Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 78 views

    Introduction To Phonetics and Phonology

    Uploaded by

    oserobriton
    The document provides an overview of the course AEN 2121: An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology. It discusses the purpose of the course, which is to introduce students to the study of phonetics and phonology. It outlines the expected learning outcomes, including defining terms, describing speech organs, classifying sounds, and conducting transcriptions. It also provides details on the course content, coverage, materials, assessment, and references. The key topics covered are the branches and definitions of phonetics and phonology, the production and classification of vowels and consonants, phonetic alphabets, and discovery procedures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Introduction To Phonetics and Phonology

    Uploaded by

    oserobriton
    78 views6 pages
    The document provides an overview of the course AEN 2121: An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology. It discusses the purpose of the course, which is to introduce students to the study of phonetics and phonology. It outlines the expected learning outcomes, including defining terms, describing speech organs, classifying sounds, and conducting transcriptions. It also provides details on the course content, coverage, materials, assessment, and references. The key topics covered are the branches and definitions of phonetics and phonology, the production and classification of vowels and consonants, phonetic alphabets, and discovery procedures.

    Original Description:

    Original Title

    Introduction to phonetics and phonology (1)

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document provides an overview of the course AEN 2121: An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology. It discusses the purpose of the course, which is to introduce students to the study of phonetics and phonology. It outlines the expected learning outcomes, including defining terms, describing speech organs, classifying sounds, and conducting transcriptions. It also provides details on the course content, coverage, materials, assessment, and references. The key topics covered are the branches and definitions of phonetics and phonology, the production and classification of vowels and consonants, phonetic alphabets, and discovery procedures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    78 views6 pages

    Introduction To Phonetics and Phonology

    Uploaded by

    oserobriton
    The document provides an overview of the course AEN 2121: An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology. It discusses the purpose of the course, which is to introduce students to the study of phonetics and phonology. It outlines the expected learning outcomes, including defining terms, describing speech organs, classifying sounds, and conducting transcriptions. It also provides details on the course content, coverage, materials, assessment, and references. The key topics covered are the branches and definitions of phonetics and phonology, the production and classification of vowels and consonants, phonetic alphabets, and discovery procedures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    School of Business and Education

    Department of Education

    COURSE OUTLINE
    PROGRAMME: BACHELOR OF EDUCATION (ARTS)
    YEAR: 1 SEMESTER: 2
    UNIT CODE & TITLE : AEN 2121: An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology
    Pre-requisite: None
    LECTURE HOURS: 45 Credit hours ;3
    LECTURER: Dr. Safari Ntalala.
    LECTURER CONTACTS: EMAIL: sntalala@kyu.ac.ke TEL: 0720 580 659

