MVS JCL User Guide Z-OS
MVS JCL User Guide Z-OS
MVS JCL User Guide Z-OS
SA22-7598-01
z/OS IBM
SA22-7598-01
Note
Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information under “Appendix E.
Notices” on page E-1.
Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Part 1. Introduction
Contents v
Identification by Location on Tape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-9
Identification as TCAM Message Data Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-10
Identification as Data Set from or to Terminal (Non-APPC). . . . . . . . 12-10
Contents vii
Controlling Output Destination in a JES3 Network . . . . . . . . . . 24-4
Destination Control to Another Processor in a JES3 System . . . . . . . 24-5
Destination Control to Internal Reader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24-5
Destination Control to Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24-7
Destination Control to Assist in Sysout Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . 24-7
Part 6. Examples
Part 7. Appendixes
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X-1
Contents ix
x z/OS V1R2.0 MVS JCL User’s Guide
Figures
2-1. JCL-Related Actions (User and MVS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2-2. Output from Job Invoking IEFBR14 Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
2-3. Output from Job Invoking SORT Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
This book is designed as a user’s guide, to be used when deciding how to perform
job control tasks. It does not describe how to code the statements. For an
introduction to the statements and for coding information, see the companion book,
z/OS MVS JCL Reference, SA22-7597.
Where necessary, this book references information in other books, using shortened
versions of the book title. For complete titles and order numbers of the books for all
products that are part of z/OS, see z/OS Information Roadmap. The following tables
list titles and order numbers for books related to other products.
Programs
Short Title Used in This Book Title Order Number
ACF/TCAM Installation Reference Advanced Communications Function for TCAM, Version SC30-3133
2 Installation Reference
ISPF/PDF Guide and Reference ISPF/PDF Guide and Reference V3.4 for MVS SC34-4258
PSF/MVS System Programming PSF/MVS System Programming Guide S544-3672
Guide
PSF/MVS Application Programming PSF/MVS Application Programming Guide S544-3673
Guide
Hardware
Short Title Used in This Book Title Order Number
2821 Component Description IBM 2821 Control Unit Component Description GA24-3312
None IBM 3340 Disk/Storage - Fixed Head Feature User’s GA26-1632
Guide
3540 Programmer’s Reference OS/VS2 IBM 3540 Programmer’s Reference GC24-5111
3800 Programmer’s Guide IBM 3800 Printing Subsystem Programmer’s Guide GC26-3846
Licensed books are available only to customers with a z/OS license. Access to
these books requires an IBM Resource Link Web userid and password, and a key
code. With your z/OS order you received a memo that includes this key code.
To obtain your IBM Resource Link Web userid and password log on to:
http://www.ibm.com/servers/resourcelink
If you supplied the correct key code you will receive confirmation that your request
is being processed. After your request is processed you will receive an e-mail
confirmation.
Note: You cannot access the z/OS licensed books unless you have registered for
access to them and received an e-mail confirmation informing you that your
request has been processed.
To use LookAt as a TSO command, LookAt must be installed on your host system.
You can obtain the LookAt code for TSO from a disk on your z/OS Collection,
SK3T-4269, or from the LookAt Web site. To obtain the code from the LookAt Web
site, do the following:
1. Go to http://www.ibm.com/servers/eserver/zseries/zos/bkserv/lookat/lookat.html.
2. Scroll to and click on the News and Help button.
3. Scroll to and click on the Download LookAt from the Web link.
4. Click on the ftp directory for the appropriate operating system and release.
5. Find the README file and follow its detailed instructions.
To find a message explanation from a TSO command line, simply enter: lookat
message-id as in the following example:
lookat iec192i
This results in direct access to the message explanation for message IEC192I.
Note: Some messages have information in more than one book. For example,
IEC192I has routing and descriptor codes listed in z/OS MVS Routing and
Descriptor Codes. For such messages, LookAt prompts you to choose which
book to open.
You may notice changes in the style and structure of some content in this book —
for example, headings that use uppercase for the first letter of initial words only, and
procedures that have a different look and format. The changes are ongoing
improvements to the consistency and retrievability of information in our books.
Summary of Changes
for SA22-7598-00
z/OS Version 1 Release 1
The book contains information also presented in OS/390 MVS JCL User’s Guide.
