EMPLOYABILITY STATUS OF BS CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATES OF

GADTC: A TRACER STUDY

A Research Paper Presented to the

Faculty of the Institute of Criminal Justice Education
Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College
Maloro, Tangub City

In Partial fulfillment
Of the requirements for the Degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

Joie P. Tomo
May Lanie A. Torrefranca

December 2021
 ABSTRACT

Higher education institutions strive to develop competent, highly qualified, and fully
prepared graduates who can compete globally. The purpose of this study, "Employability
Status of Criminology Graduates in Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College: A Tracer Study," was
to find out where criminology graduates were. A descriptive-quantitative research design
was used in this study. A research questionnaire was utilized to collect data from a total
of 104 graduates who participated in the study. The data revealed among the 104
respondents contacted, 85.58 percent are now working, and 1.92 percent are unemployed,
and 12.50 percent have never worked. In addition, 82.02% of all employed are
permanent, while 16 or 17.91% are temporary, and 42, or 47.19%, of employed graduates
started got their jobs three years beyond. Lastly, 77 respondents passed the Criminology
Licensure Examination, Civil Service, and NAPOLCOM. The GADTC school should
continue to improve and elevate criminology education while also meeting the demands
of students by providing necessary equipment and facilities so that they can graduate and
pass the Licensure Examination for Criminologists. Also, the GADTC Criminology Dean
and faculty should continue to reach out to graduates who did not pass the Licensure
Examination of Criminologists and encourage and assist them in taking the board exam
in the hopes of passing and eventually being able to apply for their preferred jobs.

Keywords: Graduate Tracer Study, Employability Status, Criminology Graduates

 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

For almost all of victories and breakthroughs in carrying out this

research, we appreciate and thank God for His guidance, and continual presence,

especially in the hard times that He always saves us. All glory and praise go to

Him.

We would also like to express our heartfelt appreciation and thanks to

everyone who assisted us with our research. These people are:

Dr. Love H. Falloran, Dean of Institute of Criminal Justice Education at

the same time, the chairman of the panel, for her motivation and help. Her

constant engagement and mentoring provided us with the bravery and

determination to complete this study.

 Late Dr. Rogelio Lavina, our research adviser, who was there to guide us

through the process of this paper. Sir Clint Joy M. Quije, our second research

adviser, Sir Jerson P. Alo, our research instructor, and sir Dionesio O. Enguito

Jr. our research editor for their positive and an unending supply of wonderful

words of wisdom that pushed us to continue our research.

Sir Clint Joy M. Quije, our statistician, for being responsive in

suggesting and confirming our interpretations and computations.

Dr. Aljun C. Pilonggo, and Sir Jay Mar G. Requina for their

responsiveness and active participation in our work during the proposal stage

and for their recommendations which helped to improve our study.

The alumni graduates for their cooperation, unending patience and

understanding to us.

Our parents for their tremendous financial help, unwavering and loving

support
 DEDICATION

We dedicate our study to our family and numerous friends. We are very

grateful to our beloved parents, Mr. and Mrs. Pedrito B. Torrefranca and Mr. and

Mrs. Noel T.Tomo, for their words of support and drive for perseverance. To our

friends Louel Jay B. Cabanday, May Ann Joy Ramos, Cherry Fe Reyes, Tess

Lapinig, Chennie Tumapon, our college companions, and many more who have

never abandoned our side and are very dear to us.

We will be eternally grateful for everything they have done for us,

especially to Late Dr. Rogelio Lavina and to Sir Clint Joy M. Quije for their

assistance in developing our confidence., Sir Dionesio O. Enguito Jr., for his

many hours of editing and proofreading our paper. We dedicate this study to our
dearest friends and loved ones, who have been there for us during the entire trip.

You've all been our best mentors and advisers.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

TITLE PAGE i

APPROVAL SHEET ii

ABSTRACT iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT iv

DEDICATION vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS vii

LIST OF TABLES x

LIST OF FIGURES xi

LIST OF APPENDICES xii

Chapter
1. THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Background of the Study 1

Theoretical Framework 4

Schematic Diagram of the Study 8

Statement of the Problem 9

Significance of the Study 10

Scope and Limitation of the Study 10

Research Methodology 11

Research Design 11

Research Participants 11

Research Setting 11

Validating Questionnaire 12

Research Instrument 12

Data Gathering Procedure 12

Data Analysis 13

Definition of Terms 14

2 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

TABLE 1 12

TABLE 2 15

TABLE 3 16

TABLE 4 17

TABLE 5 17

TABLE 6 19
 TABLE 7 20

TABLE 8 21

TABLE 9 22

TABLE 10 23

TABLE 11 24

TABLE 12 25

TABLE 13

3 SUMMARY, OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION,

RECOMMENDATIONS AND ENRICHMENT PROGRAM

Summary of Findings 27

Conclusion 28

Recommendations 29

REFERENCES 30

APPENDICES A 35

APPENDICES B 37

APPENDICES C 43

CURRICULUM VITAE 47
 LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1 Distribution of Respondents 12

2 Profile of the Respondents in terms of Age 16

3 Profile of the Respondents in terms of Sex 15

4 Profile of the Respondents in terms of Civil Status 17

5 Profile of the Respondents in terms of Eligibility 17

6 Profile of the Respondents in terms of Highest Educational

Attainment 19

7 Present Employment Status of the Respondents 21

8. Employment Status of the Respondents 20

9 Frequency Distribution of Reasons for Choice of Job

22

10. Reasons of Unemployed Respondents 23

11 Respondents’ Waiting period of Landing their First Job

24

12 Frequency Distribution of How did you find the First Job

25

13 Frequency Distribution of whether the Job is Matched

with Earned Degree 26
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

1 Schematic Diagram of the Study 8

 LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Page

A Letter of Permission 35

B Raw Data 37

C Survey Questionnaire 43

C Curriculum Vitae 47
 Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Background of the Study

