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    1.5.2 Utility Software - Answers - BrainQuest

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    1.5.2 Utility Software - Answers - BrainQuest

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    1.5.2 Utility Software - Answers - BrainQuest

    Uploaded by

    emona.mocku

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    CSUK:BrainQuest Utility Software - Answers

    Task 1: What is Utility Software and how does it differ from application software?

    Utility software focuses on the system and is designed to carry out tasks which aim to improve the
    performance of a system.

    Application software focuses on the user and is designed to offer the user tools to be more
    productive with their work or assist them with their personal tasks. Task 4: Explain the need for encryption software and explain how it works.
    Task 2: Complete the following table to state and describe a variety of utilities.
    Encryption is where data is scrambled before being sent across a network so that it is unreadable if intercepted.
    Encryption software facilitates this process. To encrypt data, an encryption key is used which will convert ‘plain
    Utility Description
    text’ into ‘cipher text’. An encryption key is an algorithm which will systematically alter each piece of data in a
    file. For example, a key may convert each letter in a text file to the next letter in the alphabet e.g.: ‘hello’
    becomes ‘ifmmp’. For the ‘cipher text’ to be converted back to ‘plain text’, the same key is required by the
    Software which relocates related data on the hard disk so that recipient to reverse the encryption.
    Defragmentation they are physically next to each other.
    Task 5: Explain the need for backup software and explain the difference between
    full and incremental backup.

    Software which scrambles data before it is sent across a network A back up is where a copy of some data is made and stored elsewhere. It is vital the data is backed up so that in
    Encryption or stored on a system. the event of data loss (through malware, attacks, natural disasters, accidents etc.) the data can be recovered.

    With a full backup, the software makes a copy of all the files on a system. Doing this each day will take a long
    time but recovering the data is quick as all the data is stored together, ready to be re-loaded onto the system.

    With an incremental backup, the software only backs up the files that have changed since the last backup. It is
    Software which takes a copy of system data and stores it in a much quicker to run the backup, as the system will only back up files that have been changed in the short term.
    Backup separate location. However, it can take a long time to restore all the incremental backups as well as the last full backup.

    Task 6: What is the FAT table and why is it needed?


    Formatting Software which prepares the storage device for data storage.
    When data is stored on a hard drive, files are split up into tiny 512 bytes sized blocks and these blocks do not
    have to be stored together in memory. The File Allocation Table (FAT) is used to keep track of where the
    various files’ data is located.

    Compression Software which reduces the size of a file.

    Task 3: Explain the need for defragmentation software and explain how it works.

    When a hard disk is formatted, sectors are created to store data and as these sectors are only 512 bytes in size,
    files have to be split up into 512 bytes sized ‘building blocks’. Over time, these ‘building blocks’ get fragmented
    CSUK:Teacher Computer Science UK Membership Site Licence: Do not share outside your centre.
    over the hard disk. This means that reading a file takes longer as the hard drive needs to be searched in multiple
    places instead of one area. To help improve read speeds, defragmentation software searches the disk for related

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