of Texas at Arlington (UTA). Jones
joined UTA in 2010 after eight years at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, where he rose to the rank
of Associate Professor with Tenure. He served as the Deputy Director of the UT Arlington Homeland
Security focused University Center SAVANT, and he serves as the current Director of the (RFID &
Auto-ID) RAID labs at UTA.
Dr. Jones’s background led him to be invited to National Science Foundation (NSF) as Program
Officer for the largest Engineering Investment in the country, the Engineering Research Center (ERC).
Also given his impact on graduate students he worked in the largest fellowship program in the country:
NSF Graduate Research Fellowships Program (GRFP). Until recently, Dr. Jones has served as a rotating
Program Director at the NSF. His programs included the GRFP, the Graduate Research Internship
Program (GRIP), and the Workforce Strand of the Education Core Research Program in the Education
and Human Resources Directorate. His last NSF detail was as a Program Director for the ERCs in
the Engineering Directorate. Dr. Jones was one of only a few program directors to serve in two NSF
Directorates.
Academic background
Dr. Jones graduated from Texas A&M University with a bachelor’s degree in industrial engineering in
May 1993. He later earned a master’s degree from the University of Houston, Houston, Texas, where
his thesis was “Turnover of Part-Time Hourly Employees in an Industrial Service Company” under
the guidance of Dr. Christopher Chung in May 1996. He further went on to obtain a PhD in industrial
engineering from the University of Houston while concurrently working in industry. Under the guidance
of his advisor, Dr. Chung, he worked on the topic “A Predictive SPC Model for Determining Cognitive
Voluntary Turnover before Physical Departure” and successfully conferred PhD in August 2003.
Industry background
Dr. Jones boasts a broad background that spans both industry and academia. Dr. Jones has held posi-
tions in industry that include Industrial Engineering Specialist, Director of Engineering, Consultant
and Project Manager, and Executive Manager of a “Big 5” Accounting firm, and Executive Manager
for United Parcel Service (UPS), Tompkins Associates, Academy Sports and Outdoors, and Arthur
Andersen.
He managed teams and operations as small as 3 people and as large as 500 people. He has managed
projects implementing warehouse management systems (WMS) and enterprise resources planning
(ERP) system, designing and constructing new facilities, and reengineering Fortune 1000 organiza-
tions. Operations managed include strategic systems deployment, teams of large-scale distribution
operation, and human resources at an executive level. He is an expert in the field of supply chain optimi-
zation, distribution logistics, and inventory control. His contribution has laid foundation for our modern
understanding of the Internet of Things (IOT), Blockchain, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Auto
UD, and Supply Chain Technologies.
xvii
xviii Author
Pioneering the RFID technology

In 2003, soon after obtained his PhD degree Dr. Jones moved to academia bringing with him the
industrial experience that revolutionized the shape of industrial engineering in further years. His
unique background positioned him to develop one of the first and largest academic RFID labs in the
country. While working as a newly hired Assistant Professor, Dr. Jones opened the RFID Supply
Chain Logistics (RfSCL) lab in Lincoln, Nebraska, to aid in the advances of RFID in automatic data
capture technology. The RfSCL goal was to utilize the accepted industry Six Sigma methodologies to
define industry p roblems and, in the process of solving problems, identify and pursue relevant research
opportunities. The industry–university focus has led to his lab becoming one of the National Science
Foundation’s Industry University Cooperatives (NSF I/UCRC) in the Centers for Engineering Logistics
and Distribution (CELDi).
His research projects focused majorly on four areas: logistics systems analysis and design, supply chain
modeling, material flow design and improvement, and intelligent systems. In the RfSCL, p rojects were
either applied research or theoretical research models. RFID applied research concentrated on areas such
as RFID and bar code integration into WMS and ERP systems or RFID in industrial a pplications such
as conveyors which changed the face of logistics.
Theoretical research models for RFID included RFID integration into GPS/GIS or alternate active
tag standard development. Supply chain applied research focused on facility/transportation network
modeling and RFID and bar code systems integration for inventory. Theoretical research models
included mathematical modeling inventory polices and stochastic modeling of supply chain networks.
His students worked on innovative projects like dealing with RFID include embedded RFID license
plates (DOT), ROW underground RFID tags (TxDOT), and RFID RTLS (NASA), and corporate supply
chain analysis and grain terminal network analysis.
Universal acclaim for the advancements in RFID technology

Dr. Jones continues this research today, which includes a research project that led to RFID being
shipped and utilized at NASA on the International Space Station (ISS) in 2013. NASA has deployed
its “Project RFID” for use on the ISS, which includes using an RFID reader with both bar coding and
RFID capabilities. This was developed in collaborating with Dr. Jones lab (https://blog.atlasrfidstore.
com/nasa-rfid-never-lost-space).
Dr. Dwight Mosby, Dr. Jones’ former student and current manager at Manager, Payload Operations
Director Office at NASA, mentioned “Some astronauts have tweeted from space about the usefulness of
the RFID technology.”
Six Sigma, quality control, and quality management

Dr. Jones brings industry experience in quality implementations as a former consultant. He is an
American Society for Quality (ASQ) Certified Six Sigma Black Belt. He originated and directed a
university-level Six Sigma black belt program for several years. The program expanded to a state-level
program with an industry and university certification board. He is the Chairman for the International
Supply Chain Education Alliance (ISCEA)—Industry Technology Board, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay (IITB) that certifies the training programs, exams and review process for the ISCEA technology
RFID supply chain management (RFIDSCM), and Six Sigma programs.
His biggest impact to the day in his opinion remains the implementation of yellow belt certification in
developing countries. This enabled the underprivileged students who could not afford to go to college
in India, Sri Lanka, and USA to obtain certification in yellow belt, which enhanced their understanding
of and paved ways towards the bright industrial careers. Understanding the Pareto Analysis, fish bone
diagram and flowcharting enhanced their skills and opportunities for getting hired.
Author xix
Supply chain management, manufacturing, and industrial engineering

Dr. Erick C. Jones currently works at the University of Texas at Arlington. He is the George and Elizabeth
Pickett Endowed Professor of Industrial, Manufacturing and Systems Engineering, and Associate Dean
for Graduate Studies in the College of Engineering. In an effort to support the marriage of industry’s
supply chain needs like automatic identification technology with academia’s theoretical applications, he
has created a Radio Frequency and Auto Identification Labs (RAID).
Recently, Dr. Jones’ interdisciplinary research with chemists and physicists, neuroscientists and
surgeons, and bio- and biomedical engineers is leading to translational and commercial research for
important national programs including the BRAIN initiative, Homeland Security and Safety, and Smart
Planet initiatives. His research partnerships range from medical schools, international airports, and
international university collaborations.
Academically, Dr. Jones has received over $9 million dollars in funding for academic research projects,
from organizations such as NASA, The NSF, Department of Transportation, and US State Department to
name a few. Dr. Jones’ research activities are internationally recognized in the areas of automated data
capture using RFID technologies, Quality Control at the Six Sigma level, and Manufacturing Technologies
that support the development of “Auto Sensing” technologies. He has published over 165 manuscripts
including 3 textbooks. As part of his research efforts, he has advised over 34 master’s students and 16
PhD students along with 32 undergraduate research students on sponsored research projects.
Dr. Jones’ current focus is on RFID research for the U.S. Department of Transportation, the
Department of Defense Transportation Command, and NASA JSC. His research interests include RFID,
RTLS, and satellite technology development and testing with respect to inventory control. Other research
areas include supply chain logistics, Six Sigma quality engineering management, and knowledge worker
turnover.
The purpose of this facility is to support project initiatives like RFID, logistics (supply chain
engineering), manufacturing (Six Sigma and Lean initiatives), and information technology (ERP,
WMS). The facility’s goal is to enhance the industrial engineering field by utilizing some of the research
methodologies to provide solutions in the areas of RFID, supply chain logistics, and engineering
management. The mission of the RfSCL is “providing integrated solutions in logistics and other data
driven environments through automatic data capture, real world prototypes, and analysis.” Equipment
used in the lab include active and passive tags/readers and software (Matrics, Alien, Samsys, IMPINJ,
SERIT), hytrol conveyor, and GCS WMS, HP5555 Mobile Active Reader and Software, RF Code active
tags, and SAVI Active Tags and Reader (WMRM/WORM). The methodology utilized for research in
the lab is known as DFSS (Design for Six Sigma), which is similar to the Six Sigma DMAIC methodol-
ogy. The seven steps in this methodology are define, measure, analyze, identify, design, optimize, and
verify. The RfSCL team consists of approximately 15 graduate students, with 7 being PhD students and
the rest master’s students. The RfSCL has received over 40 research awards that have amounted to over
$3,067,756. The lab has also received over $1,726,357 in research funding.
Significant work with national organizations