For the operating system to process a program, programmers must perform certain
job control tasks. These tasks are performed through the job control statements,
which are listed in the first chapter. The job control tasks and introductory
information about JCL are introduced in the second chapter. The charts in the third
chapter divide these tasks into detailed subtasks. The tasks are:
v Entering jobs
v Processing jobs
v Requesting resources
JCL Statements
Table 1-1. MVS Job Control Language (JCL) Statements
Statement Name Purpose
// command JCL command Enters an MVS system operator
command through the input stream. The
command statement is used primarily by
the operator. Use the COMMAND
statement instead of the JCL command
statement.
// COMMAND command Specifies an MVS or JES command that
the system issues when the JCL is
converted. Use the COMMAND statement
instead of the JCL command statement.
//* comment comment Contains comments. The comment
statement is used primarily to document a
program and its resource requirements.
// CNTL control Marks the beginning of one or more
program control statements.
// DD data definition Identifies and describes a data set.
/* delimiter Indicates the end of data placed in the
input stream.
JECL Statements
Table 1-2. Job Entry Control Language (JECL) Statements
Statement Purpose
Job Entry Subsystem 2 (JES2) Control Statements
/*$command Enters JES2 operator commands through the input stream.
/*JOBPARM Specifies certain job-related parameters at input time.
/*MESSAGE Sends messages to the operator via the operator console.
/*NETACCT Specifies an account number for a network job.
/*NOTIFY Specifies the destination of notification messages.
/*OUTPUT Specifies processing options for sysout data set(s).
/*PRIORITY Assigns a job queue selection priority.
/*ROUTE Specifies the output destination or the execution node for the job.
/*SETUP Requests mounting of volumes needed for the job.
/*SIGNOFF Ends a remote job stream processing session.
/*SIGNON Begins a remote job stream processing session.
/*XEQ Specifies the execution node for a job.
/*XMIT Indicates a job or data stream to be transmitted to another JES2
node or eligible non-JES2 node.
Job Entry Subsystem 3 (JES3) Control Statements
//**command Enters JES3 operator commands, except *DUMP and *RETURN,
through the input stream.
Heading Description
“Understanding JCL” Explains the purpose of JCL and how it is used.
“Exercise: Creating and Provides an example of JCL code that you can use as a
Entering a Job” on page 2-3 basis for your own jobs.
“More Complex Jobs” on Explains how to create and use in-stream and cataloged
page 2-11 procedures and how to group more than one job into input
streams.
“Additional Information” on Contains a worksheet for documenting installation
page 2-13 conventions; explains how to use ISPF to allocate and edit
a data set; explains how to use SDSF to view held output
from a job; and lists utilities that you can use with JCL to
accomplish various tasks.
Understanding JCL
To get your MVS system to do work for you, you must describe to the system the
work you want done and the resources you will need.
You use Job Control Language (JCL) to provide this information to MVS.
“Chez MVS”
One way of thinking about JCL is to compare it to a menu in a restaurant.
If you are a customer at a restaurant, you and the other customers don’t just walk
into the kitchen and start cooking your own dinners—that would defeat the very
purpose of going to a restaurant. Instead, from a menu describing all the restaurant
has to offer, you select items to make up an order, specifying which entrees you
want, which salad dressing you prefer, and any other special requests you have.
You then ask the waiter to take your order to the kitchen.
In the kitchen, a team of chefs divides up the work and the appropriate ingredients
in order to prepare each dish as quickly and efficiently as possible. While the meals
are being prepared, you and your friends can ignore what’s going on in the kitchen,
engaging instead in dinner conversation, catching up on the latest news. When the
waiter brings your meal out, you concentrate on your enjoyment of the meal.
Using the information that you and the other users provide with JCL statements,
MVS allocates the resources needed to complete all of your jobs—just as the
kitchen chefs divided up the work to prepare the orders of all the customers.
And just as the waiter conveys the results of the chefs’ work to you, JES presents
the output of the jobs to you.
Figure 2-1 shows an overview of the job-submission process. The user performs the
parts on the left side of the figure, and the system performs the parts on the right.
In this figure, MVS and JES comprise the “system”. Later in this introduction,
distinctions will be made between MVS and JES, and between the two versions of
JES (JES2 and JES3).
JES
Determine Create Submit interprets
the the the JCL and
Job JCL Job passes it
to MVS
System
MVS does
Messages
the work
You use JCL to convey this information to MVS through a set of statements known
as job control statements. JCL’s set of job control statements is quite large,
enabling you to provide a great deal of information to MVS.
Most jobs, however, can be run using a very small subset of these control
statements. Once you become familiar with the characteristics of the jobs you
typically run, you may find that you need to know the details of only some of the
control statements.
