CSC 101

Introduction to Computing

Lecture 08

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 Objectives Overview

Explain how the

Differentiate among the
Identify the four operating system and
seven forms through
categories of utility programs work
which software is
application software with application
available
software

Identify the key

Describe characteristics
features of widely used
of a user interface
business programs

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 Application Software
 Application software consists of programs
designed to make users more productive
and/or assist with personal tasks

To make business activities more efficient

To assist with graphics and multimedia projects

To support home, personal, and educational tasks

To facilitate communications

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Categories of Application Software

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 Application Software
 Available in a variety of forms:

Packaged Custom Web

software software application

Open source
Shareware Freeware
software

Public-domain
software

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 Packaged Software
 Also called commercial software
 Software that must be purchased
 Copyrighted retail software that meets the needs
of a wide variety of users, not just a single user or
company
 is an application that performs only one type of
task, such as a word processing program, a
graphics program, or an e-mail program
 might have many tools and features, but it
basically focuses on one type of task or a range of
related tasks.
 Packaged software is available in retail stores or
on the Web.
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 Custom Software
 Also called stand alone software
 Performs functions specific to a business or
industry
 Solves one type of problem
 Sometimes a company cannot find packaged
software that meets its unique requirements
 In this case, the company may use
programmers to develop tailor-made custom
software
 Usually costs more than packaged software.
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 Web Application
 A Web site that allows users to access and
interact with software from any computer or
device that is connected to the Internet
 Many Web sites provide free access to their
programs
 Some charge a fee
 Types of Web applications include e-mail, word
processing, tax preparation, and game
programs.

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 Open Source
 Programs distributed for use with source code
 Allows users to modify the software and
redistribution
 Software has no restrictions from the copyright
holder regarding modification of the software’s
internal instructions and its redistribution.
 Source code is available in editable formats, as
are the many development libraries that are
used to create applications
 Modifications and comments are welcome
 Linux and OpenOffice 9
 Open Office
 OpenOftce.org is an open-source application
suite that runs on many different platforms. It is
available for free and used by about 16 million
people worldwide.

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 Shareware
 Gets its name from the fact that its developers
encourage users to share it with one another and
to try out the software before purchasing it
 Distributed free for trial period
 Try before you buy
 Typically, the user is allowed a certain number of
days to work with the software before registering
and/or paying for it
 May deactivate if not purchased
 In some cases, a scaled-down version of the
software is distributed free, and payment entitles
the user to the fully functional product.
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 Freeware
 Close cousin to shareware
 Copyrighted software provided at no cost by an
individual or a company that retains all rights to
the software.
 No obligation to purchase
 Donations often accepted
 Software may be distributed freely
 If you use shareware or freeware programs,
you must abide by the terms of a license that
prohibits you from making changes to the
software or selling it to someone else.
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 Public Domain
 Freeware with no copyright restrictions
 Donated for public use and has no copyright
restrictions. Anyone can copy or distribute
public-domain software to others at no cost
 No compensation is usually expected and the
source code is free for anyone to use for any
purpose whatever.

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 Software Suite
 A software suite is a collection of individual programs
available together as a unit
 Integrated tools that work together
 Solve many problems
 Lower cost and ease of use
 Software programs that are very commonly used—
such as word processing software, spreadsheets,
Web-authoring tools, and e-mail programs—are often
packaged together and sold as software suites.
 A software suite is a set of carefully integrated tools
that are designed to work together seamlessly
 Examples include the popular Microsoft Office family
of products—Word, Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint,
Access—as well as more special-purpose suites, like
the Corel family of graphics software
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 Software Suite
 An excellent example is to create a letter in Word. Then in
Excel, create a simple spreadsheet.
 Link the spreadsheet into the letter. Arrange both products on
the screen. Change the spreadsheet and the letter should
update automatically.

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Installation, Registration and Activation
 After you purchase or download software, you install
it.
 During installation, the program may ask you to
register and/or activate the software
 Registering the software is optional and usually
involves submitting your name and other personal
information to the software manufacturer or developer
 Registering the software often entitles you to product
support.
 Product activation is a technique that some software
manufacturers use to ensure the software is not
installed on more computers than legally licensed
 Registering and/or activating the software also usually
entitles you to free program updates for a specified
time period, such as a year
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 System Software
 System software serves as the interface
between the user, the application software, and
the computer’s hardware
 Programs that control the operations of the
computer
 Utility programs

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Application Software

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 Window
 A rectangular area of the screen that displays a
program, data, and/or information
 Title Bar, Status bar, Menu, Icon, Scroll Bar

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 Dialog box
 A special window that provides information,
presents available options, or requests a response
 Dialog boxes, often contain option buttons, text
boxes, check boxes, and command buttons

Clicking the Print

button in the dialog
box instructs the
computer to print
the photo

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 Business Software
 Business software is application software that
assists people in becoming more effective and
efficient while performing business activities
Word
Spreadsheet Database Presentation
Processing

Personal Business Business

Note taking information software for software
manager phones suites

Enterprise
Project Document
Accounting computing
management management
software

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Popular Business Programs

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 Word Processing Software
 provides tools for
creating all kinds of text-
based documents
 allows users to create
and manipulate
documents
 Clip art is a collection of
electronic drawings,
photos, and other
images that you can
insert in documents
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 Developing a Text Document
 A major advantage of using word processing
software is that users easily can change what
they have written

