MUSIC 10 (3rd QUARTER)  Hibik ng Pilipinas

LESSON 1: TRADITIONAL COMPOSERS  Ano Kaya ang Kapalaran, and

National Artist Dr. Ramon Santos defines  Kundiman (Anak Dalita). This piece was
contemporary music in the Philippines as sung before the Royal Court of Spain upon
compositions that incorporate ideas from 20th- the request of King Alfonso II.
century Western art music and current trends in
the entertainment industry. The modern Filipino He was also a musical director for
repertoire reflects 20th-century idioms films. Among the films whose music he
influenced by movements like impressionism, supervised are “Kundiman”, “Leron Leron
expressionism, neo-classicism, avant-garde, and Sinta”, “Madaling Araw”, “Manileña”, and the
new music. Notable new genres include movie inspired by his own composition,
improvisational works like Dr. Ramon Santos' “Pakiusap”. He became the first Filipino
"Radyasyon and Quadrasyon," Josefino "Chino" Director of the UP Conservatory of Music.
Toledo's "Samut-Sari," "Pintigan," and
"Terminal Lamentations," as well as Jonathan PILIPINAS KONG MAHAL
Baes' "Wala" and "Banwa." Francisco Santiago

The colonization of the Philippines by

Spain and later America from the 1500s to the
late 1800s facilitated the incorporation of
Western compositional techniques into Filipino
music. Despite this influence, 20th-century
Filipino composers preserved traditional
elements while assimilating Western techniques,
forming the robust foundation of Philippine
music. Notable contemporary composers include
Francisco Santiago, Nicanor Abelardo, Antonio
Molina, Lucio San Pedro, Rosendo Santos Jr.,
Alfredo Buenaventura, and Ryan Cayabyab.

FRANCISCO SANTIAGO
 He is known is known as the “Father of the
NICANOR ABELARDO
Kundiman”  Part of the "Triumvirate of Filipino
 He belongs to the “Triumvirate of Filipino Composers" with Antonio Molina and
Composers.” Francisco Santiago.
 He finished his music specialization at the  Studied music at the Chicago Music
American Conservatory of Music in College.
Chicago, where he obtained his Doctorate  Influenced by the musical styles of
Schoenberg, Hindemith, and Stravinsky.
Degree in 1924.
 Developed a style combining European
 Santiago’s music was Romantic in style, romanticism with chromaticism.
incorporating Western forms and  Compositions feature hazy tones,
techniques with folk materials. He dissonance, and unusual chordal
composed several works such as kundiman, combinations.
symphonies, piano concertos, and other
Notable Compositions:
music pieces for the piano, violin, and
- "Mutya ng Pasig"
voice. - "Nasaan Ka Irog"
- "Cavatina for Violoncello"
Among his famous works are the following: - "Magbalik Ka Hirang"
 Pakiusap
 Madaling Araw
 Sakali Man MUTYA NG PASIG
 Pilipinas Kong Mahal
 Nicanor Abelarde

LUCIO SAN PEDRO

 He was born on February 11, 1913 in
Angono, Rizal.
 Since his elementary days, he started
composing.
 He studied the banjo which inspired him to
become a serious musician. He later
pursued his music degree at the University
of the Philippines and the Juilliard School
in New York, USA.
 He became a professor of theory and
composition at the University of the
Philippines’ College of Music.
 San Pedro is known as a “romantic
nationalist.” He incorporated Philippine
ANTONIO MOLINA folk elements in his compositions with
 He is the first National Artist in Music Western forms and harmony.
and considered as one of the  His chords have a rich expressive tonality,
“Triumvirate of Filipino Composers” as represented in his well-loved “Sa Ugoy
which includes Nicanor Abelardo and ng Duyan”, a lullaby melody sung by his
Francisco Santiago. mother. He composed Sa “Ugoy ng
 He began his music career as an orchestral Duyan” together with his friend Levi
soloist at the Manila Grand Opera House. Celerio as the lyricist.
 He served as Dean of the Centro Escolar  His musical prowess was internationally
University, Conservatory of Music from recognized when he was invited to be a
1948 to 1970. judge at the prestigious Van Cliburn
 He was also a faculty member of the International Piano Competition in 1980.
University of the Philippines’ Conservatory  He was declared National Artist for
(now College) of Music. Music in 1991 and passed away on March
31, 2002.
Antonio Molina, a prominent Filipino composer,
left a lasting legacy with his distinctive
impressionist composition "Malikmata"
(Transfiguration), featuring mysterious exotic
chords and a transition from lyrical melody to
initial mood. Molina's diverse body of work
includes compositions for piano, violin, and
voice, as well as the zarzuela opera form. His
renowned piece, "Hatinggabi," a romantic CIPRIANO “RYAN” CAYABYAB
serenade for violin and piano, has been  Popular contemporary and classical
transcribed for various instruments. Molina's composer.
repertoire spans orchestral, chamber, and vocal  Classical compositions include "Misa,"
music, showcasing works like the Suite Pastorale "Four Poems for Soprano and Piano," and
and nationalistic symphonic poem "Lahing "Te Deum".
Kayumanggi." His contributions to symphonic  Compositional style characterized by
band music were prolific. Internationally syncopation, extended chords, and
recognized, Molina served as a judge at the Van chromatic harmony/
Cliburn International Piano Competition in 1980  Award-winning compositions: "Kay Ganda
and received the National Artist for Music award ng Ating Musika" (1978) and modern
in 1973. He passed away on January 29, 1980. zarzuela "Alikabok" (2003).
 Notable opera: "Spoliarium" with libretto
by Fides Cuyugan-Asensio.
 Producer of recordings, including the
album "One," where he sang
 unaccompanied songs on different tracks to  Known as the "Father of the Kundiman," a
create 16 voices. genre of traditional Filipino love songs.
 Born on May 4, 1954, in Manila; obtained
Bachelor of Music degree from the Antonio Molina
University of the Philippines College of  Recognized as the "Father of Philippine
Music. Impressionist Music."
 Former faculty member for Composition at  Notable compositions include "Malikmata"
the University of the Philippines. and contributions to orchestral and chamber
 Served as Executive and Artistic Director music.
of the San Miguel Foundation for the
Performing Arts, overseeing the San
Miguel Philharmonic Orchestra and the San
Miguel Master Chorale.
 Continues to be a sought-after professor,
musical director, composer, arranger, and
conductor in the Philippine concert and
recording scenes.
 Named National Artist in Music in 2018.

Influences on Philippine Music

 European and American influences from
colonizers introduced 20th-century Western
compositional styles to Philippine music.

Ryan Cayabyab
 Spans both popular and classical genres.
 Composes pop, ballads, operas, zarzuela,
orchestral, and choral music.

Lucio San Pedro

 Recognized as a "romantic nationalist."
 Infuses Philippine folk elements into
compositions with Western forms and
harmony.
 Notable work: "Sa Ugoy ng Duyan," a
lullaby melody inspired by his mother.

Nicanor Abelardo
 Developed a style combining European
romanticism with chromaticism.
 Part of the "Triumvirate of Filipino
Composers" with Francisco Santiago and
Antonio Molina.

Francisco Santiago