NSF Engineering Research Centers (ERC) Program
From 2016 to 2018, Dr. Jones served as the Program Director, ERC), and ERC Director at Engineering
Directorate/Engineering Education Centers of NSF, Arlington, VA. He primarily contributed to the
Nanomanufacturing Systems for Mobile Computing and Mobile Energy Technologies (NASCENT),
Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials (RMB),
and Re-Inventing the Nation’s Urban Water Infrastructure (RENUWIT) centers.
Dr. Jones was part of a team that revamped the program to Generation 4 research centers where the
main elements are Convergent Research and Innovation, positive societal impact, engineering workforce
development, the development of a culture of diversity and inclusion, and a focus on value creation within
the innovation ecosystem.
xx Author
NSF Graduate Research Fellowships Program (GRFP)

From 2015 to 2017 Dr. Jones served as the Program Director; GRFP, GRIP, and EHR Core Research
(ECR) Workforce Development Strand Lead; and Enabling the Future of Making (MAKER, Lead) at
the Education and Human Resources Directorate/Division of Graduate Education department of NSF.
This program recognizes and supports outstanding graduate students in NSF-supported science,
technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines who are pursuing research-based master’s and
doctoral degrees at accredited United States institutions.
William J. Fulbright Scholar in Mexico 2013

Dr. Jones was awarded an NSF OISE program called International Research Experiences Program in
Mexico. During this research he worked with the Monterrey Tech System in Mexico campuses, spe-
cifically Queretero. His students did research with global companies including Werner Trucking,
Kellogg’s, and TRW. The result of this experience is that he was invited to participate in the US State
Department William J. Fulbright program to promote Engineering Education in Mexico. He was hosted
by Monterrey Tech Queretero and visited schools across Mexico to discuss Engineering Education. He
also taught Logistics during the summer in Spanish at Monterrey Tech Queretero.
Aflred P. Sloan Minority PhD Program

Dr. Jones was a APS Minority PhD Scholar while he was a PhD student. He later was awarded a APS
Minority PhD Center while at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, and again while at UT Arlington.
The result of this program yield nine PhD students who were Underrepresented Minorities who
completed their doctorate. This represented 100% of the students that were recruited in his program
to have completed Dr. Jones is now on the Aflred P. Sloan Minority PhD Scholars Network, SSMN
Board.
Textbooks from the Author

Academic Textbooks
1. Modern Quality for Organizations Using Lean Six Sigma Techniques by Jones, E. C
Book description: The next step in the evolution of the organizational quality field, Lean Six
Sigma (LSS) has come of age. However, many challenges to using LSS in lieu of, in conjunction
with, or integrated with other quality initiatives remain. An update on the current focus of qual-
ity management, Quality Management for Organizations Using Lean Six Sigma Techniques
covers the concepts and principles of LSS and its origins in quality, total quality management
(TQM), and statistical process control (SPC), and then explores how it can be integrated into
manufacturing, logistics, and health-care operations.
2. RFID and Auto-ID in Planning and Logistics by Jones, E. C, and Chung, C.A.
Book description: As RFID technology is becoming increasingly popular, and the need
has arisen to address the challenges and approaches to successful implementation. RFID and
Auto-ID in Planning and Logistics: A Practical Guide for Military UID Applications presents
the concepts for students, military personnel and contractors, and corporate managers to learn
about RFID and other automatic information capture technologies, and their integration into
planning and logistics functions. The text includes comparisons of RFID with technologies
such as bar codes, satellite tags, and global positioning systems, and provides a decision model
for choosing the appropriate technology for a given application.
Author xxi
3. RFID in Logistics by Jones, E. C, and Chung, C.A.

Book description: Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tagging is now mandated by the
department of defense and many of the world’s largest retailers including Walmart. In order to
stay competitive, more than 200,000 manufacturers and suppliers must develop strategies for
integrating RFID technologies into their supply chains.
Industrial Handbooks
1. Tracked, What You Should Know About RFID, Internet of Things, Big Data and Data
Security: The Official RFIDSCM Certification Handbook; Engineering Version by Jones,
E. C., Gray, B., Wijemanne, M and Bolton, J.
2. Tracked, What Everyone Should Know About Invisible Inventory, Monitoring and Tracking,
The Official RFIDSCM Certification Handbook; Engineering Version by Jones, E. C., Gray,
B and Armstrong, H.
3. The Six Sigma Trap, What you should know about Six Sigma that your company is not telling
you: The Official ISCEA CLSSYB Certification Book by Jones, E. C., and Armstrong, H.A.
Part 1
Understanding Global Supply

Chain Engineering
1
Introduction to the Fourth Industrial
Revolution and the Supply Chain
Erick C. Jones
The very substance of the ambitious is merely the shadow of a dream.
William Shakespeare
1.1 I ntroduction
At the time of writing this book, many people consider we are in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The World
Economic Forum’s chairman Klaus Schwab is synonymous for addressing this term along with the use of
the terms “second machine age” and “Industry 4.0”. The Fourth Industrial Revolution has been generally
defined as the connection of physical, digital, and biological systems, also termed cyber-physical systems.
This description integrates technologies such as robotics, artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, quantum
computing, and biotechnology. These technologies are often associated with Fourth Industrial Revolution
terms such as internet of things (IoT), industrial IoT, fifth-generation wireless technologies, additive manu-
facturing, and autonomous vehicles. At the time of this writing, there is a great deal of buzz on how com-
panies such as Uber and other ride sharing companies, and Tesla, one of the newest car manufacturing
companies that focuses on driverless vehicles, have inspired great investment into future technologies.
1.2 Other Industrial Revolutions

1.2.1 First Industrial Revolution
Benchmarking the other industrial revolutions with main events, we can identify the First Industrial
Revolution, occurring in the 18th and 19th centuries, with rural, farming, and mostly agrarian communi-
ties and/or the population that moved to industrial areas where major urban cities were first created. The
primary impact was the creation of steam power from large bodies of water. This period is identified by
the use of the steam engine.
1.2.2 Second Industrial Revolution

The Second Industrial Revolution is approximated from the late 1800s through World War I and is gen-
erally associated with the expansion of steel, oil and gas, and the discovery of electricity. The d riving
industry was the railroad industry and what many called the robber barons. Correspondingly, innova-
tions such as the telephone, light bulb, and the internal combustion engine spawned this revolution.
1.2.3 Third Industrial Revolution

The Third Industrial Revolution, which many people would argue that we are still participating in, is called
the Digital Revolution. The Digital Revolution is associated with the advancement of technology from
3
4 Supply Chain Engineering and Logistics Handbook
analog electronic and mechanical devices to digital devices and technology. The time is approximated
as starting during the 1980s when computer giants such as Microsoft, Dell, and Microsoft corporations
revolutionized the acceptance and the use of the personal computer, the internet, and other information
and communication technologies. Arguably, the foundational building blocks for the Third Industrial
Revolution took place during the 1940s, following World War II with large-scale computers used to
decode and decipher information at a faster pace and the competitive east versus west race to space.
1.2.4 Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0 and Smart Factory)

