1-15 September 2023

My Notes….
NATIONAL
NITI AAYOG, UNDP JOIN HANDS TO FAST-TRACK SDGS
➢ NITI Aayog and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) signed a memorandum
of understanding to formalise a cooperative framework to fast-track India's pursuit to achieve
its sustainable development goals (SDGs)
➢ NITI Aayog is the nodal body for the monitoring of SDGs in India and reviews the process
through a nationwide SDG index.
➢ The memorandum of understanding between the think tank and UNDP was signed for a period
of years.
REVAMPED ‘ADOPT A HERITAGE 2.0’ PROGRAMME
➢ The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) launched a revamped version of the ‘Adopt a
Heritage’ programme apart from an Indian Heritage app and an e-permission portal.
➢ Initially launched in 2017 under the Ministry of Tourism, in collaboration with the ASI which
invited corporate stakeholders to adopt from over 3,000 protected monuments spread across
the country, ‘Adopt a Heritage 2.0’, is the upgraded version of ‘Adopt a Heritage’ programme.
GOVT FORMS COMMITTEE ON SIMULTANEOUS ELECTIONS
➢ The government has constituted a committee headed by former president of India Ram Nath
Kovind to explore the possibility of “one nation, one election”.
INDORE RANKS FIRST IN CLEAN AIR SURVEY 2023
➢ Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change Bhupender Yadav awarded first
rank to the Information Technology hub of Madhya Pradesh, Indore, in the Swachh Vayu
Sarvekshan-2023 (or Clean Air Survey), conducted by the Central Pollution Control Board.
➢ The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) has been
implementing the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) as a national-level strategy,
outlining the actions for reducing the levels of air pollution at city and regional scales in India
since 2019.
CABINET APPROVES ECOURTS PROJECT PHASE-III
➢ The Union Cabinet approved the third phase of eCourts Project as a central sector scheme
to be implemented over four years.
➢ As part of the National eGovernance Plan, the eCourts Project is under implementation
since 2007 for ICT enablement of the Indian Judiciary. The Phase II of the project has
concluded in 2023.
➢ Phase III of the e-Courts Project, beginning 2023, in India is rooted in the philosophy of
"access and inclusion".

INTERNATIONAL
INDIA, ASEAN AGREE TO DEEPEN STRATEGIC TIES
➢ India and 10-nation ASEAN agreed to deepen their comprehensive strategic partnership
with concrete actions through practical implementation of the 'Plan of Action' to implement
the ASEAN-India partnership for peace, progress and shared prosperity.
➢ ASEAN was formed on 8 August 1967; five leaders – the Foreign Ministers of Indonesia,
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Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand – came together in Bangkok.

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INDIA-MIDDLE EAST-EUROPE MEGA ECONOMIC CORRIDOR

➢ Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the launch of the India-Middle East-Europe mega
economic corridor.

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1-15 September 2023
➢ The project includes India, the UAE, Saudi Arabia, the European Union, France, Italy,
Germany and the US.
➢ The rail and shipping corridor is part of the Partnership for Global Infrastructure
Investment (PGII) — a collaborative effort by G7 nations to fund infrastructure projects in
developing nations.
➢ PGII is considered to be the bloc’s counter to China’s Belt and Road Initiative.
A NEW MEMBER IN G20
➢ The African Union (AU) was admitted as a new member of the G20. The development took
place at the ongoing 18th G20 Heads of State and Government Summit in New Delhi.
➢ The AU is an intergovernmental organisation of the 55 member states located on the
continent of Africa.
GLOBAL BIOFUEL ALLIANCE LAUNCHED
➢ India announced the launch of the Global Biofuel Alliance and urged G20 nations to join the
initiative with a plea to take ethanol blending with petrol globally to 20 per cent.
➢ The Global Biofuels Alliance is aimed at facilitating cooperation and intensifying the use of
sustainable biofuels across sectors, including transportation.
G20 DECLARATION ON HEALTH
➢ All three health priorities of India’s G20 presidency found a mention in the G20 New Delhi
Leaders’ Declaration released.
➢ The declaration spoke of strengthening primary healthcare, health workforce, and essential
health services to better-than-pre-pandemic levels, ideally within the next two to three years.