Criminology or Criminal Justice Education is a 4-year college degree program

intended for individuals who wish to have a career in the fields of law enforcement,

criminal justice administration, crime detection and investigation, juvenile justice

administration, application of forensic science to law enforcement, and correctional

administration. Its goal is to develop leadership, ethics, accountability, and responsibility

in its members while also helping their communities and country. The goal of this tracer

study is to collect vital information on graduates. It involves conducting a survey of

graduates to determine how they feel about their degree experiences and transition to the

employment market. The Graduates survey gives comprehensive information about

where graduates are now, which may be useful in broadening viewpoints among

administrators, staff, and students.

Employability status indicates that a person has a permanent job, is in a job, or is

in a permanent job with required skills. According to Ballon (2007), a graduate who quits

the safe haven of school seeks out the greatest career opportunities available in the labor

market. However, a job seeker's desire for the greatest job is hampered by a lack of

essential job-related skills, experience, poor communication and social skills, and other

factors. Graduates' employability can be predicted by skills obtained in college, job

search methods, and criteria connected to career choice. Graduate-related characteristics

that predict graduates' employability include age, civil status, location of origin, and

educational attainment. When it comes to finding work, young graduates with skills in
human relations, communications, and information technology have an advantage.

Graduates who have been recommended by someone and have a great interest in the field

are hired right away. In her study, Negro (2008) found that only 67 out of 158

respondents were employed. There were 22 permanent employees, and the remaining

were on a temporary or contract basis. Furthermore, employed respondents were found to

have gotten their positions as walk-in candidates, while others had been suggested by

influential people or had political connections. Furthermore, it demonstrates that

research, communication, and problem-solving skills were applicable to their current

work as PNP members and credit investigators. The main causes of unemployment were

a lack of professional eligibility, a lack of job openings in their field of specialization, a

lack of political ties, and poor communication skills. In the Maratas study, criminology

graduates of Jose Rizal Memorial State University Main Campus, Dapitan City, were

traced from SY 2010–2011 to SY 2013–2014, with 77 samples chosen at random.

Furthermore, only a few acknowledged continuing their education after completing their

baccalaureate degree. They sought additional education for a variety of reasons, including

promotions and professional advancement. During the interview, more than half of the

graduates were unemployed or laid off, and the majority had not taken and passed the

license exam. They did not seek work after graduation, which is one of the reasons they

remain unemployed. When it comes to skills that are most beneficial in their current

profession, the majority of graduates said that human relations are the most useful. The

majority of hired graduates find work in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, usually on

a contract basis, with an average waiting time of less than six (6) months. Several of them

worked as security guards or part-time employees in various businesses.

 Graduates are under pressure to compete for jobs as the population of young

graduates grows, but in the field of law enforcement, a criminology graduate who has

passed the Criminology Licensure Examination is in high demand. Despite this,

criminology graduates may find themselves in jobs that are unrelated to the course that

has molded, prepared, and enhanced their abilities. As a result, the researchers conducted

this tracer study for a variety of reasons. There are a variety of reasons why many

criminology graduates are unable to find work in the field of their choice; some are

unemployed, self-employed, or underemployed, which we cannot confirm at this time.

However, graduates may have difficulty being hired in the PNP, which is under the

administrative control of the National Police Commission (NAPOLCOM) because of the

general qualifications for appointment, which include: citizenship; physical ability; a

formal baccalaureate degree; and eligibility set by the commission; having never been

dishonorably discharged from military service; having never been convicted of an offense

or crime; and having never been dishonorably discharged from military service, as well

as prerequisites for age, height, and weight. All of these things could play roles in

preventing criminologists from joining law enforcement agencies.

This tracer research was undertaken to determine or explore the current job

positions of criminology graduates in Maloro, Tangub City, in order to provide feedback

to the school on the employment status of GADTC criminology graduates. So, this

"tracer" study was an assessment tool in which researchers traced back criminology

graduates from 2012 to 2015 in order to determine their status, whether they are

employed or not, and have eligibility for this year's study. This would also give the
school feedback on whether the graduates left the institution with the appropriate

information, skills, abilities, values, and traits to face life's obstacles in finding work and

competing, particularly with the National and International Bureaus.

Theoretical Framework

This research is based on John Holland's Career Choice Theory (1959), which

claims that when someone picks a career, he/she hunt for jobs where he/she can meet

individuals who share similar or common interests. He or she seeks an environment in

which he or she may display his or her finest assets, abilities, and skills while also being

the best person possible. The six personality types defined by Holland's thesis are

realistic, investigative, artistic, sociable, enterprising, and conventional. People are

considered to fall into one of these categories (Marini, 2009). According to John

Hollands' profession choice theory, people's vocational choices may be anticipated and

understood by identifying their personality types and modeling their settings, and then

pairing the personality types and environments. In summary, this indicates that people are

drawn to occupations that satisfy them and match their particular demands, but only when

their personality types and model settings interact. A realistic person loves activities in

which he/she is certain of what is true and possible in a particular circumstance, and

when problems arise, he/she can deal with them in a practical and successful manner.

