Research Overview

BENEDICT V. OMBLERO, Ph.D.
Ø The roles of research;

Demonstrate
Ø The significance of research;
understanding of:
Ø Relationship of research to other
field;
Ø Discuss important ethical issues in
conducting research; and
Ø Recognize skills needed to design
and conduct research
What is research?
• research. 1.a. the systematic
investigation into and study of
materials, sources, etc., in order to
establish facts and reach new
conclusions. b. an endeavour to
discover new or collate old facts etc. by
the scientific study of a subject or by a
course of critical investigation. [Oxford
Concise Dictionary]
4
THE ROLE OF RESEARCH
It is an inquiry process.
It is a formal process of problem solving
It is a set of procedures and stages.
It originates with a question or a problem.
It is an interactive process.
Significance of Research
To gather necessary information
To improve standard of living
To have a safer life

Significance of Research
To know the truth
To explore our history buff
To understand arts
Research and Society
Research is closely connected
with development.
Research affects society and
the lives of each one.
Research is useful for future
endeavors.
Research and Society
Research hones basic life

skills and makes learning a
lifelong endeavor
Research fills in the need to
love reading, writing,
analyzing and sharing
valuable information.
RESEARCH AND OTHER FIELDS
Research and Economy
• Economic research
refers to matters
concerning the
environment and
which may lead to
improved techniques
to ensure sustainable
food production.
Research and Social Sciences
• Social research leads to
an increased knowledge
of people and their
interactions with one
another, which could be
relevant to policy
makers.
Research and Environmental Science
•Environmental research
focuses on improved
techniques to ensure
sustainable
environmental
protection.
Research and Culture
•Cultural research leads
understanding of
cultural values to
increase understanding
of cultural values or
social approaches.
Research and Health
•Health research
contributes to a
better
understanding
of the causes of
medical
conditions.
Qualitative vs. Quantitative
• Quantitative research
• systematically observe changes in the
phenomena of interest while
manipulating what are believed to be
causal influences
• Qualitative research
• may be more concerned with the
individual’s personal experiences of the
problem under study
Characteristics of Quantitative and Qualitative Research in the Process of
Research
Quantitative Steps in the Research Qualitative
Characteristics Process Characteristics
Description of trends and Exploratory/ Understanding

Identifying a Problem
Explanation Oriented a Central Phenomena
•Major Role •Minor Role
•Justify Problem
Reviewing the Literature •Justify Problem
•Specific and Narrow •General and Broad
•Measurable/Observable Specifying a Purpose •Participants’ Experience
•Pre-determined Instruments •Emerging Protocols
•Numeric Data Collecting Data •Text or image data
•Large numbers •Small Number
•Statistical •Text Analysis
•Description of Trends
Analyze and Interpret Data •Description/Themes
•Comparisons/Predictions •Larger meanings of findings
•Standard and Fixed Report and Evaluate •Flexible and Emerging
•Objective and Unbiased •Reflexive and Biased
PARAMETERS QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH RESEARCH
METHODS Researchers tend to Researchers tend to
remain objectively become subjectively
separated from the immersion in the
subject matter. subject matter
ANALYSIS Analysis of numerical Analysis of data such
data through as words, pictures or
descriptive and or objects through
inferential statistics descriptive coding,
indexing, narrations,
integrative diagrams,
thematic analysis
Data Collection Quali vs. Quanti Methods
Qualitative Quantitative
Observing Participant Structured
observation observation
Talking to In- depth Surveys
people Interviews &
Focus groups
Using existing Comparative- Analysis of
information historical existing
research statistics
MIXED METHODS Research
• Mixed methods research is both a method and
methodology for conducting research that
involves collecting, analyzing, and integrating
quantitative and qualitative research in a single
study or a longitudinal program of inquiry.
• The purpose of this form of research is that both
qualitative and quantitative research, in
combination, provide a better understanding of a
research problem or issue than either research
approach alone.
Collecting both quantitative and qualitative
data
• Quantitative Data • Qualitative Data
• Instrument • Interviews
• Checklist • Observations
• Records • Documents
• Audio- visual materials
Quantitative and qualitative data analysis
• Quantitative Analysis • Qualitative Analysis
• Use statistical analysis • Use text and images

• For description • For coding
• For comparing groups • For theme development
• For relating variables • For relating themes
A mixed methods researcher...
• Collects both quantitative and qualitative

data
• “Mixes” them
• “Mixes” them at the same time
(concurrently) or one after the other
(sequentially)
• Emphasizes both equally or unequally

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BENEDICT V. OMBLERO, Ph.D.

Ø The roles of research;

To gather necessary information

To improve standard of living

To have a safer life

To know the truth

To explore our history buff

Research hones basic life

Description of trends and Exploratory/ Understanding

• Use statistical analysis • Use text and images

• Collects both quantitative and qualitative

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