Title: Mastering the Art of Crafting a Literature Review on Girl Trafficking

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These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Lizi had been doing every kind
of drug imaginable when she decided her life would be better if she ran away. Victims of human
trafficking are also a hard-to-find, hard-to-reach population. Long Essay on Child Trafficking 500
Words in English Long Essay on Child Trafficking is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.
Through adequate education, training (including cultural sensitivity training), support (including
emotional and psychological support), and caseload management, many agencies have experienced
success in retaining case managers (Caliber Associates, 2007). Research has provided strong support
for several trauma-specific interventions (such as cognitive behavioral therapies, eye movement
desensitization and reprocessing, and trauma-focused educational groups). There are different forms
of child prostitution; from pornographic sites and matchmaking sites, child pornography, exploitation
through saunas, tea houses and entertainment bars. Japan is known to promote more the idea of
growing population in solution to its current trend of decreasing population within years. The author
simply has denied justice to this topic. I want to first thank the author(s) for this inspirational, heat
breaking fact based journey of a child trafficked in Nepal and India. It has been further clarified that
victims do not need to be transported across international or other boundaries in order for trafficking
to exist. This would identify specific actions and efforts of the government in both countries to solve
child prostitution issues in their respective places that would somehow extend some concern towards
the identification of important factors that is needed to be considered in solving this particular
dilemma not only in the studied places but also to other countries as well. Retrieved March 2, 2009,
from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families.
Human trafficking can be used as a yardstick for many different political agendas: consider which
agendas you might be contributing to. Parents are usually one of the main causes of trafficking as
their poor means force them to send their children in hopes of a better life. The case manager
coordinates and monitors the clinical services the survivor receives to ensure the individuals unique
health care needs are met. For example, one study found that 77 percent of the boys exploited
through prostitution were regular users of marijuana (Harlan et al., 1981). Another study found that
42 percent of the prostituted boys could be classified as heavy drinkers or alcoholics and 29 percent
were regular users of hard drugs (Allen, 1980). It is exhausting, horrifying, gripping, draining; the
vast, bottomless pit of misery and wickedness endured by one young girl. According to a
Department of Justice press release in 2005, indictments were made against 31 individuals in four
U.S. Districts (the Middle District of Pennsylvania, the District of New Jersey, the Eastern District
of Michigan, and the District of Hawaii) that included charges of transportation of minors to engage
in prostitution and sex trafficking of children. Frequently, case managers and other providers are
involved in outreach activities, which potentially place them at greater risk for visibility and harm.
An International Labor Organization study indicated that girls are more likely to be trafficked for
commercial sexual exploitation and domestic services, and boys tend to be trafficked for forced labor
in commercial farming, petty crimes, and the drug trade. In these situations, abuse can range from
the imposition of excessive working hours to verbal and physical abuse to sexual harassment and
sexual attacks, and may extend to forcing the worker into the sex trade (International Organization
on Migration, 2005). Social Posts Create on-brand social posts and Articles in minutes. Besides, not
all the victims of human trafficking end up as sex slaves; some usually become domestic slaves
working at no pay. Not only do those native to India see themselves at risk for falling prey to human
traffickers, but they also see those from neighboring countries affected as well. Remediation
processes should be initiated, enabling the authorities to flag any contractors found in violation of
the labor laws. Thus, they also usually need legal representation in juvenile or criminal proceedings
and, in many cases, family hearings. Interviews with survivors suggest that involving survivors, when
they are ready, in the care of others can be beneficial to both the survivor and the victim (Caliber
Associates, 2007). Not only is trauma therapy important for victims overall well-being, but
addressing the trauma also may help their legal case. The arrest rate (a standard measure of the
percent of reported cases where an arrest was made) was high for these crimes (85% for males and
82% for females), although it is not known what percent of individuals involved in prostitution
actually come to the attention of police.
Trafficked children are used to working in dangerous places for a lot of illegal activities most of the
time such as sexual exploitation, slavery, drug selling, domestic work, and working in construction
sites. Both models engage a client in treatment through a family member or significant other. They
operate under a harm reduction model and are offered a range of supports at a drop-in center (e.g.,
hygiene products, a place to rest) (Young Womens Empowerment Project). Shrestha, N. M., Sharma,
B., Van Ommeren, M., Regmi, S., Makaju, R., Kompro, et al. (1998). Impact of torture on refugees
displaced within the developing world: Symptomatology among Bhutanese refugees in Nepal.
