Creative Technologies 10

CREATIVE TECHNOLOGIES 10
APPROPRIATE MOTORS IN THE INDUSTRIES OF ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION.

A stepper motor is an electromechanical device. Stepper motor is a device which transforms electrical
pulses into equal increments of rotary shaft motion called steps. It converts electrical power into
mechanical power.
Stepper motors are ideal for applications that require high precision, such as 3D printers and
CNC machines.
Motors that are used in automatic control systems are called servo motor.
The servo motors are used to convert electrical signal applied to them into an angular
displacement of the shaft.
Servo motors are a type of DC motor that includes a feedback mechanism to control the
motor's position.
Brushless DC motors are similar to DC motors but do not have brushes, which makes them more reliable
and efficient.
DC motors are one of the most commonly used motors in robotics and automation. They are relatively
simple in design and provide a good balance between speed and torque.
AC motors are less commonly used in robotics and automation, but they are still useful for certain
applications. They operate by converting electrical energy into mechanical energy using a rotating
magnetic field. AC motors are typically used in high-power applications, such as conveyor systems and
large robotic arms.
Linear Motors - a unique type of motor that provides linear motion instead of rotational motion. They
are commonly used in robotics and automation applications that require high precision and speed, such
as pick-and-place machines and linear actuators.
Gear Motors - a type of DC motor that incorporates a gear reduction mechanism. This allows for higher
torque output at lower speeds, making them ideal for applications that require high torque, such as
conveyor systems and automated gates.
Ultrasonic motors – It uses ultrasonic vibrations to generate motion. They are commonly used in
applications that require high precision and low noise, such as autofocus mechanisms in cameras and
micro-positioning systems.
Ultrasonic motors use ultrasonic vibrations to generate motion. They are commonly used in applications
that require high precision and low noise, such as autofocus mechanisms in cameras and micro-
positioning systems.
HYDRAULIC, PNEUMATIC AND ELECTRIC DRIVE SYSTEMS

DRIVE means to operate the robot.
DRIVE SYSTEM to provide a means to control the speed and also torque (or) power.
It is also used for converting hydraulic, pneumatic, and electrical energy into useful
mechanical energy. It is used to motion transfer and drive the robot.
It can be thought of as the muscular system of a robot. They’re the part of the robot
responsible for how it performs tasks, such as lifting or twisting robotic arms.
Hydraulic drive systems
 Pressurized fluid is used to transmit and control power.
 The hydraulic drive is mostly suitable for heavy load robot applications.
 The term hydraulic refers to the transfer of energy from pressure difference not from the
kinetic energy of flow.
 Hydraulic drive systems are specifically designed for larger robots. They deliver high power
and speed, greater than an electric drive system.
 They deliver high power and speed, greater than an electric drive system.
 This system can be used for both rotational and linear joints. In this system, an electric
motor drives a pump which moves fluid from a reservoir. This causes oil to pass through the
control valves and enter the actuators.
 These systems deal with heavy machinery, they are generally able to operate smoothly,
making seamless transitions and effortless movements. A large robotic arm driven by a
hydraulic system, for example, would be great for palletization—lifting and placing large
products on a pallet for a shipment.
Pneumatic drive systems

 Compressed air is used to control power. It has most of the desired properties and
characteristics of a gas for pneumatic system.
 It is not poisonous and non-flammable.
 These systems are simple to construct and they are less expensive than hydraulic systems.
The compressed air can also help absorb shock.
 Pneumatic drive systems work well for robots that require fluid movements and are also low
maintenance.
 They’re found in the manufacturing industry for applications that require clamping or
drilling. They’re also found in food processing plants and paper mills since the ease of
motion is great for packing or filling containers. A simple example of a pneumatic system
would be a nail gun. The compressed air is pushed through a system and forces out at high-
speed.
 There are some disadvantages to pneumatic drive systems. They’re typically restricted to
low power applications and don’t offer much in terms of speed control.
Electric drive systems

 An electric drive system is a form of machine equipment designed to convert electric energy
into mechanical energy and provide electric control of the process.
 Electric drive offers energy transformation.
 Electric drive robot is quiet operation.
 Electric drive system does not provide as much speed and power compared to hydraulic
system.
 This type of drive system focuses on power and speed. It’s great for moving both rotational
or linear joints, and for robots that require an incredible amount of precision. They’re best
for small robots, and as such, occupy less floor space on the factory floor.
 As the name suggests, these drive systems function by way of electricity.
 Picking and drilling robots, for example, work best with these types of drive systems when
there is little room for errors or inconsistencies.
 Electric drive systems are excellent for precision; however, they do have some
disadvantages. Their initial cost is quite high and they have a poor dynamic response.
Actuators are the device used for converting hydraulic, pneumatic and electrical energy into mechanical
energy. The mechanical energy used to get the work done.
Without a proper drive system, a robot wouldn’t be able to function properly. They are needed for
an actuator to work so that a robot can fulfill its most basic function.
The main difference between hydraulic, electric, and pneumatic drive systems is the medium used to
transmit power.

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CREATIVE TECHNOLOGIES 10

APPROPRIATE MOTORS IN THE INDUSTRIES OF ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION.

HYDRAULIC, PNEUMATIC AND ELECTRIC DRIVE SYSTEMS

Pneumatic drive systems

Electric drive systems

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