Again, the Fourth Industrial Revolution builds on the Digital Revolution, representing new ways in
which technology becomes embedded within societies and even the human body. In the book The
Fourth Industrial Revolution, Klaus Schwab describes the fourth revolution as fundamentally differ-
ent from the previous three, which were characterized mainly by advances in technology; the Fourth
Industrial Revolution will advance communication and connectivity rather than hardware technology.
Schwab suggests that future technologies have great potential to continue to connect billions of more
people to the web, drastically improve the efficiency of businesses and organizations, and help regener-
ate the natural environment. The Fourth Industrial Revolution is also referred to as Industry 4.0 by the
German government and others who see the embodiment of the revolution as smart factory and smart
communities.
1.3 Supply Chain Envisioned for the Fourth Industrial Revolution

In the following sections, we describe a sample research project and ideas that exemplify how supply
chains (SCs) are planned to be impacted by the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
1.3.1 Understanding the Societal Impacts of a Maker-Based Reverse SC

The recent Maker Movement has spurred a new excitement of moving more STEM-based domestic jobs
to the United States. The idea of citizen science having an impact on entrepreneurship, student learning,
and increased domestic manufacturing capacity is exhilarating. Though many of these ideas build upon
techniques and ideas that stem from advanced manufacturing research breakthroughs, some of these
breakthroughs have been apparent in 3D printing, advanced manufacturing, and nanomanufacturing
activities. There are also those who believe that soon the research will move into the quantum arena.
For these ideas to be realized, there must be a fundamental re-thinking of optimizing the SC. This
project seeks to investigate the ideas that would increase manufacturing capacity through sourcing of
domestic production through citizen sciences. We hypothesize that at an “amazon”-like sourcing of local
production, capabilities of a maker would provide inputs to demand that would allow for SCs to be re-
optimized such that outsourcing is minimized. One such research project was to investigate a framework
that allows the idea of how maker-based and citizen science can bring manufacturing capacity back
to the United States, exemplified by “ordering” product exemplars from National Science Foundation
(NSF)-funded Engineering Research Centers (ERCs) locally. The idea was to optimize the use of the
multi-million-dollar centers invested in by the U.S. government.
Utilizing the centers as HUBS to perform citizen science, the representative three main customers,
routes, or omnichannel routes in a cyber-manufacturing cloud-based service are direct customer, retail-
ers, and manufacturers. The customer definition can lead to a specific cloud-service application, for
example, an open source cloud service can be the focus in customized products. In contrast, if the cus-
tomer is a manufacturer or a retailer, the focus will be a software with several specifications about the
product to ensure high quality of the “neighbor manufacturer” and less variety. Therefore, this frame-
work utilizes Six-Sigma Quality Management as a common business language to understand the kind of
information that is going to be required from a cyber-manufacturer cloud-based search engine.
The other aspect to take into consideration is the cloud-based service in the SC that is required and the
reverse SC if there is lack of quality or lack of meeting expectations for the customer. In this frame, the
Fourth Industrial Revolution 5
visibility is of great importance, especially when the providers are several and growing, to track who the
actual provider of the item is. Therefore, the study will include the feasibility of the implementation of a
tool like blockchain in the SC of a cyber-manufacturing cloud-based service.
The last aspect to take into consideration is the actual building of a cyber-manufacturing cloud-based
search engine pilot. There is open access to the Netflix model using Open Source Software Center, so
whoever wants to replicate the model of Netflix can do it. Therefore, the last phase of the project will
be using the market study with six-sigma tools, and the study about the visibility and traceability of the
goods to construct a pilot of the cyber-manufacturing engine, so that the 3D printing can be more acces-
sible to customers, and increase the number of “neighbor manufacturers”.
1.3.1.1 The Big IDEA

This book provides a framework with models that show how 3D printing (targeted Nano/Quantum-
based) devices can be domestically sourced. Methods for testing and hopefully creating local resources
that provide products, which can reduce the lead time in the SC for the three types of customers, are iden-
tified. It also provides a pathway for government-funded ERCs program—seminal program at the NSF
as they transition toward sustainability as future domestic manufacturing capacity for the United States.
1.3.1.2 How Does This New Type of SC Improve the World?

Ultimately, this book provides the foundational knowledge to answer questions that will impact the
future such as: Will a cyber-manufacturing cloud-based search engine increase the number of 3D print-
ing as a possible conduit to manufacturing being performed in the future in the neighborhoods by normal
citizens?
1.3.1.3 Research Goal and Objectives

In order to meet these research goals, we seek to investigate the following research objectives:
1. Identify the market necessities to be fulfilled by neighbor manufacturers to be tested by ERC

centers.
2. Determine the performances and challenges of scale-up activities to meet this type of demand
using traceability and visibility of the SC.
3. Evaluate the break-even, economic, and performance challenges of bringing production back
domestically while applying cyber-manufacturing cloud-based search engine pilot.
1.3.1.4 The Greater Good

The knowledge shared in this book provides a future pathway for domestic workforce careers in
advanced manufacturing (Nano/Quantum) using the “neighbor-manufacturer” concept (citizen science)
and maker-based products for profit. It also aligns to the U.S. vision of supporting more middle-class
jobs based on future technologies. Moreover, the research may connect the idea and expose community,
individuals, and students to cloud-based software, advanced modern manufacturing technologies, and
IoT technologies such as blockchain. These activities will support the future workforce innovation of
the U.S.
1.3.2 Aligning Blockchain-Based SCs to Reduce Food Poisoning in the U.S.

There has been great excitement and confusion about the blockchain. The blockchain is generically a set
of standards for automatic detection and identification of hard to track items such as the growth of plant
leaves in a food setting. There is great interest by high-ranking parties in the U.S. workforce including
industry, academia, and federal agencies on how and when these technologies can be used to impact the
6 Supply Chain Engineering and Logistics Handbook
society at large. Multiple important stakeholders seek to understand how this disruptive technology can
impact SCs. This aligns to a number of corporate and government goals that seek a deep basic funda-
mental engineering understanding of how technologies can disrupt SCs. This book identifies frameworks
and models that impact operations and our ability to understand how society benefits and/or is harmed
by this type of technology. We seek to support the research goals with the following specific objectives.
The objectives are:
1. Identify clear usages of blockchain in the food and drug SC through different stakeholders’
lenses.
2. Investigate SC and logistics engineering optimization models that demonstrate the productive
and disruptive impacts on food and drug SCs of critical food sources and drugs.
3. Evaluate the costs to society, organization, and operations from wasted human capital, optimi-
zation of performance, and reduction of waste from stakeholders’ perspectives.
1.3.2.1 The Big IDEA

The outcomes of these proposed activities are that initial conversations and prioritized models can be
discussed and provide a roadmap for research and investment in these areas, and also the understanding
to the community on how blockchain will impact the food and drug SCs of the future.
The greater good of these proposed activities is this fundamental understanding on how blockchain is
envisioned and can be utilized in society. Also, while conducting the initial research for this textbook,
research and industry requests were garnered leading to a greater goal of investigating the impact of
this book’s framework on educating the future workforce with special emphasis on underrepresented
groups.
1.4 National Research Agenda on SC

Given that no text is modern by the time it gets to press, in an attempt to align this text to modern thought,
the author sought to align the ideas with current research activities at the national level with respect to
global SC activities. This text seeks to provide a modern view on how SC and operations engineering
(OE) is viewed in the modern day. The NSF recently revised the concept of Service, Manufacturing,
and Operations Research—the traditional fields of Supply Chain Management to be more aligned with
modern thought of utilizing the knowledge of SCs to improve society and have societal impacts. At the
time I was working at NSF, it was exciting to see the government seek to make SC science more than just
models and algorithms but make it more about solving societal problems. The announcement to focus on
operations was more to assist the community and included discussions on the importance of SC research,
and the second announcement was a call for action to address a societal problem of eliminating illicit SC
networks. The announcements are listed below. (See the announcement from the NSF.)
Given this, the focus of our book is not only to support the historical teaching of SC and OE, but also
to provide alignment with the new way of looking at SC knowledge.
As such, in this text, we provide examples of usage that impact society in fields including the following
and also point the future researchers to projects that were supported by NSF and other agencies.
Historical concepts such as optimizing and improving:

