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    Polish Armia Krajowa Series No. 10.

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    Louis Meulstee
    The WftW 'Polish' series comprises three groups of publications. These start with a detailed technical view of wireless communications in the Polish army during the inter-war years until 1939. Next, it covers 'Wireless in the Armia Krajowa and the Warsaw Uprising' (THIS series), and concludes with the development and production of radios for resistance groups, Polish AK, SOE, and agents during WWII by the Polish in exile in Great Britain.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Polish Armia Krajowa Series No. 10.

    Uploaded by

    Louis Meulstee
    15 views5 pages
    The WftW 'Polish' series comprises three groups of publications. These start with a detailed technical view of wireless communications in the Polish army during the inter-war years until 1939. Next, it covers 'Wireless in the Armia Krajowa and the Warsaw Uprising' (THIS series), and concludes with the development and production of radios for resistance groups, Polish AK, SOE, and agents during WWII by the Polish in exile in Great Britain.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    The WftW 'Polish' series comprises three groups of publications. These start with a detailed technical view of wireless communications in the Polish army during the inter-war years until 1939. Next, it covers 'Wireless in the Armia Krajowa and the Warsaw Uprising' (THIS series), and concludes with the development and production of radios for resistance groups, Polish AK, SOE, and agents during WWII by the Polish in exile in Great Britain.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    15 views5 pages

    Polish Armia Krajowa Series No. 10.

    Uploaded by

    Louis Meulstee
    The WftW 'Polish' series comprises three groups of publications. These start with a detailed technical view of wireless communications in the Polish army during the inter-war years until 1939. Next, it covers 'Wireless in the Armia Krajowa and the Warsaw Uprising' (THIS series), and concludes with the development and production of radios for resistance groups, Polish AK, SOE, and agents during WWII by the Polish in exile in Great Britain.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    By Louis Meulstee

    Polish Armia Krajowa series


    No. 10 Blyskawica.
    Cover and layout: Louis Meulstee.
    Cover illustration: Blyskawica transmitter 1944.

    The cover artwork and layout of this series was prepared with DTP Serif PagePlus X8,
    using Arial, AvantGarde, Helvetica, Times New Roman and Poppl-Laudatio fonts.
    Scanned illustrations and photos were enhanced and prepared with Adobe Photoshop
    Elements. The finished publication was directly converted into PDF format.

    - First published 2024 as WftW Supplement No. 299, Version 1.00, as a free to download
    print ready publication.
    - This unchanged edition was adapted for Scribd™ with the addition of a front cover
    and colophon.

    © Louis Meulstee PA0PCR


    Ottersum
    The Netherlands
    info@wftw.nl
    http://www.wftw.nl

    About this publication.


    Selected publications, previously featured on the Wireless for the Warrior website, have
    now been added to Scribd™ to reach a broader audience.
    The WftW 'Polish' series comprises three groups of publications. These start with a
    detailed technical view of wireless communications in the Polish army during the inter-war
    years until 1939. Next, it covers 'Wireless in the Armia Krajowa and the Warsaw Uprising'
    (THIS series), and concludes with the development and production of radios for resistance
    groups, Polish AK, SOE, and agents during WWII by the Polish in exile in Great Britain.
    It should be noted that in the Armia Krajowa series, only locally produced radios are
    covered.
    Already published on Scribd™ are selected chapters from the WftW 'Pamphlets', WftW
    'Amendments', and WftW 'Various' series, with more to follow as time permits.

    The 'Polish' Series.


    The WftW 'Polish' series is not directly related, but within the scope of the WftW website
    and interest. It can be freely copied and distributed, but only in their current form,
    preferably with mention of the website www.wftw.nl.
    Note that the page layout of the WftW series was setup with mirrored pages, primarily
    intended for double sided (colour) printing and, if available, on good quality class A paper.

    June 2024
    Wireless for the Warrior - Polish Armia Krajowa series No. 10 Blyskawica - 1

    (Lightning)
    Blyskawica
    (Armia Krajowa #10)
    Country of origin:
    Poland

    REMARKS
    DATA SUMMARY Here Warsaw. Here Warsaw.
    Design/Maker: Antoni Zebik. Warsaw is fighting!
    Year of Introduction: 1944. After five years of terrible terror, after years of underground
    Purpose: Broadcast transmitter used during the Warsaw fighting, Warsaw took to the streets to openly level the accounts
    uprising in September 1944. of wrongs with the German invader in the glare of the day and
    gain the desired freedom!
    Frequency: 32.8M (9.146MHz) shortwave.
    Circuit features: Crystal oscillator, driver, RF output (2 With this message on August 8th, 1944, at 9.45, radio station
    valves in parallel). Suppressor grid modulation. "Blyskawica" (Lightning) started its first transmission. News of
    Valves: 6L6 (2x), PC 1.5/100 (2x), 4683 (2x), AL4, AF7. the Warsaw Uprising flowed into the world.
    Power: 200W; Aerial: Windom.
    Blyskawica (Lightning) was the main insurgents broadcasting station
    Power Supply: AC mains 220V. Rectifiers: 866 (2x), 83,
    during the Warsaw Uprising providing vital information, initially
    1915 and AB2.
    transmitting on the 8th of August 1944 from the Post Office Savings
    Bank, known as PKO. On the 25th the station was transferred to Cafe
    ‘Adria’; the 4th of September it was moved to the former USSR
    embassy and finally to the Warsaw Public Library. The daily
    broadcasts on shortwave 32.8M, two in Polish and two in English,
    were relayed by ‘Burza’ (Thunderstorm) on 52.1M (see Chapter 300).
    On orders of Armia Krajowa, Antoni Zebik was commissioned in 1943
    to build a 100-200W National Army Headquarter broadcast transmitter
    (later known as "Blyskawica") in Częstochowa, as a preparation to
    the later uprising. Prior to the outbreak of the uprising, the station was
    transported in a number of loads to the Warsaw PKO building.
    However, the crates with the equipment of the station, to be launched
    in the early hours of the uprising, did not reach their destination and
    by late night their fate was unknown. The crates were eventually
    located in the yard of a house, but due to heavy rain completely soaked.
    After being transported to the PKO building the transmitter was
    dismantled into smaller units and dried by exposing to three electric
    Post Office Savings Bank (PKO): pre-war and the remains stoves and fans. In the mean time a makeshift transmitter known as
    after the war. Burza (Thunderstorm) was built in the Main Post Office premises by
    Wlodzimierzem Markowski (see Chapter 300). On the 8th of August
    1944 the originally intended broadcasting station Blyskawica was
    repaired and came on the air from the PKO building. On October the
    4th 1944, when the Warsaw Uprising came to an end, after the last 10
    minutes broadcast, the station was destroyed by the team leader.
    A replica of Blyskawica is on display in the Warsaw Uprising Museum.