Venkatraman, B. (2003). Human trafficking: A guide to detecting, investigating, and punishing
modern-day slavery. For her, there were no breaks, no days off, and no escaping. The aim of the
thesis is to identify the assumptions and the imagery of trafficking upon which the framework is
formed as well as the exclusions and blind spots that these assumptions create. One effective solution
is to increase awareness and education about the issue. Therefore, helping a victim recover from
trauma, although a lengthy process, may also prove beneficial to the prosecution of these cases
(Center for Victims of Torture, 2006). When in the field, outreach workers should not appear as a
threat to a pimp or trafficker (e.g., by trying to ostentatiously convince a girl to exit), and therefore
must be creative about how and when they reach out to victims or potential victims (O. Information
on torture victims has demonstrated that the symptoms of trauma may interfere with clients ability to
participate in their case. This includes being able to acknowledge and share the harsh realities of their
lives in prostitution without fear of shaming, confrontation, or minimization: Like Vietnam veterans,
women in prostitution must overcome public denial about the truth of their experiences (Hotaling et
al., 2003). Well-established adolescent programs serving exploited girls also make trauma recovery a
key component of treatment. Documentary reveals on the dark side of Japan's 'schoolgirl culture.'
(2015). Mail Online. Retrieved 20 July 2018, from Emmers, R. (2004). Globalization and non-
traditional security issues: a study of human and drug trafficking in East Asia. Japan. (2018). U.S.
Department of State. GIFs Highlight your latest work via email or social media with custom GIFs.
Government organizations contact private shelter to cater the needs of the victims and the
government communicates with the country and return these victims to safe return in their respective
areas (Paredes-Maceda,2006). Activities have included computer training, language classes, ethnic
celebrations, and even writing plays about their personal experiences. Ideally, every law enforcement
officer would have the proper training and tools (e.g., common screening questions and protocols) to
be able to correctly apply the trafficking law, make the proper distinctions, and refer trafficking
victims for health and human services. To deliver culturally appropriate services and support,
providers must be aware of cultural differences and develop an understanding of culture. Interviews
with service providers and NGOs reveal that beyond these common immediate needs, the needs of
victims are as diverse as the countries from which the victims originate. Information from more than
a decade of work with victims of domestic violence, prostitution, homeless and runaway youth, and
victims experiencing trauma in general provide most of the general groundwork summarized here,
and there is a need for research that explores the applicability and effectiveness of these approaches
with victims of human trafficking. The media cover human trafficking more than they used to, not
least focusing on migration-politics and borders, rather than prostitution. When we compare how
normal middle-class families live a normal life compared to these children who are trafficked, we can
see that massive difference in their livelihoods and see the pure unfairness at hand. Seattle
Commission on Children and Youth. (1986). Survey of street youth. Work with torture victims
indicates that medical treatment is essential to their physical and psychological healing. Download
Free PDF View PDF Post-Soviet Trauma in the Nordic Imagination: Occupation and Sex Trafficking
in Purge and Lilya 4-Ever Liina-Ly Roos The traumas of the twentieth century affected the
development of trauma narrative in literature and cinema. The poor implementation of laws is the
main reason for child trafficking. Working in collaboration and close communication with a case
manager can be beneficial to both the attorney and the victim. Governments should also eliminate the
situations that lead to human trafficking. 6 REFERENCES Bales, K. (2005). Understanding global
slavery. The stigma associated with sexual exploitation in general, and prostitution in particular, also
increases the difficulty in identifying victims. Both international and domestic victims of sex
trafficking are not likely to disclose their involvement in prostitution to providers, especially law
enforcement, due to their own sense of shame and fear of the response (Lloyd, 2005; Raphael, 2004;
U.S. Department of Justice, 2002). It also leads to high financial cost, slavery, emotional scars,
increases in gang activities, administrative burden and degradation of morals and cultures in
communities.