This personality type, on the other hand, may dislike therapeutic and educational

activities. The investigative personality prefers to engage in activities that include

observation and creative inquiry of physical, cultural, and biological events in order to

comprehend and control them. The artistic personality prefers activities that involve
manipulating physical, verbal, or human resources to create art forms or goods and

dislikes activities that are explicit, systematic, or ordered. With an aversion to explicit,

structured, systematic activities requiring materials, tools, or machines, the social type

prefers occupations that involve manipulating others to inform, train, develop, cure, or

enlighten. The enterprising personality prefers it. An aversion to observational, symbolic,

and methodical activities, prefers actions involving manipulating others to achieve

organizational or economic goals. And the conventional type prefers activities that

involve the explicit, ordered, or systematic manipulation of data, such as keeping records,

filling materials, reproducing materials, organizing written and numerical data according

to a prescribed plan, and operating business machines and data processing machines to

achieve organizational or economic goals while avoiding ambiguous, free, exploratory, or

unsystematized activities (Brown & Lent, 2005). As a result, career decisions are

influenced by ongoing learning experiences. It is thought to be a never-ending process

that is influenced by ongoing learning experiences. It also implies the utilization of a

natural talent to do or learn something (Capuzzi & Stauffer, 2012).

According to Amparado (2014), the majority of the respondents were employed, either

on a regular or permanent basis. Graduates might be found working in the private sector.

Some were hired within a year after graduation, and the majority of their jobs are related

to the curriculum. Graduates who were unemployed cited health or family issues as

reasons for their unemployment. They attempted but failed to join the police force. When

it comes to employable skills, the great majority are skilled at disassembling and

assembling firearms, as well as collecting, preserving, and handling evidence. Graduates

struggled to formulate investigation-related inquiries. When it comes to interpersonal

skills, the majority of people indicate they are adaptable and can successfully adapt to

changing events and environments. Employability abilities, according to Robinsons

(2000), are the fundamental prerequisites for obtaining, maintaining, and excelling in a

job. These are the abilities, attitudes, and behaviors that allow employees to get along

with their coworkers and supervisors as well as make sound, critical decisions.

Discovering and developing talents while still in college should be considered to better

prepare students for their future profession; technical skills, interpersonal skills, and

conceptual skills are frequently deemed significant. The foundation of fundamental skills,

motivation, ability, and acquired skills is what determines employability. Graduates

confront the issue of finding work immediately following graduation. According to

Plantilla (2017), it is critical that they have acquired the best information, abilities, and

skills in their field of specialization. The competency of an educational institution's

graduates, as well as the information and skills that the graduates have gained and can

apply in the workplace, can be used to assess the efficiency of an educational program

delivered by the institution. The knowledge and skills that the graduates possessed might

be determined based on comments on their performance from their employers. The best

way to assess the success of any educational program is to look at how well graduates

implement their university-acquired knowledge and abilities in the workplace.

A tracer study is an evaluation tool in which the impact on target groups is traced

down to specific pieces of a project or program, allowing for the identification of

effective and ineffective project components (International Labor Organization Thesaurus

2005). Because its target population is former students, the tracer study is also known as

a graduate or alumni survey in educational research. Graduate tracer studies have proven
to be an efficient tool for obtaining accurate and timely inputs with the aim of ensuring

that the human capital created by higher education institutions is always relevant and

capable of meeting changing labor market demand (Nordin & Tinggi, 2006. The quality

of graduates reflects not only the quality of the curriculum and supporting academic

environment, but also the quality of the graduates themselves. It also reflects the demands

of industry in defining higher education's qualities. Graduate tracer studies, according to

Schomburg (2003), would acquire information on the kinds of graduates who are most

employable, who have academic experiences and competences developed that are most

valuable in the workplace, and the graduates' own academic backgrounds. Graduate

tracer study is a method and typical research that researchers can use to keep track of

graduates' employment and destinations.

Criminology Graduates Employment Status

Figure 1: Schematic Diagram of the study

 Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to trace the BS Criminology graduates from batches 2012-2015.

This further determined the employability status of the said graduates.

Specifically, this sought answers to the following:

1. What is the profile of BS Criminology graduates from batches 2012 – 2015 in

terms of the following:

1.1 Sex;

1.2 Age;

1.3 Civil Status;

1.4 Eligibility; and

1.5 Highest Educational Attainment?

2. What is the present Employment Status of the Respondents?

3. What is the employability status of BS Criminology graduates of GADTC?

4. For the employed, what are the reasons of their choice of the job?

5. For the unemployed, what are the reasons, of the unemployment of the

graduates?

6. How long did it take for criminology graduates to land on their first jobs?

7. How do they find their first job?

8. Is your job matched with your degree?

Significance of the study

One important way to know the employability status of criminology graduates

from GADTC is to keep track of them, to find whether they are employed or unemployed

in the occupation they are trained for. So, the following will benefit from this study,

based on the perspective of the researchers.

Dean and instructors. The Dean and instructors may use this result of the study

to measure the quality and relevance of what they have been teaching. It

will give them motivation or inspiration to teach more and impart their

knowledge to their future criminology students.

School. This study can provide timely feedback to the college on the employment

status of its graduates.

Parents. The information resulting from this study can help parents become

aware of why their children are employed or unemployed.

Criminology students. The result of this study will inform them how many

criminology graduates are employed in various law enforcement agencies,

unemployed, or employed but not related to the course they graduated

from.

Researchers. The researchers can use or benefit from this study because the

statistical tool, the findings, and the conclusion of this study will help

them in their research when conducting related studies in the future.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

This research determined the job status of criminology graduates from Gov.

Alfonso D. Tan College from 2012 to 2015, focusing on tracing to determine, to evaluate,

and to identify their employment status. It was limited to the 104 people contacted by the

researchers and were willing to engage in the survey.

