Slide-Chapter 1 ST
Slide-Chapter 1 ST
Slide-Chapter 1 ST
“
“Transport is the actual movement of
goods from one location to another using a
means or a vehicle of transport and a
transport infrastructure” (Bektas, 2017)
Definition of Transport
Transportation participants
(1) Shippers: decide whether to operate their own fleet or to use an
external party
(2) Carriers: operate and offer transportation services for shippers
(3) Intermediaries:
+ Third-Party Logistics Providers (3PLs): perform all or part of
companies’ logistics functions
+ Freight forwarders: act as a third party and manage the shipments
on behalf of the shipper, including:
o Store, package, and handle the goods
o Help to identify a suitable mode(s) for the shipper; and book
cargo with transportation companies
o Consolidate shipments
Compare Third-Party Logistics Providers and Freight
forwarders
DDP
Port of
Port of
INCOTERMS Seller Loading
discharge Buyer
2010
Sea and
Inland 5
waterway 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9
transport
only
Free Alongside Ship (Named port of shipment)
RISKS FAS
COST
S
Free On Board (Named port of shipment)
RISKS
COST
FOB
S
Cost and Freight (Named port of destination) )
RISKS
CFR
COST
S
Cost, Insurerance and Freight (Named port of destination)
RISKS
CIF
COST
S
Main differences between Incoterms 2020 and
Incoterms 2010
- Bills of lading with an on-board notation and the FCA
Incoterms rule: the Buyer can instruct its carrier to issue an on-
board Bill of lading to the Seller after the loading of the goods, the
Seller then being obliged to tender that Bill of lading to the Buyer,
typically through the banks.
“
phải là vận chuyển qua 2 quốc gia khác nhau
Definition of Multimodal transport
Three main features of a multimodal transport:
(1) the carriage of goods by two or more modes of
transport
(2) under one contract, one document
(3) one responsible party for the entire carriage, who
might subcontract the performance of some, or all
modes, of the carriage to other carriers.
Definition of Multimodal transport
Vietnam: Decree No. 87/2009/ND-CP of October 19, 2009
on Multimodal transport:
+ Multimodal transport means the carriage of goods by at least
two different modes of transport on the basis of a multimodal
transport contract.
+ International multimodal transport means multimodal
transport from a place in Vietnam where the goods are taken in
charge by the multimodal transport operator to a place
designated for goods delivery in another country and vice
versa.
+ Domestic multimodal transport means multimodal transport
conducted within the Vietnamese territory.
Definition of Multimodal transport
Definition of Intermodal transport:
- (Lowe, 2006): “Intermodal freight transport, is the concept of
utilizing two or more ‘suitable’ modes, in combination, to form
an integrated transport chain aimed at achieving operationally
efficient and cost-effective delivery of goods in an
environmentally sustainable manner from their point of origin to
their final destination.”
- The movement of goods in one and the same loading unit (e.g.
container), which uses successively two or more modes of
transport without handling the goods themselves in changing
modes (without intermediate handling).
Crate
Pallet
Container
Box
Containerization and Multimodal transport
• Definition of Container
Article of transport equipment:
a) of a permanent character and accordingly strong enough to
be suitable for repeated use;
b) specially designed to facilitate the carriage of goods by one
or more modes of transport, without intermediate reloading;
c) fitted with devices permitting its ready handling, particularly
its transfer from one mode of transport to another;
d) so designed as to be easy to fill and empty;
e) having an internal volume of 1 m3 (35.3 ft3) or more.
(ISO 668:2020 & TCVN 7553:2005)
Containerization and Multimodal transport
• Advantages of Containerization
- Increased safety and reduced loss & damage: Containers
are locked, which means that their contents cannot easily be
modified except at origin or destination.
- Reduction of terminal costs: Transfer operations at
terminals are tailored to process containerised cargo fast and
with minimal amount of effort.
- More efficient use of storage space within the port:
Containers can be stacked.
- Accommodation for a variety of cargo types: Cargo of
various sizes, shapes, dimensions or weight can be carried in
a container.
Containerization and Multimodal transport
• ISO standards for containers
- ISO 668:2020 Freight Container – Classification,
dimension and rating
- ISO 6346:2020 Freight Container – Coding, identification
and marking
- ISO 1161:2016 Freight Container – Corner and
intermediate fittings
ISO 668:2020 Freight Container – Classification, dimension and
rating
- Types of ISO containers:
Code Type designation
G General purpose container
V General purpose container with ventilation
B Dry bulk cargo
S Named cargo
R/H Thermal container
U Open-top container
P Platform (container)
K Pressurized tank container (liquids and gases)
N Pressurized and non-pressurized tank container (dry)
A Air/surface container
ISO 668:2020 Freight Container – Classification, dimension and
rating
- Dimension of ISO containers:
+ Width: ISO freight containers have a uniform width of 2.438
m (8 ft).
Freight
container Height Length
designation
m ft m ft
1EEE 2.896 9 ft 6 in
13.7 45
1EE 2.591 8 ft 6 in
1AAA 2.896 9 ft 6 in
1AA 2.591 8 ft 6 in
12.2 40
1A 2.438 8 ft
1AX < 2.438 < 8 ft
1BBB 2.896 9 ft 6 in
1BB 2.591 8 ft 6 in
9.1 30
1B 2.438 8 ft
1BX < 2.438 < 8 ft
1CCC 2.896 9 ft 6 in
1CC 2.591 8 ft 6 in
6.1 20
1C 2.438 8 ft
1CX < 2.438 < 8 ft
1D 2.438 8 ft
3.0 10
1DX < 2.438 < 8 ft
The capacity and also the cargo of a container ship is
given in TEU (Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit):
1 TEU = a 20-foot ISO container
The currently largest container ship has a capacity of over
21,400 TEU.
ISO 6346:2020 Freight Container – Coding, identification and
marking
Container code:
A standardised method of
identification for intermodal
containers.
Check size and type code: refer to the reference file “Container_size
type code”
What is the meaning of this marking?
MSKU 0803081
45G1
- TARE - Tare weight: the total weight of the empty container
- NET - Maximum payload/Net weight: the maximum weight of the
cargo or contents that a container can hold
- MAX. GROSS - Maximum gross weight = Tare weight +
Maximum payload
- CU. CAP - Cubic capacity: the volume of the container
What is the meaning of this marking?