ISTQB CTFL v4.0 Sample-Exam-C-Answers v1.1
ISTQB CTFL v4.0 Sample-Exam-C-Answers v1.1
ISTQB CTFL v4.0 Sample-Exam-C-Answers v1.1
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Acknowledgements
This document was produced by a core team from the ISTQB®: Stuart Reid and Adam Roman
The core team thanks the Exam Working Group review team, the Syllabus Working Group and
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Revision History
Sample Exam – Answers Layout Template used: Version 2.11 Date: October 16, 2023
Table of Contents
Copyright Notice ............................................................................................................................. 2
Document Responsibility................................................................................................................. 2
Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................................... 2
Revision History .............................................................................................................................. 3
Table of Contents............................................................................................................................ 4
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 5
Purpose of this document ............................................................................................................ 5
Instructions .................................................................................................................................. 5
Answer Key..................................................................................................................................... 6
Answers .......................................................................................................................................... 7
1 ................................................................................................................................................................. 7
2 ................................................................................................................................................................. 8
3 ................................................................................................................................................................. 9
4 ............................................................................................................................................................... 10
5 ............................................................................................................................................................... 11
6 ............................................................................................................................................................... 12
7 ............................................................................................................................................................... 13
8 ............................................................................................................................................................... 14
9 ............................................................................................................................................................... 15
10 ............................................................................................................................................................. 16
11 ............................................................................................................................................................. 17
12 ............................................................................................................................................................. 18
13 ............................................................................................................................................................. 19
14 ............................................................................................................................................................. 20
15 ............................................................................................................................................................. 21
16 ............................................................................................................................................................. 22
17 ............................................................................................................................................................. 23
18 ............................................................................................................................................................. 24
19 ............................................................................................................................................................. 25
20 ............................................................................................................................................................. 26
21 ............................................................................................................................................................. 27
22 ............................................................................................................................................................. 27
23 ............................................................................................................................................................. 28
24 ............................................................................................................................................................. 28
25 ............................................................................................................................................................. 29
26 ............................................................................................................................................................. 30
27 ............................................................................................................................................................. 31
28 ............................................................................................................................................................. 32
29 ............................................................................................................................................................. 32
30 ............................................................................................................................................................. 33
31 ............................................................................................................................................................. 33
32 ............................................................................................................................................................. 34
33 ............................................................................................................................................................. 34
34 ............................................................................................................................................................. 35
35 ............................................................................................................................................................. 35
36 ............................................................................................................................................................. 36
37 ............................................................................................................................................................. 36
38 ............................................................................................................................................................. 37
39 ............................................................................................................................................................. 37
40 ............................................................................................................................................................. 38
Introduction
Assisting ISTQB® Member Boards and Exam Boards in their question writing activities
Providing training providers and exam candidates with examples of exam questions
Note, that real exams may include a wide variety of questions, and this sample exam is not
intended to include examples of all possible question types, styles or lengths, also this sample
exam may both be more difficult or less difficult than any official exam.
Instructions
In this document you may find:
Answer Key
Question Correct Answer LO K-Level Points Question Correct Answer LO K-Level Points
Number (#) Number (#)
1 b FL-1.1.1 K1 1 21 d FL-4.2.2 K3 1
2 c FL-1.1.2 K2 1 22 d FL-4.2.3 K3 1
3 b FL-1.3.1 K2 1 23 a FL-4.2.4 K3 1
4 b, e FL-1.4.1 K2 1 24 c FL-4.3.2 K2 1
5 a FL-1.4.3 K2 1 25 a FL-4.3.3 K2 1
6 c FL-1.4.5 K2 1 26 b FL-4.4.1 K2 1
7 b FL-1.5.2 K1 1 27 d FL-4.4.3 K2 1
8 a FL-1.5.3 K2 1 28 b FL-4.5.2 K2 1
9 d FL-2.1.2 K1 1 29 d FL-4.5.3 K3 1
10 d FL-2.1.3 K1 1 30 a FL-5.1.1 K2 1
11 b FL-2.1.5 K2 1 31 c FL-5.1.4 K3 1
12 c FL-2.1.6 K2 1 32 a FL-5.1.5 K3 1
13 d FL-2.2.1 K2 1 33 b FL-5.1.6 K1 1
14 b FL-2.2.3 K2 1 34 d FL-5.1.7 K2 1
15 d FL-3.1.3 K2 1 35 c FL-5.2.3 K2 1
16 a FL-3.2.1 K1 1 36 b FL-5.3.2 K2 1
17 b FL-3.2.4 K2 1 37 d FL-5.4.1 K2 1
18 b FL-3.2.5 K1 1 38 b FL-5.5.1 K3 1
19 c FL-4.1.1 K2 1 39 d FL-6.1.1 K2 1
20 c FL-4.2.1 K3 1 40 d FL-6.2.1 K1 1
Answers
Question Correct Explanation / Rationale Learning K-Level Number
Number Answer Objective of
(#) (LO) Points
1 b a) Is not correct. Validating that documented requirements are met is FL-1.1.1 K1 1
incorrect as validation is concerned with meeting user requirements and
expectations, while verification is concerned with meeting specified
requirements, so this would be correct if we replaced ‘validating’ with
‘verifying’
b) Is correct. Causing failures and identifying defects is probably the most
common objective of dynamic testing
c) Is not correct. Initiating errors and identifying root causes is incorrect
because testers do not initiate errors, they try to cause failures. Errors
are typically made by developers (and cannot really be initiated) and
result in defects, which testers attempt to identify either directly through
static testing or indirectly through failures with dynamic testing.
