MINIMATURA 4A ROZSZERZENIE

1 Track 18 Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wypowiedź na temat mobilności zawodowej. Na podstawie informacji zawartych w
nagraniu uzupełnij luki 1–5 tak, aby jak najbardziej precyzyjnie oddać sens wysłuchanego tekstu. Luki należy
uzupełnić w języku angielskim.
Topic: EDUCATION AND JOB MOBILITY
Speaker’s Name: Elsbeth Dalziel; (1) #___________
Took her Bachelor’s degree in 1998
Studied English because she loved it, not (2) ___________ reasons
Did not pursue a Master’s degree because she wanted to start earning a living
Her first job was in an advertising company as an office assistant
Was eventually (3) ___________ in the company
Began volunteering at a charity for homeless young people
While working there, she realised that the (4) ___________
With a career change in mind, she took some online management courses
She offered to (5) ___________ and streamline their fundraising
She is now the manager of a non-profit organisation
___ / 5
2 Przeczytaj tekst, który został podzielony na cztery części (A–D), oraz pytania go dotyczące (1–5). Do każdego pytania
dopasuj właściwą część tekstu. Uwaga: w jednej części tekstu znajdują się odpowiedzi na dwa pytania.
In which paragraph does the author
1 mention the pluses and minuses of a current situation? ___
2 point out that the workplace was different for previous generations? ___
3 describe the impracticalities of gaining work experience while studying? ___
4 explain how students are getting the necessary experience and exposure to work? ___
5 point out an added challenge for more financially disadvantaged students? ___
A
Finding that first job after getting your degree is becoming more and more challenging. When your parents were starting out, they
could rely on the fact that companies were looking for educated young people with little or no work experience to do menial or
low-skill tasks. These so-called ‘entry-level’ jobs might involve answering the phone, making travel arrangements, and helping to
put together presentations. Young people were willing to take on these low-level jobs on the understanding that, with hard work,
they could be promoted to positions that made better use of their skills and education.
B
Nowadays, however, it is harder and harder to find job listings which do not demand two to three years of relevant work
experience, even for entry-level positions. This puts university graduates in a difficult position, since focusing on their education
has made it difficult to take on paid work. If they do work part-time, it is usually in service industry jobs such as waiting tables,
serving in shops, or doing manual labour, none of which are relevant to their future careers. This leaves a lot of young people
wondering how they can even get a foot in the door when they seemingly have no chance of gaining the necessary experience.
C
One answer seems to be internships. As one expert on labour issues has said, ‘Internships are now the entry level.’ University
students who land an internship related to their field of study have a definite advantage when it comes to finding their first real job.
Although internships are normally unpaid, which may be a challenge for less affluent students, they do offer the chance to gain the
‘relevant experience’ which is so desirable in today’s job market. They also give potential employers a chance to gauge young
people’s work ethic, flexibility and ability to learn, which means that the best interns may end up actually becoming
the future employees of those companies.
D A major flaw in the system, however, is that internships are now considered so essential that the competition for them is
extremely fierce. This means that being offered one is not easy, so young people have to prove they are worthy even to get a foot
in the door at this level. One advantage to this, though, is that potential interns are learning early on how to cope in an increasingly
competitive job market. In other words, simply by getting a good internship they are proving to themselves and to others that they
can survive the challenges that the working world throws at them.
3 Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions.
1 She felt a bit unwell but decided to go to work because she didn’t want to miss _____ on a special training course.
2 It’s a good idea to start paying _____ a pension scheme as soon as you get a permanent contract.
3 I had to leave work early, but I promised to make _____ the time the next day.
4 Mary has decided to go to graduate school, but now she has to figure _____ how to pay for it.
5 When he was dismissed from his job, he had to hand _____ all his ongoing research.

