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Test Item File for Methods,4/e, Jackson/Verberg
MC 8-1
a. the mean
b. the mode
c. the z-score
d. the median
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 217-220
MC 8-2
Answer: B
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 217
MC 8-3
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 218
MC 8-4
Answer: D
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 218
MC 8-5
Answer: A
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 218
MC 8-6
Given 5 test scores (5, 8, 9, 3, 6), one can conclude that the:
a. median is 5
b. mode is 9
c. mean is 5
d. the range is 6
Answer: D
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 218
MC 8-7
a. the mode is 5
b. the mode is 6
c. the mean is 5
d. the median is 5
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 219
MC 8-8
Answer: B
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 220
MC 8-9
a. dispersion in a distribution
b. average of many different variables
c. measure of variation in the dependent variable
d. regression towards the mean in a distribution
Answer: A
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 220-221
MC 8-10
Answer: D
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 220
MC 8-11
Answer: B
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 220
MC 8-12
Answer: B
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 221
MC 8-13
Answer: D
Difficulty: Challenging
Page: 221
MC 8-14
Answer: A
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 221
MC 8-15
a. categories
b. units
c. medians
d. all of the above
Answer: A
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 224
MC 8-16
Given that the Canadian infant mortality rate is 8 deaths per 1000, and the American rate is 10
deaths per 1000, which of the following represents the American/Canadian infant mortality ratio:
a. 8/10
b. 1.25
c. .80
d. 1/1 or 1
Answer: B
Difficulty: Challenging
Page: 225
MC 8-17
The proportion of male beavers in the beaver population would be computed by:
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 222
MC 8-18
Answer: B
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 222
MC 8-19
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 226
MC 8-20
Within a normal distribution, as the number of measurement units become finer, the distribution
curve will become:
a. elongated
b. rougher
c. oblong
d. smoother
Answer: D
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 227
MC 8-21
Within a normal distribution, what percentage of cases will fall within one standard deviation (+
and -) of the mean:
a. 50
b. 68
c. 95
d. 0
Answer: B
Difficulty: Challenging
Page: 227
MC 8-22
Within a normal distribution, what percentage of cases will fall within 2 (+ and -) deviations from
the mean:
a. 50
b. 68.28
c. 95.46
d. 99
Answer: C
Difficulty: Challenging
Page: 227
MC 8-23
Answer: B
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 227
MC 8-24
a. (y - mean)
sd
b. (x - mean)
N
c. (x - mean)
sd
d. (x - mean)
y
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 227
MC 8-25
A distribution with little variation—a small standard deviation with respect to the magnitude of
variables—is said to be peaked and is referred to as:
a. bi-modal
b. platykurtic
c. leptokurtic
d. modal
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 232
MC 8-26
Answer: C
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 236
MC 8-27
a. -1 to 1
b. -1 to 0
c. 0 to 1
d. 0 to .5
Answer: C
Difficulty: Challenging
Page: 237
MC 8-28
Answer: B
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 237
MC 8-29
a. Y = a + bx
b. Y = a2 + bx
c. Y = Ax(b)
d. Y = Ax
b
Answer: A
Difficulty: Moderate
Page: 238
MC 8-30
a. r2 = 1 - variation around y
variation around regression
b. r = 1 - variation around y
variation around regression
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Page: 243
ES 8-1
a) standardization
b) normal curve
c) standard deviation
d) bi-modal distribution
e) scatterplot
f) rate
g) mode
h) leptokurtic
i) regression line
j) measures of dispersion
ES 8-2
Define the different levels of measurement used in quantitative research. Provide an example of
a survey question that measures a variable at each level of measurement? Briefly indicate why
levels of measurement are important considerations in quantitative research.
Answer: ESSAY
ES 8-3
A school teacher has three math classes. She has the following mean and standard deviations for
the students’ I.Q. scores of each class. The teacher knows that she is more effective teaching
mathematics to a students who have similar ability levels. Without calculating the z-scores,
suggest which class (#1, #2, or #3) would you predict the teacher to be most effective with?
Explain and illustrate your choice.
Answer: ESSAY
ES 8-4
You have calculated the correlation coefficient (r) for the relationship between sports participation
and grade point average. Your r = .76. Interpret this statistic, and draw a scatterplot to graph what
your results would like. Explain the pattern on the scatterplot (i.e., say why the data points appear
as they do).