Research Methods

This section discusses the research design, research setting, research respondents,

research instruments, instrument validity, data gathering procedure, and data analysis

used in this study.

Research Design. To determine or identify the job status of graduates in the years

2012-2015, the researchers used a descriptive-quantitative research

approach with the help of a checklist questionnaire. The age, status,

gender, and current address of respondents were all determined in this

study. In the study of Paler et al. (2021) he study approach was considered

suitable since the objective was to track graduate’s associated employment

characteristics and examine the relevance of the graduates acquired skills,

competence, and values, as well as the university’s curriculum program on

their employment.
Research Setting. The study was conducted at any possible present address of the

respondents who graduated from Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College located at

Barangay Maloro, Tangub City, Misamis Occidental.

Research Respondents. The respondents of the study were the BS Criminology

graduates of GADTC in the years 2012 to 2015. There were 187 graduates

based on the list of names of graduates from the Registrar’s Office;

however, only 104 graduates responded to the questionnaire, and were

considered the respondents. They were chosen conveniently based on their

availability and the possibility of reaching them. The distribution of the

respondents is shown below:

Table 1. Distribution of Respondents

Year Graduated Population Size Sample Size

2012 29 19
2013 28 15
2014 75 46
2015 55 24
Total 187 104

Research Instrument. Based on the problem statement, the researchers used an

adaptive questionnaire guide to collect all the necessary data from the

respondents. This is taken from the Cabanas & Gamotin (2019) paper

titled "Gov. A Tracer Study of Alfonso D. Tan College Bachelor of Arts in

Political Science Graduates."

Instrument Validity. The research adviser, together with the research editor,

statistician, and panel members, checked the adopted questionnaire to

avoid errors and to strengthen the validity of the instrument. Suggestions

and comments were integrated into the questionnaire prior to its

distribution.

Data Gathering Procedure. This research focused on determining the

"employment status of criminology graduates of GADTC." The

researchers sent a letter to the Dean of the Institute of Criminal Justice

Education and the Vice President of Academic Affairs to ask permission

to conduct the study. After it was granted, the researchers approached the

respondents individually and introduced them and stated the purpose of

the study. The researchers then secured a letter of consent signed by the

respondents. After that, the researchers distributed the questionnaire to the

respondents. After answering, the researchers collected the questionnaire

from the respondents for the tallying of the data gathered.

Data Analysis. The researchers quantitatively analyzed and summarized the

gathered data using frequency count and percent. These were used in

getting the number of respondents that belong to a category and in finding

the percent of the total respondents. These two were used to easily

interpret the gathered data. The summarized data were presented using

tables. According to the study of Paler et al. (2021) the study's approach

was considered suitable since the objective was to track graduates

associated employment characteristics and examine the relevance of the

 graduates' acquired skills, competence, and values, as well as the

university's curriculum program on their employment.

Definition of terms

The following are defined in order for the reader to better understand the study:

Criminologists. It refers to persons who graduated and passed the criminology

licensure examination.

Criminology. It refers to the inter body of knowledge regarding crimes and criminals

and the effort of society which repressed and apprehended them or a scientific

study of crimes and criminals.

Employability. It refers to the position of skills and knowledge that allows

individuals to be employed in an occupation, for the fitness for availability of a

job.

Employment status. It refers whether an employee is holding a permanent job or

temporary position.

Unemployed. It refers to the graduates who have no work.

Trace study. It is a survey (written or oral) form of graduates from Criminal Justice

Education, which takes place sometime after graduation or the end of the training

Casual Employee. It is a hired employee as a replacement for permanent full-time

employees who are out on a long -term absences and is paid only for the actual

work time.

Temporary Employee. It is a employed hired who is expected to retain his/her

positions only for a limited period of time and is often hired through third party

employment agency.
 Chapter 2

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of the gathered

data. The discussion follows the order of the specified questions in the statement of the

problem.

Table 2
Profile of the Respondents in terms of Sex
Gender f %
Male 71 68.27%
Female 33 31.73%
Total 104 100%

Table 2 shows the profile of the respondents in terms of gender. Male has the

largest frequency which is 71 or 68.27% of the respondents, while female respondents are

fewer with a frequency of only 33 which constitutes 31.73% of the total respondents.

This simply means that out of those responsive respondents, majority of them were male.

According to Maratas, E.N. (2020) study as to gender, majority of the respondents

(83.12%) were male while few (16.88%) of them were female as shown. The data

showed that female hook interest in the field of serving and protecting the country. The

result provides sufficient evidence to conclude that there is gender equality in the BS

Criminology.
 Table 3
Profile of the Respondents in terms of Age
Age in Years f %
27-28 32 30.77
29-30 50 48.08
31-36 22 21.15
Total 104 100.00

Table 3 reflects the frequency distribution of respondent’s profile in terms of their

age. Graduates with ages 29-30 years old has the highest frequency of 50 which

constitutes 48.08% of the total respondents. However, graduates with ages 31-36 years

old have the lowest frequency of 22 or 21.15% of the total respondents. It simply implies

that most of the graduates with ages 29-30 who participated in this study involve

criminology graduates from batches 2012-2015. According to the study of Eusebio J.

(2017) all the respondents are still in the age bracket of 21 – 30 years old where it implies

that the respondents are still young as they were just graduated from their baccalaureate

degrees.
 Table 4
Profile of the Respondents in terms of Civil Status
Civil Status f %
Single 56 53.85
Married 48 46.15
Total 104 100.00%

Table 4 reveals the Civil Status of all the respondents. It shows that 56 of them

are single which has a percentage of 53.85% while 48 are married and has a percentage

of 46.15%. This means that majority of the respondents are single. According to the of

Amparado (2014) study, show the frequency and percentage of civil status, 69% or 59 are

single and 31% or 27 are married. This indicates that majority is single.