Raw Materials
Bill of Materials
Customer Delivery
Transportation and Logistics
Warehousing, Distribution, and 3PL (Third Party Logistics)
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
CHAPTER VII
The Gold Rush

“A German gun out here! We’ve found our clue!” cried Bug Eye
excitedly.
“So,” Teddy mused, “a Dutchman shot Decker!”
Mr. Ball shrugged his shoulders.
“Germans are not Dutchmen,” he corrected. “An’ just because we find a
German gun is no proof that a German did the job. Of course, he might
have—the signs point that way. Don’t know any one who owns one of these
things. No real puncher would ever handle one. The balance ain’t so good.”
He hefted it in his hand. “I seen plenty of ’em,” he mused. “A plenty!”
Roy glanced at him. Mr. Ball had been a captain in the infantry during
the war, and had seen action in France. He never talked about his
experiences on the other side.
“Well, we got somethin’ to go by!” Bug Eye burst out. “Snakes, a real
German gun! What do you suppose—”
“Don’t go flingin’ words away regardless,” Mr. Ball said dryly.
“Actually, we don’t know an awful lot more than we did before. But this
might help—it might help.”
“What’s the plan now?” Roy asked. “Do we start to search for ’em?”
“Well—” Mr. Ball looked down again at the weapon he held in his hand.
“It’s gettin’ late,” he went on. “We can’t just roam around like a bunch of
steers, hopin’ to run across the waddies who shot Decker. I think—” he
deliberated. “I think we’d better go back. When you boys got to head for
the X Bar X?”
“To-morrow morning,” Roy replied. “Dad expects us.”
“O. K. Then we’ll hit for home now. I want to think this thing out.”
They made a further search, but found nothing else, and shortly
afterward headed their ponies toward the 8 X 8. Nothing was said of their
discovery when they reached the ranch.
The wounded man was no better; but he was no worse. Doctor Ring had
left after giving positive directions that Decker was to talk to no one. Thus
the boys were still wondering how much he had been robbed of.
Early the next morning Roy, Teddy, and Belle started for home. Decker
seemed stronger and was able to take some milk through a tube. Neither of
the boys saw him again before they left, obeying the doctor’s instructions.
“Thanks again for catching my pony,” Nell called to Roy as he was
riding out of the yard. “Maybe I’ll do as much for you some day!”
“Maybe,” Roy laughed. “In the meantime—take keer o’ yo’self!”
“Say good-bye to Doctor Ring for me!” Belle exclaimed.
Teddy and Roy turned to look at her.
“So-o-o!” Teddy drawled. “That’s the way the land lies, does it?”
“Well, well,” Roy mocked. “Our icicle sister going to be a nurse! Hm!
Did you notice the doc’s eye-lashes, Teddy? Such nice, splendid ones!”
“And he’s got a wonderful voice,” Teddy went on. “It’s thrilling! It
makes you feel—oh, just like—”
“Oh, hush up!” Belle cried, her face a fiery red. “I could tell plenty about
you two, if I wanted to! Curly, Teddy told me the other day that you—”
“So long! Got to be going now! So long! So long! Sorry to rush away
like this!” Teddy seized Belle’s bronco by the bridle and led him out of the
yard. The boy was talking loudly, trying his best to drown out his sister’s
voice, but she managed to shout, “were the prettiest girl he’d ever seen!”
before he succeeded in taking her so far away that her words would not
carry to the interested listeners.
The bout was declared a draw, and the two brothers and the sister went
on their way with grins on their faces. The talk naturally veered to the
happenings of yesterday, and Belle told what had occurred while she was
helping Doctor Ring.
“Mr. Decker talked a lot,” she declared. “Mostly about Nugget Camp.
He spoke about—”
“Then it was Nugget Camp!” Teddy interrupted. “Maybe he made a real
strike!”
“I think he did, because he was babbling of ten and twenty thousand
dollars,” Belle said seriously.
“Twenty thousand!” Roy gave vent to a long whistle. “That’s some
money!”
“Did he say his nuggets were worth that much?” Teddy demanded.
“No, he didn’t. But I gathered that’s what he meant.”
“That is a big loss,” the boy remarked. “No wonder he was worried. Me,
I’d be worried, too. Poor geezer! After working for maybe two years then
making a strike—and he gets robbed of it! Not only that, but he may even
die in the bargain.”
“I really think he’ll recover,” Belle said. “He’s thin, but he’s lived in the
open most of his life. His stamina is good. He lost a lot of blood, but—”
“A-ha, words of wisdom!” Teddy laughed. “So doc said all this, did he?”
“Well, what if he did?” Belle answered, raising her chin defiantly. “It’s
all true!”
“Sure it is,” Roy comforted her. “I certainly hope he pulls through.
Moreover, I hope we get his nuggets back for him.”
The morning was clear, the air keen, and each of the three rode as though
this was the thing they wanted most of all to do—ride and breathe and live.
They were at a period in life when the world showed itself to be a
particularly wonderful place. Every bird that winged overhead, every cloud
that veiled the sun for a moment, every breeze that blew, seemed to exist
just for them.
And how were they to know that circumstances were about to fling them
into a maelstrom of activity, that the next few weeks were to be charged
with excitement?
Even as they rode, talking calmly, the events of the past fading almost
into insignificance beside the wonder of the morning, a rider approached
them. He was coming swiftly, his pony kicking up little spurts of dust.
“Some one’s in a mighty hurry,” Teddy observed.
They reined in, watching the horseman.
“Looks familiar,” Roy remarked. “Say, by golly—”
“It’s Jim Casey from home!” Teddy exclaimed. “Wonder if anything
happened?” A frown came to his face.
“Oh, I hope dad’s all right,” Belle breathed. “Do you suppose he’d be
sent after us?”
“He’s got something over his shoulder,” said Teddy. “Looks like a pick
or a shovel. Hey, Jim! Yo-o-o!”
The rider came closer, and stopped his pony, stiff-legged.
“What-a-ya say!” he yelled. “Heard the news?”
They saw then that it was a pick Casey had on his shoulder. Hanging
from his saddlehorn was a bundle of clothes.
“What news? What happened? Everything all right at home?” Roy asked
quickly.
“Sure, as far as I know! It ain’t that!” Jim, a tall, well-built puncher, of
about thirty-five, swung the pick down. “It ain’t that. Nothin’s happened
there. But some place else there has!”
“Well, what?”
“A gold strike! A bonanza! At Nugget Camp! Millions of dollars lyin’
around loose! Me, I’m on my way to stake a claim. One guy found a nugget
worth—oh, fifty thousand! Maybe more! Boy, we’ll all be rich!” He was
prancing his pony around excitedly. “I told yore pop I was goin’, an’ I am!
What’s the use of workin’ for wages when you can lean over an’ pick up
gold! Hey?” He paused, breathless.
“At Nugget Camp, you said?” Teddy asked, looking at the cowboy
strangely.
“That’s what! An’ I’m goin’ to be one of the lucky ones. No passin’ up a
chance like that for yours truly!”
“But listen—” Roy began, when Jim Casey cut him short.
“I’d like to, Roy, but I ain’t got time. There’s lots goin’ out. I want to get
a good claim. So long! Wish me luck!” and he was off.
“Well, what do you know about that!” Teddy said slowly. “One of our
own men got the fever!”
“And he’s a man we can’t spare, either,” Roy remarked. “There’s plenty
of work to be done around the ranch just now. Hope he’s the only one. A
strike at Nugget Camp!”
“That’s where Mr. Decker found his nuggets!” Belle exclaimed. “There
must be some truth in it, Roy.”
“Oh, I suppose there is.” He was frowning intently at the ground. “But I
sure hope the other boys don’t get bitten by the gold bug. We need every
man we have.”
“Oh, there’s always one or two who want to make money easily,” Teddy
replied. “Jim will come back soon enough. I bet he got a fine razzing for
leaving the ranch.”
“Well, I hope he’s the only one,” Roy said again. “Nugget Camp—a
played-out placer station! And they find gold now!”
“And see what it’s brought already!” Belle said indignantly. “A poor old
man gets shot and robbed, all because of the gold! Oh, I hope nothing else
will happen!”
“Gold brings trouble, always,” Teddy mused. “If the word gets around—
and it looks as though it had—that a strike has been made out here, it’ll
mean the riff-raff of the West will be down on our necks. Gamblers,
swindlers, gunmen—”
“Lucky we started to-day and not to-morrow,” Roy said, as they urged
their horses forward. “Dad will need us, now this thing has come.”
“Oh, it isn’t as serious as all that,” Teddy remarked easily. “It’s true that
Jim was a good man, but we can get along without him if we have to.
Anyway, he may be back soon.”
“Yes, that’s all right as far as it goes,” Roy declared. “But suppose more
of them decide to quit and go gold hunting? Then where’ll we be, with the
fall coming on? We need—”
“Who’s that?” Belle interrupted. “Another rider—no, two of them! And
they’re coming fast!”
The boys, startled, not knowing what to expect, looked up. Bearing
down upon them were two horsemen, partly hidden in a cloud of dust. The
wind shifted, the dust cloud parted, and Teddy gave a cry.
“It’s two more from home, Roy, as sure as you’re a foot high! It’s—”
“Nat Raymond and Gus Tripp! Well, for the love of Pete! To think that
those two—” He stopped, overwhelmed.
The riders, with picks, shovels, and kits hanging from their saddles,
rapidly approached. As they came within hailing distance the boys heard a
yell that caused them to draw breath quickly. It came from Gus Tripp.
“Yey, Teddy! Roy! Come on, join the rush! Head in with us! Jim Casey’s
gone, an’ the rest are goin’!”
“Where?”
The answer was already known to them even before Gus shouted:
“To Nugget Camp!”
CHAPTER VIII
Pop Lays Down the Law