ECONOMY
UPI QR CODE-CBDC INTEROPERABILITY
➢ With banks enabling the interoperability of Unified Payments Interface’s (UPI) Quick
Response (QR) code with their central bank digital currency (CBDC) or e₹ application, users
of retail digital rupee will be able to make transactions by scanning any UPI QR at a merchant
outlet.
➢ Interoperability is the technical compatibility that enables a payment system to be used
in conjunction with other payment systems, according to the RBI.
INDIA CAN NOW ISSUE OIML CERTIFICATES
➢ India has become the 13th internationally accepted authority for issuing International
Organisation of Legal Metrology (OIML) certificates.
➢ The OIML established in 1955 and headquartered in Paris, the OIML is an international
standard-setting body.
➢ It develops model regulations, standards and related documents for use by legal metrology
authorities and industry.
SELF REGULATORY ORGANISATION FOR FINTECHS
➢ Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Governor Shaktikanta Das has asked fintech entities to form a
Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO).
➢ An SRO is a non-governmental organisation that sets and enforces rules and standards
relating to the conduct of entities in the industry (members) with the aim of protecting the
customer and promoting ethics, equality, and professionalism. SROs typically collaborate
with all stakeholders in framing rules and regulations.
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RBI TO DISCONTINUE I-CRR

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➢ The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced that it would discontinue the incremental cash
reserve ratio (I-CRR) in a phased manner.
➢ I-CRR was introduced on 10 August 2023, by the RBI to absorb the surplus liquidity
generated by various factors, including the return of Rs 2,000 notes to the banking system.
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1-15 September 2023

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

INDIA’S FIRST SUN OBSERVATORY LAUNCHED
➢ The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched Aditya L-1, its first space-based
mission to study the Sun, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota.
➢ The mission’s main objective is to expand our knowledge of the Sun, and how its radiation,
heat, flow of particles, and magnetic fields affect us.
CHANDRAYAAN-3 CONFIRMS SULPHUR IN LUNAR SURFACE
➢ The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) said the Pragyan rover's Laser-Induced
Breakdown Spectroscope confirmed the presence of sulphur in the lunar surface near the
south pole, through the first-ever in-situ measurements.
➢ Pragyan is a lunar rover that forms part of Chandrayaan-3, the lunar mission developed by
ISRO.
➢ The Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) instrument onboard Chandrayaan-3
Rover has made the first-ever in-situ measurements on the elemental composition of the
lunar surface near the South Pole.
LARGEST INDIGENOUSLY DEVELOPED N-PLANT STARTS OPS
➢ The third unit of the indigenously developed 700-megawatt electric (MWe) nuclear power
reactor at the Kakrapar Atomic Power Project (KAPP3) in Gujarat has commenced operations
at full capacity.
➢ This comes a little over three years since the unit achieved its ‘first criticality’ – a technical
term that signifies the initiation of a controlled, but sustained nuclear fission reaction – in
July 2020.
NAVY'S STEALTH FRIGATE MAHENDRAGIRI LAUNCHED
➢ The seventh stealth frigate, under the Indian Navy's Project 17 A, Mahendragiri, was
launched.
➢ Built at Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd (MDL), the vessel was developed as part of the push
towards the Aatmnirbhar Bharat idea.
➢ Mahendragiri, named after a mountain peak in Eastern Ghats located in the state of Odisha,
is the seventh ship of the Project 17A Frigates.
GENOME SECRETS OF INDIAN OIL SARDINE
➢ In a major breakthrough in marine fisheries research, a team of scientists at the ICAR-Central
Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) has decoded the whole genome of the Indian
oil sardine, a popular food fish.
➢ This is the first time that the genome of a marine fish species from the Indian subcontinent
has been decoded.
➢ Sardines are an ecologically important part of the marine ecosystem, as they form an
intermediate link in the food web and serve as prey for larger predators.
COURT ALLOWS STEM CELL THERAPY FOR AUTISTIC KIDS
➢ The Delhi High Court permitted two children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to undergo
stem cell therapy for treatment of their condition.
➢ Stem cells are cells from which all other cells, with their respective specialised functions,
are generated.
SCIENTISTS GREW WHOLE MODEL OF HUMAN EMBRYO
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➢ Scientists have successfully grown a “human embryo” in the lab without using an egg or
sperm.
➢ They used a mix of stem cells — early cells that have the ability to differentiate into other types
of cells — that was able to spontaneously assemble into an embryo-like structure, mimicking
molecular characteristics of an early embryo.