Table 5
Profile of the Respondents in terms of Eligibility
Eligibility f %
Criminology Licensure Examination 64 61.54
Civil Service 2 1.92
NAPOLCOM Passer 11 10.58
None 27 25.97
Total 104 100.00%

Table 5 shows the eligibility of the respondents which indicates that most of them

passed the Criminologist Licensure Examination as it has a frequency of 64. This

constitutes 61.54% of the total respondents. Three (2) of them passed the Civil Service

equivalent to 1.92%, 11 NAPOLCOM passers equivalent to 10.58 and 27 are no passers

equivalent to 25.97% of the total respondents. This implies that most of the graduates

have undergone the examination in order to become licensed criminologists . Eligibilities

resulting from passing the Bar/Board examinations shall be required for appointment to

positions the duties of which constitute the practice of profession regulated by the

Philippine Bar/Board laws. (Provided under Item No. 5, Part V of the Revised Policies on

Qualification Standards). According to study of Ruiz (2014), every year, thousands of

criminology graduates all over the Philippines try their best effort to attend classes to

make sure that they will be able to pass the Criminology Licensure Examination and

become licensed criminologists. The eligibility needed for a criminologist to be qualified

for a law enforcement job like the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP),

Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) and more particularly in the Philippine National Police

(PNP), makes success a hindrance. According to Eusebio J. (2017), the study shows

whether or not graduates have passed the eligibility test after graduation. The majority of

them have passed the Professional Regulation Commission's criminologist licensure

examination. This means that the majority of the graduates have passed the exam to

become licensed criminologists.

 Table 6
Profile of the Respondents in terms of Highest Educational Attainment
Educational Attainment f %
Bachelor’s Degree 104 100.00
Master’s Degree 0 0
Total 104 100.00%

As shown in table 6, all of the respondents hold bachelor’s degree as their highest

educational attainment with a frequency of 104. This constitutes 100% of the

respondents. Meanwhile, based on the responses of 104 respondents, none of them

pursued master’s degree. According to Eusebio J. (2017) study, the vast majority of

respondents (97%) have completed college, with only one pursuing a graduate degree.

This indicates that the majority of respondents have sought work following graduation.

The evidence that a college degree significantly improves one’s employment prospects

and earnings potential is overwhelming. Pellegrino and Hilton (2013) reviewed studies

and concluded that educational attainment is a stronger predictor of labor market success

than measures of cognitive skills, personality traits, and intra-and interpersonal

competencies.
 Table 7
Employability Status of the Respondents
Status f %
Presently Employed 89 85.58
Not Presently 2 1.92
Employed
Never been employed 13 12.50
Total 104 100.00%

Table 7 shows the frequency distribution of employability employment status of

respondents. Gathering the highest frequency of 89 equivalent to 85.58% of the total

graduates are the presently employed. Meanwhile there are 2 equivalents to 1.92 % were

previously employed graduates in 2014 because of family problem and decided not to

find a job, never been employed has a frequency of 13 equivalent to 12.50% of the total

graduates. According to Aydinan, J.J. (2019) study, the survey's findings show that 57.58

percent of the 99 graduate respondents were employed, while 42.42 percent were jobless.

In general, there is a greater ratio of working graduates compared to those who are

jobless. This only means that there is a chance for employment in the criminology course,

especially now that there is a growing demand for security-related jobs in the country,

such as police officers, military personnel, jailers, and firefighters, and this course is in

high demand, especially among graduates who passed the board exam.
 Table 8
Present Employment Status of the Respondents
Employment status f %
Casual 4 4.50
Contractual 9 10.11
Permanent 73 82.02
Temporary 3 3.37
Total 89 100.00%

Table 8 displays the frequency distribution of respondents in terms of present

employment status. It is indicated that 73 respondents are permanently employed

gathering a percentage of 82.02%. Meanwhile, there are also 9 who are contractual

employed equivalent to 10.11%. Graduates who are employed as casual (staff,

employees, salesboy, palawan) are 4 equivalent to 4.50% and temporarily employed, are

3 which is equivalent to 3.37%. It implies that most of the employed graduates have

permanent job as it gives them benefits. According to Maratas, E.N. (2020) study shows

the employment situation of recent grads. Among the employed graduates, the majority

(41.67 percent) are contractual workers, 33.33 percent are regular employees, and 16.67

percent are casual employees. Only 8.33 percent of workers are now on a temporary

basis. And also, according to Thomas (2014), students are acutely aware of the

importance of work experience and internships in helping them gain a job: 93% describes
gaining an internship or work experience as either essential or somewhat important in

helping them secure a job in their preferred sector.

Table 9
Frequency Distribution of Reasons for Choice of Job
Reasons choice of a job f %

Dream job 42 47.19

Salary 20 22.47

Financial Stability 5 5.62

To serve and Protect the Country 13 14.61

Stable Job 7 7.87

To help expenses of family 11 12.36

Opportunity 3 3.37

Course related 1 1.12

Company job hiring 1 1.12

More benefits receive 1 1.12

For experiences 1 1.12

Table 9 shows the frequency distribution of employed respondents’ reason of

choice of job. It was clearly presented that “Dream job” has the highest frequency of 42

or 47.19% of the total employed respondents and 20 or 22.47% choose salary as the

“reason choice of job”. It simply means that the employed Criminology Graduates find

job based on their dream and the salary. According to the Refugia, J.N. (2021) study,
income and perks are the most important factors in deciding whether or not a graduate

accepts or applies for his/her first job after completing the BS Criminology program.

