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Python Tutorial | Learn Python

Programming
Last Updated : 25 Jun, 2024
This Programming Language Python Tutorial is very well suited for
beginners and also for experienced programmers. This specially designed
free Python tutorial will help you learn Python programming most
efficiently, with all topics from basics to advanced (like Web-scraping,
Django, Learning, etc.) with examples.

What is Python?
Python is a high-level, general-purpose, and very popular programming
language. Python programming language (latest Python 3) is being used in
web development, and Machine Learning applications, along with all
cutting-edge technology in Software Industry. Python language is being
used by almost all tech-giant companies like – Google, Amazon, Facebook,
Instagram, Dropbox, Uber… etc.

Writing your first Python Program to Learn Python

Programming
There are two ways you can execute your Python program:

1. First, we write a program in a file and run it one time.

2. Second, run a code line by line.

Here we provided the latest Python 3 version compiler where you can edit
and compile your written code directly with just one click of the RUN
Button. So test yourself with Python first exercises.

Python3

# Python Program to print Hello World

print("Hello World! I Don't Give a Bug")
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Output

Hello World! I Don't Give a Bug

Let us now see what will you learn in this Python Tutorial, in detail:

Table of Content
What is Python?
Writing your first Python Program
Setting up Python
Getting Started with Python Programming
Python Input/Output
Python Data Types
Python Operators
Python Conditional Statement
Python Loops
Python Functions
Python OOPs Concepts
Python Exception Handling
Python Packages or Libraries
Python Collections
Python Database Handling
Python vs. Other Programming Languages
Learn More about Python with different Applications
Python Quiz
Python Latest & Upcoming Features
The first and foremost step to get started with Python tutorial is to setup
Python in your system.

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Below are the steps based your system requirements:

Setting up Python
Download and Install Python 3 Latest Version
How to set up Command Prompt for Python in Windows10
Setup Python VS Code or PyCharm
Creating Python Virtual Environment in Windows and Linux

Note: Python 3.13 is the latest version of Python, but Python 3.12 is
the latest stable version.

Now let us deep dive into the basics and components to learn Python
Programming:

Getting Started with Python Programming

Welcome to the Python tutorial section! Here, we’ll cover the essential
elements you need to kickstart your journey in Python programming. From
syntax and keywords to comments, variables, and indentation, we’ll
explore the foundational concepts that underpin Python development.

Learn Python Basics

Syntax
Keywords in Python
Comments in Python
Learn Python Variables
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Learn Python Input/Output

In this segment, we delve into the fundamental aspects of handling input
and output operations in Python, crucial for interacting with users and
processing data effectively. From mastering the versatile print() function to
exploring advanced formatting techniques and efficient methods for
receiving user input, this section equips you with the necessary skills to
harness Python’s power in handling data streams seamlessly.

Python print() function

f-string in Python
Print without newline in Python
Python | end parameter in print()
Python | sep parameter in print()
Python | Output Formatting
Taking Input in Python
Taking Multiple Inputs from users in Python

Python Data Types

Python offers, enabling you to manipulate and manage data with precision
and flexibility. Additionally, we’ll delve into the dynamic world of data
conversion with casting, and then move on to explore the versatile
collections Python provides, including lists, tuples, sets, dictionaries, and
arrays.

By the end of this section, you’ll not only grasp the essence of Python’s
data types but also wield them proficiently to tackle a wide array of
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Numbers
Booleans
Python List
Python Tuples
Python Sets
Python Dictionary
Python Arrays
Type Casting

Python Operators
From performing basic arithmetic operations to evaluating complex logical
expressions, we’ll cover it all. We’ll delve into comparison operators for
making decisions based on conditions, and then explore bitwise operators
for low-level manipulation of binary data. Additionally, we’ll unravel the
intricacies of assignment operators for efficient variable assignment and
updating. Lastly, we’ll demystify membership and identity operators, such
as in and is, enabling you to test for membership in collections and
compare object identities with confidence.

Arithmetic operators
Comparison Operators
Logical Operators
Bitwise Operators
Assignment Operators
Membership & Identity Operators | Python “in”, and “is” operator

Python Conditional Statement

These statements are pivotal in programming, enabling dynamic decision-
making and code branching. In this section of Python Tutorial, we’ll
explore Python’s conditional logic, from basic if…else statements to nested
conditions and the concise ternary operator. We’ll also introduce the
powerful match case statement, new in Python 3.10. By the end, you’ll
master these constructs, empowering you to write clear, efficient code that
responds intelligently to various scenarios. Let’s dive in and unlock the
potential of Python’s conditional statements.

We use Python If else

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Python if-elif-else Ladder

Python If Else on One Line
Ternary Condition in Python
Match Case Statement

Python Loops
Here, we’ll explore Python’s loop constructs, including the for and while
loops, along with essential loop control statements like break, continue,
and pass. Additionally, we’ll uncover the concise elegance of list and
dictionary comprehensions for efficient data manipulation. By mastering
these loop techniques, you’ll streamline your code for improved readability
and performance.

For Loop
While Loop
Loop control statements (break, continue, pass)
Python List Comprehension
Python Dictionary Comprehension

Python Functions
Functions are the backbone of organized and efficient code in Python.
Here, we’ll explore their syntax, parameter handling, return values, and
variable scope. From basic concepts to advanced techniques like closures
and decorators. Along the way, we’ll also introduce versatile functions like
range(), and powerful tools such as *args and **kwargs for flexible
parameter handling. Additionally, we’ll delve into functional programming
with map, filter, and lambda functions.