    References:
    - Technical documentation of replica insurgent radio station
    Blyskawica, Zygmunt Seliga, SP5AYY, Warsaw, 2004.
    - Zolnierze Lacznosej Warszawy (Communications Soldiers of
    fighting Warsaw), Kazimierz Malinowski, Warszawa, 1983,
    isbn 83-211-0378-2.
    https://sites.google.com/site/sq5ebo/b%C5%82yskawica
    https://www.qrz.com/db/SN0MPW
    Original Blyskawica (Lightning) transmitter https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C5%82yskawica_(radiostacja)
    with its designer Antoni Zebik (1943).
    © This WftW chapter may be freely copied and distributed, but only in the current form.

    Page 1 of 3. ver 1.00. June 2024.


    Wireless for the Warrior - Polish Armia Krajowa series No. 10 Blyskawica - 2
    Daily programs during the Warsaw Uprising.
    Blyskawica’s editorial team leader was Stanisław Zadrożny, his deputy
    Zofia Rutkowska who took over the management of the program. The
    broadcasts in English were conducted by Jan Nowak­Jeziorański and
    RAF pilot John Ward. Zbigniew Świętochowski, Jeremi Przybora,
    Stefan Sojecki, Zbigniew Jasiński, and Mieczysław Ubysz also worked
    as announcers. Diaries and reports were led by Jacek Wołowski.

    Front panel view of the three units of the replica


    Blyskawica transmitter: Modulator unit (top), AC
    mains 1500V HT power unit (centre) and actual trans-
    mitter (bottom).
    Improvised studio of Blyskawica with announcers of the The replica transmitter designed to operate in the 40M
    National Army and Polish Radio. radio amateur band, was actually used from August 8
    to the 4th of October 2004 during the remembrance of
    the 60th year of the Warsaw Uprising.
    (Photograph taken by Zygmunt Seliga, SP5AYY).

    Polish Radio broadcast.


    Kalina I and II were 1kW and 500W high power broadcast stations,
    assembled by the University of Technology in Warsaw, intended to be
    used by the Polish Radio broadcasting as soon as the Warsaw Upris-
    ing would start. Located at the University, Kalina I was damaged by
    an artillery shell in the first days of the Uprising, and Kalinka II was
    not completed. After the Lightning transmitter was on the air again, it
    was also used by the Polish Radio.

    Other broadcast stations at the Warsaw Uprising.


    Apart from the Lightning and Thunderstorm, there were a few other Radio amateur QSL card issued to stations who made
    broadcast stations. These operated on medium wave, but with a contact with the replica Blyskawica station in 2004.
    relative low power.
    Although no technical details were recorded, the names of these
    stations were ‘Rafel’, led by Kazimierz Moczarski, ‘Kowal’ by
    Adam Dobrowski, and ’Anna’, operating from ul. Marszalkowski
    62, led by Kazimierz Ostrowski. Broadcasts of these stations, in
    Polish, were a picture of insurgent life.
    One of these stations, located in Warsaw, operated on the wavelength
    of a Radio Krakow, a German Wehrmacht station on 224M, with
    propaganda and morale breaking broadcasts.

    During the uprising, radio receivers were exhibited in various places


    in Warsaw, allowing by-passers to listen to the broadcasts. Over 150
    broadcast receivers were acquired after the Philips plant warehouses
    were captured by insurgents.

    2004: Antoni Zebik, SP7LA (Pre-war SP1ZA), the design-


    er of ‘Blyskawica’ (Lightning) transmitter with a replica
    prior to its delivery to the Warsaw Uprising Museum.
    (Photograph taken by Zygmunt Seliga, SP5AYY).
    © This WftW chapter may be freely copied and distributed, but only in the current form.

    Page 2 of 3. ver 1.00. June 2024.


    Wireless for the Warrior - Polish Armia Krajowa series No. 10 Blyskawica - 3

    Circuit diagram of the original ‘Blyskawica’


    (Lightning) transmitter.

    © This WftW chapter may be freely copied and distributed, but only in the current form.

    Page 3 of 3. ver 1.00. June 2024.

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