After reading the poem :

We should give three things:

1.General meaning.
2.Detailed meaning.
3.The writer's intention.

1. General meaning : To give the meaning as a whole without

focusing an certain words, expressions or ideas.
2.Detailed meaning : To give the meaning of each line or
stanza.
3.The writer's intention : What feelings the poet is trying to a
rous with reader. However this may differ from a reader to a
nother.

*You can enjoy a poem without fully understanding its

meaning.
*In reading poetry there are two goods : A- Enjoyment B-
Appreciation
*The first step in reading a poem is to understand its
meaning, then you can discuss its meaning.

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 THE sick ROSE
BY : WILLIAM BLAKE
Howling : crying out as if in pain

Crimson : deep red.

*A single poem may have differents meanings for different readers with the
expption of some simple and obvious poems.

*What are the three important rules that should be observed in order to
understand a poem.

1.Do not read lazily so that you misread the poem altogether.

2.Always look for simple explanation and do not be a fraid to express it.

3.As far as you can, avoid putting your ideas and feeling into the poem.
Examine closely what the poet has actually written.

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BREAK, BREAK, BREAK

BY : Alfred lord Tennyson.

I would : I wish

O well : it is well

Stately : dignified

Haven : harbour

Crags : steep rocks.

Analysis :

IF we read the poem lazily and carelessly it might be taken to be simply about
the sea.

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 1
THE POEM : SICK ROSE
BY : WILLIAM BLAKE

O rose, thou art scik!

The invisible worm
That flies in the night,
In the howling strom
Has found out thy bed
Of crimson joy
And his dark secret love
Does thy life destroy
The poem starts with apostrophe. The surface meaning
is a worm that can effect the beauty of the rose.
The deep meaning is understood throught the
extended metaphor. The rose can stand for purity,
innocence in addition to beauty. The rose is a beautiful
virgin. The worm comes to be every thing which
corrupts purity. The howling strom reprents.

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 2
THE POEM : BREAK, BREAK, BREAK
BY : ALFRED, LORD TENNYSON

1
BREAK, BREAK, BREAK

On thy cold grey stones O sea!

And I would that my tongue could utter

The thoughts that arise in me.

2
O well for the fisherman's boy,

That he shouts with his sister at play!

O well for the sailor lad,

That he sings in his boat on the bay!

3
And the stately ships go on

To their haven under the hill;

But O for the touch of avanish'd hand,

And the sound of avoice that is still!

4
BREAK, BREAK, BREAK

At the foot thy crags, O sea!

But the tender grace of a day that is dead

Will never come back to me.

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 The poem is divided into four stanzas. In the first two
stanzas there in mood of happiness. This mood is
expressed through the image of a fisherman's boy and
a soilor's.
They are playing , shouting and happy.
The second part represented by third and fourth
stanzas experess sadness and melancholy. This mood is
expressed throught the vanished had , still voice and
the dead day (past). It is an obvious sense of nostalgie.
So , the whole meaning of the poem is loased on
contrast.

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 3
THE POEM : LUCY
BY : WILLIAM WORDSWORTH

She dwelt among the untrodden ways

Beside the springs of Dove,

A Maid whom there were none to praise

And very few to love:

A violet by a mossy stone

Half hidden from the eye!

Fair as a star, when only one

Is shining in the sky.

She lived unknown, and few could know

When Lucy ceased to be;

But she is in her grave, and, oh,

The difference to me

In this poem the poet describes a gril whose name is lucy. He says
that she lived in a few isolated place. Only few could know her. She
is very beautiful He compares her to a violet. Finally, the poet says
that she is dead now and he feels sorry for that.

There are two sense devices

*Metaphor : A violet by a mossy stone.

*Simile : Fair as a star

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 STRUTURAL DEVICES
1
Contrast : This is one of the most common of all
structural devices. It occurs when we find two
completely opposite pictures by side.
Example 1.burst :into that silent sea and the
complete lack of motion which immediately.
2.down dropt the breeze.
2
Illustration : this is an example which usually takes the
from of vivid picture by which a poet may make an
idea clear.
Example Fishermans boy the sailor lad and the
stately.
3
Repetiotion : poets often repeat single lines or whole
stanzas at intervals to emphasize a particular idea.
Example water,water,every where
And all the boards did shrink
water,water,every where
nor any drop to drink

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 SENSE DEVICES
1
simile : this is adirect comparison and can be
recognized by the use of words like and as
Example 1.as idle as apainted ship
2.upon apainted ocean

2
Metaphor : this is rather like a simile except that the
comparison is not direct but implied the words like and
as are not used.
Example 1.a violet by a mossy stone
2.half hidden from the eye
3
Personification : this occurs when inanimate objects
are given a buman from or when they are made to
speak
Example 1. Personification in almost every line
2.o wid west wind thow breath of
autamn's being

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 SOUND DEVICES
1
Alliteration : is the repilition of the same consonans
sound.
Example The Fair breeze blew, the white foam flew
2
onomatopoeia : mean that the word is like the sound.
Example roar buz barking
3
Rhyme : this usually occurs at line endings in poetry
and consists of words which have the same sound.
4
Assonance : is the repetition of the same vowels
sound.
5
Rhythm : musicality in poetry.
THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN PROSE AND VERSE
COMPARE BETWEEN?
1.Verse is metrical.

2.use of archaic words.

3.departure from the normal order of words.

4.Grammatical licence.

5.Greater use of flgures of speech.

6.Shorter words.

7.Euphony.

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 Kinds of poetry
1.Epic.
2.Narrative.
3.The Balled.
4.The lyric.
a.the ode.
b.Elegy.
c.The song.
d.The sonnet.
5.satiric poetry.
6.Reflective poetry.
7.Descriptive poetry.
8.didactic poetry.
9.pastoral poetry.
10.Allegorical poetry.
11.parody.

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 Define :
1
Narrative : verse which tells a story.
2
Eoic : along narrative poem in elevated style presenting
characters of high position in a series of adventures.
3
The ballad : originally a song accompanied by a dance.
4
Pastoral poetry : a poem about shepherds and other
herdsmen or praise of such a life as they lead.
5
Alleqorical poetry:
6
Parody :
7
Blank verse : blank verse is which does not rhyme usually
written in iambic pentameter.
8
The ode : originally a poem meant to be sung it is a lyric
poem often addressed a person or an abstraction.
9
The Elegy : A mousrnful poem a song of lamentation over
someone dead.
10
The song :
11
The sonnet : a lyric stanze form consisting of fourteen
iambic lines.
12
Descriptive poetry :
13
Didactic poetry : didactic poetry is poetry that is intended
primary to teach a lesson.

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