Python Function syntax

Arguments and Return Values in Python Function
Python Function Global and Local Scope Variables
Use of pass Statement in Function
Return statemen in Python Function
Python range() function
*args and **kwargs in Python Function
Python closures
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Python closures
Map Function
Filter Function
Reduce Function
Lambda Function

Python OOPs Concepts

In this segment, we’ll explore the core principles of object-oriented
programming (OOP) in Python. From encapsulation to inheritance,
polymorphism, abstract classes, and iterators, we’ll cover the essential
concepts that empower you to build modular, reusable, and scalable code.

Python Classes and Objects

Polymorphism
Inheritance
Abstract
Encapsulation
Iterators

Python Exception Handling

In this section of Python Tutorial, we’ll explore how Python deals with
unexpected errors, enabling you to write robust and fault-tolerant code.
We’ll cover file handling, including reading from and writing to files, before
diving into exception handling with try and except blocks. You’ll also learn
about user-defined exceptions and Python’s built-in exception types.

Python File Handling

Python Read Files
Python Write/Create Files
Exception handling
User defined Exception
Built-in Exception
Try and Except in Python

Python Packages or Libraries

The biggest strength of Python is a huge collection of standard libraries
We which
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Python DSA Libraries

Machine Learning
Python GUI Libraries
Web Scraping Pakages
Game Development Packages
Web Frameworks like, Django, Flask
Image processing (like OpenCV, Pillow)

Python Collections
Here, we’ll explore key data structures provided by Python’s collections
module. From counting occurrences with Counters to efficient queue
operations with Deque, we’ll cover it all. By mastering these collections,
you’ll streamline your data management tasks in Python.

Counters
Heapq
Deque
OrderedDict
Defaultdict

Python Database Handling

In this section you will learn how to access and work with MySQL and
MongoDB databases

Python MongoDB Tutorial

Python MySQL Tutorial

Python vs. Other Programming Languages

Here’s a comparison of Python with the programming languages C, C++,
and Java in a table format:

Comparison Between Python and other Programming Language

Feature Python C C++

Type Interpreted Compiled Compiled Co

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Feature Python C C++

Paradigm Multi- Multi-

paradigm paradigm
O
(object- Procedural, (procedural,
or
oriented, structured object-
str
procedural, oriented,
functional) generic)

Memory
Automatic Manual Manual Au
Management

Syntax Simple Complex Complex C

Popularity High High High

Use Cases System

System
Web programming,
programming, Lar
development, game
embedded app
data analysis, development,
systems, en
machine high-
game so
learning performance
development
applications

Notable Standard Standard S

Django, Flask
Frameworks/Libraries Library Library, Boost Hi

Learning Curve Moderate Steep Steep M

Community Support Strong Strong Strong S

Job Market Abundant Abundant Abundant Ab

Let us now begin learning about various important steps required in this
Python Tutorial.

Learn More About Python with Different Applications:

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1. Web Development: Python is used to build web applications using

frameworks like Django, Flask, and Pyramid. These frameworks provide
tools and libraries for handling web requests, managing databases, and
more.
2. Data Science and Machine Learning: Python is popular in data science
and machine learning due to libraries like NumPy, pandas, Matplotlib,
and scikit-learn. These libraries provide tools for data manipulation,
analysis, visualization, and machine learning algorithms.
3. Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Processing: Python is
widely used in AI and NLP applications. Libraries like TensorFlow, Keras,
PyTorch, and NLTK provide tools for building and training neural
networks, processing natural language, and more.
4. Game Development: Python can be used for game development using
libraries like Pygame and Panda3D. These libraries provide tools for
creating 2D and 3D games, handling graphics, and more.
5. Desktop Applications: Python can be used to build desktop applications
using libraries like Tkinter, PyQt, and wxPython. These libraries provide
tools for creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs), handling user input,
and more.
6. Scripting and Automation: Python is commonly used for scripting and
automation tasks due to its simplicity and readability. It can be used to
automate repetitive tasks, manage files and directories, and more.
7. Web Scraping and Crawling: Python is widely used for web scraping
and crawling using libraries like BeautifulSoup and Scrapy. These
libraries provide tools for extracting data from websites, parsing HTML
and XML, and more.
8. Education and Research: Python is commonly used in education and
research due to its simplicity and readability. Many universities and
research institutions use Python for teaching programming and
conducting research in various fields.
9. Community and Ecosystem: Python has a large and active community,
which contributes to its ecosystem. There are many third-party libraries
and frameworks available for various purposes, making Python a
versatile language for many applications.
10. Cross-Platform: Python is a cross-platform language, which means that
We use Python codeyou
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modification. This makes it easy to develop and deploy Python

applications on different platforms.

Python Quiz
To achieve a solid understanding of Python, it’s very important to engage
with Python quizzes and MCQs. These quizzes can enhance your ability to
solve similar questions and improve your problem-solving skills.

Here are some quiz articles related to Python Tutorial:

Python MCQs
Python Quizzes
Python Sets Quiz
Python List Quiz
Python String Quiz
Python Tuple Quiz
Python Dictionary Quiz

Python Latest & Upcoming Features

Python recently release Python 3.12 in October 2023 and here in this
section we have mentioned all the features that Python 3.12 offer. Along
with this we have also mentioned the lasted trends.

Security Fix: A critical security patch addressing potential

vulnerabilities (details not publicly disclosed).
SBOM (Software Bill of Materials) Documents: Availability of SBOM
documents for CPython, improving transparency in the software supply
chain.

Expected Upcoming Features of Python 3.13

Pattern Matching (PEP 635): A powerful new syntax for pattern

matching, potentially similar to features found in languages like Ruby.
This could significantly improve code readability and maintainability.
Union Typing Enhancements (PEP 647): Extending type annotations for
unions, allowing for more precise type definitions and improved static
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Improved Exception Groups (PEP 653): A new mechanism for grouping

related exceptions, making error handling more organized and user-
friendly.

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