In addition to the JOB and EXEC statements, most jobs usually also contain:
v One or more DD (data definition) statements, to identify and describe the input
and output data to be used in the step. The DD statement may be used to
request a previously-created data set, to define a new data set, to define a
temporary data set, or to define and specify the characteristics of the output.
The job for this exercise is to sort a simple file and list the contents
alphabetically. Decisions about inputs, outputs, and processing have already
been made for you so that when you reach “Step 2. Edit the JCL Data Set and
Add the Necessary JCL”, all you will have to do is to copy the example code
provided.
v How to view and understand held output. Running your job will produce three
types of held output:
– System messages (JES and MVS)
– Your JCL code with procedures expanded, overrides applied, and symbolics
resolved.
– Output as requested by the JCL code
Held output may be viewed, printed, or purged. “Using SDSF to View Held
Output from a Job” on page 2-15 explains how to use SDSF to view JCL output.
In the example, “Step 4. View and Understand the Output from the Job” on
page 2-7 and “Step 6. View and Understand Your Final Output” on page 2-9
show you how the output from the exercise should look and explain what each
part of the output means.
If you are not sure how to do this, see “Using ISPF to Allocate and Edit a Data Set”
on page 2-13.
Step 2. Edit the JCL Data Set and Add the Necessary JCL
Use ISPF (or equivalent function) to edit the data set that you just allocated.
Enter the following JCL statements into the data set. Note that all JCL statements
start with the special identifier //.
For detailed information on each of the JCL statements and syntax requirements,
refer to z/OS MVS JCL Reference.
Note: When entering the command from the TSO command line or after a
READY message, you must surround the data set name with single
quotation marks if you include your user ID. However, you can also enter
the command without specifying your user ID and without using single
quotation marks, as shown below:
SUBMIT SORT.JCL
When you do not specify the user ID and do not include single quotes, the
system automatically inserts your user ID before the data set name. (The
insertion of the user ID is for the duration of the current job; it is not a
permanent change to the data set name.)
When the job ends, you will receive a message indicating one of three conditions:
job successful, JCL error, or program abend. If the message indicates the error or
abend condition, review Steps 2 and 3 of this exercise to make sure that you
followed the instructions exactly, then re-submit the job.
If the job fails again, consult the appropriate manual as indicated below:
If the message begins with HASP, the job was failed by JES2. For more
information, refer to z/OS JES2 Messages
If the message begins with IAT, the job was failed by JES3. For more
information, refer to z/OS JES3 Messages.
1 J E S 2 J O B L O G -- S Y S T E M A Q T S -- N O D E P L P S C
0 ----|
15.21.28 JOB17653 IRR010I USERID userid IS ASSIGNED TO THIS JOB. |
15.21.28 JOB17653 ICH70001I userid LAST ACCESS AT 15:21:28 ON WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1996 |
15.21.28 JOB17653 $HASP373 SORT STARTED - INIT 9 - CLASS 5 - SYS AQTS |
15.21.28 JOB17653 IEF403I SORT - STARTED - TIME=15.21.28 |
15.21.28 JOB17653 - ============================================================================================================== |
15.21.28 JOB17653 - REGION --- STEP TIMINGS --- ----PAGING COUNTS---- |--- «1¬
15.21.28 JOB17653 - STEPNAME PROCSTEP PGMNAME CC USED CPU TIME ELAPSED TIME EXCP SERV PAGE SWAP VIO SWAPS |
15.21.28 JOB17653 - STEP1 IEFBR14 00 4K 00:00:00.01 00:00:00.03 1 211 0 0 0 0 |
15.21.28 JOB17653 IEF404I SORT - ENDED - TIME=15.21.28 |
15.21.28 JOB17653 - ============================================================================================================== |
15.21.28 JOB17653 - NAME-user_name TOTALS: CPU TIME= 00:00:00.01 ELAPSED TIME= 00:00:00.05 SERVICE UNITS= 21 |
15.21.28 JOB17653 - ============================================================================================================== |
15.21.28 JOB17653 $HASP395 SORT ENDED ----|
0------ JES2 JOB STATISTICS ------ ----|
- 13 OCT 1996 JOB EXECUTION DATE |
- 20 CARDS READ |
- 45 SYSOUT PRINT RECORDS |--- «2¬
- 0 SYSOUT PUNCH RECORDS |
- 3 SYSOUT SPOOL KBYTES |
- 0.00 MINUTES EXECUTION TIME ----|
1 //SORT JOB '662282,D58,9211064,S=C', JOB17653 ----|
// 'user_name', |
// NOTIFY=userid, |
// MSGCLASS=H, 00280009 |
// MSGLEVEL=(1,1), 00430010 |--- «3¬
// CLASS=5 00430010 |
2 //STEP1 EXEC PGM=IEFBR14 |
3 //SORTIN DD * |
4 //SORTOUT DD SYSOUT=* |
5 //SYSIN DD * GENERATED STATEMENT ----|
ICH70001I userid LAST ACCESS AT 15:21:28 ON WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1996 ----|
IEF236I ALLOC. FOR SORT STEP1 |
IEF237I JES2 ALLOCATED TO DATAIN |
IEF237I JES2 ALLOCATED TO SYSIN |
IEF142I SORT STEP1 - STEP WAS EXECUTED - COND CODE 0000 «4¬ |
Figure 2-2 contains an example of the held output for this exercise. Each part of
this output is explained below:
«1¬ is installation-specific and may differ on your system.