Edit a
• Enter text and document • Change appearance
numbers • Font
• Make changes to
• Insert images existing content • Font size
• Perform other tasks • Inserting, deleting,
cutting, copying, and
Create a pasting Format a
document document

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 Word Processor Features
 Creates text documents
 Graphics and other objects are supported
 Professional quality can be achieved
 Can enhance documents in other ways by
embedding sounds, video dips, and animations
into them
 Can link different documents together—e.g. link a
chart from a spreadsheet into a word processing
report
 To create complex documents that update
themselves automatically
 Simple web pages may be created
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 Word Processor Interface
 Document area
 or document window, which is where you view the document
 Menu bar
 displays titles of menus (lists of commands and options)
 Toolbars
 display buttons that represent frequently, used commands
 Rulers
 show you the positions of text, tabs, margins, indents, and
other elements on the page
 Scroll bars
 let you scroll through a document that is too large to fit inside
the document area
 Status bars
 displays information related to your position in the document,
the page count, and the status of keyboard keys
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 Entering and Editing Text
 Text is entered by typing
 Cursor indicates position
 Blocks of text can be manipulated
 Most other programs include text tools

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 Font
 A name assigned to a specific design of
characters
 Font size indicates the size of the characters in a
particular font in points (a single point is about
1/72 of an inch in height)
 Font style adds emphasis to a font such as bold,
italic, and underline

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 Formatting Text
 Controls the document’s appearance
 Character formatting tools
 Fonts
 Type style
 Paragraph formatting tools
 Line and paragraph spacing
 Indents, alignment, tabs, borders or shading
 Document formatting tools
 Page Margins, Orientation, Page size
 Headers and footers, Breaks, Hyphenation
 Columns
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 Additional Word Processing Features
 Additional word processing features include

Grammar
AutoCorrect AutoFormat Collaboration Columns
Checker

Reading
Ink Input Macros Mail Merge Research
Layout

Search and
Smart Tags Tables Templates Thesaurus
Replace

Tracking Voice Web Page

Changes Recognition Development

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Additional Word Processing Features

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 Spreadsheet Software
 Allows users to organize data in rows and columns
and perform calculations and recalculates when data
changes
 Columns
identified by
letters
 Rows
identified by
numbers
 A cell is the
intersection of
a column and
row

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 Spreadsheet Programs Interface
 Rows and columns collectively are called a
worksheet
 Cells can contain four types of data:
 labels, values, dates and formulas.
 Calculates numbers and finances
 Data viewable in many ways
 Tables
 Graphs
 Complex calculations can be automated
 Cells also can hold graphics, audio files, and
video or animation files. 33
 Spreadsheet Formula and Function
 A function is a predefined formula that
performs common calculations
=C4+C5+C6+C7+C8
=SUM(C4:C8)

FV NPV PMT PV RATE DATE

NOW TIME ABS INT LN LOG

ROUND SQRT SUM AVERAGE COUNT MAX

MIN STDEV IF
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Formula and Functions

= A1+B2 (*C12) = D1+E2 (*F12)

= SUM (C12:Y12)

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 Charting
 Depicts data in a spreadsheet in graphical form
 A visual representation of data through charts often
makes it easier for users to see at a glance the
relationship among the numbers

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 Database Software
 A database is a collection of data organized in a
manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that
data
 Database software allows users to create, access, and
manage a database

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 Database
 A table contains records
 A record is a row in a table that contains
information about a given person, product, or
event
 A field is a column in a table that contains a
specific piece of information within a record
 Extraction of information from a database
 Run queries to retrieve data
 query is a request for specific data from the database
 Can be sent as a report to the printer or present it in
a window on the screen
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 Presentation Software
 Allows users to create visual aids
for presentations to communicate
ideas, messages, and other
information to a group
 Sometimes called a slide show
 Creates slides or transparencies
 Complete set is a presentation
 Enhances a speech or lecture
 Color and animation enhance the
slides
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Presentation Software Example

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 Presentation Programs Interface
 Similar to a word processor
 Displays a slide in a large document window
(Slide window) and provides tools for
designing and editing slides
 Can add elements to the slide simply by typing,
making menu or toolbar choices, and dragging
 presentation can contain a single slide or
hundreds
 Outline window
 Speaker notes
 Slide shows 41
 Creating a Presentation
 Templates can simplify the process
 Build the slides
 Pick a layout
 Enter the desired text
 Apply special formatting
 Continue adding slides in order
 Apply slide transitions if desired
 can view or print a finished presentation in a
variety of formats, including an outline of text
from each slide, audience handouts that show
completed slides, and speaker notes for each
slide
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 Presenting Slide Shows
 Use to enhance a speech
 Mouse click advances to next slide
 Physical transparencies on an overhead
 Computer screen delivery
 Large monitor delivery
 Data projector

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 Summary
 Application software and its categories
 Forms of Application Software
 Packaged, Custom, web Application, Open Source
 Shareware, Freeware, Public domain, S/W suites
 System software
 Business Software
 Word Processing Software
 Features, Interface, Formatting text and others
 Spreadsheet Software
 Interface, formula and function, charting
 Presentation Software 44