Identifying root causes is useful but is part of debugging, which is a
separate activity to testing
d) Is not correct. Verifying the test object meets user expectations is
incorrect as verification is concerned with checking specified
(documented) requirements are met, while validation is concerned with
meeting user requirements and expectations, so this would be correct if
we replaced ‘verifying’ with ‘validating’
a) Is not correct. The ‘testing shows the presence, not the absence of
defects’ principle explains that while testing can detect the existence of
defects in the test object, it is not possible to demonstrate that there are
no defects and, therefore, guarantee its correctness. Therefore,
explaining that it is not possible for testing to show the absence of
defects would partially address this principle, not the ‘absence-of-
defects’ fallacy
b) Is correct. By supporting the end user to perform acceptance testing it
should be possible to validate that the system meets users' needs and
expectations
c) Is not correct. It is not possible to ensure that no implementation defects
remain in the delivered system as the ‘testing shows the presence, not
the absence of defects’ principle explains that while testing can detect
the existence of defects in the test object, it is not possible to
demonstrate that there are no defects and, therefore, guarantee its
correctness
d) Is not correct. Modifying tests that cause no failures to ensure few
defects remain is one way to address the ‘tests wear out’ principle. This
principle is concerned with the idea that repeating identical tests on
unaltered code is unlikely to uncover novel defects and therefore,
modifying tests may be essential. This will not validate that the system
meets users' needs and expectations
a) Is not correct. Test implementation is not likely to involve the use of test
techniques as it is mostly concerned with assembling test cases into
test procedures, while test techniques create test cases
b) Is correct. Test design is likely to involve the use of test techniques to
create test cases from test conditions and coverage items
c) Is not correct. Test execution is not likely to involve the use of test
techniques as it is mostly concerned with executing test procedures
(and so test cases), while test techniques create test cases
d) Is not correct. Test monitoring is not likely to involve the use of test
techniques. Test monitoring is mostly concerned with ongoing checks to
ensure the plan is being followed, while test techniques create test
cases
e) Is correct. Test analysis is likely to involve the use of test techniques to
identify test conditions
Thus:
a) Is correct. The correct match is: 1B, 2D, 3C, 4A
b) Is not correct
c) Is not correct
d) Is not correct
Thus:
a) Is not correct
b) Is correct. The correct match is: 1A, 2D, 3C, 4B
c) Is not correct
d) Is not correct
18 b a) Is not correct. To ensure successful reviews, it's important to secure FL-3.2.5 K1 1
management's support for the review process, however that does not
mean that they should participate as reviewers
b) Is correct. To ensure successful reviews, it's important to break the work
product into parts that are small enough to be reviewed in a reasonable
timescale to prevent reviewers from losing focus during individual
review or review meetings
c) Is not correct. To ensure successful reviews, it's important to clearly
define objectives and measurable exit criteria, without evaluating
participants
d) Is not correct. To ensure successful reviews, it's important to break
down the review into smaller chunks to prevent reviewers from losing
focus during individual review or review meetings. So you should not
plan to cover one document per review
Thus:
a) Is not correct. Only 100 and 200 are valid coverage items for 2-value
BVA, so we achieve 50% coverage
b) Is not correct. Only 100 and 200 are valid coverage items for 2-value
BVA, so we achieve 50% coverage
c) Is not correct. Only 100 and 101 are valid coverage items for 2-value
BVA, so we achieve 50% coverage
d) Is correct. 101, 199 and 200 are valid coverage items for 2-value BVA,
so we achieve 75% coverage
22 d a) Is not correct. The combination (T, T, F) does not match any rule. This FL-4.2.3 K3 1
is an example of omission, not a contradiction
b) Is not correct. The combination (T, F, T) matches only one column, R2,
so there is no contradiction
c) Is not correct. Both combinations (T, T, T) and (F, T, T) match only one
column, R1, so there is no contradiction
d) Is correct. The combination (F, F, F) matches both R2 and R3, but R2
and R3 have different actions, so this shows a contradiction between R2
and R3.
Thus:
a) Is not correct
b) Is not correct
c) Is correct
d) Is not correct
Thus:
a) Is not correct
b) Is not correct
c) Is correct
d) Is not correct
Thus:
a) Is correct
b) Is not correct
c) Is not correct
d) Is not correct
33 b a) Is not correct. The test pyramid model does not provide information FL-5.1.6 K1 1
about test priorities
b) Is correct. The test pyramid model shows that different tests have
different levels of granularity
c) Is not correct. The test pyramid model is independent of coverage
criteria
d) Is not correct. Test pyramid model does not show any relations between
different tests