Answer: ESSAY
ES 8-5
A university is selecting graduate students for its Masters program from applicants with a
university degree. With transcript information provided by the former university, the Graduate
Selection Committee was able to assess the grades of each candidate by comparing them to the
grades of the students in their graduating class.
a. Why did they want to compare the applicants’ grades to the grades of their
classmates? Why would the z-score be a useful statistical tool for the Committee?
b. With the information provided below, calculate the Z-scores for the following two
candidates. The Z-score formula is: Z=(X-mean)/sd.
• Rosemarie Dumont average was 78. The mean for her class was 81 and the
standard deviation was 12.
• Linda Pacheco average was 78. The mean for her class was 69 and the
standard deviation was 4.
c. Advise the Graduate Selection Committee on which student should be accepted and
why.
Answer: ESSAY
ES 8-6
The correlation coefficient (r2) for the relationship between anxiety level and test scores is –.83.
Write a statement providing an interpretation of this statistic, and draw a graph to show what your
results would look like. Be sure to put write a title for the table and to label the axes.
ES 8-7
The plot shown on Table 8.1 reveals the relationship between Years of Education and Age for an
occupational group. Outline the steps you could take to visually estimate: (i) the equation that
describes the relation between age and years of education for this group; and (ii) the correlation
coefficient for this relationship. Show your work and submit the plot with your examination.
Answer: ESSAY
Table 8.1 Plots of Relation Between Years of Education and Age of Employees.
22 _
E 20 _ *
D 18 _ * *
U 16 _ ****** ** *
C 14 _ ** ** *
A 12 _ ** ****** *** *
T 10 _ * * **
I 8_ ** * *
O 6_
N 4_
2_
0 ___________________________________
12 24 36 48 6
On the following morning Sir Robert went to Jack’s room before that
young man was up, and sitting on the edge of his bed, gave him
such a searching catechism, ending with such a severe lecture, that
his late ward was surprised at the thoroughness with which the
baronet, his fears once roused, tackled the subject of his wife’s
flirtation.
The result of this was satisfactory in the main to Sir Robert. Jack
appeared to be perfectly frank and only slightly ashamed of himself.
He protested that he and Lady Sarah had never been more to each
other than sympathetic companions and devoted friends, and that,
while he admitted he was fonder of her than he had ever been of any
woman, they had never exceeded the limits of innocent flirtation; and
Jack reminded the baronet that he must have been aware, all this
time, that they did flirt.
Sir Robert scarcely knew how to meet this.
It was true that his wife had openly flirted with Jack before him; but
coquetry was ingrain in her nature, and when she had nobody else
to amuse herself with, she even, upon occasion, coquetted, much to
his delight, with her husband himself.
The upshot of the conversation was that he obtained from Jack a
solemn promise to go away without an attempt to communicate with
Lady Sarah, and to travel abroad for a time, undertaking the while
not to correspond with her.
Upon this promise Jack was allowed to leave the house at once,
under an appearance of perfect amity with its master; and the
simple-minded baronet congratulated himself on having got out of a
difficulty and saved his brilliant wife from further danger, in a fairly
satisfactory manner.
When Lady Sarah came downstairs, she was met by her husband,
who escorted her into the morning-room, and told her, very gently
and without any further appearance of anger or resentment, that he
and Jack had talked over the matter of their conversation of the
previous night, and that they had both come to the conclusion that
the best thing to be done was that all relations between the young
man and his friends at the Mill-house should be broken off for the
present.
Lady Sarah, sitting by the window with her lips compressed and
her hands tightly clasped, listened in dead silence. When he had
finished she paused, and receiving no reply, at length said:
“Well! I hope you’re satisfied that we’ve done the best thing
possible to bury this unhappy affair of the loss of the picture?”
“Oh, quite,” said she lightly, in a hard, scoffing tone. “Jack and I
are each put in a corner, and bidden not to turn our faces round from
the wall to look at each other. Nothing could be better.”
“I wish you wouldn’t take it like that, my dear. You must realise that
you have been playing with your reputation,” he said.
“Oh, hang my reputation. What’s the use of having a husband at
all if his presence isn’t sufficient security for his wife’s good
behaviour?”
It was “a nasty one,” and it was meant to be so. Sir Robert drew
back, wounded.
“It’s by your own wish,” said he rather drily, “that our relations are
not closer than they are.”
“Certainly. And how long is this arrangement to last? How long is it
going to take my invalid reputation to get well again?”
Sir Robert frowned uneasily.
“Do you mean that you want to know when Jack can come here
again?”