«2¬ contains JES messages about the job.
«3¬ contains the JCL statements that resulted from the job.
«4¬ condition code 0000 tells you that the program ran successfully. You receive
one condition code for each step in the job. If a condition code is non-zero, see
the documentation for the specific program you invoked.
«5¬ contains the system output messages resulting from processing the job. For
more information on IEFBR14, see “Using IEFBR14 Program for Testing” on
page 10-16.
«1¬ Replace the program name with the name of your sort program. In this job,
SORT will sort the input data identified by the SORTIN DD statement.
«2¬ Add the SYSIN control statement. SYSIN specifies how you want the sort to
be done. In this case, you are indicating that you want to sort the fields
from column 1 to column 75 as characters in ascending sequence.
«3¬ Add the SYSOUT control statement. SYSOUT specifies the data set to
which SORT will write its messages. A SYSOUT data set is a
system-handled output data set. This data set is placed temporarily on
direct access storage. Later, the system prints it or sends it to a specified
location.
When you have finished entering the JCL into the data set, submit the job as you
did in “Step 3. Submit the JCL to the System as a Job” on page 2-6.
Figure 2-3 on page 2-10 shows an example of the held output for the completed
exercise. Each part of this output is explained below:
To save time and prevent errors, you can prepare sets of job control statements
that you can execute again and again. You can do this through the use of two types
of procedures: in-stream procedures and cataloged procedures.
In-Stream Procedures
An in-stream procedure is a named set of job control statements in a job that can
be re-executed within that job, simply by invoking the name of the procedure. This
enables you to execute the set of control statements more than one time in the
same job without having to repeat the statements.
Table 2-1 shows a job that contains an in-stream procedure. Its name is PTEST,
and it ends with a PEND statement.
Table 2-1. In-Stream Procedure
Job Control Statement Explanation
//JOB1 JOB CT1492,'JIM MOSER' Starts job
//PTEST PROC Starts in-stream procedure
//PSTA EXEC PGM=CALC Identifies first step in procedure
//DDA DD DSNAME=D.E.F,DISP=OLD Request 3 data sets for first procedure step
//DDB DD DSNAME=DATA1,DISP=(MOD,PASS)
//DDOUT DD SYSOUT=*
//PSTB EXEC PGM=PRNT Identifies second step in procedure
//DDC DD DSNAME=*.PSTA.DDB,DISP=OLD Request 2 data sets for second procedure step
//DDREP DD SYSOUT=A
// PEND Ends in-stream procedure
//STEP1 EXEC PROC=PTEST First step in JOB1, executes procedure
//PSTA.IN DD * Adds in-stream data to procedure step
. PSTA
(data)
.
/*
Note: The maximum number of in-stream procedures you can code in any job is
15.
Cataloged Procedures
A cataloged procedure, like an in-stream procedure, is a named set of job control
statements. However, these control statements are placed, or cataloged, in a
partitioned data set (PDS) or partitioned data set extended (PDSE) known as a
procedure library. This enables a cataloged procedure to be invoked by any job.
Input Streams
Just as you can group several steps into one job, you can group several jobs
together into one input stream. Any time jobs are placed in a series and entered
through one input device, the series is considered an input stream. The input device
can be a terminal, a magnetic tape device, or a direct access device.
Table 2-4 shows a data set containing an input stream of three jobs.
Table 2-4. Job Boundaries in a Three-Job Input Stream
Job Control Statement Explanation
Additional Information
Note: ISPF screens may differ slightly from one MVS installation to another.
