LAW ENFORCEMENT ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION

MODULE 2

PRINCIPLES OF POLICE ORGANIZATION

Police organizations are either formal or informal. Formal organizations are

highly structured while informal organizations are those without structures.

Every formal police organization whether small or large are governed by the following
principles:

1. Principle of Unity of Objectives - an organization is effective if it enables the

individuals to contribute to the organization’s objectives.

2. Principle of Organizational Efficiency – organization structure is effective if

it is structured in such a way to aid the accomplishment of the organization’s
objectives with a minimum cost.

3. Scalar Principle – shows the vertical hierarchy of the organization which

defines an unbroken chain of units from top to bottom describing explicitly the
flow of authority.

4. Functional Principle – refers to division of work according to type, place, time

and specialization.

5. Line and Staff – implies that a system of varied functions arrange into a
workable pattern. The line organization is responsible for the direct
accomplishment of the objectives while the staff is responsible for support,
advisory or facilitative capacity.

6. Principle of Balance – states that the application of principles must be

balanced to ensure the effectiveness of the structure in meeting organization’s
objectives.

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7. Principle of Delegation by Results – states that authority delegated should

be adequate to ensure the ability to accomplish expected results.

8. Principles of Absoluteness of Responsibility – explains that the

responsibility of the subordinates to their superior for performance is absolute and
the superior cannot escape responsibility for the organization on activities
performed by their subordinates

9. Principle of Parity and Responsibility – explains that responsibility for

action cannot be greater than that implied by the authority delegated nor should
it be less.

10. Authority Level Principle – implies that decisions within the authority of the

individual commander should be made by them and not be returned upward in

the organizational structure.

11. Principle of Flexibility – means that the more flexible the organization, the
more it can fulfill its purpose

Police Goals and Objectives

Goals are broad statements of general and long-term organizational purposes

often used to define the role of the police, for instance, to prevent crime, maintain order
or help solve community problems.

Objectives are specific short-term statements consistent with an organization’s

goal. Both goals and objectives are important because they help to identify the
expectations of what the police are doing and how productively (efficient and effective)
they perform.

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Police Productivity and Managerial Performance

An effective police manager must be concerned with the productivity of police

work teams and their members. Productivity means the summary of measures of the
quantity and quality of police work performance achieved, with resource utilization
considered.

Good police managers establish and support the conditions needed to ensure high
productivity for themselves, for individual contributors, for their work units, and for the
organization as a whole. This involves a commitment to the accomplishment of two
different, but complimentary, police performance outcomes:

Police Effectiveness, which measures whether or not important task goals

are being attained
Police Efficiency, which measures how wellresources are being utilized

Police Management Processes

The management process involves Planning – Organizing – Leading –

Controlling the use of organizational resources to achieve high performance results.

1. Planning – is the process of setting performance objectives and identifying the

actions needed to accomplish them.

2. Organizing – is the process of dividing the work to be done and coordinating

results to achieve a desired purpose.

3. Leading – is the process of directing and coordinating the work efforts of other
people to help them accomplish important task.

4. Controlling – is the process of monitoring performance, comparing results to

objectives and taking corrective action as necessary.

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I. ORGANIZATION OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AND PUBLIC SAFETY

AGENCIES AS PROVIDED UNDER E.O. 292 SERIES OF 1987 AND OTHER
RELEVANT LAWS.

The Administrative Code of 1987.

Approved: July 25, 1987

THE NATIONAL DEFENSE [Title VIII]

The National Defense Policies: The prime duty of the Government is to serve and
protect the people. Government may call upon the people to defend the State and, in
fulfillment thereof, all citizens may be required, under conditions provided by law, to
render personal military or civil service. (S-1, C-1)

The Integrated National Police: Unless otherwise provided by law, the Integrated
National Police shall be composed of the Philippine Constabulary as the nucleus and the
Integrated Police Force, Fire Services as Jail Management Services as components, under
the Department of National Defense (S-23)

The National Police Commission: The State shall establish and maintain one police
force which shall be national in scope and civilian in character, to be administered and
controlled by a national police commission and shall provide, by law, the authority of local
executives over the police units in their jurisdiction (S-69, C-12).

