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What Is HBP Medicine

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ANSWERS Lifestyle + Risk Reduction

by heart High Blood Pressure

What Is
High Blood Pressure
Medication?
When your blood pressure is high, medication
is an important part of your treatment
plan. Your health care professional will likely
recommend lifestyle changes along with your
medication. You may need one or more types
of medication to keep your blood pressure at a
healthy level.

Every person reacts differently to medication.


You may need a trial period before you find
the best one, or combination of medications, Taking your medication the way your health care professional tells
for you. you to is key to reducing your blood pressure.

What should I know about high blood The following medications relax and widen blood vessels.
pressure medication? This allows blood to flow more easily, which lowers blood
pressure.
• Different medications work in unique ways to help lower
your blood pressure. • Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

• High blood pressure medication only works when you take • Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
it as prescribed. • Calcium channel blockers
• You shouldn’t stop taking your medication without your • Direct renin inhibitors
health care professional’s approval. • Alpha blockers
• Managing blood pressure is a lifelong effort. Treatment • Central alpha-2 agonists
usually continues even after your blood pressure is
lowered. This keeps your blood pressure in a normal range. • Blood vessel dilators, or direct vasodilators

Another medication, called beta-blockers, helps your


What types of medication may be prescribed? heart beat slower and with less force. This lowers your
blood pressure.
Diuretics are often the first line of treatment. These
medications are sometimes called “water pills.” They help Your health care professional will prescribe the
control blood pressure by removing excess sodium (salt) medication, or combination of medications, that they
and water from your body through urination. If diuretics decide is best for you. If medication cost is an issue for
don’t lower your blood pressure enough, you may also be you, let your health care team know. They may suggest
prescribed other medication. a medication that costs less. Also ask about patient
assistance programs.

(continued)
What Is High Blood Pressure Medication?

What are the side effects? How can I remember to take my medication?
Some high blood pressure medications can affect certain It can be hard to remember to take your medication. To be
body functions. This may result in side effects. But the safe, you must take it properly. These are some good ways:
benefits of using the medications outweigh the risk of side • Take your medication at the same time each day.
effects in most people.
• Take medication along with daily events, such as
Some common side effects that may occur include: brushing your teeth.
• Weakness, tiredness • Feeling thirsty • Use a weekly pill box with separate sections for each day
or drowsiness • Cough or time of day.
• Erectile dysfunction • Muscle cramps • Ask family and friends to help remind you.
• Trouble sleeping • Headache, dizziness or • Use a medication calendar.
• Slow or fast heartbeat light-headedness • Set a reminder on your smartphone.
• Skin rash • Constipation or diarrhea

If you are having side effects, don’t stop taking your


medication to avoid them. Work with your health care
professional to find the medication or dose that works
best for you.

HOW CAN I LEARN MORE? Do you have


questions for your MY QUEST ION S:
Call 1-800-AHA-USA1 (1-800-242-8721)
or visit heart.org to learn more about doctor or nurse?
heart disease and stroke. Take a few minutes to
write down questions
Sign up for our monthly Heart Insight for the next time you
e-news for heart patients and their see your health care
families at HeartInsight.org. professional.
Connect with others sharing similar For example:
journeys with heart disease and stroke
Should I avoid any foods
by joining our Support Network at
or medications?
heart.org/SupportNetwork.
What reactions or side
effects should I expect?

We have many other fact sheets to help you make healthier choices to reduce your risk for heart disease,
manage your condition or care for a loved one. Visit heart.org/AnswersByHeart to learn more.

© Copyright 2024 American Heart Association, Inc., a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use prohibited. WF555312 5/24

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