Belle, Roy, and Teddy Manley rode into the ranch yard of the X Bar X.
They had been away for three days, and Teddy looked about him to see if
anything had changed—that gesture we all make when coming back to a
place we love after being absent for even a short while. It is a gesture not so
much of inquiry as of reassurance.
Yet, as his eyes searched the familiar outlines of the buildings,
something did seem different. True, Sing Lung stood at the door of his cook
house, a broad grin on his face. That grin was a permanent fixture. The
corral, toward the rear, embraced with its wooden arms the usual number of
horses. The ranch house offered a friendly welcome.
Yet, with all this, there was an air of strangeness about the place. Teddy
sensed it, as did Roy and Belle. Yes, things had changed.
“Howdy, Sing!” Teddy shouted. “What’s the good word?”
“Good wold, he fly coop,” Sing replied, waving his hand expressively.
His grin faded somewhat. “Yo’ daddy want see you boys inside.”
“I reckon,” Roy breathed. “There’ll be plenty to talk about, too. Right,
Sing!” he said aloud. “Come on, Teddy, let’s get our broncs some water.
Belle, you hop off and run in to say hello to mother and dad.”
Belle nodded, and slid from her horse. Teddy and Roy watered and fed
the ponies, then hastened toward the house. Their mother met them at the
door.
“Have a nice visit?” she asked, smiling, although her eyes appeared
tired. Her golden hair was greying just the tiniest bit. Roy, his chin on a
level with his mother’s eyes, seized her in his arms.
“Hello, Mumsey!” He kissed her tenderly. “Boy, I’m glad to see you!”
“Hey, push over!” Teddy exclaimed. “She has another son, you know!”
He took her gently from his brother and bending his head rubbed his cheek
against hers. “Hello, old girl,” he said softly. “How’s everything?”
“Stop—you’re mussing me!” Mrs. Manley laughed. “My goodness, such
polar bears as I have for children!” Her eyes were shining now, the tired
look gone from them. “Now sit down like good boys and get something to
eat. Unless—” she motioned with her head. “Want to see father?”
“Yes,” Teddy replied laconically. “We’re not hungry—at least I’m not.”
“Goes for me, too,” Roy declared. “Say, Mom, where is dad?”
“In his office. He’s waiting for you.”
Teddy kissed her again, and, followed by Roy, started toward the next
room, beyond which Mr. Manley had his small office. As Teddy opened the
door, his father, who had been sitting at his desk, a corn-cob pipe stuck in
the corner of his mouth, arose.
Once in a while one sees a man who instinctively reminds one of the
plains, of bucking broncos, and of ropes snaking through the air to settle
over the horns of a steer. He seems the very spirit of the West. In a parlor or
drawing-room or on Broadway, he appears out of place. One is apt to
mutter, “How’d he get so far from home? Wonder where he left his pony?”
Such a man was Bardwell Manley—tall, lean, and with that peculiar
power about him that hovers over those who are simple and direct men; a
mustache that drooped, the ends coming below his mouth on either side;
steel-blue eyes, that could twinkle with humor or narrow into two pin-
points of light; a skin that stayed brown all the year round.
He thrust out his hand and gripped the hand of Teddy, then of Roy.
“Boys,” he said quietly, “I’m glad to see you. Both all right?” Just that.
Yet there was a world of meaning in the simple words.
“Great, Dad,” Roy answered. “Feeling fine!” He waited. “Mother looked
a little tired,” he said finally.
Mr. Manley frowned. “I know,” he said softly. “We’ve been a little
worried. The thing came so quick—say, had grub?”
“Not hungry,” Roy stated. “We ate a big meal before we left and Mrs.
Ball put us up a snack to eat on the way home. We’ll wait for supper. It’s
four o’clock now.”
“All right.” He almost sighed the words. “Well, you might as well sit.
Everything all right at the 8 X 8?”
“Yea, everything’s all right, except—”
“Except what?”
“Well, Teddy and I were riding yesterday, trying to catch a runaway, and
we heard a yell then a shot. We found a miner, fellow by name of Decker,
with a bullet through his neck. Brought him back to the ranch and got a
doctor. Don’t know whether he’ll pull through or not. He was robbed.”
“Robbed! What of?” Mr. Manley leaned forward.
“Of some nuggets,” Teddy said casually. “Worth quite a bit of money,
from all indications. He was mining at Nugget Camp.”
“Mining at—” Mr. Manley’s face took on a tinge of red. “So that’s it,” he
muttered thickly. “Listen, boys. I have something to tell you.”
“I think, Dad, we know it already,” Roy said gently. “You mean about
Nat and Gus and Jim pulling stakes?”
“Yes. How’d you know?” Mr. Manley looked at them quickly.
“We met ’em on the way as we were riding in. Jim was pretty excited,
and so were the others. Just what does it mean, Dad?”
“It means we’re in sort of a hole, for the time being,” Mr. Manley
answered bitterly. “Oh, I can’t really blame ’em. I’d probably do the same
thing myself. You see, late last night a puncher rode in and started a wild
story of how people were gettin’ rich at Nugget Camp. No one believed him
at first, but he pulled out a pocket full of nuggets. Then he told how some
old feller—the one you found, I reckon—came across with a pan worth fifty
thousand. I reckon that’s a bit exaggerated, though. So he got robbed! Boys,
I don’t like the looks of things—not a little bit, I don’t!” The frown came
again to his face. “Something tells me we’re in for some mighty dirty
weather.”
“And then three of our men hit the trail?” Teddy asked.
“Uh-huh, three; and another just an hour ago. You missed him.”
“Four men gone!” Roy gave a long whistle. “That’s past the joking
stage. And there’s plenty to be done just now, isn’t there, Dad?”
“Plenty! Well, we’ll have to get along, that’s all. You boys will have to
take the range.”
“Sure, we will!” Teddy said heartily. “Feels good to get back on the job
again. Now don’t worry about this, Dad. Things will shape up.”
“I reckon,” Mr. Manley agreed, and grinned. “Or you two will shape ’em
up, hey?”
“Right!”
“Now you can go an’ talk to the boys if you feel like it. Pop Burns didn’t
go—said they’d have to give him a guarantee before he’d believe in any
strike. He’s seen too many of ’em.”
“We want to ask Pop something, anyway,” Teddy said. “That man we
found, Decker, looks enough like Pop to be his brother. He hasn’t got any
relatives around here, has he, Dad?”
“Not that I know of. Better ask him. All right, boys. I guess I’ve finished
—the powwow’s over.” He turned back to his desk. Teddy and Roy walked
slowly out the door and into the yard.
“He’s worried, whether he admits it or not,” Roy declared when they
were out of earshot. “If any more leave we’ll be in a nice fix.”
“Let’s see who’s around the bunk-house,” Teddy suggested. “Maybe Pop
will be holding forth.”
He was right in this assumption. As they reached the bunk-house an
argumentative voice came to them:
“You waddies think you’re so all-fired smart, wantin’ to hit the trail just
’cause some hombre picks up a pan of fool’s gold! Listen, an’ bend yore
ears this-a-way. I may not be an expert at math-a-matics. I’m a leedle shy
on geography. Sometimes I misspell a word—sometimes. But I do know
somethin’ about minin’!”
“That’s Pop,” Teddy asserted. “He’s laying down the law!”
“I’ve seen fourteen rushes,” Pop went on, “in one place or ’nother.
Fourteen! An’ in thirteen of ’em the boys came back licked. Done up,
frazzled, socked in the nose! Savvy? Only one of ’em was successful!”
“Yea, but listen, Pop,” a voice interrupted. “We got proof! Didn’t that
galoot show us the stuff? Didn’t he swear that a big strike had been made?
Didn’t—”
“You tell ’em, Pop!” Roy exclaimed, and he stepped toward the group.
“What’s the big argument?”
“Here now—here now—Teddy, Roy! You come here an’ listen to what
these bozos are tryin’ to get away with! Boys, I’m sure glad to see yuh!”
Pop, the oldest hand on the X Bar X, as bald as the day he was born and
as lean as a piece of gristle, waved toward them.
“Boys,” he shouted, “we got news for you! These here spavined, sway-
backed, horny-handed sons of toil say they’re gonna toss up their jobs and
go out to Nugget Camp an’ pick up golden dollars! Speak up, boys—let’s
hear yore opinions!”
CHAPTER IX
Roy Makes a Statement