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1-15 September 2023

JAXA SUCCESSFUL LAUNCH LANDER SLIM ON MOON

➢ Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) congratulated Japan Aerospace Exploration
Agency (JAXA) for the successful launch of the Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM).
➢ This mission was conducted in collaboration with NASA, and it will involve studying light at
various wavelengths, temperature assessments, and analysing the shapes and brightness
of celestial objects.

MISCELLANEOUS
HINDI DIWAS 2023
➢ Hindi Diwas Celebrated on 14 September every year, Hindi Diwas aims to raise awareness
about the language and also commemorate the event when it was adopted as one of the
official languages of India.
➢ On 14 September 1949 the Constituent Assembly of India adopted Hindi as the official
language of the newly independent nation.
‘NATIONAL DISASTER’ TAG AFTER HEAVY RAINS
➢ Himachal Pradesh has requested Prime Minister Narendra Modi to declare the destruction
caused by heavy rains in the state a national disaster.
➢ There is no official or defined category of “national disasters”. Disasters of this nature come
under the 2005 Disaster Management Act, which defines a “disaster” as “a catastrophe,
mishap, calamity or grave occurrence in any area, arising from natural or manmade causes.
SHANTI SWARUP BHATNAGAR PRIZE
➢ An Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) professor Rajnish Kumar has
received the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize.
➢ The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology (SSB) is a science award in
India presented annually by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for
notable and outstanding research, applied or fundamental, in biology, chemistry,
environmental science, engineering, mathematics, medicine and physics.
➢ Started in the year 1985, the award is named after the founder director of CSIR Dr Shanti
Swarup Bhatnagar.
WORLD'S MOST ADVANCED ARABIC LARGE LANGUAGE MODEL
➢ A unit of Abu Dhabi AI company G42, has released 'Jais', the world's most advanced Arabic
large language model. Jais is a bilingual Arabic-English model that has been trained on a
massive dataset of text and code.
➢ It can be used for a variety of tasks, such as machine translation, text summarization, and
question answering.
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR ROBOTICS
➢ The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) has invited public
comments as well as inputs from stakeholders on the draft "National Strategy for Robotics"
(NSR).
➢ The strategy is aimed at "strengthening all pillars in the innovation cycle of robotic
technology, while also providing a robust institutional framework for ensuring the effective
implementation of these interventions.
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16-30 September 2023

My Notes….
NATIONAL
SC ONBOARDED DATA ON NATIONAL JUDICIAL DATA GRID
➢ The Supreme Court onboarded its case data on the National Judicial Data Grid.
➢ The NJDG portal is a national repository of data relating to cases instituted, pending and
disposed of by the courts across the country.
➢ The NJDG was built as part of Phase II of the e-Courts project, which is a Centrally
Sponsored Scheme.

PM VISHWAKARMA SCHEME LAUNCHED

➢ On 17 September 2023, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the PM Vishwakarma scheme
in New Delhi on the occasion of Vishwakarma Jayanti, for giving government support to
workers engaged in traditional crafts and skills.
➢ The scheme is also being seen as a means for the government to reach out to the economically
marginalised and socially backward communities – particularly the Other Backward Classes
(OBC) groups.

SANTINIKETAN INSCRIBED ON UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE LIST

➢ Santiniketan, the famed place in West Bengal where poet Rabindranath Tagore built Visva-
Bharati over a century ago, has been inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
➢ The decision to include Santiniketan in the list was taken during the 45th session of the
World Heritage Committee currently underway in Saudi Arabia.

NARI SHAKTI VANDAN ADHINIYAM

➢ The Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam — The Constitution (One Hundred and Twenty-Eight
Amendment) Bill, 2023, which provides for 33% reservation for women in Lok Sabha and
state Assemblies — was passed by Parliament.
➢ The provisions of the new law shall come into effect “after an exercise of delimitation”
undertaken “after the relevant figures for the first Census” carried out “after the
commencement” of this law is “published”.

HOYSALA TEMPLES ON UNESCO HERITAGE LIST

➢ Three Hoysala-era temples in Karnataka made it to UNESCO’s World Heritage List, under
the collective entry of ‘Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysalas’.
➢ Hoysala temples are known for the rare beauty and finesse of their wall sculptures, and
have been described as “art which applies to stone the technique of the ivory worker or the
goldsmith”.
➢ The three temples include the Chennakeshava temple in Belur, the Hoysaleswara Temple
in Halebidu, and the Keshava Temple in Somanathapura.

