Fundamental Ch1
Fundamental Ch1
Fundamental Ch1
Introduction of Computer
Definition of Computer
Characteristic of Computer
Advantage of Computer
Disadvantage of Computer
Application of Computer
History of Computer
Generation of Computer
Unit of Computer
Type of Computer
Introduction of Computer
What can better do than human, Computer may perform better than
human like the operation (i) Numeric computation, (ii) Information storage
(iii) Repetitive operation.
What can better do than computer, Human may perform better than
computer like numeric vs. symbolic, Algorithm vs. Non-algorithm etc.
What is computer?
Definition of Computer
OR
Data :-
Information:-
Ans: Data is input through input medium and data will process and finally
information display in display medium or out put medium.
Control Unit
Arithmetic and Logic Unit(ALU)
Memory
The control unit controls all the data / instruction what data and instruction we
enter through input devices. The functionality of control unit are;
Characteristic of Computer
There are some major characteristics of a computer system. Given below ----
Speed
Accuracy
Storage
Diligence
Versatility
Volume
Complexity
Timeliness
Speed
The speed of something is the rate at which it travel data and instruction to
process the data travels at an incredible speed equivalent to that of light
e.g. in nanosecond.
Hour = 60 Minutes
1 Milisecond/1000 = 1 Microsecond
Storage
Diligence
Computer do not suffer from stress and strain and do not get tired and look
boredom when repetitive task are given.
Versatility
Volume
Large volume of data can be handled by the computer with the high degree of
efficiency.
Complexity
Timeliness
Computer can do with capacities of speed and accuracy have to great extent
improved the timeliness of information.
Advantages of Computerization:
Disadvantages of Computer:-
Application of Computer :-
Information Processing
Health Care
Improved personal safety
Weather Forecasting
Education
Field of Communication
Crime Detection
Scientific Research
Recreational Benefit
Domestic Budget Planning
Business
In Home electronic circuit
In Automobiles
Military Services
Chapter 2
HISTORY OF COMPUTER
The development of computer from the very first one till date, have
been put into different generations to indicate their phase of evolution. This is
based on the technical developments over the period.
They were more than ten times faster then the first generation
computer. They were smaller than first generation computer and
respond smaller space. They consume less power.
They were more reliable and less space prone to hardware features then
the first generation computer.
They had faster and larger secondary storage as compared to first
generation computers.
They were easier to project and use than the first generation computers
so they had wider commercial use.
Thousands of individual transistors had to be assembled manually by
hand into electronic circuits making. Commercial production of these
computers difficult and costly.
They were more powered than second generation computer. They were
capable of performing about 1 million instructions per second. They
were smaller than second generation computers required smaller space.
They consumed by power and less heat than second generation
computers.
They were more reliable and less prone to hardware features then
second generation computers requiring lower maintenance cost.
They had faster and larger primary and secondary storage as computer
compared to second generation computers.
They were general purpose machines suitable for both scientific and
commercial application.
Standardization of high level programming language allowed programs
written for one computer to be easily ported to and executed on
another computer.
Time sharing operation system allowed interactive usage and
simultaneous use of these system of multiple use.