Assignment DCC40132

JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN AWAM
DCC40132 PROJECT MANAGEMENT & PRACTICES
ASSIGNMENT : CASE STUDY 1

TIME ALLOCATED : 1 WEEK
NAME : MUHAMMAD AMMAR ZIKRY BIN ADNAN

MATRIC NUMBER : 16DK119F1080
LECTURER NAME : PUAN KHALIJAH BT MOHD NADRI
SUBMISSION DATE : 29 OCTOBER 2020
1) Discuss briefly the concept of quality control and quality assurance in the
construction industry.
A) Quallity control
Quality control (QC) is the part of quality management that

ensures products and services comply with requirements. It is a work method that
facilitates the measurement of the quality characteristics of a unit, compares them
with the established standards, and analyses the differences between the results
obtained and the desired results in order to make decisions which will correct any
differences.
Technical specifications define the type of controls that must be undertaken to

ensure the construction works are carried out correctly. They include not
only products and materials, but also the execution and completion of the works.
One way of controlling quality is based on the inspection or verification of

finished products. The aim is to filter the products before they reach the client, so
that products that do not comply with requirements are discarded or repaired. This
reception control is usually carried out by people who were not involved in
the production activities, which means that costs can be high, and
preventative activities and improvement plans may not be effective.
It is a final control, located between producer and client, and although it has the
advantage of being impartial, it has a large number of drawbacks, such as
slow information flows, and inspectors are not familiar with the circumstances of
production and are not responsible for the production quality.
When tests are destructive, the decision to accept or reject a full batch must be
made on the basis of the quality of a random sample. This type of statistical control
provides less information and contains sampling risks. However, it is more
economical, requires fewer inspectors, and speeds up decision-making, while the
rejection of the whole batch encourages suppliers to improve their quality. This type
of control can also identify the causes of variations and, so establish procedures for
their systematic elimination.
B) Quality assurance
Quality assurance is a set of planned and systematic actions to ensure that products and
services comply with specified requirements. It not only involves checking the final quality
of products to avoid defects, as is the case in quality control, but also checking product
quality in a planned way in all the production stages. It is the development of work and
product design procedures to prevent errors from occurring in the first place, based on
planning backed up by quality manuals and tools.
When a consensus has been reached on the requirements of a quality management system, it
is possible to define a series of generic standards applicable to any type of organisation. The
international standards, generically called ISO 9000, are the most widespread and generally
accepted in developed countries.
2) MS ISO 9000 is a written standard of prescribe and lists the basic elements
needed in an organization’s quality system to ensure that service provided to
meet the needs of customers. Relate the importance of MS ISO 9000 in the
construction industry. Consider your answer with the cost,time,quality and other
advantages by implementing MS ISO 9000 in the construction industry.
ISO 9000 is defined as a set of international standards on quality management

and quality assurance developed to help companies effectively document the
quality system elements needed to maintain an efficient quality system. They
are not specific to any one industry and can be applied to organizations of any
size.
ISO 9000 can help a company satisfy its customers, meet regulatory
requirements, and achieve continual improvement. It should be considered to be
a first step or the base level of a quality system.
Firstly, by implementing MS ISO 9000 in the construction industry, we can
reduced the operational of the project expenses. Sometimes lost in the many
discussions of ISO 9000's public relations cache is the fact that the rigorous
registration process often exposes significant shortcomings in various
operational areas. When these problems are brought to light, the company can
take the appropriate steps to improve its processes. These improved efficiencies
can help companies garner savings in both time and money. "The cost of scrap,
rework, returns, and the employee time spent analyzing and troubleshooting
various products are all considerably reduced by initiating the discipline of ISO
9000," confirmed Richard B. Wright in Industrial Distribution
Sub-Contractors. The development of quality assurance programs or QMS in
subcontractor organizations is being forced by contractual requirements
imposed by clients and subsequently by the main contractors. This process,
however, currently is limited and generally restricted to the higher technological
trades where quality requirements are more essential to a project's outcome.
Manufacturers/Suppliers. Certification to ISO 9000 in this category is quite

widespread as perhaps would be expected. However, this appears to be
concentrated in traditional, well established industries or those which are export
market led.
Suppliers/Wholesalers. This area of activity demonstrates the weakest aspect of
the application of Quality Assurance. Supplier awareness is usually through
contact with quality assured manufacturers in the normal chain of supply. The
reluctance of suppliers to provide certificates of conformity is evident in some
countries.
Quality Consultants. There appear to be few quality consultants active within

the construction industry and be considered. Judgement decisions on the many
possible implementation routes to take are key to successful project
implementation. The experience factor is critical in selecting the most
appropriate route. The individual leading the project must be a person with
strong organizational and motivational skills. He/she will need to have a good
understanding of project management together with team building and
leadership skills. Planning, scheduling, resource allocation and estimating will
be needed to track progress and keep senior management informed on what
resources are required to keep the project on track. The most effective way to
bring a quality assurance program into daily use and acceptance by the
management and staff is to select those elements from the chosen ISO quality
level that will have an immediate effect in improving the companies operation.
Areas for implementation should be selected from operations that are
acknowledged to have problems. The staff should be provided with hands on
experience as to how the quality program will benefit them. The more the staff
are involved in the process the quicker the acceptance of change will be within
the organization. It is not an objective of the ISO program to change the way a
company does its business, but rather to focus on what is done and how
effectively it is carried out, i.e., how well does it meet client expectations. A
completed quality assurance program will provide the system by which a
company's performance is monitored, recorded and tracked. Once in place, it
clearly highlights problems and faults in the system and day to day operations in
a way that will enable appropriate action to be taken.
Source ;
1)https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/
Quality_control_for_construction_works
2) https://www.irmi.com/articles/expert-commentary/construction-quality-
management#:~:text=QC%20Plan%3A%20Quality%20control%20(QC,during
%20construction%20of%20the%20project.&text=It%20establishes%20a
%20framework%20with,the%20project%20specified%20quality
%20requirements.
3) https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a304933.pdf

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JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

DCC40132 PROJECT MANAGEMENT & PRACTICES

ASSIGNMENT : CASE STUDY 1

NAME : MUHAMMAD AMMAR ZIKRY BIN ADNAN

Quality control (QC) is the part of quality management that

Technical specifications define the type of controls that must be undertaken to

One way of controlling quality is based on the inspection or verification of

ISO 9000 is defined as a set of international standards on quality management

Manufacturers/Suppliers. Certification to ISO 9000 in this category is quite

Quality Consultants. There appear to be few quality consultants active within

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