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    Inguinal Region (Compatibility Mode)

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    mujuni
    Inguinal Region anatomy

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    Inguinal Region (Compatibility Mode)

    Uploaded by

    mujuni
    4 views27 pages
    Inguinal Region anatomy

    Original Title

    Inguinal Region [Compatibility Mode]

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    Inguinal Region anatomy

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4 views27 pages

    Inguinal Region (Compatibility Mode)

    Uploaded by

    mujuni
    Inguinal Region anatomy

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 27

    INGUINAL REGION

    Manyama mange
    Monday, February 07, 2011
    Inguinal region
    „ Is the area of weakness in the inferior part of the anterolateral
    abdominal wall btn ASIS and pubic tubercle
    „ Through this region structures enter & exit the abdominal cavity
    „ Important surgically because is site for inguinal hernias
    Inguinal canal
    „ Oblique,
    q , intermuscular slit lying
    y g above to the medial half of inguinal
    g ligament
    g
    „ Commences at the deep inguinal ring (hole in fascia transversalis) and ends at
    the superficial inguinal ring (hole in aponeurosis of external oblique)
    „ Approximately 4cm long in adults
    „ Shorter & less oblique in newborn child because the deep ring lies almost directly
    posterior to superficial ring
    Inguinal canal
    Inguinal canal

    „ Allows structures of the


    spermatic
    p cord to p
    pass
    to and from the testis to
    the abdomen in males
    „ In females it permits the
    passage of the round
    ligament of uterus from
    the uterus to labia majus
    „ It also transmits
    ilioinguinal nerve and
    lymphatic vessels in
    both sexes
    Deep (internal) inguinal ring
    „ Oval opening in the fascia
    transversalis

    „ Entrance to the inguinal canal

    „ Lies about 1.3cm above the


    inguinal ligament midway
    between ASIS and pubic
    symphysis

    „ Lies lateral to inferior


    epigastric artery

    „ Forms an opening through


    which the ductus deferens or
    round ligament and gonadal
    vessels pass to enter the
    inguinal canal
    Deep (internal) inguinal ring
    Superficial inguinal ring
    „ Triangular-
    Ti
    Triangular
    l -shaped
    h dddefect
    f t iin aponeurosis
    i off th
    the external
    t l oblique
    bli muscle
    l
    „ Exit from the inguinal canal
    „ Lies immediately above and medial to pubic tubercle
    „ Lateral & medial margins of superficial ring called lateral & medial crura
    Walls of the inguinal canal
    „ Inguinal canal has two walls, a
    roof and floor
    „ Anterior wall
    „ Formed mainly by
    aponeurosis of external
    oblique
    „ Laterally reinforced by fibres
    of internal oblique
    „ Posterior wall
    „ Formed mainly by the fascia
    transversalis
    „ Reinforced
    f medially by the
    conjoint tendon
    Walls of the inguinal canal
    „ Roof (superior wall)
    „ Formed by the arching
    lo er fibres of the internal
    lower
    oblique and transversus
    abdominis muscles

    „ Floor (inferior wall)


    „ Formed by y the rolled-
    rolled-
    under inferior edge of the
    inguinal ligament
    „ Reinforced medially y byy the
    Lacunar ligament
    Development
    p of inguinal
    g canal
    „ Processus vaginalis
    g is a p
    peritoneal diverticulum
    formed before descend of testis and ovary from
    their site of origin on posterior abdominal Wall (L1)
    „ Processus vaginalis passes through layers of lower
    part of anterior abdominal wall
    „ As it passes, it acquires a tubular covering from each
    l
    layer (i
    (internall and
    d externall spermatici ffascia
    i and
    d
    cremasteric fascia)
    „ Testes and its accompanying
    p y g vessels,, ducts etc (in
    (
    spermatic cord) follow the course previously taken
    by processus vaginalis,
    vaginalis, hence acquire the 3 coverings
    Cryptorchidism
    „ undescended testes
    „ Undescended testis lies somewhere along the
    normal path of its prenatal descend,
    descend usually
    in inguinal canal
    „ U d
    Undescended
    d d testis
    i carries
    i risk
    i k off malignancy
    li
    Inguinal hernias
    Inguinal
    g hernias

    „ Protrusion of parietal
    peritoneum and viscera
    e.g. small intestine
    th
    throughh th
    the iinguinal
    i l
    rings
    „ Indirect hernia
    „ Direct hernia
    Inguinal hernias
    Spermatic cord
    „ Collection of structures
    that p
    pass throughg the
    inguinal canal to and from
    the testis
    „ Begins
    B i att th the d
    deep iinguinal
    i l
    ring, passes through the
    inguinal canal and exits at
    the superficial inguinal ring
    „ Ends in the scrotum at
    posterior border of testis
    Spermatic cord

    „ Coverings of the spermatic


    cord includes
    „ External spermatic fascia
    – derived from the
    external oblique
    aponeurosis
    „ Cremasteric fascia –
    derived from the internal
    oblique muscle
    „ Internal spermatic fascia
    – derived from the
    transversalis fascia
    Constituents of spermatic cord
    „ Ductus deferens – conveys
    sperm from epididynis to the
    ejaculatory
    j l d
    duct
    „ Testicular artery – branch of
    aorta
    „ Artery of ductus deferens
    „ Cremasteric artery
    „ P
    Pampiniform
    i if plexus
    l
    „ Autonomic nerves
    „ Genital branch of the
    genitofemoral nerve
    „ Testicular lymphatic vessels
    Testis
    „ Suspended in the scrotum by
    the spermatic cord
    „ L ft testis
    Left t ti usually
    ll lilie att llower
    level than the right
    „ Each testis is covered by the
    f ll i
    following
    „ Tunica albuginea

    „ Visceral layer of tunica


    vaginalis
    „ Parietal layer of tunica
    vaginalis
    „ Cavity of tunica vaginalis is
    between parietal and visceral
    layers and contains small
    amount of fluid
    Hydrocele and Haematocele

    „ Excessive fluid in the cavity


    y of tunica vaginalis
    g
    „ Presence of blood in the cavity of tunica vaginalis
    Testis
    „ Series of fibrous septa extend
    from inner surface of tunica
    albuginea dividing interior of
    testis into lobules
    „ 1-3 seminiferous tubules occupy
    each lobule
    „ Seminiferous tubules open into
    the rete testis, which are
    connected to the epididymis by
    efferent ductules
    „ Functions of testis - production of
    „ Sperms by spermatogenic cells
    „ Testosterone hormones by
    interstitial cells of leydig
    Epididymis
    „ Firm structure lying
    posterior
    t i to
    t the
    th testis
    t ti
    „ It has a head, body & tail
    „ Its length about 6 meters
    „ Vas deferens emerges
    from the tail of epididymis
    to enter spermatic cord
    „ Main function is
    absorption of fluid and
    addition of substances to
    the seminal fluid to
    nourish maturing sperms
    Blood supply, lymph drainage of
    t ti and
    testis d epididymis
    idid i
    „ Arterial supply
    „ Testicular artery
    „ V
    Venous d
    drainage
    i
    „ Pampiniform plexus
    „ Right
    Ri h testicular
    i l vein i ddrains
    i iinto IVC and
    d lleft
    f vein
    i
    drains into left renal vein
    „ L
    Lymph
    hddrainage
    i
    „ Lymph vessels drain into Para-
    Para-aortic nodes
    Torsion of spermatic cord
    „ Twisting of the
    spermatic cord
    Vasectomy

    „ Bilateral excision of a segment of ductus deferens to produce


    sterility in male

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