TRANSFORMATION OF A WORLD INTO A GLOBAL VILLAGE PROJECT

Why has the world become a Global Village, Globalism spread like fire
due to rapidly evolving technologies. Traveling distances between the
continents decreased from months to weeks, weeks to days, and days to
hours by faster Airplanes and special Jets. It’s a phrase that captures the
essence of our interconnectedness, where events in one corner of the
world can have a ripple effect across continents like the Russia-Ukrain
war.
The communication mediums are also on an advanced level. Where we
can communicate from one end to the other end of the world. We
communicate, like discussing face-to-face in real time. Even Businessmen
doing their Business, Trading, and Exchanging worldwide. Let’s explore &
try to understand how and why this World emerged as a Global Village.

Firstly The Term ” Global Village” Used By

A Canadian philosopher Marshall McLuhan who studies Media Theory,
uses first time the term Global Village in his book. People are
interconnected through Media all over the World. That was not true four
to five decades ago. At that time there was no sign of Smartphones and
the Internet.

Marshall McLuhan’s Vision of the Global Village

Marshall McLuhan’s concept of the global village describes a world
where modern technologies connect people across the globe, even when
they are not physically close. This interconnectedness allows individuals
to share experiences, access information, and express themselves
through platforms like social media.
Global Village is generally meant to be a concept where
people from different parts of the world are connected
with each other through easy commutes and travel,
media and electronic communication (radio, television,
telephone, mobile phone, internet etc.) and gradually
become a single community .

Global Village brings the word in front of

everyone

Herbert Marshall McLuhan

yourdictionary.com According to Global Village -

“The definition of a global village is the idea that people are connected by easy
travel, mass media and electronic communications, and have become a single
community.”
MacMillan dictionary According to Global Village -
“The modern world which all countries depend on each other and seem to be
closer together because of modern communications and transport system.”

Advantages of Global Village

1. It is known about different countries and their culture.
2. Click on the information in any country at the moment.
3. Anyone in the world can be contacted at any moment.
4. The efficiency and speed of human work are increasing.
5. The results of various research are easily revealed.
6. E-mail, text, audio and all at any moment in the world Video sharing can
be done.
7. Different types of software, freeware, entertainment equipment from the
internet Can be downloaded and collected.
8. Learning from educational sites, books from online libraries Read and
teach in the world's renowned educational institutions by sitting in the
house Can be accepted.
9. In the telemedicine system, the world is famous in any corner of the world
Medical services are available to the doctors.
10. Various types of television and radio channels on the computer are
available on the computer The ceremony can be enjoyed.

Each of us has
 some friends we share with. Each of your friends has different brands of mobile phones. Some of
them are Made in Japan, some of them are Made in the Us, and some of them in Made in South
Korea.

Each of you lives in the same country and buys a phone from your local electronics shops. So how
did the products made in different countries come to you?

Suppose you go to big multiplexes and buy foreign brand clothes that come from almost all
overseas. How is it possible?

All this is possible as a result of globalization. The answer to these questions is hidden in one
word, that is, globalization.
So let’s find out the answer to the question- What is Globalization? What about the history of
globalization?
Table of Contents

 What is Globalization?
 Features of Globalization
 History of Globalization
 What are the Four Phases in the History of Globalization?

What is Globalization?
The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) revolution, the free flow of information-
based and knowledge-based economies, and the growing integration with the global economy of
the national economy, and the market economy is the key to globalization.
So globalization is the process by which the free market economy is ensured all over the
world. In this process, foreign companies are doing trade throughout the world. That’s why you
can get all the foreign products at a minimal price from your doorstep.
It is also a mechanism of mutual interaction and interconnection that initiates coordination and
interaction between governments, institutions, and peoples of different nations. The driving force
of this approach is international trade and investment, and its main supporting force is information
technology.

History of Globalization
Globalization is not a new phenomenon. Today’s globalization has developed through different
phases which started in ancient times.

Human beings always moved from one place to another place with the purpose of trade. They
exchanged goods, skills, and ideas with other people from history.
 What are the Four Phases
in the History of Globalization?
To understand globalization better, you need to be aware of every phase of it. Then you will
understand exactly how globalization has become today’s globalization.

There are mainly four phases of globalization. These are:

First Phase in the History of Globalization

The first phase of globalization began primarily from the 19th century onwards and continued until
the beginning of the First World War, which means 1914.
As a result of the industrial revolution, Great Britain influenced the world through their trade.
Inventions such as steam engines, industrial weaving machines, and more accelerated trade
worldwide. Global trade began in the true sense of this period.

Prior to this phase, the growth rate of world trade was on average at 3% per year. However, since
the Industrial Revolution, global trade increased by 6% and subsequently increased by 14%.
During this time, trade in these countries, besides England, France, Portugal, USA, had increased
greatly. But England was all around. That is to say, England took a huge advantage in this phase of
globalization.

Then came the First World War (1914) and all the countries close their borders again. Global trade
fell down again.

Great Depression
Since the First World War, there has been a gradual shift in each country, and world trade has
become limited. The result was a recession which was also called as Great Depression.
The recession began in 1929 and ended at the end of the decade of 1930. It is a long-lasting and
widespread recession of the twentieth century.

In the 20th century, the Great Depression was used as an example of the collapse of the global
economy.

The recession began in the United States after the stock market collapsed on September 4, 1929.

Later on October 29, 1929, the news spread to the global stock market, known as Black Tuesday.
Global GDP declined by about 15% between 1929 and 1932. In some economies recovered in the
middle of the 1930s, the effects of the Great Depression on the economy of many countries
continued until the beginning of World War II. Then after World War II, world trade almost
stopped. However, this is not the end of globalization.

Second and Third Phases in the History of Globalization

After World War II, another new chapter in globalization was launched under the leadership of the
USA and World trade has increased again. This time, Iron Curtain divided the whole world into two
parts – the USA led on one end and USSR led on the other. But in 1989, the iron curtain was
broken and globalization gained a rapid boost.

The EU’s Free Trade and the USA’s rapid increase in trade at the beginning of 1950 helped
strengthen the global economy. On the other hand, USSR increase its global trade similarly to the
USA but using centralized planning rather than free trade. This time, the world economy returns to
its old rhythm. Export once again increase to 14% of global GDP which was achieved in 1914.

Ever since the collapse of the Soviet Union, free trade has been rampant throughout the world. The
World Trade Organization is created to promote free trade around the world.

Fourth Phase In the History of Globalization

The world we are living in now is actually the fourth phase of globalization. The two powers that
govern the current world now are the USA and the other is China.

Now the Internet is the main driving force of globalization. Now we talk more about the digital
economy such as E-commerce, digital services, 3D printing, and so on.

However, negative globalization is also expanding, such as the adverse effects of climate change
on Earth, cross-border cyber attacks, terrorism, etc.

Globalization has a long history dating back to ancient times when travelers, traders, priests and pilgrims travelled vast
distances along routes like the Silk Road, exchanging goods and spreading culture. Key shifts included the 15th century
European conquest and colonization of America, which introduced new crops and redirected global trade towards Europe.
Disease carried by Europeans also devastated indigenous populations. By the 18th century, Europe had emerged as the
dominant global economic power, marking a shift from other historical centers like China and India. Modern globalization
since the late 20th century is characterized by increased cross-border trade, investment, technology sharing, and flows of
people and information.