The Coalition to Abolish Slavery and Trafficking (CAST) has developed a survivors of trafficking
council that assists in program decision-making and provides peer-to-peer and group mentoring and
support to current clients. It includes all journal articles, letters to the editor, and errata from each
journal. Not only do people need to inform government officials but they should also work in
schools to educate and inform children so they can recognize the signs and protect themselves from
human trafficking. The results of this comprehensive review are organized by the following key
questions: What is human trafficking. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. U.S.
Government Accountability Office. (2006). Human trafficking: Better data, strategy, and reporting
needed to enhance U.S. anti-trafficking efforts abroad. For example, Massachusetts created the
Child Sexual Exploitation Database through the SEEN Coalition (formerly the Teen Prostitution
Prevention Project) in Suffolk County. Another safety consideration is whether the victim has been
exposed to infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, HIV, and typhus (Salvation Army, 2006) and the
risk of exposure to others. Retrieved March 14, 2008, from Child Labor Coalition. (2007b). Children
in the fields: The inequitable treatment of child farmworkers. The reviewed works reveal a
distinctive feature of child. Any housing program designed to support this population must take into
account the myriad ways in which the self-esteem of the women and girls has been diminished.
Boston, MA: Author. Thompstone, G. (n.d.). The development of quality of care standards in welfare
services for child victims of commercial sexual exploitation. Having to do this only weakened her
self-esteem, this made it easy for the trafficker to give her attention. Uniform Crime Reports
estimate that in 2005, there were 84,891 arrests for adult prostitution or commercialized vice.
Furthermore, this chapter attempts to stress some analysis on child prostitution of the ahead
mentioned countries. READ IT!! 2010 vine 4 likes Like Comment Gypsy 16 reviews 41 followers
December 5, 2012 The story is a harrowing tale of one young woman who is to trusting to strangers
and it shows her absolute detemination to make it through. The Paul and Lisa Program does not offer
a group home setting but rather facilitates appropriate housing using existing resources (including
specialized foster homes) (National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, 2002). ECLAC
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. Research was done from the month of
July 2011-August 2012. However, the incorporation of a prevention component into the TVPA
suggests the importance of this element of service. Obtaining an education, developing life and
social skills, learning a new language, gaining job skills, and obtaining employment are essential for a
victim to be able to reintegrate into society. They should also assist survivors and victims' by
providing them with counseling for them to cope with life. For example, one study found that two-
thirds of males exploited through prostitution had run away from home prior to becoming involved
(Allen, 1980). The number of prostitutes dropped by 18 percent to 269,000 during the same period.
The goal is to help the victim progress along the continuum that begins at crisis or the need for
emergency assistance and moves to a position of safety (all within phase 1). Turnover, especially
among case managers or other key providers, can cause setbacks in a victims recovery. Washington,
DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. U.S. Government Accountability Office. (2002). Child labor:
Labor can strengthen its efforts to protect children who work. The HIV transmission risk is often
attributed to the survivor's experience of unprotected sex and the inconsistent use of protective
condoms during sexual intercourse. Comprehensive and integrated treatment approach, addressing
the broad range of needs rather than concentrating only on curtailing substance abuse. The Internet
Hotline Centre provides the public the opportunity to report illegal or harmful information found on
the internet (Internet Association Japan, 2006). Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the
exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor or
services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs (Europol, 2005, p.
10). At the same time, the U.S. Congress defined and classified human trafficking into two
categoriessex trafficking and labor traffickingin the TVPA.
The reviewed works reveal a distinctive feature of child. Awareness of HIV was highest among those
in the forced labor category, ranging from 47 to 71 percent for the various age groups compared to
28 to 38 percent among those in the sex worker category. Somehow in all that horror this book was
also beautiful. They frequently contract sexually transmitted infections or become pregnant. ECLAC
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. For example, Massachusetts created
the Child Sexual Exploitation Database through the SEEN Coalition (formerly the Teen Prostitution
Prevention Project) in Suffolk County. If minors had a better comprehension of techniques used by
traffickers, our statistics might go down. Trafficking for the prostitution is the worst form of
exploitation where they have to face numbers of violence, which has a severe impact on their
physical, mental and health development. Nepal has made significant progress in providing access to
education. Rates of mental health problems are similar between girls and boys, though girls have
been studied far more extensively (Flowers, 2001; Klain, 1999; Lankenau et al., 2005; Moxley-
Goldsmith, 2005). Victims are trafficked into a life that is difficult to escape. During this waiting
period, international victims, in most cases, are not eligible for either refugee-specific or mainstream
services. Literature Review of Trafficking in Persons in Latin America. Interviews with survivors
suggest that involving survivors, when they are ready, in the care of others can be beneficial to both
the survivor and the victim (Caliber Associates, 2007). Security also becomes a concern when
providing housing for victims. Similar to battered womens shelters, safety must be a priority not only
for the victim and staff but also for the other residents (A. According to each States law, victims
receive the full range of assistance, care, and services to which all children in the State are entitled.