Teddy and Roy Manley exchanged glances. Pop was, in effect, asking
them to give their definite approval or disapproval of the rush toward the
new gold fields. Whether or not the men would take their words to heart
was another question. It might be that with a simple sentence they could
stop the stampede and save the remainder of the men for the ranch.
But were they justified? Could they honestly say they knew the claims at
Nugget Camp to be worthless and that the cowboys would only be wasting
their time if they threw up their jobs and went mining? Could they?
Roy was thinking hard. As the elder brother, it would be his place to
answer Pop’s appeal, and he knew Teddy was leaving the decision to him.
Again the thought occurred—even if it were in his power to stem the rush
by telling the men there was little or no gold at Nugget Camp, did he have
that right? Would it be honest?
“Seems you’ve been saying about all there is to say, haven’t you, Pop?”
Roy asked quizzically, more to gain time to think than for any other reason.
“Rolls off ’em like water from a duck’s back,” Pop said in a disgusted
tone. “Can’t tell these hombres nothin’. They was all born wise an’ have
been gettin’ wiser every day of their lives, accordin’ to them. I tell ’em
somethin’ an’ they give it the merry ha-ha. By golly, I have seen fourteen
rushes! That’s somethin’, ain’t it? How many have you fellers seen?” He
glared at the assembled punchers, his eyes afire under the tightly stretched
skin of his forehead.
“Now, Pop, we ain’t disputin’ yore word,” Rad Schmell said uneasily.
“But, snakes, if these here reports are true—”
“But they ain’t, blame it! They ain’t!” Pop shouted. “Listen, Roy! Have
you heard anything of some old miner strikin’ it rich at Nugget Camp, then
gettin’ robbed of his nuggets? Likely story, ain’t it!” Pop sneered. “If it was
true I’d hear about it first thing, ’cause I got a cousin that’s been pannin’
that section for goin’ on two years now. All he ever made out of it was
enough gold to fill his back tooth where he bit into a hickory nut without
peelin’ it first. Well, Roy?”
The boy hesitated no longer. There was but one thing to do—tell the
truth and trust to the loyalty of some of the punchers to stay on the ranch
until the boss could get others to fill their places. Two men they could be
sure of—Pop Burns and Nick Looker. Nick was not in this crowd.
“Well, Pop, I’ll tell you,” Roy said slowly. “Part of the story’s true.
Teddy and I both saw the man who was robbed—in fact, we carried him to
the 8 X 8. He was a pretty old geezer. Can’t say how much he was robbed
of, because he went under before he could tell us. The doctor’s opinion is
that he has a chance to pull through. The bullet caught him in the neck.”
Pop was gazing at Roy with a surprised, hurt stare.
“So it did happen, after all!” the old man muttered. “Say, boys—” his
voice was toneless—“what was his name? Do you know?”
“Decker,” Teddy replied.
Pop sprang to his feet.
“Decker! What was his first name?”
“Jerry, I think. He looks sort of like—”
“Jerry Decker! My cousin! That poor old washed-out bronco-forker!
Jerry Decker!” Pop shook his head sadly. “Listen, boys—” he looked at
them appealingly. “How bad’s he hurt?”
“Pretty bad, I’m afraid, Pop,” Roy said seriously. “Tell you—I’ll go in
and telephone to the 8 X 8 for you and find out how he is now.”
“Wish you would, Roy. I wish you would.” Pop appeared dazed by the
news. “An’ say—” his eyes flashed—“who done it? Got any idea a-tall?”
“Not any definite one,” Teddy said. “We did find something that might
help.” He told about the German gun. “But I never heard of any Germans
around here except that family over near Sanborn’s Point. They wouldn’t
hurt a fly. Never saw any more law-abiding people.”
“No, it wasn’t them,” Pop agreed. “A German gun, hey! Baby, I hope—”
He clenched his fists. Then his mood changed and he glanced at Roy. “Say,
would you mind—”
“Right away,” Roy declared. “You wait here.”
The punchers crowded about Teddy as Roy walked toward the house. He
answered their questions as best he could, thankful that their minds were
somewhat diverted from the idea of leaving immediately by their curiosity
over Pop’s cousin.
Supper would be ready in half an hour. Other men drifted toward the
bunk-house, tossing saddle blankets under their beds, pouring water into tin
basins and removing, somewhat, the traces of their alkalied trade. The talk
was subdued, strained, as though each was waiting for the other to say
something that remained unsaid. They greeted Teddy heartily, and
exchanged a few words with him. Pop, sitting on the top of the three steps
that led into the bunk-house, moved his form slightly as each puncher
brushed by him and offered an unintelligible grunt to all remarks.
Nick Looker arrived, and, seeing Teddy, thrust an arm about the boy’s
shoulders. These two were such friends as one often sees in the West—
friendship based, not only on a sincere liking one for the other, but also on
an appreciation of the other’s worth. They had been together for six years,
ever since Nick, a mere youngster, had thrown his fortunes in with the X
Bar X. He was in his early twenties even now. In build he resembled Teddy
—rather tall, sinewy, broad of shoulder and narrow of hip. In feature he was
what the young cow puncher is supposed to be, but scarcely ever is, high
cheek bones, thin nose, deep blue eyes set wide, sensitive mouth, firm chin.
He and Teddy, as they stood there, framed against the reddening evening
sky, were a picture to capture the eye of an artist.
“And the mommer bear said to the little bear, ‘well, it’s about time you
showed up, you tyke; where you been till this hour in the mornin’?’ ” Nick
exclaimed, grinning.
“Visiting,” Teddy said, answering Nick’s grin with one of his own. “Seen
quite a lot of excitement lately. Say, Nick—” He moved his head slightly.
Nick understood and walked to one side.
“I suppose you know what’s up?” Teddy asked seriously.
“You mean about that gold strike? Yea, I know. But it don’t mean nothin’
to me. The story’s around that some old geezer made a find—a big nugget
—an’ that he got knocked off an’ robbed. Me, I don’t see much to it.”
“But it’s true, Nick!” Teddy watched the cowboy’s face.
“True?” Nick’s eyes opened wide. “Somebody did make a strike an’ got
robbed?”
“Uh-huh. And, what’s more, it was Pop’s cousin.” Teddy told the
puncher of finding Decker. “So, Nick, it isn’t all wind,” he finished.
“Well, bust my boilers!” Nick said slowly. “Pop’s cousin! What do you
know about that? Snakes, I hope he makes the grade! Have you heard—”
“Here comes Roy now,” Teddy interrupted. “He just ’phoned to the 8 X
8 for news.”
Roy’s face was reassuring as he approached them. Pop leaped to his feet
and ran forward.
“Let’s have it, Roy,” he said anxiously. “What’s the news?”
“He’s better,” the boy answered. “Much better. The doc’s just been there,
and, unless infection sets in, he’s got much better than an even chance.”
“Boy, I’m glad of that!” Pop sighed. “I ain’t got many relatives left, an’ I
sure like to keep track of ’em an’ make ’em last as long as I kin. Thanks,
Roy!”
The old man walked toward the rear of the bunk-house. The boys
watched, saying nothing until he was out of earshot.
“That hit him sort of hard,” Teddy remarked. “I never knew Pop Burns
had a cousin.”
“Neither did the rest of us,” Roy said. “Well, Nick?” He thrust out his
hand. “How’s everything?”
“Well enough, considerin’,” Nick replied. “This here life is sure tryin’ on
a feller, ain’t it?” He grasped Roy’s hand firmly, then released it. “Golly,
somethin’ happenin’ all the time! Last week Nat Raymond caught his pants
on a nail in the flour barrel an’ tore ’em pretty. Couple of days ago Hank
Foley, over at Eagles, lost his false teeth an’ a bronc stepped right plumb on
’em. Now Pop’s cousin goes an’ gets shot up. An’ the boys are talkin’ about
leavin’ here an’ headin’ for Nugget Camp. Snakes!” Nick drew a deep
breath.
“Not only talking, they’re going,” Teddy declared. “Nat Raymond, Jim
Casey, and Gus Tripp have taken up their beds and—rode. They’re heading
for Nugget Camp now. The boys here—” he lowered his voice. The three
were talking some little distance from the bunk-house. “The boys here were
listening to Pop tell them how crazy they’d be to join the rush. But I don’t
think they were agreeing with him. Then he asked me what I thought about
it, and lucky for me I had to go in and ’phone.” He stopped and turned his
head, gazing hard at the fast greying hills. Night was rushing upon them.
“Why, you could tell ’em there was nothing to it,” Nick said
wonderingly. “I bet they’d calm down then. Or some of ’em would,
anyhow.”
“That’s just it,” Roy declared. “There is something to it!” He hesitated,
then spoke more quickly. “There’s no doubt that a strike has been made at
Nugget Camp. I’m sure of that.”
“You are?” Nick demanded interestedly. “Then—”
“And where one strike is made, another is likely to be found. That field
has been hanging fire a long time. I barely remember—it’s such a long time
ago—when they opened it up. Just like now, some one found a rich deposit
of gold. Then it got the name Nugget Camp. From that time until now a few
prospectors have been messing around with it. But they had no luck. Then
here comes a man who finds a small fortune. At least, we think he had quite
a load with him when he was shot down. By golly—”
Teddy gazed at his brother in surprise.
“Well, why by golly? It’s true—all you’ve said. What can we do? If the
boys want to go, we can’t stop ’em. This is a free country. We’ll have to do
the best we can, that’s all.”
“I was thinking,” Roy went on slowly, as though Teddy had not spoken,
“that I’d like to join that rush myself.”
CHAPTER X
Silent Packs a Gun