1. On the ISPF Primary Option menu, select the appropriate item to display the
Data Set Utility menu.
2. On the Data Set Utility menu, select Option A (allocate new data set) and enter
a data set name as shown in step 3 below, replacing userid with your own user
ID.
ISPF LIBRARY:
PROJECT ===>
GROUP ===>
TYPE ===>
3. On the Allocate New Data Set menu, fill in the fields indicated in the example
below, replacing volser, unit, and size with appropriate values according to the
information you filled in on “Installation Conventions Worksheet” on page 2-13.
---------------------- ALLOCATE NEW DATA SET --------------------------------
COMMAND ===>
4. Note that message “DATA SET ALLOCATED” indicates that the allocation has
been completed.
---------------------------- DATA SET UTILITY ----------- DATA SET ALLOCATED
5. Use ISPF to edit the allocated data set and enter the JCL control statements
into the data set.
6. If you are currently working on the exercise for creating and entering a JCL job,
return to “Step 2. Edit the JCL Data Set and Add the Necessary JCL” on
page 2-4 now.
Note: SDSF screens may differ slightly from one JES2 installation to another. If
you are using JES3, you can use (E)JES or a comparable tool to view the
output.
1. Display the SDSF Primary Option Menu and select Option H
V1R4M0 NZ06 ------------- SDSF PRIMARY OPTION MENU -------------------------
COMMAND INPUT ===> H SCROLL ===> PAGE
5665-488 (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 1981, 1993. All rights reserved.
US Government Users Restricted Rights - Use, duplication or
disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.
SDSF HELD OUTPUT DISPLAY ALL CLASSES 174 LINES LINE 1-2 (2)
COMMAND INPUT ===> SCROLL ===> PAGE
PREFIX=* DEST=(ALL) OWNER=userid
NP JOBNAME JOBID OWNER PRTY C ODISP DEST TOT-REC TOT-P
? jobname JOB20482 userid 7 H HOLD LOCAL
87
jobname JOB20517 userid 7 H HOLD LOCAL 87
.
.
.
b. On the SDSF Job Data Set Display panel, enter the letter S next to the
name of the data set you want to display.
SDSF JOB DATA SET DISPLAY - JOB useridS (JOB20482) LINE 1-5 (5)
COMMAND INPUT ===> SCROLL ===>
PREFIX=* DEST=(ALL) OWNER=userid
NP DDNAME STEPNAME PROCSTEP DSID OWNER C DEST REC-CNT
S JESMSGLG JES2 2 userid H LOCAL 22
JESJCL JES2 3 userid H LOCAL 6
JESYSMSG JES2 4 userid H LOCAL 28
SYSOUT SORT 103 userid H LOCAL 22
SORTOUT SORT 104 userid H LOCAL 9
1 J E S 2 J O B L O G -- S Y S T E M A Q T S -- N O D E P L P S C
0
15.21.28 JOB17653 IRR010I USERID userid IS ASSIGNED TO THIS JOB.
15.21.28 JOB17653 ICH70001I userid LAST ACCESS AT 15:21:28 ON WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1993
15.21.28 JOB17653 $HASP373 SORT STARTED - INIT 9 - CLASS 5 - SYS AQTS
15.21.28 JOB17653 IEF403I SORT - STARTED - TIME=15.21.28
15.21.28 JOB17653 - ==============================================================================================================
15.21.28 JOB17653 - REGION --- STEP TIMINGS --- ----PAGING COUNTS----
15.21.28 JOB17653 - STEPNAME PROCSTEP PGMNAME CC USED CPU TIME ELAPSED TIME EXCP SERV PAGE SWAP VIO SWAPS
15.21.28 JOB17653 - STEP1 IEFBR14 00 4K 00:00:00.01 00:00:00.03 1 211 0 0 0 0
15.21.28 JOB17653 IEF404I SORT - ENDED - TIME=15.21.28
15.21.28 JOB17653 - ==============================================================================================================
15.21.28 JOB17653 - NAME-user_name TOTALS: CPU TIME= 00:00:00.01 ELAPSED TIME= 00:00:00.05 SERVICE UNITS=
211
15.21.28 JOB17653 - ==============================================================================================================
15.21.28 JOB17653 $HASP395 SORT ENDED
b. You will be presented with one view of the entire output (as shown in
Figure 2-3 on page 2-10).
Other utility programs may be available to perform these and other system tasks.
