Astm A108
Astm A108
Astm A108
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
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by grade numbers or by chemical composition.
NOTE 1—A guide for the selection of steel bars is contained in Practice 3. Terminology
A 400.
3.1 Definition:
1.2 Material furnished under this specification shall con- 3.1.1 standard quality—cold-finished carbon steel bars pro-
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of duced from special quality hot-wrought carbon steel bars or
Specification A 29/A 29M. rods of equivalent quality.
1.3 Some end uses may require material superior to standard 3.1.1.1 Discussion—Bars of standard quality are commonly
quality involving one or more of the available designations produced in standard chemical grade compositions or to
shown under Supplementary Requirements. Supplementary mechanical property specifications and are subject to product
requirements shall apply only when specified individually by analysis tolerances.
the purchaser. 3.1.1.2 Discussion—The available sections and sizes are
covered by Specification A 29/A 29M. The bars are normally
2. Referenced Documents produced in cut lengths but some small sizes are supplied in
2.1 ASTM Standards: coils. The producer should be consulted regarding sections and
A 29/A 29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and sizes available in coils.
Alloy, Hot-Wrought and Cold-Finished, General Require-
ments for2 4. Ordering Information
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing 4.1 Orders for cold-finished bars to this specification should
of Steel Products3 include the following items to adequately describe the material:
A 400 Practice for Steel Bars, Selection Guide, Composi- 4.1.1 Name of material,
tion, and Mechanical Properties2 4.1.2 ASTM specification number and date of issue,
A 510 Specification for General Requirements for Wire 4.1.3 Chemical composition grade designation or limits,
Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel3 4.1.4 Silicon, if required,
A 576 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, 4.1.5 Additional machinability-enhancing elements (see
Special Quality2 Footnote D to Table 1),
E 45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content 4.1.6 Condition,
of Steel4 4.1.7 Quality,
4.1.8 Shape (round, hex, square, etc.), size, and length,
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This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel,
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Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
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A01.15 on Bars. Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,
Current edition approved March 10, 1999. Published June 1999. Originally Warrendale, PA 15096.
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published as A 108–26 T. Last previous edition A 108–95. Available from the Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D,
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05. 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094 Attn: NPODS.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03. Available from the American Iron and Steel Institute, 150 East 42nd St., New
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01. York, NY 10017.
NOTE 1—Grade designations and compositions correspond to the respective AISI designations and compositions.
4.1.9 Report of heat analysis, if required, freedom from pipe and undue segregation.
4.1.10 End use, 5.4 Redraw Stock—The bars shall be produced from special
4.1.11 Additions to the specification and special or supple- quality hot-wrought carbon steel bars (Specification A 576) or
mentary requirements, if required, and from hot-wrought rods designated for cold-finished bars
4.1.12 For coiled product, the coil weights, inside diameter (Specification A 510).
and outside diameter limitations, when required. 5.5 Condition—The bars shall be furnished in one of the
NOTE 2—A typical ordering description is as follows: Steel Bar, ASTM following conditions as specified by the purchaser:
A 108, dated _____; SAE 1117; Coarse Grain; Cold Drawn; 6000 lb of 5.5.1 Rounds:
1.500-in. diameter by 10.0 to 12.0 ft long; Heat Analysis Required; Screw 5.5.1.1 Cold drawn,
Machine Parts.
5.5.1.2 Cold drawn, turned, and polished,
5. Materials and Manufacture 5.5.1.3 Cold drawn, ground, and polished,
5.1 Melting Practice—The steel shall be made by one or 5.5.1.4 Cold drawn, turned, ground, and polished,
more of the following primary processes: open-hearth, basic- 5.5.1.5 Hot wrought, turned, and polished, or
oxygen, or electric-furnace. The primary melting may incor- 5.5.1.6 Hot wrought, turned, ground, and polished.
porate separate degassing or refining and may be followed by 5.5.2 Squares, Hexagons—Cold drawn.
secondary melting using electroslag remelting or vacuum-arc 5.5.3 Flats:
remelting. Where secondary melting is employed, the heat
5.5.3.1 Cold drawn or
shall be defined as all of the ingots remelted from a single
primary heat. 5.5.3.2 Cold rolled.
5.2 Deoxidation: 5.6 Heat Treatment:
5.2.1 Unless otherwise specified, the steel may be rimmed, 5.6.1 Unless otherwise specified, the bars shall be furnished
capped, semi-killed, or killed at the manufacturer’s option. as cold finished except that when the maximum of the carbon
5.2.2 When required, the deoxidation practice, including range is over 0.55 % they shall be annealed for cold finishing.
killed steel, may be specified. 5.6.2 When property characteristics are required that are not
5.3 Discard—Sufficient discard shall be made to ensure available for the specified grade as developed in the as-rolled
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SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall be applied only when specified by
the purchaser in the inquiry, contract, or order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall be
agreed upon in writing by the manufacturer and the purchaser. Supplementary requirements shall in
no way negate any requirement of the specification itself.
S1.1 The classification encompasses bars subject to severe S2. Special Surface Quality
cold plastic deformation such as, but not limited to, upsetting, S2.1 Special surface steels are produced with exacting
heading, forging, forward or backward extrusion. control and appropriate inspection and surface preparation to
S1.2 If the type of steel or chemical composition does not minimize the frequency and degree of seams and other surface
have adequate cold working characteristics, appropriate ther- imperfections.
mal treatments should be specified.
S1.3 When Supplementary Requirement S1 is specified, the S3. Special Internal Soundness Requirement
bars shall be produced by manufacturing practices and sub- S3.1 Special internal soundness is relative freedom from
jected to mill tests and inspection and freedom from injurious segregation and porosity, as evaluated by means of a macroetch
surface imperfections to the extent that the bars shall be test which is performed on representative billet or bar samples.
suitable for the manufacture of identified parts. The quality The test consists of deep etching a cross section in a hot acid
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