During the next few days there was much to be done on the X Bar X.
Three more men left for the promised land, and Mr. Manley had to recruit
some help from other ranches, where the fever seemed to hit more lightly.
Mr. Ball sent him three, among them Bug Eye. There were but four of the
original punchers left on the X Bar X. Two of these were, of course, Pop
Burns and Nick Looker.
Teddy and Roy were doing the ordinary work of wranglers, plus their job
as bosses. Mr. Manley made frequent trips to Eagles, as he was negotiating
with buyers in Chicago for the sale of a large herd of cattle on the hoof.
Finally the deal was completed and arrangements were made to ship the
beeves the following week. With the additional hands Mr. Manley
anticipated no real trouble in cutting out the cattle and getting them into the
cars. Before the day set for the work to begin, he gave Pop permission to go
to see his cousin, Jerry Decker, who was still at the 8 X 8.
Pop started early one morning and returned at nightfall. Bug Eye, Roy,
and Teddy were sitting on the top rail of the corral as he drove into the yard,
his tall, skinny figure looking strangely ghostlike in the dusk. He
dismounted, watered, and fed his mount and turned it into the corral.
The boys waited for him to speak first.
“Well,” he said finally, removing his hat and slapping the dust from his
legs, “I see the ranch is still runnin’.”
“Just about,” Teddy answered. “How’s your cousin?”
“Better in health, worse in spirits,” Pop replied. “He got taken over the
ropes for plenty, that bird did.”
“How much?” Bug Eye asked eagerly.
“Just twenty thousand dollars’ worth of nuggets,” Pop drawled.
“Twenty thousand!” Roy repeated. “What a haul!”
“An’ that’s at gov’ment valuation. He had his own testin’ apparatus, an’
a accurate scale. Knew just how much his nuggets were worth. Now he’s
lying’ with a hole through his neck an’ twenty thousand gone,” Pop finished
bitterly.
“Tough luck, all right,” came from Teddy in a sympathetic tone. “Bet he
worked hard for ’em, too.”
“Well, as to that, there’s two ways of lookin’ at it. He stuck at that camp
till he made his strike, an’ that took two years. On the other hand, he didn’t
have no trouble at all in pickin’ up the nuggets.”
“Then it’s a fact that—” Bug Eye began.
“Oh, the monkey wrapped his tail around the flag-pole,” Pop sang
loudly. “Do-do-do-do, do-do do-do!” He stopped and looked around him.
He saw no one, and came closer. “Suppose you waddies swim down from
there an’ we’ll have a talk,” he said meaningly.
The boys jumped to the ground. Evidently Pop had something on his
mind. When they were gathered about him, he said:
“Now listen. I had a long talk with Jerry. I saw the gun that knocked him
off, too. An’ I’ll remember if I ever see another like it. All right! Jerry told
me that Nugget Camp was the richest strike that’s been made within a
thousand miles of here—ever! He said that!” Pop’s voice was low, deadly in
earnest. “An’ if the boys on this here ranch hear about it, there won’t be
enough left to get up a good rousin’ game of solitaire! Think that over!” He
stuck his hands deep in his pockets. “Think that over an’ lose some sleep!”
There was a moment’s silence while the import of Pop’s words sank in.
Perhaps only to one—Roy—did they mean anything but anxiety as to when
the news would be circulated. But Roy’s mind was running on another
track. He appreciated, of course, that the business of ranching would be
seriously interrupted if any more hands left, if the new men joined the rush.
But he saw further than that. He saw a chance for him and his brother to
enlist in a new series of adventures, and at the same time with a possibility
of getting rich.
“And what do you think about it, Pop?” Roy asked at length. “Any
pronounced opinions on the subject?”
“You mean about goin’?”
“I mean about the chances of striking gold at Nugget Camp.”
“Oh!” the old puncher rubbed his chin thoughtfully. “Well, if you really
want to know, Roy—I think the chances are pretty blame good!”
“What about you telling the boys that they’d be crazy to leave here and
head for Nugget Camp?”
“Oh, well—” Pop moved uneasily. “I hadn’t heard what Jerry had to say
then. An’, anyhow, we couldn’t afford to lose ’em all in a bunch. It gave
’em somethin’ to think about an’ slowed ’em up sufficient so’s we could get
some new hands. Not that the ones we got are any wonders,” he added
musingly. “But they’ll do, an’ they ain’t nuts over gold.”
“So there’s somethin’ to the story,” Bug Eye said slowly. “Nugget Camp
ain’t just a basket full of fool’s gold.”
“Not any,” Pop said positively. “Jerry wouldn’t kid me about a thing like
that. He believes in it all right. Twenty thousand gone!” Pop shook his head
sadly. “I wish I had those galoots here for a minute and a half,” he declared
bitterly. “A hole in the neck’s nothin’ to what they’d get. An’ say, Teddy an’
Roy, Jerry wants me to be sure an’ tell you how much he’s thankful for you
two fellers bringin’ him in. If it hadn’t been for you he’d be pushin’ up the
daisies right now. An’ then some!” Pop looked keenly at the brothers. He
was at all times undemonstrative, and the boys took the look for what it was
intended—the old puncher’s heartfelt thanks.
“Glad we were there,” Roy said. “But I’m sure sorry it happened. It
means that a nasty bunch are getting into the district. Over at Nugget Camp
—”
“Things will be spinnin’ out some lively,” Bug Eye drawled. “Well,
there’s plenty to be done to-morrow. Me, I’m goin’ to catch some sleep.”
With a gold-mining camp springing up within riding distance of the X
Bar X, the work of cutting out cattle for delivery seemed especially prosaic.
But it had to be done, and, early the next morning, Teddy and Roy were in
the saddle.
It was Mr. Manley’s idea to take one herd that had gathered near
Harver’s Gully and round them up and drive them to the railroad yards.
There were about six hundred head in the herd. Of these, about one hundred
and fifty would be sent back to the range for one reason or another—some
might have calves not yet weaned and some would not come up to
specifications. It meant a good three or four days’ work, and Mr. Manley
felt keenly the loss of his regular punchers.
Among the new hands were two who had more or less drifted in. They
told Mr. Manley that they were out of a job—“temporarily.” Both looked to
be real punchers, and Mr. Manley took them on. One of them, called
“Silent” by his partner, was a surly, ill-tempered fellow, who continually
wore a frown. He mixed not at all with the others and spoke only to his
friend, and then in monosyllables. The nickname “Silent” fitted him like a
glove.
Roy and Teddy found that he was especially antagonistic to them. He
accepted their orders with a scowl, but as long as he did his work they said
nothing. This was no time to be particular. They had to take what they could
get, and be glad of it.
His partner was more friendly, and soon became one of the gang. He,
also, did his work well, and to careful questions concerning “Silent”
answered that “he was kinda queer.” In the West a man is taken at his face
value, and if he wants to keep to himself, that’s his own affair. Silent and
Jack Conroy were accepted as part of the X Bar X outfit. On the payroll
Silent was down as Hap Neville.
The round-up of the herd at Harver’s Gully started in clear weather. Pop
Burns stayed at the ranch with Mr. Manley, and Teddy and Roy were in
charge. Nick and Bug Eye rode with them.
Just before they left the X Bar X, Teddy noticed Silent strapping a rifle
case to his saddle. Later this was filled with a weapon.
“Any special reason?” Teddy asked easily.
Silent looked over at him with a frown. The puncher was about twenty-
five or six, although the lines in his face seemed to add a few years to this
total. He was short and stocky, and anything but handsome.
“Any objection?” Silent demanded. His tone was hostile.
“No, I reckon not—but there isn’t much sense to it.”
“My business,” Silent growled.
Teddy looked at him for a moment.
“As you say, it’s your business,” he said slowly. “But if you’re intending
to use it on anything except animals, then it’s my business. Take me?”
Silent did not reply, but went on with his preparation. Teddy watched
him.
“What kind of a gun is that?” he asked suddenly.
Silent spun around, a look of fury on his face.