Though money is the most important factor, additional factors include professional

challenge, specific skills relevance, proximity to home, peer/family influence, and course

relevance. This contradicts Greaves's (2020) assertion that a high wage isn't as significant

as it once was, and that being well-paid was the least prevalent motive for choosing a job,

with just 3.6 percent citing it as the primary reason for doing so. They will gain and

broaden experience, there is a support for their mental health and well-being and that they

are well paid.

Table 10
Reasons of Unemployed Respondents
Reasons of Unemployment f %

Did not look for a job 7 46.67

Family concern and decided not to find a job 5 33.33

Health related reason 2 13.33

Lack of work experience 7 46.67

No Job Opportunity 5 33.33

No licensed yet 1 6.67

This table reflects the reasons of unemployment among the unemployed

respondents. “Did not look for a job and Lack of work of experience” has the highest

frequency of 7 equivalent to 46.67% of the unemployed respondents while “family

concern and decided not to find job” and “no job opportunity” has 5 respondents
equivalent to 33.33%. Meanwhile “No license yet” has the lowest frequency of 1

equivalent to 6.67% s. This means that there were a lot of reasons of unemployment

depending on the situation of the graduates. According to the Maratas, E.N. (2020) study,

the majority of jobless graduates (53.66 percent) admitted to not looking for work after

graduation or being laid off during the survey period, as shown. Some graduates (31.71

percent) stated that there were no job opportunities available to them; 9.76 percent stated

that they lacked work experience; and 2.44 percent stated that they had health problems

and that their families were concerned about their inability to find work. This indicates

that the majority of them did not make an effort to obtain work since they are still resting

after four years of education.

Table 11
Number of Years Spent Before Landing on their First Job
Waiting Period f %
Less than a month 1 1.12
1 to 6 months 8 8.99
7-11 months 3 3.37
1 year to less than 2 years 8 8.99
2 years to less than 3 years 27 30.34
3 years and beyond 42 47.19
Total 89 100.00%

Table 11 shows the frequency distribution of the employed respondents’ waiting

period of landing in their first job. It is shown that 3 years beyond has the highest

frequency of 42 or 47.19%. It further shows that 30.34% of the employed respondents

took 2 years or less than 3 years to land in their first job. Based on observation, graduates

who want to pursue permanent jobs choose to review and pass the Criminologist
Licensure Examination before looking for a job. According to Maratas, E.N. (2020)

study, according to the data given, the majority of hired graduates (52.78 percent) had a

wait period of less than six months following graduation. Unfortunately, they are

employed on a contract or on a casual basis by their individual employers. Around 25%

of graduates have a waiting period of between one and two years, while 19.44% have a

waiting time of between six and one year. However, around 2.78 percent of graduates

have a wait period of more than two years. This discovery indicated that most businesses

would not recruit or accept applicants who do not have a valid driver's license.

Table 12
Frequency Distribution of How their First Job was Found
How did you find the first job F %
Response to an advertisement 3 3.37
Job fair 22 24.72
Recommended by Someone 44 49.44
Information from friends 38 42.70
Family business 1 1.12
Through my academic performance 29 32.58
Offered by the employer 2 2.25
Recommended by the Politician 1 1.12
Through searching 1 1.12
n=89

Table 12 displays how the employed respondents found their first job.

“Recommended by Someone” has the highest frequency of 44 or 49.44% and

“information from friends” got 38 frequency or 42.70%. It simply implies that among the

employed Criminology Graduates they did find their job by someone’s recommendation.

According to Eusebio J. (2017) study, this shows how graduates go about finding work.
Prior to the leave of the graduates from the school, they have to attend an exit conference

in the office of the guidance counselor to assist them on how to seek a job. According to

ten alumni, job orientation at the school helped them find work, while others got work

through internet searches, friends' recommendations, walk-in applications, and placement

agencies. Only one person who works as an OFW is genuine with the placement agency.

According to the statistics, grads used every resource available to them in order to obtain

work. And also, according to Koplik (2012), to point if you see a listing for a job, try to

find a personal connection to the employer and use that as your entry.

Table 13
Frequency Distribution of Job relatedness of graduates with their Earned Degree
Category Frequency Percent
Job relatedness with
71 79.78
earned degree
Job not related with
18 20.22
earned degree
Total 89 100.00

This table shows the frequency distribution of whether employed respondents

consider their job as matched with their earned degree. The table simply implies that

majority of the employed respondents answered Yes as it has a frequency of 71 or

79.78% which means that their job matched with their degree. According to Maratas,

E.N. (2020) study, 30.56 percent of the 36 working graduates stated that their current

employment is relevant to their education. 12. Their work was not connected to their

courses, according to 33.33 percent of them. During the interview, however, 36.11

percent were unsure or had not yet responded. When asked why their work isn't
connected to their profession, the majority (75.00%) confessed that there was an

opportunity in the field, which they applied for right away.

 Chapter 3

SUMMARY OF FINDNGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter shows the summary of the gathered data, the conclusion generated

from the findings of the study and the recommendations that the researchers would offer

based on the results of the study.

SUMMARY OF FINDNGS
This study was conducted to discover the employment status of the graduates of

Bachelor of Science in Criminology at Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College. A descriptive- quantitative

design were utilized in this study. The respondents of the study included 104 criminology

graduates conveniently chosen from batches 2012-2015. The researchers used the adopted

questionnaire from the study (Cabanas & Gamotin 2019) titled Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College

Bachelor of Arts in Political Science Graduates: A Tracer Study.