“Yes. People will talk, you know. And instead of my intercourse
with him being looked upon, as it always was, and as it rightly was,
as perfectly innocent, people will put their heads together, and talk
about what Sir Robert ‘found out.’ ”
“We must risk something,” said Sir Robert shortly. “We risk as little
as we can. I want, if you please, your word of honour that you will
hold no sort of communication with him until I give you leave to do
so. That you will neither see him nor write to him nor receive letters
from him.”
“Oh, I must promise, I suppose. Though it’s rather hard upon him,
considering that the picture affair was my fault, and not his at all.”
“He must expect to take his share of the blame,” said Sir Robert.
“And now, my dear, since we shall be more dependent upon each
other’s society, I hope you will not find me very exacting or very
tiresome.”
His tone was full of tenderness, but it met with no response from
Lady Sarah. Perhaps, in the circumstances, it was scarcely likely
that the spoilt beauty would receive his overtures graciously. She
rose, shrugged her shoulders, and saying briefly, “Oh, I shall be very
good,” she went out of the room forgetting that she had had no
breakfast.
Sir Robert looked depressed and uneasy. It was not a good
beginning, certainly, of the happy domestic life he had begun to hope
for.
Before the day was over it became plain that Lady Sarah had
thought the matter out, and had made up her mind what part to play.
She showed herself wonderfully bright, lively, charming, not only to
her husband, but to Rhoda, so that Minnie raised her eyebrows, and,
after making futile guesses as to what could have happened, and as
to the reason of Jack Rotherfield’s abrupt disappearance, expressed
the opinion that her aunt was too amiable to be able to “keep it up.”
But she was wrong. Day after day passed and still Lady Sarah
was sweet-tempered and bright, playful with her husband, amusing
with Rhoda and Minnie, and affectionate to Caryl.
Sir Robert was delighted at this new phase of his wife’s character,
and congratulated himself, dear, simple man, on the accident which
had seemed so terrible at the time, which had given him an
opportunity of putting matters on a sound and safe footing.
But Rhoda and Minnie, with their acute feminine perception of
character, detected something forced in Lady Sarah’s laughter,
something insincere and hollow in her amiability. She chatted with a
vivacity which was almost feverish, and her laughter did not, to their
keen ears, ring quite true.
And then Rhoda could not help noticing that Lady Sarah became
suddenly much more fond of taking walks by herself than formerly,
and saw her coming out of a little newspaper shop in the High Street,
where it was very unlikely that she would buy either books or
stationery.
Rhoda, ashamed of herself for the thought, came nevertheless to
the conclusion that Lady Sarah went there to get letters which she
could not safely receive at home.
The suspicion was a dreadful one to bear, for if she was right,
Rhoda saw that Lady Sarah had not scrupled to break her promise
to her husband as soon as it was made.
Rhoda changed her own line of conduct a little, gave up, as much
as possible, her share of Sir Robert’s work, in the hope that his wife
would take it up. The only result was, however, that, used to Rhoda’s
orderly ways, poor Sir Robert soon got into a hopeless muddle with
his notes and manuscripts, when he was thus suddenly left once
more to his own devices, while Lady Sarah secretly enjoyed his
discomfiture.
Rhoda, meanwhile, kept almost entirely to Caryl’s rooms, except
when he went out, when she never failed to accompany him. She
scarcely ever got a moment to herself, and she had been thus
almost confined to the house for a fortnight, when, running down the
hill to the pillar-box at the corner to post a letter to one of her sisters,
she caught sight of a motor-car turning into a side-road, and asked
herself, with a horrible shock of suspicion and surprise, whether it
was not that of Jack Rotherfield.
It was dusk, and she knew there was a possibility that she might
have been mistaken; but the presence of Jack in the neighbourhood,
in spite of his promise and Lady Sarah’s, was only too probable, and
much against her own inclination, Rhoda felt obliged to keep a look
out for eventualities.
When she got home, she was surprised to find Lady Sarah in
Caryl’s room, sitting by the boy, holding his hand, and speaking to
him with much more than her usual kindness and sweetness.
Rhoda held her breath, and her cheeks blanched with a growing
fear. Was this only a coincidence, the reappearance of Jack
Rotherfield, and the sudden undergrowth in Lady Sarah of
something like an ordinary mother’s love for her child?
Rhoda could not but ask herself the question; and when Lady
Sarah looked up at her quickly, and holding out her hand, said: “Ah,