    1.0 Purpose of the Course


    The purpose of this course is to introduce the learners to the study of phonetics and phonology.
    Expected learning outcomes
    By the end of this course the learner should be able to
    a) Define different terms related to phonetics and phonology.
    b) Recognize and describe various organs of speech.
    c) Demonstrate ability to produce and classify different speech sounds.
    d) Identify and differentiate various discovery procedures in phonetics and phonology.
    e) Carry out board and narrow transcription.
    2.0 Course content
    Definition of terminologies. Introduction to phonetics, Branches of phonetics, organs of speech
    the production of consonants: Initiation. Articulation and phonation. Classification of phonetic
    sounds; vowels and consonants. Categorization of consonants. The production of vowels:
    High/Low. Front/back round/unrounded. Phonetic alphabets (IPA notation) what is Phonology,
    Phones, allophones, phonemes, Discovery of procedures and their variants, broad and narrow
    transcriptions, supra-segmental features.
    3.0 Course coverage
    Week Topic Sub-Topic Remarks
    1 Introduction to Definition of terminologies. Introduction to phonetics,
    phonetics Organs of speech
    2-3 Branches of Articulatory phonetics, Acoustic phonetics and
    phonetics Auditory phonetics
    4 Consonants Production of consonants: Initiation. Articulation and
    phonation. Parameters for classification
    5 Assessment CAT 1
    6 Vowels The production of vowels. Classification, High/Low.
    Front/back round/unrounded. Tense/lax
    7-8 Phonology Definition, segmental and supra segmental features
    9 Phonetic International Phonetic alphabets (IPA notation),
    alphabets orthography and phonology contrast
    10 CAT 2
    11-12 Discovery Phones, allophones, phonemes, minimal pair, sets,
    procedures contrastive, complementary and free variation
    13 Phonetic Broad and narrow transcriptions, features and usage
    transcription
    14 Phonetics and Relationship between phonetics and phonology.
    phonology Importance of study
    15-16 END OF SEMESTER EXAMINATION
    4.0 Mode of Delivery
    Lectures, presentations, group discussions, syndicate work/tutorials and Question/ Answer
    approach
    5.0 Instructional Materials
    Overhead projector, Power point, Flip charts, Hand-outs, Charts and Felt Pens
    6.0 Course Assessment
    Written CATs 20%
    Assignment 10 %
    Final Examination 70 %
    Total 100%
    7.0 Core Reading Materials
    Sara Thorne, (2008). Mastering Advanced English Language. New York: Palgrave Macmillan
    Limited, ISBN-10:4356789
    Ogden and Richard, (2009). An introduction to English phonetics. Edinburgh : Edinburgh
    University Press ISBN-08: 45678345690
    Katamba F, (1989). An introduction to phonology. London: Longman. ISBN-07: 56789045
    Gimson A.C. (1989). An introduction to the Pronunciation of English. London: Edward Arnold,
    ISBN-09: 4567876543546
    8.0 Recommended Reference Materials
    Giegerich H. J. (1992). English Phonology. U.K: Cambridge University Press, ISBN-09:
    45678987
    Hyman L. (1975). Phonology: Theory and Analysis. New York: Holt Rinehaut & Winston,
    ISBN-09: 56789056
    Jones D. (1989). An outline of English Phonetics. Calcutta: Statistical Publishing Society, ISBN
    09:231543678.
    INTRODUCTION TO Phonetics and Phonology
    The dual nature of human languages makes it possible for languages to be broken down
    into various units so that it is possible to be learnt. Language can be studied at different
    linguistic levels such as the Phonetics (sounds), Phonology (structuring of sounds),
    Morphology (words), Syntax (sentence) and Semantics (meaning), Pragmatics (level larger
    than meaning). In linguistics the study of sounds is in phonetics and phonology. The words
    are studied in morphology while sentences are studied under syntax. All these help in the
    development of the complex nature of human languages.

    Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that studies how humans make and perceive sounds.
    Phonetics is concerned with the study of the sounds of natural languages…languages into
    which human beings are born. You are able to recognize the difference and distinguish
    between sounds of the English language.

    Phonetics is the study of production of sounds as produced by the organs of speech. It deals
    with the analysis of the sounds of languages in terms of articulation, transmission and
    perception. Phonetics seeks to identify sounds that constitute speech units which are
    distinct from all other possible human sounds.

    These sounds in phonetics do not belong to any particular language, they are universal
    sounds. Phonetics basically deals with all possible sounds by human beings, the useful and
    the useless sounds. Human beings can produce even the novelty sounds, which nobody had
    ever produced or heard.

    Phonetics focuses on the production and classification of the world’s speech sounds. The
    production of speech looks at the interaction of different vocal organs, for example the lips, tongue
    and teeth, to produce particular sounds. By classification of speech, we focus on the sorting of
    speech sounds into categories which can be seen in what is called the International Phonetic
    Alphabet (IPA).
    Phonetics looks at the physical production of sounds, focusing on which vocal organs are
    interacting with each other and how close these vocal organs are in relation to one another.
    Phonetics also looks at the concept of voicing, occurring at the pair of muscles found in
    your voice box, also known as the Adam’s apple. If the vocal folds are vibrating, this creates
    voicing and any sound made in this way are called voiced sounds.

