Igcse 91 Astro QP
Igcse 91 Astro QP
Igcse 91 Astro QP
com
Questions
Q1.
(1)
A electrostatic
B gravitational
C magnetic
D nuclear
(1)
A galaxy
B planet
C star
D universe
(1)
A absolute magnitude
B colour
C diameter
D temperature
Q2.
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(a) Which of these objects orbits a planet?
(1)
A comet
B dwarf star
C galaxy
D moon
(1)
A Crab Nebula
B Milky Way
C Solar System
D Universe
(1)
A artificial satellite
B comet
C Earth
D Sun
(1)
A blue star
B orange star
C red star
D yellow star
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Q3.
The International Space Station (ISS) is a satellite that orbits the Earth at a height of 409 km
above the surface of the Earth.
The ISS has an orbital speed of 7.66 km/s and a period of 92.7 minutes.
(4)
(ii) Calculate the radius of the Earth using your value for the orbital radius.
(1)
Q4.
A toy produces continuous waves when floating on the surface of a pool of water.
Diagram 1 shows the wavefronts produced when the toy is not moving, as viewed from above.
Diagram 2 shows the wavefronts produced when the toy is moving across the surface of the pool
of water.
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(a) Draw an arrow on diagram 2 to show the direction the toy is moving.
(1)
(b) Explain how the frequency of the waves at point A is different to the frequency of the waves
at point B.
(4)
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Q5.
In the Sun, hydrogen nuclei are changed into helium nuclei, releasing energy.
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(a) Name the process that changes hydrogen into helium.
(1)
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(b) Describe the evolution of the Sun when it leaves the main sequence.
(2)
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(1)
(ii) When most of the hydrogen nuclei in the Sun's core have been changed into
Estimate the time until the Sun leaves the main sequence.
(2)
Q6.
(a) Give two pieces of evidence for the Big Bang theory.
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(2)
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(b) Explain how this evidence supports the Big Bang theory.
(4)
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Q7.
The planets Mars and Saturn orbit around the same star, the Sun.
(a) The diagram shows the orbital paths of Mars and Saturn.
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(2)
(b) The table gives some information about the orbits of Mars and Saturn.
Mars completes a number of orbits in the time it takes for Saturn to complete one orbit.
Calculate the number of orbits that Mars completes in the time it takes for Saturn to complete
one orbit.
(5)
Q8.
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Main sequence stars can vary in brightness, colour and mass.
Describe the evolution of both low mass stars and high mass stars after they join the main
sequence.
(6)
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Q9.
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This question is about stars.
(2)
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(b) The evolution of stars can be shown on a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HR diagram).
(5)
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Q10.
(a) Schiaparelli slowed down as it fell vertically through the atmosphere of Mars.
(i) Draw labelled arrows on the diagram to show the forces acting on Schiaparelli as it fell.
(3)
Explain how the spacecraft reached a low terminal velocity after opening its parachute.
(4)
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(b) The parachute was disconnected when Schiaparelli was at a height of 2.0 m from the surface
of Mars and travelling at a speed of 0.45 m/s.
Calculate the speed of the spacecraft just before it hits the surface of Mars.
[acceleration of free-fall on Mars = 3.4 m/s2]
(4)
(c) Suggest why Mars has a lower gravitational field strength than Earth.
(1)
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Q11.
(a) (i) A student investigates how current varies with voltage for a metal filament lamp.
Draw a diagram of the circuit that a student could use for this investigation.
(4)
(ii) Describe a method the student could use for their investigation.
(4)
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(b) The student extends the investigation by recording additional data for the lamp.
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(1)
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(ii) Calculate the missing value of energy for the voltage of 4.0 V.
(2)
energy = ........................................................... J
Use the student's results to identify a colour for a star that is cooler than the Sun.
(1)
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Q12.
(1)
A a black dwarf
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B a nebula
C a planet
D a white dwarf
(1)
B galaxies rotate
C it takes millions of light years for light to reach us from some stars
D some stars in the Milky Way are accelerating towards our Sun
(iii) Which of these provides evidence for the Big Bang theory?
(1)
B nebulae
C neutron stars
D ultrasound radiation
(1)
(b) The spectra of stars and galaxies show lines at specific wavelengths that correspond to the
spectra of hydrogen, helium and carbon.
Give reasons why lines corresponding to these elements are found in spectra from typical
galaxies.
(2)
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(c) The spectrum of light from an astronomical object called a quasar can be compared to the
spectrum of hydrogen on Earth.
(i) Calculate the change in wavelength, Δλ, for the line at the red end of the spectrum.
(2)
Δλ = ........................................................... nm
(ii) Calculate a value for the recessional velocity of the quasar using your value for Δλ.
(3)
She notices that the spectra for hydrogen from the right side and left side of the galaxy are
different.
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Explain what information the two spectra give about the movement of the galaxy.
(3)
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