According to the results, 68.27 percent of respondents were male, and 31.73

percent were female. Furthermore, the majority of respondents (48.08%) were between the

ages of 29 and 30. The data also indicated that the majority of the respondents (53.85 percent)

are single. 64 of the 104 graduates passed the Licensure Examination, 2 of the Civil Service

Exam, 11 of the NAPOLCOM Exam, and 27 are still unlicensed. Among the 104 respondents

contacted, 85.58 percent are now working, 82.02 percent have permanent employment, 1.92

percent are unemployed, and 12.50 percent have never worked. According to 46.67 percent of

the 15 unemployed respondents, "did not look for a job" and "lack of work experience" are the

leading causes of unemployment for people who are unemployed or have never worked. As a

result, 47.19 percent of employed respondents cited "dream job" as the most popular reason

for choosing their profession. According to the study, it takes 3 years for a graduate to find their
first employment. Finally, 79.78 percent, or 71 respondents, believe their current job is a good

match for their degree.

Conclusion

From the findings of the study, respondents between the ages of 29 and 30 make

up the majority of the graduates. The majority of people are single. The majority of the

graduates are also licensed criminologists. Some have additional qualifications, such as

NAPOLCOM, the Civil Service exam, and the Criminology Licensure Examination

passers. Almost all of the graduates completed their B.S. in criminology, which was

completed in exactly four years. Their primary motivation for enrolling in the GADTC

B.S. Criminology program is to work for the Philippine National Police as a law

enforcement officer. The majority of the graduates are already working as non-

commission officers in the field of law enforcement on a full-time or permanent basis.

Many respondents took three years or longer to locate their first job after college, and

they did so based on a referral from someone. Accepting their first employment was

motivated by "dream job" and "salary" career challenges, they said. Lack of eligibility,

failure to hunt for work, and a lack of work experience are among the reasons given by

individuals who are not yet employed, while those who have already left their first job

cite family problems and a decision not to look for work as reasons for quitting. So, the

researchers conclude that most of the graduates passed the BS Criminology board exams,

passing the board exam for Criminologist is a guarantee for immediate employment and

permanency in the job, most of the graduates are employed in their fields of

specialization on a permanent status, graduates took a lengthy period before getting

employed.
Recommendations

On the basis of the findings and conclusion, the following are recommended:

1. The tracer study should be conducted to all graduates of the Institute both BS

Criminology and future BSISM graduates and yearly update of the employment

status of the graduates should be made to determine their status and updates

2. The Institute Dean and Faculty should continue to increase their efforts to inform

and encourage students about various agencies with which they can work after

graduation other than the PNP; in this way, we can expect to see graduates in

nearly every connected field of work.

3. For the unemployed, if possible, if there is a program in school which aims to

help the unemployed graduates, the school and graduates must coordinate to help

graduates seek for employment to minimize underemployment of its graduates

4. GADTC Criminology Dean and faculty should continue to reach out to graduates

who did not pass the Licensure Examination of Criminologists and encourage and

assist them in taking the board exam in the hopes of passing and eventually being

able to apply for their preferred jobs.

5. Furthermore, graduates should strive for higher employment positions in their

respective fields so that they can be proud of the fact that they are competing in

the professional world with competence.

 References

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in Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology. Retrieved on April 19,2022

Ballon, A. E. (2007). Predictors of Employability of the Graduates of Technological

Institute of the Philippines Quezon City. TIP Research Journal Quezon City, 4
(1), 1-1. RetrievedonJuly7,2021

Brown, S. & Lent, R. (2005). Career development and counseling. Putting theory and
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eligibility-ra1080.html#

Capuzzi, D. & Stauffer, M. (2012). Career counseling: Foundation, perspective and

applications. New York: Taylor & Francis Group. Retrieved on July 7, 2021

David Harold Q. Pacatang (2016) Tracer study of BS Criminology graduates of Hose

Rizal Memorial State University. Retrieved from June 13,2021

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Campus. Retrieved on April 19,2022

Koplick, Cocah Dani Tiktin (2012), The Biggest Mistakes 20-Something Job Seekers
Make Forbes, Leadership. Retrieved on Jan.22, 2022
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College of Criminology Bachelor Of Science in Criminology. Retrieved on April
19,2022

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from July7,2021

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17,2022

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SY 2003 to 2007: Measures to enhance their employability. Cebu City,
Philippines: University of Cebu.RetrievedonJuly7,2021from

Peliks Khmer-reeno. Criminology Thesis (2010): Graduate Tracer Study: PCCR

Graduates. Retrieved from June 13,2021

Plantilla, A (2017). Graduates Performance in Workplace: Employers’ Perspective.

Retrieved on July 7, 2021

Pacatang (2016). Tracer Study of BS Criminology Graduates of Jose Rizal Memorial

State University. Retrieved on April 19,2022
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University of Cebu Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue (UCLM), Mandaue City, Cebu,
Philippines. Retrieved from June13,2021

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Appendices
 Appendix B

Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College

Maloro Tangub City

EMPLOYABILITY STATUS OF BS CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATES OF

GADTC: A TRACER STUDY

Questionnaire

DIRECTIONS:

This questionnaire is an adaptive questionnaire on the study of (Cabanas,E., Gamotin, S.T I)

(2019). The purpose of the questionnaire is to evaluate, to trace or identify the employability

status of criminology graduates of GADTC in year 2012-2015. The data gathered will be treated

confidentially and will be used for educational research. Put check marks (✓) in the box which

corresponds to your answer.