    Phonetics has many applications. This includes its use in forensic investigations when
    trying to work out whose voice is behind a recording. It involves the application of the
    knowledge, theories and methods of general phonetics to practical tasks that arise out of a
    context of police work or the presentation of evidence in court, as well as the development
    of new, specifically forensic-phonetic, knowledge, theories and methods. Another use of
    phonetics is its role in language teaching and learning, either when learning a first language
    or when trying to learn a foreign language. The field of phonetics is traditionally divided
    into three subdisciplines:

    i) Acoustic phonetics

    Acoustic phonetics deals with the acoustic properties of speech sounds. It examines how
    different movements affect the properties of the resulting sound. This branch of phonetics
    concentrates attention on studying the physical properties of the sound waves generated
    when the speech organs go into activity. It also seeks to explain how sound is transmitted
    through the air from the speaker to the hearer.

    ii) Articulatory phonetics

    Articulatory phonetics deals with the ways in which speech sounds are made. It deals with
    how humans plan and execute movements to produce speech. In articulatory phonetics
    speech sounds are described in terms of the organs which produce them and how these
    organs behave during their production. It sees speech as an activity of the speaker and
    concentrates attention on the human speech organs and how these organs function singly
    and in combination with each other to modify exhaled air from the lungs into speech
    sounds.

    iii) Auditory phonetics


    Auditory phonetics studies how humans perceive speech sounds. It involves how humans
    convert sound waves to linguistic information. This branch of phonetics sees speech mainly
    as an activity of the hearer: how the hearer perceives and interprets speech sounds. This
    branch of phonetics is also sometime said to be perceptual.
    Phonology is often distinguished from phonetics. While phonetics concerns the physical
    production, acoustic transmission and perception of the sounds of speech, phonology
    describes the way sounds function within a given language or across languages to encode
    meaning. For many linguists, phonology deals with organization of speech sounds.

    Phonology, on the other hand deals with the organization, grouping, patterning and
    distribution of the basic sounds of natural languages (vowels and consonants). It studies
    the restrictions and regular patterns of sound combinations. The syllable is the basic unit of
    study.
    In addition to the minimal units that can serve the purpose of differentiating meaning
    (the phonemes), phonology studies how sounds alternate, i.e. replace one another in
    different forms of the same morpheme (allomorphs), as well as, for
    example, syllable structure, stress, and intonation.
    Phonology also includes topics such as phonotactics (the phonological constraints on what
    sounds can appear in what positions in a given language) and phonological
    alternation (how the pronunciation of a sound changes through the application
    of phonological rules), the study of supra segmental and topics such
    as stress and intonation.
    Relationship between phonetics and phonology.
    In the language hierarchy, ‘Phonetics’ comes first and it is followed by ‘Phonology’.
    Phonetics constitutes the study of the smallest unit of speech and it provides the raw
    materials for phonology to build on. As such, without phonetics there would be no
    phonology. Phonology however is associated more with the abstract properties of sounds,
    as it is about how these categories are stored in the mind.
    The relationship between phonetics and phonology is such that human speech is subject
    matter. However, Phonetics is the starting point while phonology takes off from where
    phonetics ends.
    Phonetics is the starting pointing any language as it deals with how sounds are produced
    (articulated), send across (transmitted) and perceived (reception). In other words,
    phonetics accounts for how human beings generate speech sounds, the physical properties
    of the sounds and how they are received by the hearers. While focuses on speech sounds as
    well, but in a different way. It deals with how the sounds of a language are identified,
    classified and organized to function in that language.
    Phonetics is the science of language that deals the study and analysis of the speech sounds
    of languages in terms of articulation, transmission and perception, while Phonology is a
    branch of linguistics that deals with useful sounds of a specific language. It studies the ways
    sounds of a language are organized into systems. The two are closely related in that
    without one the other cannot exist. They are use in language development, mostly in the
    development of a language orthography, transcription and establishment of contrastive
    units in languages.
    There a very close relationship between Phonetics and Phonology. Phonetics is the
    minimum level in language in the hierarchy of language analysis. It is general in that no
    language can lay claims to it. It contains the useful and the useless sounds of languages. It is
    these useful and useless sounds of the language that constitute the raw materials in which
    Phonology needs to build on.
    Thus, Phonology is a branch of linguistics that deals with useful sounds of a specific
    language. It studies the ways sounds of a language are organized into systems.
    The relationship between Phonetic and Phonology is that in the hierarchy of language
    studies, Phonetics comes first and it followed by Phonology. Secondly, Phonetics produces
    the raw materials which phonology builds on. Without Phonetics there will be no
    phonology, phonology cannot be studied without phonetics.

    You might also like