Another solution is to improve the support and services available to victims of human trafficking.
What I disliked about the book was the writing style. NGOs and other providers have found that
working with international victims requires significant patience and consistency. Frequently, case
managers and other providers are involved in outreach activities, which potentially place them at
greater risk for visibility and harm. An ongoing controversy is a debate regarding whether
prostitution is an engine of human trafficking or it is purely a product of poverty. Sexual exploitation
is acts in which abuse, force, and coercion are used for the purpose of commercial sex. Additionally,
some victims may be illiterate in their native language. Agencies must ensure that they are
maximizing the safety of victims and that providing or referring to services does not further
jeopardize victims physical well-being. ILANUD United Nations Latin American Institute for the
Prevention of Crimes and the. Its capital, Seoul, is the second largest metropolitan city in the world.
Children mainly females mostly from neighboring developing countries such as Thailand, Philippines,
Malaysia and etc. While a multidisciplinary approach to identification has been shown to be
promising, more research on effective models of identification (including assessment tools) should be
conducted. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People’s Republic of
China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the
East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. Case managers must pass along basic offender information
and treatment plans to another agency or case manager providing care.
These child labor estimates represent a proportion of the population that may be at risk for labor
trafficking within the United States, and should be explored further from the perspective of
domestic labor trafficking. Child prostitution and pornography is viewed as an increasing serious
problem in Japan. In addition, this article will analyse the life experiences of the 12 women who
experienced human trafficking. Because of this wonderful book, I want to give to Maiti Nepal to
assist them in their operations, and assist in trafficking victims in the United States to obtain legal
status. Adams, personal communication, March 2006; Children of the Night, 2006; N. Finally, it is
important to address the root causes of human trafficking, such as poverty, lack of education and
employment opportunities, and social and political instability. For example, according to Breaking
Free, a program focused on African-Americans in Minnesota and serving prostituted women, The
services that black women need may seem to be the same as those required by white women.
Despite the small sample, participants showed significantly better outcomes post-treatment than the
treatment-as-usual group, including decreased substance use, trauma-related symptoms, and
improvement on cognitive measures related to substance use disorders and PTSD. Sometimes the
things that go on around them are disguised as something else. UNGASS United Nations General
Assembly Special Session. Practical implications and future research directions are also discussed. It
is important that strict laws be implemented especially in developing nations so that these children
living under the poverty line have a chance to have a better life. In 2000, the International definition
of human trafficking was created to help the world differentiate between human trafficking and
other illegal migrations. The Center for Victims of Torture (2006) provides the following guidelines
for developing cultural understanding for victims of torture. It can start as an untreated problem,
mentally or physically, abuse or neglect by guardians, or something as simple as low self-esteem. In
2003, the Korean Institute of Criminology announced that 260,000 women, or 1 of 25 of young
Korean women, may be engaged in the sex industry. Similar to battered women, victims are often at
greatest risk for harm by their trafficker (or pimp) when they leave their situation. If the victim is not
ready to receive services, the collaboration ensures that follow-up takes place (Teen Prostitution
Prevention Project, 2006). What are promising practices for serving victims of human trafficking. It
is neighbor to China to the west, Japan to the east and North Korea to the north. Adolescent girls
suffer severe emotional and physical consequences as a result of domestic trafficking. Program for
Torture Victims. Retrieved November 14, 2006, from Protection Project. (2002). Human rights report
on trafficking of persons, especially women and children: United States Country Report. Creation of
awareness on the issue and human rights is also important. The push factors are unemployment,
family requirements and mainly everything revolves around poverty. I think the overall feeling I
have, having finished this book, is that Radhika is one of the (lucky?) few who have survived the
horrors and found a life after the terrible abuses she suffered. It also leads to high financial cost,
slavery, emotional scars, increases in gang activities, administrative burden and degradation of
morals and cultures in communities. A common motivation behind the trafficking of children by
human traffickers is associated with the clients' demand for virgin girls as an assurance for safe sex
(Silverman, et al., 2007). As the Emperor of Asia, I'd institute policies promoting transparency
through third-party monitoring. Japan also stressed out the protection of child prostitution victims by
conducting a specific program which gives them shelter and protection. Hotaling, personal
communication, June 2006; National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, 2002; K. However,
young people in both groups reported improvements while receiving services.
