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    Composites

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    Ha Shim
    This document discusses different types of composites, including fiber-reinforced composites. Fiber-reinforced composites consist of fibers, a polymer matrix, and bonding materials combined to create a strong, lightweight material. Common fiber types include carbon, glass, aramid, and boron fibers, which provide strength, while the polymer matrix binds them together. Composites offer benefits like high strength-to-weight ratio, flexibility in design, durability, and corrosion resistance. They are used in aircraft, vehicles, sports equipment, and other applications that require strong, lightweight materials. However, composites are also heterogeneous, anisotropic, and difficult to inspect compared to traditional materials.

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    Composites

    Uploaded by

    Ha Shim
    52 views10 pages
    This document discusses different types of composites, including fiber-reinforced composites. Fiber-reinforced composites consist of fibers, a polymer matrix, and bonding materials combined to create a strong, lightweight material. Common fiber types include carbon, glass, aramid, and boron fibers, which provide strength, while the polymer matrix binds them together. Composites offer benefits like high strength-to-weight ratio, flexibility in design, durability, and corrosion resistance. They are used in aircraft, vehicles, sports equipment, and other applications that require strong, lightweight materials. However, composites are also heterogeneous, anisotropic, and difficult to inspect compared to traditional materials.

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    This document discusses different types of composites, including fiber-reinforced composites. Fiber-reinforced composites consist of fibers, a polymer matrix, and bonding materials combined to create a strong, lightweight material. Common fiber types include carbon, glass, aramid, and boron fibers, which provide strength, while the polymer matrix binds them together. Composites offer benefits like high strength-to-weight ratio, flexibility in design, durability, and corrosion resistance. They are used in aircraft, vehicles, sports equipment, and other applications that require strong, lightweight materials. However, composites are also heterogeneous, anisotropic, and difficult to inspect compared to traditional materials.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    52 views10 pages

    Composites

    Uploaded by

    Ha Shim
    This document discusses different types of composites, including fiber-reinforced composites. Fiber-reinforced composites consist of fibers, a polymer matrix, and bonding materials combined to create a strong, lightweight material. Common fiber types include carbon, glass, aramid, and boron fibers, which provide strength, while the polymer matrix binds them together. Composites offer benefits like high strength-to-weight ratio, flexibility in design, durability, and corrosion resistance. They are used in aircraft, vehicles, sports equipment, and other applications that require strong, lightweight materials. However, composites are also heterogeneous, anisotropic, and difficult to inspect compared to traditional materials.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    COMPOSITES

    What Is a Composite? Types of composites Fiber-reinforced composites (FRP) Properties of FRP Composites Types of FRP Benefits of Composites Applications of Composites Draw Backs of Composites

    What Is a Composite?
    A "composite" is when two or more different materials are combined together to create a superior and unique material. it mainly consist of two constituents:

    Matrix Phase
    continuous and surrounds the other phase

    Eg : metals, Ceramics,Polymers etc. Using these Matrices are known as Metal Matrix Composites (MMC) Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC)

    Polymer Matrix Composites (PMC)

    Reinforcing Phase / Dispersed Phase


    discontinuous phase REINFORCING PHASE / DISPERSED PHASE IS EMBEDDED IN THE MATRIX PHASE

    Examples of Composites
    Natural Wood(combination of cellulose fiber and lignin) Flexible Cellulose Fibers Held Together With Stiff Lignin Artificial (man-made) Numerous Examples

    Types of composites

    COMPOSITES

    PARTICLE-REINFORCED

    FIBER REINFORCED

    STRUCTURALCOMPOSITES

    FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES
    It has 3 constituents that are combined namely Filament/ Fibre Material Resin/Polymer Matrix

    Bonding / Reinforcing Materials

    They are produced by suitably bonding a fibre/filament material with resin/polymer matrix and treating them under pressure and heat. o o o Filament/ Fibre Material may be glass fibres & metallic fibres Resin/Polymer Matrix used are poly esters, epoxy resins, phenolic resins , phenolic , silicone & polyamide polymer resins. Bonding / Reinforcing Materials are glass ,graphite ,alumina ,carbon ,boron etc.

    Properties of FRP Composites Impact resistance Strength Stiffness Flexibility Ability to carry loads Types of FRP Composites
    Based On Reinforcing Materials,They Are Classified Into

    Carbon (Graphite) FRP Glass FRP Aramid FRP Boron FRP Alumina FRP Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) FRP

    (Available in Japan)

    CARBON (GRAPHITE) FRP (CFRP)


    They are more expensive than glass fibers, but lower density and higher stiffness with high strength. The composite is called carbon-fiber reinforced plastic (cfrp).

    They have properties like

    Lighter density Excellent Corrosion Resistance Retention of desired properties even at higher temperatures

    Applications:
    Aircrafts & Helicopter Components Recreational Sports Equipments Antenna Disc, Solar Panels

    GLASS FRP (GFRP)


    Glass most common and the least expensive, high strength, low stiffness and high density. Gfrp consists 30-60% glass fibers by volume.

    They have properties like


    Lower density,Dielectric Constants Higher tensile strength & impact resistance

    Applications:
    Automotive Parts Storage Tanks Transportation Plastic pipes

    ARAMID FRP (KEVLAR)


    Highest Specific Strength, Toughest Fiber, Undergoes Plastic Deformation Before Fracture, But Absorbs Moisture, And Is Expensive

    They have properties like


    High Molecules & Tensile Strength Low Axial Compressive Strength Sustainable to Degradation by acid & bases

    Applications:
    Making Automobile Brakes & Clutches Used in Commercial aircrafts, helicopter parts

    BORON FRP
    Boron fibers consist of boron deposited on tungsten fibers, high strength and stiffness in tension and compression, resistance to high temperature, but they are heavy and expensive. They have compressive strength & stiffness

    Manufacturing it is a Difficult Applications:


    Horizontal & Vertical tails in Aero planes Stiffening spares, ribs etc

    ALUMINA FRP
    They have properties like
    Good Abrasion Resistance & Creep Resistance Dimensional Stability

    Applications:
    Components of engine parts in Automobiles &Turbine engines

    Benefits of Composites

    The distinct advantage of composite is its lightweight. Besides weight savings, the most important benefits include: Higher Specific Strength (strength-to-weight ratio) Design flexibility Low Relative Investment Long Durability High Strength Corrosion and Chemical Resistance Elastic Non-Conductive Low maintenance Long life

    Applications of Composites

    Aircraft

    20% MORE FUEL EFFICIENCY AND 35,000 LBS. LIGHTER

    Automotive engine components

    Bicycles

    Lance Armstrongs 2-lb. Trek bike, 2004 Tour de France

    Ground Transport

    Pedestrian bridge in Denmark, 130 feet long (1997)

    Ships

    Draw Backs of Composites:


    heterogeneous
    Properties In Composites Vary From Point To Point In The Material

    highly anisotropic
    properties which we measure changes. As a result stiffness, thermal expansion, thermal and electrical conductivity and creep resistance are also anisotropic

    difficult to inspect with conventional ultrasonic, eddy current and visual NDI

    methods such as radiography.

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