Worksheet-G12-Chemistry-22 1+22 2+22 3+22 4
Worksheet-G12-Chemistry-22 1+22 2+22 3+22 4
Worksheet-G12-Chemistry-22 1+22 2+22 3+22 4
CHAPTER 22 REVIEW
Organic Chemistry
Teacher Notes and Answers
7.
Chapter 22
SECTION 1
SHORT ANSWER 8.
1. carbonates and oxides
2. c
3. Free rotation around the single bond
between the carbon atoms will allow both of SECTION 2
these configurations to occur with the same SHORT ANSWER
molecule. 1. a
4. a. Answers will vary. 2. c
3. b
4. a hydrocarbon in which each carbon atom
forms four single covalent bonds with
other atoms
5. Each nonterminal carbon atom within the
hydrocarbon chain bonds with two
hydrogen atoms. The two terminal carbon
atoms on the chain bond with an
additional hydrogen atom each to complete
carbon’s four covalent bonds.
b. Answers will vary. 6. There are no terminal carbon atoms
requiring a third hydrogen in a cycloalkane.
7. a. 3,4-diethylhexane
b. 3-ethyl-3-methylpentane
5. Answers will vary: any long hydrocarbon c. 2, 5, 6-trimethyloctane
will do.
8. a.
6. b.
c.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Chemistry 1 Matter and Change
Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
SECTION 3 SECTION 4
SHORT ANSWER SHORT ANSWER
1. d, f, a, b, c, e 1. a. c
2. Glycerol is an alcohol containing three b. a
hydroxyl groups. This structure allows it to c. d
form multiple hydrogen bonds with water. d. b
Thus, glycerol functions as a moisturizer 2. a. high
in skin care products. b. high
3. fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine c. Yes
4. The difference is the location of the 3. a. addition
carbonyl group. In aldehydes, the carbonyl b. substitution
group is attached to a carbon atom at the end c. unsaturated
of a carbon-atom chain. In ketones, 4. a. 1
the carbonyl group is attached to carbon b. 2C6H12O6 C12H22O11 + H2O
atoms within the chain. 5. a.
5. acetic acid
6. Esters are derivatives of carboxylic acids
because of their structural similarity. The
hydrogen atom of the acid’s hydroxyl group
is replaced by an alkyl group in esters. b. 1,2-dibromobutane
7. a. 6. a. natural
b. synthetic
c. natural
7. a. high-density polyethylene; rigid plastic
bottles
b. low-density polyethylene; plastic
b.
shopping bags
c. cross-linked polyethylene; plastic crates
8. There must be a double or triple bond onto
which an adjoining CH2 group can add.
An alkane has all single bonds.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Chemistry 2 Organic Chemistry
Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
CHAPTER 22 REVIEW
Organic Chemistry
SECTION 1
SHORT ANSWER Answer the following questions in the space provided.
1. Name two types of carbon-containing molecules that are not organic.
_______________________________________________________________
2. _____ Carbon atoms form bonds readily with atoms of
(a) elements other than carbon. (c) both carbon and other elements.
(b) carbon only. (d) only neutral elements.
3. Explain why the following two molecules are not geometric isomers of one
another.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
4. a. In the space below, draw the structural formulas for two structural isomers
with the same molecular formula.
b. In the space below, draw the structural formulas for two geometric isomers
with the same molecular formula.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Chemistry 3 Organic Chemistry
Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
SECTION 1 continued
5. Draw a structural formula that demonstrates the catenation of the methane
molecule, CH4.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Chemistry 4 Organic Chemistry
Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
CHAPTER 22 REVIEW
Organic Chemistry
SECTION 2
SHORT ANSWER Answer the following questions in the space provided.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Chemistry 5 Organic Chemistry
Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
SECTION 2 continued
7. Write the IUPAC name for the following structural formulas:
__________________ a.
__________________ b.
__________________ c.
b. 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylbenzene
c. 5, 6-dimethyl-2-heptyne
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Chemistry 6 Organic Chemistry
Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
CHAPTER 22 REVIEW
Organic Chemistry
SECTION 3
SHORT ANSWER Answer the following questions in the space provided.
1. Match the structural formulas on the right to the family name on the left.
______ ketone
______ carboxylic
acid (b) (e)
______ amine
______ ester
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Chemistry 7 Organic Chemistry
Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
SECTION 3 continued
5. ___________________ Which is the weaker acid, acetic acid or sulfuric
acid?
6. Explain why esters are considered derivatives of carboxylic acids.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
7. Draw structural formulas for the following compounds:
a. 1-butanol
b. dichlorodifluoromethane
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Modern Chemistry 8 Organic Chemistry
Name:______________________________Class: _________________ Date: _________________
CHAPTER 22 REVIEW
Organic Chemistry
SECTION 4
SHORT ANSWER Answer the following questions in the space provided.
1. Match the reaction type on the left to its description on the right.
SECTION 4 continued
4. Two molecules of glucose, C6H12O6, undergo a condensation reaction to form
one molecule of sucrose, C12H22O11.
_____ a. How many molecules of water are formed during this condensation
reaction?
b. Write a balanced chemical equation for this condensation reaction.
_______________________________________________________________
5. Addition reactions with halogens tend to proceed rapidly and easily, with the
two halogen atoms bonding to the carbon atoms connected by the multiple
bond. Thus, only one isomeric product forms.
a. Write an equation showing the structural formulas for the reaction of Br2
with 1-butene.