Retrieved February 11, 2008 from Hotaling, N. (2000). Trauma and drug recovery for abuse and
prostitute survivors in the criminal justice system. In 2006, the Internet Association Japan, the
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication, the National Police Agency and information
technology (IT) experts collaborated to draft guidelines on operating a hotline. Victims of
Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000, 22. U.S.C. 7101(a). Vital Voices. (2003). Vital
Voices womens rights awareness campaign. What are promising practices for serving victims of
human trafficking. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 58, 696-703. Shelters that have
been successful in serving both domestic and international victims of human trafficking have
adjusted their programs for this population. As previously stated, developing a trusting relationship
with a victim of human trafficking can be extremely difficult for a variety of reasons, including the
victims trauma history, threats to safety from the trafficker (pimp), distrust, and possibly prior
negative experiences with authorities or the system. Both sets of figures represent reductions from
prior years; however, advocates contend that the reductions are the result of reduced Federal
enforcement, not declining use of child labor. This essay focuses on other factors that have led to
human trafficking such as globalization. In emergencies, domestic violence shelters may be called
upon to provide shelter for minor victims. In some cases, this is not possible because shelters are not
equipped to serve children. Kidnapped by an organ trafficker, she spent the next seven years
enslaved by sex traffickers. Latin America and the Caribbean in the World Economy 2006: 2007
Trends. While there is little hard evidence to support the effectiveness of specific interventions or
services for victims of human trafficking, it is possible to identify components or characteristics that
seem promising in services and strategies for trafficking victims and similar populations based upon
the limited information available. Ninety-seven percent of the covered material is peer-reviewed.
Hotaling, personal communication, June 2006; National Center for Missing and Exploited Children,
2002; K. The FBI established 14 task forces in cities with the most reports of prostituted youth;
currently, task forces are in 27 cities. Girls who run from their homes, group homes, foster homes, or
treatment centers, are at great risk of being targeted by a pimp (or trafficker) and becoming
exploited. Both prostitution and poverty are key contributing factors to human. However, today
some arguments state that that criminalizing sex industry will lead to rampant prostitution. Learn
from multiple sources and perspectives about the countries, cultures, and subcultures of survivors the
provider is serving. Based on research on the needs of unaccompanied refugee minors, minor
international trafficking victims may experience depression and feelings of isolation, but given their
culture, they may not know how to express or describe what they are feeling. Therefore, some
advocates and service providers believe that the most successful programs serving young women
exiting prostitution need to incorporate a peer-to-peer counseling model and often hire survivors to
provide either some or all of the services to clients (N. The researcher employed a descriptive type of
research using books and reliable online sources. In South Korea, many NGOs working on children’s
rights rely on state funding to operate and their financial dependence on the government has
prevented them from engaging in a more critical dialogue regarding the actions that need to be
taken. When they reachtheir new destinations, the victims are forced to indulge inprostitution by the
same people that promised them a better life. Finally, victims (now often referred to as survivors) can
integrate into their environment and begin to thrive. An innocent promised with a house-cleaning
job, she is taken across the Nepalese border into the bustling, dog-eat-dog dystopia, that is India. In
March 2004, the Task Force for the Elimination of Prostitution completed the Sex Trafficking
Prevention Plan, which includes measures to protect the rights of victims of forced prostitution and
to tackle, through various routes, the facilitation of prostitution (for instance, through the use of the
Internet and mobile phones). The society blames girls for the vice prompting most of them to
ultimately commit suicide, disappear or get hurt in the business (Mail Online, 2015). In conclusion,
human trafficking is a complex and devastating crime that requires a multifaceted response.