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Supply Chain Engineering and

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Global Logistics and Supply Chain Management Lalwani

Logistics Supply Chain Management Martin Christopher

Operations, Logistics and Supply Chain Management Henk

Computational Intelligence in Logistics and Supply

Logistics and Retail Management Emerging Issues and New

Handbook of Information Exchange in Supply Chain

Procurement and Supply Chain Management Kenneth Lysons

Software Supply Chain Security: Securing the End-to-end

© 2020 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

No claim to original U.S. Government works

Printed on acid-free paper

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-138-06651-9 (Hardback)

Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data

Names: Jones, Erick C., author.

Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at

and the CRC Press Web site at

Part 1 Understanding Global Supply Chain Engineering

2 Global Supply Chain Engineering Definitions..............................................................................11

Part 2 Basic Knowledge for Global Supply Chain Engineering

7 Logistics in Global Supply Chain Engineering.......................................................................... 201

7.6 Computer-Aided Program Algorithm Approach (BLOCPLAN).........................................214

Part 3 Research Design in Global Supply Chain Engineering

9.7 Project Tracking................................................................................................................... 305

12 TQM Case Study........................................................................................................................... 409

Part 4 Technology in Global Supply Chain Engineering

15 A Methodology to Evaluate Obsolete Inventory in Healthcare................................................ 485

16 Manufacturing Feasibility Evaluation of RFID Chips Embedded in Artificial Organs........515

Part 5 New Trends in Global Supply Chain Engineering

17.3 Research Objectives............................................................................................................. 523

18 Secure Documents with RFID and Potential Blockchain Implications................................... 583

20 Evaluating the Impact of Sustainability Incentives to Optimize the Indonesian to the

21 Using Six Sigma to Evaluate Automatic Identification Technologies to Optimize

22 Railroad Car Tracking by an RFID System to Organize Traffic Flow.................................. 695

1. Forecasting techniques and their applications

The MathWorks, Inc.

Pioneering the RFID technology

Universal acclaim for the advancements in RFID technology

Six Sigma, quality control, and quality management

Supply chain management, manufacturing, and industrial engineering

Significant work with national organizations

NSF Graduate Research Fellowships Program (GRFP)

William J. Fulbright Scholar in Mexico 2013

Aflred P. Sloan Minority PhD Program

Textbooks from the Author

3. RFID in Logistics by Jones, E. C, and Chung, C.A.

Understanding Global Supply

The very substance of the ambitious is merely the shadow of a dream.

1.2 Other Industrial Revolutions

1.2.2 Second Industrial Revolution

1.2.3 Third Industrial Revolution

1.2.4 Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0 and Smart Factory)

1.3 Supply Chain Envisioned for the Fourth Industrial Revolution

1.3.1 Understanding the Societal Impacts of a Maker-Based Reverse SC

1.3.1.1 The Big IDEA

1.3.1.2 How Does This New Type of SC Improve the World?

1.3.1.3 Research Goal and Objectives

7.6 Computer-Aided Program Algorithm Approach (BLOCPLAN).........................................214

9.7 Project Tracking................................................................................................................... 305

17.3 Research Objectives............................................................................................................. 523

1.2 Other Industrial Revolutions

1.2.2 Second Industrial Revolution

1.2.3 Third Industrial Revolution

1.2.4 Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0 and Smart Factory)

1.3 Supply Chain Envisioned for the Fourth Industrial Revolution

1.3.1 Understanding the Societal Impacts of a Maker-Based Reverse SC

1.3.1.1 The Big IDEA

1.3.1.2 How Does This New Type of SC Improve the World?

1.3.1.3 Research Goal and Objectives

1.3.1.4 The Greater Good

1.3.2 Aligning Blockchain-Based SCs to Reduce Food Poisoning in the U.S.

1.3.2.1 The Big IDEA

1.4 National Research Agenda on SC