The 1987 Constitution: “The state shall establish and maintain one police force, which
shall be national in scope and civilian in character to be administered and
controlled by a National Police Commission, the authority of Local Executives
over the police units in their jurisdiction shall be provided by law.”(Section 6,
Article XVI)

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The DILG Act of 1990

Approved: December 13, 1990
Effectivity: January 1, 1991

Policies

1. To promote peace and order, ensure public safety and further strengthen local
government capability aimed towards the effective delivery of the basic services to
the citizenry through the establishment of a highly efficient and competent police
force that is national in scope and civilian in character.
2. Bolster a system of coordination and cooperation among the citizenry, local
executives and the integrated law enforcement and public safety agencies.
3. Police force that is organized, trained and equipped primarily for the performance
of police functions. Its national scope and civilian character is paramount; and no
element of the police force shall be military nor shall any position thereof be
occupied by active members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. (S-2)

The National Police Commission (NAPOLCOM)

1. Relationship with the Department of Interior and Local Government
(DILG): Attached to the DILG for policy and program coordination.
2. Composition: Chairperson, four (4) regular commissioners, and the Chief of the
PNP as Ex-Officio member.
3. Total : Five (5) Commissioners and a Chairperson
4. Appointing Authority: All are appointed by the President with the Secretary of
the DILG
as Ex officio Chairperson.
5. Power: It exercises administrative control and operational supervision over the
PNP.
6. Term of office: 6 years without reappointment or extension.
7. Offices: National, Regional and Provincial

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The PNP Mandate: The Philippine National Police (PNP) is a community and service
oriented agency responsible for the maintenance of peace and order and public
safety. It is organized to ensure accountability and uprightness in police exercise of
discretion as well as to achieve efficiency and effectiveness of its members and units in
the performance of their functions.

Initial Composition
1. Former INP members
2. Commissioned officers and enlisted personnel of the PC
3. Members of the Inspection, Investigation and Intelligence Branch of
NAPOLCOM (I.I.I.B.)
4. Civilian operatives of the CIS

Offices/Functions Absorbed
1. National Action Committee on Anti-Hijacking Security (NACAH), former under
the DND
2. All the functions of the Philippine Air Force Security Command (PAFSECOM)
3. Police functions of the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG)

Organizational Structure, Position Title, Functions and Rank

1. THE COMMAND GROUP: Vested with the power to command and direct the PNP.
Position Title Rank
Chief of the PNP Police General
Deputy Chief of the PNP for Admin. Lieutenant General
Deputy Chief of the PNP for Operation Lieutenant General

2. THE CHIEF OF THE DIRECTORIAL STAFF: Serves as the Chief Operations

Officer of the PNP that coordinates, supervises and directs the Directorial Staff and the
PNP units in the performance of their respective functions.

3. THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS SERVICE (IAS): Assists the Chief PNP in ensuring

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operational readiness and investigates infractions of the regulations committed by

members of the PNP.

4. THE HUMAN RIGHTS AFFAIRS OFFICE (HRAO): Serves as manager of the

facility that supervises the implementation of the guidelines and policies on human rights
laws.

5. THE CENTER FOR POLICE STRATEGY MANAGEMENT (CPSM): Serves as the

central facility of the PNP coordinating and integrating all strategy management
processes, sustaining the strategy execution and management, and instilling in the
organization a culture of strategy focus.

6. THE DIRECTORIAL STAFFS: Composed of sixteen (16) Directorates, which has its
own defined specialization:
6.1 Directorate for Personnel and Records Management ( DPRM):
Optimizes the utilization of personnel resources both from the uniformed and non-
uniformed personnel.
6.2 The Directorate for Intelligence (DI): Manages the gathering/collating of
intelligence objectives through effective management of all intelligence and
counterintelligence activities of the PNP and also serves as the linkage of all foreigners
with official transactions with the Chief, PNP.
6.3 The Directorate for Operations (DO): Exercises command, control,
direction, coordination and supervision of all activities of the PNP operations including
the deployment and employment of personnel.
6.4. The Directorate for Logistics (DL): Administers and manages material
resources needed for the PNP operations.
6.5 Directorate for Plans (DPL): Plans and programs strategic PNP operations.
Also represents the PNP in the Inter-agency and international affairs on peace and order.
6.6 The Directorate for Comptrollership (DC): Administers and manages
PNP’s fiscal financial resources.
6.7 The Directorate for Police Community Relations (DPCR): formulates
and implements community related activities, programs and projects and supervises the

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PNP Salaam Police Center.