INTERNATIONAL
SEPARATISTS IN NAGORNO-KARABAKH SURRENDER
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➢ Armenian separatist forces in the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region of the South Caucasus
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surrendered and agreed to a ceasefire.

➢ For approximately four decades, territorial disputes and ethnic conflict between Armenia
and Azerbaijan have severely impacted the Nagorno-Karabakh region.
➢ The two countries went to war over Nagorno-Karabakh in 2020, and months after the war,
Russia brokered a truce.
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16-30 September 2023

I2U2 ANNOUNCES JOINT SPACE VENTURE

➢ India, Israel, the United Arab Emirates, and the United States, or I2U2 have announced a
new joint space venture on the margins of the United Nations General Assembly in New
York to take forward their partnership.
➢ Primarily using space-based observation data and capabilities of the four I2U2 partner
countries.

THE FIVE EYES ALLIANCE FOR INTELLIGENCE-SHARING

➢ The ‘Five Eyes’ intelligence-sharing alliance include Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the
United Kingdom and the United States.
➢ These partner countries share a broad range of intelligence with one another in one of the
world’s most unified multilateral arrangements.

AMAZON COUNTRIES FAIL TO AGREE ON PROTECTION GOALS

➢ Leaders from the eight countries across the Amazon, including Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia,
Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela, failed to agree on the goal to protect the
rainforest at the ongoing Amazon Summit organised by the Amazon Cooperation Treaty
Organization (ACTO).
➢ ACTO is an international organisation “aimed at the promotion of sustainable development
of the Amazon Basin”.

CHINA-PHILIPPINES TUSSLE OVER SOUTH CHINA SEA

➢ The Philippine coast guard said it had removed a floating barrier placed by China’s coast
guard to prevent Filipino fishing boats from entering a disputed area in the South China Sea.
➢ The South China Sea is situated just south of the Chinese mainland and is bordered by the
countries of Brunei, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam.
➢ The countries have bickered over territorial control in the sea for centuries, but in recent
years tensions have soared to new heights.

ECONOMY
INDIA SLIPS IN ECONOMIC FREEDOM INDEX
➢ India has fallen one notch to the 87th position out of 165 countries on the economic
freedom index. The country was at the 86th spot in previous year's rankings.
➢ The 'Economic Freedom of the World: 2021 Annual Report' by Canada's Fraser Institute
has been released in India in conjunction with New Delhi-based think tank Centre For Civil
Society.
➢ India has been ranked higher than China, which stands at the 111th position. Venezuela
once again ranks last.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

UNIQUE WAY TO DETECT AND KILL CANCER CELLS
➢ Scientists at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) have made a significant breakthrough in
cancer research by developing a new method to detect and kill cancer cells.
2
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➢ The team has created hybrid nanoparticles, composed of gold and copper sulphide, which
can destroy cancer cells through heat generation and enable their detection using sound
waves.
➢ The hybrid nanoparticles exhibit photothermal, oxidative stress, and photoacoustic
properties.

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16-30 September 2023

PLANETARY BOUNDARIES FRAMEWORK

➢ Six out of nine planetary boundaries, which can be imagined as blood pressure, that make
Earth healthy and habitable have been transgressed because of human-induced pollution
and destruction of the natural world.
➢ The study, ‘Earth beyond six of nine planetary boundaries’, has been carried out by a team
of 29 scientists from eight different countries and published in the journal Science Advances.
➢ The planetary boundaries framework applies the newest scientific understanding of the
functioning of the Earth system to identify a 'safe operating space' for humanity.

NASA'S FIRST ASTEROID SAMPLES LAND ON EARTH

➢ NASA's first asteroid samples fetched from deep space parachuted into the Utah desert to
cap a seven-year journey.
➢ In a flyby of Earth, the Osiris-Rex spacecraft released the sample capsule from 63,000 miles
(100,000 kilometers) out.
➢ Osiris-Rex, the mothership, rocketed away on the $1 billion mission in 2016. It reached
Bennu two years later and, using a long stick vacuum, grabbed rubble from the small
roundish space rock in 2020.
➢ Japan, the only other country to bring back asteroid samples, gathered about a teaspoon
in a pair of asteroid missions.

