Understanding The Psychology of Diversity 3Rd Edition Blaine Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
Understanding The Psychology of Diversity 3Rd Edition Blaine Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
Understanding The Psychology of Diversity 3Rd Edition Blaine Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
Multiple Choice
6. According to the stereotype content model, stereotypes of women who are liked (high
warmth) but not respected (low competence) are called:
a. Envious stereotypes
b. Contemptuous stereotypes
c. Paternalistic stereotypes
d. Hostile stereotypes
7. Research has found that feminine-sounding voices, in both men and women, lowered
listeners’ ratings the speaker’s:
a. Warmth
b. Competence
c. Both warmth and competence
d. Neither warmth and competence
8. One study of the characters in coloring books found that female characters comprised
just 41% of all coloring book characters. This illustrates:
a. Gender categorization
b. Gender bias
c. Paternalistic stereotypes
d. Envious stereotypes
10. The belief that women are emotionally weaker but morally superior to men is reflective
of:
a. Benevolent sexism
b. Hostile sexism
c. Modern sexism
d. Symbolic sexism
11. Which form of sexism regards women as sexual objects and believes they are interested
in controlling men?
a. Modern sexism
b. Hostile sexism
c. Benevolent sexism
d. All of the above
12. Large meta-analyses (which combine the results of many studies) of gender differences
in math ability show that:
a. Women are reliably better than men.
b. Men are reliably better than women.
c. Women and men do not differ.
15. The fact that stay-at-home dads develop nurturing and caring traits that are no different
from stay-at-home moms illustrates:
a. Gender differences in nurturance are internal, inherent qualities
b. Nurturance is a state variable rather than a trait variable.
c. Nurturance is a function of the situation rather than the person.
d. Both B and C
16. What statement best illustrates the social selection of gender differences?
a. Women are by nature more gullible than men.
b. Women are more nurturant because of the roles they occupy.
c. Men are more aggressive because it is advantageous in perpetuating their genes.
d. Men are more independent because social situations expect that from them.
17. Current data on the gender pay gap shows that, in 2010, women’s median weekly
earnings were about ____ of men’s median weekly earnings.
a. 40%
b. 60%
c. 80%
d. Men’s and women’s earnings are the same.
True-False
1. TRUE or FALSE. Generally agreed-upon beliefs about men help define what is masculine.
2. TRUE or FALSE. Holding both paternalistic and envious stereotypes of women reflects
underlying ambivalence.
3. TRUE or FALSE. Generally, stereotypically feminine traits are valued more than
stereotypically masculine traits.
4. TRUE or FALSE. Gender bias works in favor of women when they are applying for
stereotypically female jobs.
5. TRUE or FALSE. Hostile sexism romanticizes women’s sexuality and sees them as objects
to be adored.
6. TRUE or FALSE. Stay-at-home dads, who take on the child-rearing role, develop
nurturance that equals stay-at-home moms.
7. TRUE or FALSE. If men were placed in follower, rather than leader, roles as consistently
as women are, they would develop better ability at reading nonverbal behavior.
10. TRUE or FALSE. Women earn less than men even in stereotypically female jobs (e.g.,
nurse).
11. TRUE or FALSE. Title IX has established gender equity in college sports, according to
recent investigative reports.
Short Answer
1. Studies show that women and men do not differ in math achievement. So why are
women underrepresented in STEM (science, technology, engineering & math) field?
4. Mention some ways that gender stereotypes are perpetuated in the school
environment?
5. What are self-construals? How are men’s or women’s self-construals shaped by gender
stereotypes?
6. Describe the gender pay gap and explain how income entitlement is related to it.
Essay
1. How do both hostile and benevolent forms of sexism enforce patriarchy?
4. Explain how gender differences arise out of men and women occupying different roles
in society.
5. What do we learn about the presumed differences between men and women from TV
advertisements? Give some examples and how those examples reflect gender
stereotypes.
6. Distinguish between the glass ceiling and the maternal wall. How are both expressions
of sexism?
ANSWERS
Multiple choice
1. D
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. C
6. C
7. B
8. B
9. D
10. A
11. B
12. C
13. A
14. D
15. D
16. C
17. C
18. D
True-False
1. True
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. False
6. True
7. True
8. False
9. True
10. True
11. False
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Fig. 32.—The demon of the South-West Wind.
Louvre. Actual size.
Drawn by Saint-Elme Gautier.
Nothing could be clearer than the governing idea of this
conception. The artist has wished to unite in a single being the
highest powers of life and nature—the bull, the lion, the eagle: these
are types of physical force differently applied. Patient and tenacious
in the bull, who drags the plough and transports the heaviest
burdens; violent and impetuous in the lion, while in the king of birds
the formidable strength of beak and talons add to the fear inspired by
his lightning flight. Finally, the head and countenance are those of a
man, the impersonation of intelligent force, of will governed by
reflection, before which every living thing has to bow.
The root of this conception is the same as that by which the
Egyptian sphinx was suggested. The chief differences lie in the
greater complexity of the winged bull and in its less quiescent
attitude. The sphinx combines but two elements, the man and the
lion; its pose is easier and perhaps more natural than that of the
Assyrian animal. It is extended on the ground, its paws stretched idly
before it, an attitude that could be preserved without fatigue for an
indefinite time, and therefore in complete accordance with its
governing idea, and with the function it had to fill at the gates of a
palace or temple. That idea, for the bull as well as the sphinx, was
force in repose. But the bull stands upright, and, when looked at from
one side, seems to walk. We feel that if he did complete his stride he
would bring the structure that stands on his loins down about our
ears.
Here, as in most cases where comparison is possible, the
advantage remains with Egypt. But yet the Assyrian type is by no
means without a certain nobility and beauty of its own. In spite of
their colossal dimensions, in spite of the supernatural vigour of their
limbs and the exaggerated energy and salience of their muscles,
there is a kind of robust grace in the leading lines and proportions of
these figures to which we cannot be indifferent, and their effect is
increased by the wings that lie along their backs and furnish so
happily the upper part of the huge alabaster slabs, above which
nothing rises but the horned tiara. Finally, the face with its strongly
marked features, with its frame of closely curled hair and beard
arranged in the strictest symmetry, is still more remarkable than all
the rest (Fig. 33). The expression is grave and proud, and
sometimes almost smiling. It is in fine harmony with the general idea
that led the Chaldæans to create these mysterious but kindly beings,
and to endow them with their mighty frames of stone.[101]
Fig. 33.—Head of a winged bull of
Assurbanipal. British Museum. Height 38
inches.
Drawn by Saint-Elme Gautier.
These bulls have only been actually found in Assyria, but
numerous and precise texts have been deciphered by which their
existence at the gateways of Chaldæan temples and palaces has
been proved.[102] They are not now to be met with in the country of
their origin, because their material was too rare in the lower part of
the great basin to escape the attacks of spoilers. Soft or hard,
volcanic or calcareous, stone was there precious and difficult to find.
Sooner or later such objects as these would be dragged from their
ancient sites and broken up to be used anew. If chance had not so
willed that the Assyrian palaces were preserved for us by
entombment in their own ruins, we should now have known nothing
of a type that played a great part in the decoration of Mesopotamian
buildings, and, by its originality, made a great impression upon
neighbouring peoples; or at least we should only know it by
reproductions on a very small scale, like those we meet with on the
cylinders, or by imitations vastly inferior to the originals, like those of
the palaces at Persepolis.