Personal Information

1. Name:_______________________________________________________

(Last name) (First name) (Middle name)

2. Gender:_________

3. Age:______

4. Civil Status: ___________

5. Eligibility:

[ ] Civil Service [ ] LET Service [ ] BAR Exam Passer [ ] CLE

Passer
 [ ] Others Specify: ____________________________

6. Highest Educational Attainment:

[ ] Bachelor Degree Year Graduated: _________

[ ] Master Degree Year Graduated: _________

[ ] Doctoral Degree Year Graduated: _________

[ ] Law Year Graduated: _________

EMPLOYMENT DATA

Employment Status

( ) Casual ( ) Permanent

( ) Contractual ( ) Temporary

7. Are you presently employed?

[ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Never been Employed

If No or NEVER BEEN EMPLOYED, proceed to question number 8

If YES, skip the question number 9-10

8. Please state reason(s) why you are not yet employed. You may check more than

one answer.

[ ] Advance or further study [ ] Family concern and decided not to find

a job

[ ] Health related reason [ ] Lack of work experience

[ ] No job opportunity [ ] Did not look for a job

 [ ] Other Specify: ___________________________________________

For those who are employed:

9. What is your present occupation?

1. Name of the

Company:__________________________________________________

2. Address of the

company:________________________________________________

10. What is/are the reason/s on the choice of the job?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

___________.

For those who are Self-Employed:

11. Nature of Work: _______________________________ Year of Operation:

______

12. Address: _____________________________________

13. Name of Business Establishments: ____________________________________

14. How long did you find to land on your first job? You may check more than

answer.

[ ] Less than a month [ ] 1 to 6 months

[ ] 7 to 11 months [ ] 1 year to less than 2 years

[ ] 2 years to less than 3 years [ ] 3 years to less than 4 years

 Others Specify: _________________________________________

15. How did you find your first job? You may check more than one answer.

[ ] Response to an advertisement [ ] Job fair

[ ] Recommend by someone [ ] Information from friends

[ ] Family business [ ] Through my academic

performance

[ ] Offered by the employer [ ] Recommend by Politician

[ ] Recommend by the School Alumni

Others please specify: ___________________________

16. Is your job matched with your earned degree?

( ) Yes ( ) No
 Appendix D

CURRICULUM VITAE

Name : Joie P. Tomo

Nick Name : joie
Date of Birth : August 22, 1999
Place of Birth : Sumpotan,Dinas,Zamboanga
Del Sur
Age : 22
Home Address : Embargo, Ozamiz City Mis,Occ
Citizenship : Filipino
Gender : Male
Height : 5’5
Weight : 60kg
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Tertiary : BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College
Maloro, Tangub City
2018 - 2022

Senior High : Labo National High School

Labo Ozamiz City
2016 - 2018

Junior High : Labo National High School

Labo Ozamiz City
2012 - 2018

Elementary : Embargo Elementary School

Embargo Ozamiz City
2007 - 2012

ORGANIZATIONAL/AFFILIATION

January 26-28, 2019 : CRIMINOLOGY PREPARETORY TRAINING

2018-2022 : Member
CITU Criminology Intensive Training Unit,
Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College
SEMINAR/WORKSHOP/WEBINAR ATTENDED

2018 : Drug Symposium Seminar

Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College, Maloro Tangub City

2019 : Fire Prevention and Control Workshop Seminar

Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College, Maloro, Tangub City

2019 : Crime Scene Investigation Workshop Seminar

Gov. Alfonso D Tan College, Maloro, Tangub City

2021 : “Updates of the Criminology Education and

Profession As provide in R.A. 11131, “The
Philippine Criminology Profession Act of 2018.”
(Webinar)

2021 : “Criminologists Board Exam Policies, Guidelines,

And Updates”. (Webinar)

2021 : “The Nature and Future of Private Detective &

Investigative Services in the Milieu of Public
Safety And Industrial Security”. (Webinar)

2021 : “Safety Officers State and Career Progression

In the 4th Industrial Revolution”. (Webinar)
Name : May Lanie A. Torrefranca
Nick Name : Lan, May, Lanie
Date of Birth : May 17, 1999
Place of Birth : Purok 1 –Lam-an, OzamizCity
Age : 22
Home Address : Purok 1- Labinay, Ozamiz City

Citizenship : Filipino
Gender : Female
Height : 5’2
Weight : 50kg
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Tertiary : BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College
Maloro, Tangub City
2018 - 2022

Senior High : Labinay National High School –

Labinay Ozamiz City
2016 - 2018

Junior High : LabinayCity National High School

Labinay Ozamiz City
2016 - 2018

Elementary : Labinay Elementary School

Labinay, Ozamiz City
2007 - 2012

ORGANIZATIONAL/AFFILIATION

January 26-28, 2019 : CRIMINOLOGY PREPARETORY TRAINING

Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College

2018-2022 : Member
CITU Criminology Intensive Training Unit,
Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College

SEMINAR/WORKSHOP/WEBINAR ATTENDED
2018 : Drug Symposium Seminar
Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College, Maloro Tangub City

2019 : Fire Prevention and Control Workshop Seminar

Gov. Alfonso D. Tan College, Maloro, Tangub City

2019 : Crime Scene Investigation Workshop Seminar

Gov. Alfonso D Tan College, Maloro, Tangub City

2021 : “Updates of the Criminology Education and

Profession As provide in R.A. 11131, “The
Philippine Criminology Profession Act of 2018.”
(Webinar)

2021 : “Criminologists Board Exam Policies, Guidelines,

And Updates”. (Webinar)

2021 : “The Nature and Future of Private Detective &

Investigative Services in the Milieu of Public
Safety And Industrial Security”. (Webinar)

2021 : “Safety Officers State and Career Progression

In the 4th Industrial Revolution”. (Webinar)