4 Complete the text with the correct words. The first letters have been given.
My uncle Joseph, who trained as an accountant, became a (1) c________ s________ at an early age, doing the accounts for the
city authorities. He joined the (2) u________ which represented people in his profession, and assumed he was set up for life.
Being a meticulous person, he got a degree of job (3) s________ out of keeping the accounts in order, but he knew it was a (4)
d________ e________ job with few prospects of advancement. By chance, he ran into an old friend from college who had set up
his own accounting firm and was becoming highly successful. That’s when my uncle decided to go (5) f________ on a part-time
basis and, once he had built up enough clients, to open his own company.

5 Match the parts of the sentences.

1 Because I am a sales representative, my employer covers …
2 Tim has followed an interesting career …
3 In my first job, I was assigned a mentor to help me learn …
4 At my workplace, we have …
5 As the owner of the company, Ms Dillon calls …

A the ropes before I took on any responsibilities of my own.

B an appraisal every six months, which often affects our chances of a pay rise.
C my travel expenses when I’m working.
D the shots when it comes to hiring and firing.
E path, starting as a social worker and later becoming the owner of a business.

6 Przetłumacz na język angielski fragmenty podane w nawiasach tak, aby otrzymać logiczne i gramatycznie poprawne
zdania. Wymagana jest pełna poprawność ortograficzna wpisywanych fragmentów zdań. Uwaga: w każdą lukę możesz
wpisać maksymalnie pięć wyrazów.
1 Because she’d used up all her holiday, Paula decided to _____________ (wziąć urlop bezpłatny) in order to visit her parents in
Norway.
2 I _____________ (mam rozmowę oceniającą) with my supervisor tomorrow, and I’m feeling really nervous about it!
3 If David makes another change, he _____________ (będzie miał) seven jobs in five years.
4 As a trainee plumber, Kate _____________ (odbędzie praktyki) before getting her qualification.
5 The factory is definitely _____________ (zamierza zmniejszyć produkcję) because of a lack of raw materials.

7 Uzupełnij zdania 1–5. Wykorzystaj w odpowiedniej formie wyrazy podane w nawiasach. Nie należy zmieniać
kolejności podanych wyrazów, trzeba natomiast – jeżeli jest to konieczne – dodać inne wyrazy, tak aby otrzymać
logiczne i gramatycznie poprawne zdania. Wymagana jest pełna poprawność ortograficzna wpisywanych fragmentów
zdań. Uwaga: w każdą lukę możesz wpisać maksymalnie cztery wyrazy, wliczając w to wyrazy już podane.
1 If she doesn’t get hired soon, Sara _____________ (look) for a job for six months.
2 I _____________ (definitely / accept) the position so long as they offer me decent benefits.
3 If John changes jobs again, he _____________ (work) at seven companies in ten years!
4 The CEO _____________ (announce) her retirement at the meeting tomorrow.
5 I _____________ (certainly / not move) to London for a higher salary because the cost of living in the capital is too high.

8 Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą, tak aby otrzymać logiczny i gramatycznie poprawny
tekst. Zakreśl jedną z liter: A, B, C albo D.
My sister loves English literature, so it’s no surprise that by the end of this year she (1) ___ nearly ten years working towards her
PhD in the subject. Now that she nearly has the (2) ___ she needs to become a university lecturer, she is having to face the fact
that it won’t be easy for her to find a position working in the UK. Competition for posts here is intense, so finding a job as a
lecturer is highly unlikely. Although she would prefer to stay in the UK, she says that she will consider teaching abroad if it means
having a (3) ___ position and a good salary. Our parents, who are both involved in business, were sceptical of her decision
to study literature from the outset. However, after witnessing her dedication and her ability to work (4) ___ pressure when it
comes to deadlines, they now support her decision to teach literature for a living, and they’ve offered to do everything they can to
help her climb the career ladder within the educational system. My sister herself is convinced that she (5) ___, and that hard work
and persistence will help her to accomplish her goal.

1
A will spend B will have spent C has spent D will be spending
2
A qualities B applications C motivations D qualifications
3
A monotonous B permanent C fixed D manual
4
A under B in C beneath D over
5
A will have succeeded B will be succeeding C succeeds D is going to succeed