IIT GUWAHATI DEVELOPS FABRIC TO TACKLE OIL SPILLS

➢ Researchers at IIT-Guwahati on 26 September 2023 said they have developed a fabric that can
separate oil from water, which will help in tackling marine pollution caused by oil spills.
➢ The silica nanoparticles-coated cotton fabric has been developed using rice husk, an
agricultural waste, as the primary source material.
➢ The aim is to convert an agricultural waste into a sustainable value-added product to
mitigate marine oil pollution.

CALIPSO MISSION STOPS BLASTING LASERS ON EARTH

➢ The CALIPSO mission that analysed climate, weather, and air quality ended, National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced.
➢ The CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation) mission
recorded more than 10 billion LIDAR measurements and helped create thousands of
scientific reports over its 17 years of operation.

INDIA RETAINS ITS 40TH POSITION IN GII 2023

➢ India retained its 40th position on the annual Global Innovation Index (GII) 2023 with a
score of 38.1, due to its vibrant start-up ecosystem, knowledge capital and the work done
by public and private research organisations.
➢ The index by the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) was released on 28
September 2023 and ranked 132 economies on the Innovation Index.

MISCELLANEOUS
FOURTH STATE TO INTRODUCE E-CABINET SYSTEM
➢ Tripura launched an e-cabinet system at Agartala to promote digital infrastructure
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development and digitisation of government services and information.

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➢ Tripura has thus become the fourth state—and second in the Northeast—after
Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh, to have introduced an e-cabinet
system.

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16-30 September 2023

HOUSE PANEL REPORT ON ASI PROTECTED MONUMENTS

➢ Claiming that many of the 3,691 centrally protected monuments (CMP) in India are “minor”
monuments, a parliamentary committee has recommended that the list should be
“rationalised and categorised” on the basis of their national significance, unique
architectural and heritage value.
➢ The recommendations are part of the ‘359th Report on the Functioning of Archaeological
Survey of India’ by the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Transport, Tourism and
Culture, which was presented to Parliament recently.

COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT SUIT TO HOB

➢ The Delhi High Court has issued summons to an Instagram account called People of India
(POI), in a copyright infringement suit filed by the storytelling platform Humans of Bombay
(HOB).
➢ “Copyright” refers to the right given by the law to creators of literary, dramatic, musical,
and artistic works and producers of cinematograph films and sound recordings.
➢ The Copyright Act, 1957 aims to safeguard creative works, which are considered to be the
creator’s intellectual property.

INDIA AGEING REPORT 2023

➢ United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) India, in collaboration with the International
Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), has unveiled the much-anticipated "India Ageing
Report 2023."
➢ This comprehensive report delves into the challenges, opportunities, and institutional
responses surrounding elderly care in India as the nation undergoes a significant
demographic shift towards an ageing population.

GENDER INEQUALITY IN CANCER CARE

➢ Around 63% of premature deaths due to cancers in Indian women could have been
prevented by reducing risk factors, screening, and diagnosis, while 37% could have been
averted with timely and optimal treatment, a new Lancet Commission report on gender
inequity in cancer care said.
➢ Titled ‘Women, Power and Cancer’, the report said around 6.9 million cancer deaths among
women in India were preventable and 4.03 million were treatable.

IATA ASSIGNED ‘DXN’ TO JEWAR AIRPORT

➢ The upcoming Noida International Airport (NIA) in Jewar was awarded its own unique
international three-letter code, ‘DXN’, by the International Air Transport Association (IATA).
➢ The D in DXN signifies Delhi, which is the national capital, and N stands for Noida, which
shows our presence in the Western UP area. X, signifies connectivity within India and the
world.
➢ Airport codes are unique identifiers assigned to each airport. While most people are familiar
only with the codes assigned by IATA, a Montreal-based international aviation trade
association.

OZONE DAY 2023

➢ 16 September this year is celebrated as Ozone Day under the theme “Montreal Protocol:
Fixing the ozone layer and reducing climate change.”
➢ Ozone is a molecule that is made up of three oxygen atoms. A layer of this gas sits in our
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planet’s stratosphere between 15 and 30 kilometres above the surface.

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➢ The Montreal Protocol brought together world governments in a rampantly successful effort to
protect the ozone layer by phasing out many ozone-depleting substances.

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