Laboratory Exercise 5 - Meteorology - Weather and Climate

Exercise No.
5:
Meteorology: Weather
and Climate
Introduction
Meteorology is the science that deals with the atmosphere and related
phenomena. In this field of science, research areas include weather, weather
forecasting, and atmospheric composition. Weather, is the state of the
atmosphere at a particular time and place. The elements of weather include
temperature, humidity, cloudiness, precipitation, wind, and pressure. These
elements are organized into various weather systems, such as monsoons,
areas of high and low pressure, thunderstorms, and tornadoes. All weather
systems have well defined cycles and structural features, and are governed by
the laws of heat and motion. These conditions are studied in meteorology, the
science of weather and weather forecasting.
Weather differs from climate, which is the weather that a particular region
experiences over a long period of time. Climate includes the averages and
variations of all-weather elements. Meteorologists have developed several
sophisticated instruments that measure multiple physical characteristics of
the air simultaneously and at more than one location. The most important of
these are Doppler radar, and weather satellites.
Weather forecasts provide critical information regarding the weather. It is

important that weather forecasts be as accurate as possible because many
people depend upon them. The presence of clouds in the sky is one type of
signal to meteorologist that weather changes are imminent. Clouds form when
solar heating of the earth’s surface warms the air near the ground. This air
begins to rise and it expands and cools. Water vapor then condenses on small
dust particles suspended in the air and these combine to form clouds. Clouds
are also formed when large masses of air collide. In both cases, the type of
cloud created is determined by how fast the air rises.
Learning Outcome(s)
1. In this exercise, the students will be able to identify some instruments
used for recording weather and the different types of clouds as an
indicator of changing weather condition.
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No.
EaSc001: Earth Science
Materials
• Instruments for measuring weather (thermometer, barometer, sling
psychrometer, rain gauge, wind vane, etc.)
• Record notebook
Procedure
A. Weather Instruments
1. The students will be oriented with the different weather

instruments in a PAG-ASA station.
2. There will be a discussion on the different instruments found in
the station including its utility.
3. Record and draw all the weather instruments and their respective
functions found in the PAG-ASA station (photocopied reports will
not earn credits).
B. Clouds
1. The students will observe the atmospheric conditions in their

localities;
2. Observe and take note the different clouds formed and record the
different types in a record book;
3. Sketch the different types of clouds identified and characterized
them according to the description given to you by your instructor.
References
1. Duyanen, J.P. and M.O. Andaya. 2016. Earth and Life Sciences for Senior High School. C
& E Publishing, Inc.
2. McGuire, T. Reviewing Earth Science. AmscoScho. Publ., Inc. N.Y.
3. Tyler Miller, G. Jr., Spoolman, S., Owen, C., Pirie, D., Draper, G., Petersen, J. F., Gabler, R.E.,
Sack, D., Seeds, M., and D. Backman. 2016. Earth Science. K12 Phil. Ed. Rex
Bookstore. Mla., Phils.
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No.
Earth Science 001
Laboratory Exercise No. 5
Meteorology: Weather and Climate
Name and Signature:_______________________ Date Conducted:_________

Lab Instructor/Lecturer: _____________________ Date Submitted: _________
Laboratory Schedule: _______________________ Rating: ________________
DATA SHEET
DATA SHEET
A. Weather instruments and their respective functions found in the VSU

PAG-ASA station
Weather Instruments Functions

I. For rainfall measurements
1.
2.
3.
II. For wind measurements

4.
5.
6.
III. Others
7.
8.
9.
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No.
B. Clouds ( Sketch the type of clouds observed )
Guide Questions:
1. Differentiate weather from climate
2. What are the types of climate in the Philippines? Briefly describe

each.
3. Define the following terms:
a. Vapor pressure
b. Air pressure
c. Isobars
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Exercise No.

Weather forecasts provide critical information regarding the weather. It is

1. The students will be oriented with the different weather

1. The students will observe the atmospheric conditions in their

Meteorology: Weather and Climate

Name and Signature:_______________ Date Conducted:_

A. Weather instruments and their respective functions found in the VSU

Weather Instruments Functions

II. For wind measurements

1. Differentiate weather from climate

2. What are the types of climate in the Philippines? Briefly describe

3. Define the following terms:

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