NOTES - CH 7 Ionic and Metallic Bonds - NEW - Slideshow
NOTES - CH 7 Ionic and Metallic Bonds - NEW - Slideshow
NOTES - CH 7 Ionic and Metallic Bonds - NEW - Slideshow
Bonding (CH 7)
Valence Electrons:
RECALL…
Examples:
● Group 1 elements (Na, K, Li, H): 1 valence e-.
● Group 2 elements (Mg, Ca, Be): 2 valence e-.
● Group 17 (7A) elements (Cl, F, Br): 7 valence e-.
OCTET RULE:
and RECALL…
● Octet rule: atoms react by changing the
number of electrons so as to acquire the
stable electron structure of a noble gas.
OCTET RULE:
● Atoms of METALS obey this rule by losing electrons.
Na: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
Na+:
CATIONS:
● IONIC BONDS:
-metal plus a nonmetal
-cations plus anions
-opposite charges attract
● Examples:
Na+ and Cl- form NaCl
Al3+ and Br- form AlBr3
IONIC BONDS:
● Anions and cations have opposite charges
● Ionic compounds are electrically neutral
groups of ions joined together by
electrostatic forces. (also known as salts)
the positive charges of the cations must
EQUAL the negative charges of the
anions.
we can use electron dot structures to
predict the ratios in which different cations
and anions will combine.
Examples of Ionic Bonds:
Na Cl Na+Cl- = NaCl
Al Br Al3+Br- = AlBr3
K O K+O2- = K2O
Mg N Mg2+N3- = Mg3N2
K P K+P3- = K3P
Properties of Ionic Compounds