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1EVS Syllabus

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Ability Enhancement Compulsory Courses (AECC – Environmental Studies)

Unit 1: Introduction to environmental studies

Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies; components of environment –


atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere.
Scope and importance; Concept of sustainability and sustainable development.
(2 Lectures)

Unit 2: Ecosystems

What is an ecosystem? Structure and function of ecosystem; Energy flow in an


ecosystem: food chain, food web and ecological succession. Case studies of the
following ecosystems:
a) Forest ecosystem
b) Grassland ecosystem
c) Desert ecosystem
d) Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries)
(6 Lectures)

Unit 3: Natural Resources: Renewable and Non-renewable Resources

Land Resources and land use change; Land degradation, soil erosion and
desertification.
Deforestation: Causes and impacts due to mining, dam building on environment,
forests, biodiversity and tribal populations.
Water: Use and over-exploitation of surface and ground water, floods, droughts,
conflicts over water (international & inter-state).
Heating of earth and circulation of air; air mass formation and precipitation.
Energy resources: Renewable and non-renewable energy sources, use of alternate
energy sources, growing energy needs, case studies.
(8 Lectures)

Unit 4: Biodiversity and Conservation


Levels of biological diversity :genetic, species and ecosystem diversity;
Biogeography zones of India; Biodiversity patterns and global biodiversity hot
spots
India as a mega-biodiversity nation; Endangered and endemic species of India
Threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts,
biological invasions; Conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ
conservation of biodiversity.
Ecosystem and biodiversity services: Ecological, economic, social, ethical,
aesthetic and Informational value.
(8 Lectures)

Unit 5: Environmental Pollution

Environmental pollution : types, causes, effects and controls; Air, water, soil,
chemical and noise pollution
Nuclear hazards and human health risks
Solid waste management: Control measures of urban and industrial waste..
Pollution case studies.
(8 Lectures)

Unit 6: Environmental Policies & Practices

Climate change, global warming, ozone layer depletion, acid rain and impacts on
human communities and agriculture.
Environment Laws : Environment Protection Act; Air (Prevention & Control of
Pollution) Act; Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act; Wildlife
Protection Act; Forest Conservation Act; International agreements; Montreal and
Kyoto protocols and conservation on Biological Diversity (CBD). The Chemical
Weapons Convention (CWC).
Nature reserves, tribal population and rights, and human, wildlife conflicts in
Indian context
(7 Lectures)

Unit 7: Human Communities and the Environment


Human population and growth: Impacts on environment, human health and
welfares.
Carbon foot-print.
Resettlement and rehabilitation of project affected persons; case studies.
Disaster management: floods, earthquakes, cyclones and landslides.
Environmental movements: Chipko, Silent valley, Bishnios of Rajasthan.
Environmental ethics: Role of Indian and other religions and cultures in
environmental conservation.
Environmental communication and public awareness, case studies (e.g., CNG
vehicles in Delhi).
(6 Lectures)

Unit 8: Field work


Visit to an area to document environmental assets; river/forest/flora/fauna, etc.
Visit to a local polluted site – Urban/Rural/Industrial/Agricultural.
Study of common plants, insects, birds and basic principles of identification.
Study of simple ecosystems-pond, river, Delhi Ridge, etc.
(Equal to 5 Lectures)

Suggested Readings:

1. Carson, R. 2002. Silent Spring. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.


2. Gadgil, M., & Guha, R.1993. This Fissured Land: An Ecological History of India.
Univ. of California Press.
3. Gleeson,B. and Low, N. (eds.) 1999. Global Ethics and Environment, London,
Routledge.
4. Gleick, P.H. 1993. Water in Crisis. Pacific Institute for Studies in Dev.,
Environment & Security. Stockholm Env. Institute, Oxford Univ. Press.
5. Groom, Martha J. Gary K. Meffe, and Carl Ronald carroll. Principles of
Conservation Biology.
Sunderland: Sinauer Associates, 2006.
6. Grumbine, R. Edward, and Pandit, M.K. 2013. Threats from India’s Himalaya
dams. Science, 339: 36-37.
7. McCully, P.1996. Rivers no more: the environmental effects of dams(pp. 29-64).
Zed Books.
8. McNeil, John R. 2000. Something New Under the Sun: An Environmental
History of the Twentieth Century.

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