6.8 The Directorate for Investigation and Detective Management (DIDM):
Coordinates, controls and supervises all investigation activities.
6.9 The Directorates for Human Resource and Doctrine Development
(DHRDD): Formulates policies on matters pertaining to human resources and doctrine
development.
6.10 The Directorate for Research and Development (DRD): Engages in
research and development and does testing and evaluation of self-reliant projects.
6.11 The Directorate for Information and Communication Technology
Management (DICTM): Integrates and standardizes all PNP information systems and
resources to further improve the frontline services.
6.12 The Directorates for Integrated Police Operations [(DIPO’s) in
Eastern Mindanao (12); Western Mindanao (13); Visayas (14); Southern (15) and
Northern Luzon (16)]: Direct and supervise the conduct of integrated anti-criminality,
internal security, counterterrorism operations, promote inter-operability with the AFP,
and provide a system to promote regional socio-economic development.

7. PNP NATIONAL SUPPORT UNITS

National Administrative Support Units (NASU)
7.1 Logistics Support Service [LSS]: Provides logistical support services to all
PNP units.
7.2 Information Technology Management Service [ITMS]: Provides
information technology services to all PNP units.
7.3 Finance Service [FS]: Responsible for the disbursement and accounting of
PNP funds, and performs other fiscal functions.
7.4 Health Service [HS]: Provides medical and dental services to PNP personnel
and their dependents.
7.5 Communication and Electronic Service [CES]: Provides communication
electronic services and support to all PNP units.
7.6 Chaplain Service [CHS]: Provides spiritual and other counseling services for
PNP personnel and their dependents.
7.7 Legal Service [LS]: serves as the legal arm of the PNP.

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7.8 Headquarters Support Service [HSS]: Provides administrative and

technical support to National headquarters.
7.9 Engineering Service [ES]: Implements PNP engineering programs, land
utilization and housing activities.
7.10 Training Service [TS]: Conduct training courses geared towards skills
enhancement, intellectual advancement and moral transformation of PNP personnel.
7.11 PNP Retirement and Benefits Administration Service [PRBS]:
Administers the retirement, separation and death benefits of PNP personnel.

National Operational Support Units ( NOSUs)

7.12 Maritime Group [MG]: Performs police and law enforcement functions over
Philippine territorial waters, lakes, rivers, along coastal areas to include ports and
harbors and small islands for the security and the sustainability development of the
maritime environment.
7.13 Intelligence Group [IG]: Serves as the intelligence and counterintelligence
operating unit of the PNP.
7.14 Police Security and Protection Group [PSPG]: Provides security to
government vital installations, government officials, visiting dignitaries and private
individuals authorized to be given protection.

7.15 Criminal Investigation and Detection Group [CIDG]: Monitors,

investigates, prosecutes all crimes involving economic sabotage, and other crimes of such
magnitude and extent as to indicate their commission by highly placed or professional
criminal syndicates and organizations. It also conducts organized crime control on all
major cases involving violations of the Revised Penal Code, Special Penal Laws assigned
to them, atrocities committed by the subversive elements.
7.16 Special Action Force [SAF]: serves as the PNP’s main mobile strike force
or a reaction unit to augment regional, provincial, municipal and city police force for civil
disturbance control, internal security operations, hostage-rescue operations, search and
rescue in times of natural calamities, disasters and national emergencies and other special
police operations. To enhance its operations, The PNP Air Unit is placed under the
supervision of the SAF.

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7.17 Aviation Security Group [AVSEGROUP]: Provides security to all airports

throughout the country.
7.18 Highway Patrol Group [HPG]: Enforces traffic laws and regulations,
promote safety along the highways, enhances traffic safety consciousness through
interagency cooperation concerning police traffic safety engineering, traffic safety
education and traffic law enforcement functions and develops reforms in the crime
prevention aspect against all forms of lawlessness committed along national highway
involving the use motor vehicles.
7.19 Police Community Relation Group [PCRG]: Undertakes and
orchestrates police community relations program and activities in partnership with
concerned government agencies, the community, and volunteer organizations in order to
prevent crime and attain a safe and peaceful environment.
7.20 Civil Security Group [CSG]: Regulates business operations and activities
of all organized private detectives, watchmen, security guards/ agencies and company
guard forces, and supervise the licensing and registration of firearms and explosives.
7.21 Crime Laboratory [CL]: Provides scientific and technical, investigative aide
and support to the PNP and other investigative agencies. It also conducts crime laboratory
examination, evaluation and identification of physical evidence gathered at the crime
scene with primary emphasis on medical, biological and physical evidence.
7.22 PNP Anti-Kidnapping Group [PNP-AKG]: Serves as the primary unit of
the PNP in addressing kidnapping cases and in handling hostage situations.
7.23 PNP Anti-Cybercrime Group [PNP-ACG]: Enforce pertinent laws on
cybercrimes and cybercrime campaigns of the PNP.

