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    The Concept of Fiqh Schools

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    shaziyasiyad.class
    The document discusses the concept of fiqh schools in Islam. It defines fiqh as the understanding of Allah's guidance and rulings as prescribed in the Quran and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. It explains that early scholars used fiqh broadly, while later scholars confined it to rulings regarding actions only. It also discusses that since Islam lacks an ecclesiastical authority, scholars developed madhhabs or schools of law that provide methodologies for interpreting religious texts. The madhhabs do not differ on core Islamic beliefs and allow differences of opinion on secondary legal issues rather than division.

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    The Concept of Fiqh Schools

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    shaziyasiyad.class
    6 views2 pages
    The document discusses the concept of fiqh schools in Islam. It defines fiqh as the understanding of Allah's guidance and rulings as prescribed in the Quran and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. It explains that early scholars used fiqh broadly, while later scholars confined it to rulings regarding actions only. It also discusses that since Islam lacks an ecclesiastical authority, scholars developed madhhabs or schools of law that provide methodologies for interpreting religious texts. The madhhabs do not differ on core Islamic beliefs and allow differences of opinion on secondary legal issues rather than division.

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    The document discusses the concept of fiqh schools in Islam. It defines fiqh as the understanding of Allah's guidance and rulings as prescribed in the Quran and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. It explains that early scholars used fiqh broadly, while later scholars confined it to rulings regarding actions only. It also discusses that since Islam lacks an ecclesiastical authority, scholars developed madhhabs or schools of law that provide methodologies for interpreting religious texts. The madhhabs do not differ on core Islamic beliefs and allow differences of opinion on secondary legal issues rather than division.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views2 pages

    The Concept of Fiqh Schools

    Uploaded by

    shaziyasiyad.class
    The document discusses the concept of fiqh schools in Islam. It defines fiqh as the understanding of Allah's guidance and rulings as prescribed in the Quran and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. It explains that early scholars used fiqh broadly, while later scholars confined it to rulings regarding actions only. It also discusses that since Islam lacks an ecclesiastical authority, scholars developed madhhabs or schools of law that provide methodologies for interpreting religious texts. The madhhabs do not differ on core Islamic beliefs and allow differences of opinion on secondary legal issues rather than division.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The Concept of Fiqh Schools

    What is Fiqh?
    Linguistically, fiqh is an Arabic word that means understanding; or deep
    understanding.
    The word faqih means a person of knowledge and understanding.
    It is mostly used to mean the understanding of the words of someone else and,
    for religious matters, the words of Allah and His Messenger. The Qur’an uses the
    term to signify a deep understanding of matters especially those related to
    religion.

    For fiqh, there is again a difference in terminology among scholars.


    The early scholars of Islam would use fiqh to mean the knowledge and the
    understanding of the guidance, the rulings, and the way of life Allah prescribed
    for us.
    In other words, fiqh is our understanding and knowledge of Allah’s Shari`ah

    The scholars who came later confined the usage of the word fiqh to the
    knowledge and understanding of the guidance, the rulings, and the way of life
    regarding the actions only, excluding the areas of belief and moral character.
    This terminology is represented by the famous definition that fiqh is: “the
    knowledge of the Shari`ah rulings which are related to actions from its detailed
    sources.” (Mohamed Abu Zahrah, Usul Al-Fiqh)

    To explain those definitions further, the Shari`ah is Allah’s guidance in His Book
    (the Qur’an) and the tradition of His Messenger (the Sunnah), while fiqh is our
    knowledge of these rulings after exerting all effort to extract them.
    Scholars arrive at those rulings of fiqh through a process called ijtihad, a
    scientific process to reach the Shari`ah rulings from its sources. It literally means
    exerting all possible effort.

    Since Islam does not have an ecclesiastic body that has the authority to declare
    the correct meaning of scripture, the interpretation of scripture largely became
    the collective role of scholars. Throughout Islamic history, the overwhelming
    majority of Muslim scholars followed what is called a madhhab. A madhhab,
    simply put, is a school of law. Although the term “school” is useful, it does not do
    full justice to the definition of a madhhab. Schools usually speak of people
    whereas a madhhab is primarily about a shared interpretational methodology. A
    madhhab linguistically means “a way” and therefore it is a method of interpreting
    scripture that binds a group or school of scholars together.
    Furthermore, the madhhabs are not theological schools or sects. Nevertheless,
    in modern times, following a madhhab has sometimes become an identity
    marker. It has sometimes become a description people give themselves to
    express a particular method of practicing Islam that is in opposition to “non-
    traditional” Islamic movements. However, the madhhabs were never intended to
    be identity markers; rather they are methodologies of understanding and
    applying scripture.

    It is important to stress that the madhhabs do not differ on the foundations of


    the religion such as God being One, the Qur’an being the book of God, and the
    Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬being the Messenger of God. While most Muslims would
    agree that division concerning the foundational beliefs of Islam as well as some
    foundational legal aspects is objected to, the same is not said for secondary
    issues in law which allow for a plurality of opinions. There is a difference between
    division and difference of opinion. In the legal context, it is not division that is
    meant to take place, but differences of opinion. Division that results in
    partisanship and conflict is certainly condemned by the Qur’an and Sunnah.

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