8. THE MAIN OPERATING UNITS

8.1 National Capital Region Police Office
a. Regional Public Safety Mngt. Battalion [RPSMB]
b. District Police Offices
c. Police Stations
d. Sub stations
8.2 Police Regional Offices [PROs]
a. Regional Public Safety Mngt. Battalion [RPSMB]
b. Police Provincial Offices [PPOs]

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b.1 Provincial Public Safety Mngt. Coy [PPSMC]

b.2 Municipal/Component City Police Station
b.3 Precincts
c. City Police Offices [(in a highly urbanized and independent cities)
CPOs]
c.1 City Public Safety Mngt. Coy
c.2 CPO Police Stations

Key Positions: Refer to positions of major responsibility over a command, office or unit.
Key Positions in the PNP
1. Chief, Philippine National Police
2. The Deputy Chief, PNP for Administration
3. The Deputy Chief, PNP for Operations
4. The Chief of the Directorial Staff
5. The Directors of the Directorial Staff
6. Regional Directors, Police Regional Offices
7. Directors, National Support Units
8. District Directors, NCRPO
9. Provincial/City Directors
10. Group Directors, RPSB(NCRPO)
11. Chief of Police/ Station Commanders

Powers and Functions of the PNP

1. Enforce all laws and ordinances relative to the protection of lives and properties;
2. Maintain peace and order and take all necessary steps to ensure public safety;
3. Investigate and prevent crimes, effect the arrest of criminal offenders, bring
offenders to justice and assist in their prosecution;
4. Exercise the general powers to make arrest, search and seizure in accordance
with the constitution and pertinent laws;
5. Detain an arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed by law,
informing the person so detained of all his rights under the constitution;
6. Issue licenses for the possession of firearms and explosives in accordance with
law;

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7. Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies, and to
security guards and private detectives, for the practice of their professions; and
8. Perform such other duties and exercise all other functions as may be provided
by law.

Vision, Mission, Philosophy and Core Values

Vision: Imploring the Aid of Almighty God, by 2030, WE shall be a highly capable,
effective and credible police service working in partnership with a responsive community
towards the attainment of a safer place to live, work, and do business.

Mission: Enforce the law, prevent and control crimes, maintain peace and order, and
ensure public safety and internal security with the active support of the Community.

Philosophy: Service, Honor and Justice

Core Values: Maka Diyos, Makatao, Makabayan at Makakalikasan

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Rank Classification, Insignias and Badges

NEW PNP RANKING SYSTEM (R.A. 11200-Feb 8, 2019)

OLD NEW OLD NEW

DGEn PGEN SPO4 PEMS

DDG PLTGEN SPO3 PCMS

Dir PMGEN SPO2 PSMS

C/Supt PBGEN SPO1 PMSg

S/Supt PCOL PO3 PSSg

Supt PLTCOL PO2 PCpl

C/Insp PMAJ PO1 Pat

S/Insp PCPT

Insp PLT

INSIGNIAS
PLT to PCOL shall wear insignia which shall be attached approximately one inch
from the front and lower side edges of the collar lapel. For BGEN and higher, insignia
shall be pinned on the shoulder board measuring 5 ¼ and 2 ¼ in width.

Rank Insignia:
a.) 4,3,2,1 silver stars for PGEN, PLTGEN, PMGEN and BGEN., respectively.
b.) 3,2,1 silver sampaguita cluster for PCOL, PLTCOL, and PMAJ, respectively
c.) 2,1 bronze anahaw leaf for PCPT, and PLT, respectively
d.) PNCO –Chevron
e.) Executive SPO-PEMS –chevron in white sampaguita cluster at the center
flanked by gold laurel leaves.

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BADGES
a.) Police Badge –Center of the left breast pocket
b.) Combat Citation Badge-Above the right pocket on the top of citation badges
c.) Parachutist/EDC/Pilot Wings/Technical Service Badges- Above the left pocket on the
top of the service decorations.

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