Table 2-5. Tasks and Utility Programs
Task Utility Name
Allocate data sets v TSO/E ALLOCATE command
v ISPF/PDF Data Set Utility
v Access Method Services ALLOCATE
command
v JCL DD statement, DISP=NEW parameter
Delete data sets v TSO/E DELETE command
v ISPF/PDF Data Set Utility
v Access Method Services DELETE
command
v JCL DD statement, DISP=OLD,DELETE
parameter
Compare data sets IEBCOMPR (DFSMSdfp)
Copy data sets IEBCOPY (DFSMSdfp)
Delete records in data sets IEBUPDTE (DFSMSdfp)
Edit/print/punch data sets IEBPTPCH (DFSMSdfp)
Insert records into data sets IEBUPDTE (DFSMSdfp)
Merge data sets IEBCOPY (DFSMSdfp)
Modify data sets IEBUPDTE (DFSMSdfp)
Print data sets IEBPTPCH (DFSMSdfp)
Rename members/data sets IEBCOPY (DFSMSdfp)
Scratch data sets IEHPROGM (DFSMSdfp)
Your operating system consists of an MVS/SP base control program (BCP) with a
job entry subsystem (JES2 or JES3) and DFSMS/MVS DFSMSdfp installed with it.
For the operating system to process a program, programmers must perform certain
job control tasks. These tasks are performed through the job control statements,
which consist of:
JCL statements
JES2 control statements
JES3 control statements
Entering Jobs
Job Steps
You enter a program into the operating system as a job step. A job step consists of
the job control statements that request and control execution of a program and
request the resources needed to run the program. A job step is identified by an
EXEC statement. The job step can also contain data needed by the program. The
operating system distinguishes job control statements from data by the contents of
the records.
Jobs
Input Streams
Jobs placed in a series and entered through one input device form an input
stream. The operating system reads an input stream into the computer from an
input/output (I/O) device or an internal reader. The input device can be a card
reader, a magnetic tape device, a terminal, or a direct access device. An internal
reader is a buffer that is read from a program into the system as though it were an
input stream.
You often use the same set of job control statements repeatedly with little or no
change, for example, to compile, assemble, link-edit, and execute a program. To
save time and prevent errors, you can prepare sets of job control statements and
place, or catalog, them in a partitioned data set (PDS) or partitioned data set
extended (PDSE) known as a procedure library. The data set attributes of a
procedure library should match SYS1.PROCLIB (record length of 80 and record
format of FB). Such a set of job control statements in the system procedure library,
SYS1.PROCLIB (or an installation-defined procedure library), is called a cataloged
procedure.
To test a procedure before placing it in the catalog, place it in an input stream and
execute it; a procedure in an input stream is called an in-stream procedure. The
maximum number of in-stream procedures you can code in any job is 15.
A job can be simple or complex; it can consist of one step or of many steps that call
many in-stream and cataloged procedures. A job can consist of up to 255 job steps,
including all steps in any procedures that the job calls. Specification of a greater
number of steps produces a JCL error.
Processing Jobs
The operating system performs many job control tasks automatically. You can
influence the way your job is processed by the JCL and JES2 or JES3 parameters
you code. For example, the job entry subsystem selects jobs for execution, but you
can speed up or delay selection of your job by the parameters you code.
Requesting Resources
Data Set Resources
To execute a program, you must request the data sets needed to supply data to the
program and to receive output records from the program.
A sysout data set is a system-handled output data set. This data set is placed
temporarily on direct access storage. Later, at the convenience of the system, the
system prints it, punches it, or sends it to a specified location. Because sysout data
sets are processed by the system, the programmer can specify many parameters to
control that processing.
Task Charts
The following charts list the job control tasks, which are described in the z/OS MVS
JCL User’s Guide, in four groups:
v Entering jobs in Table 3-1 on page 3-3
v Processing jobs in Table 3-2 on page 3-5
v Requesting data set resources in Table 3-3 on page 3-6
v Requesting sysout data set resources in Table 3-4 on page 3-8
For each task, the charts list the parameters and statements that can be used to
perform it. In many cases, the same task can be performed using different
parameters on different statements. Where a parameter can appear on both a JOB
and EXEC statement, it applies to the entire job when coded on the JOB statement
but only to a step when coded on an EXEC statement.
The system is designed to enable users to perform many types of job control in
many ways. To allow this flexibility, only two job entry tasks are required:
v Identification: The job must be identified in the jobname field of a JOB
statement.
v Execution: The program or procedure to be executed must be named in a PGM
or PROC parameter on an EXEC statement.
Therefore, the following statements are the minimum needed to perform a job
control task:
LIKE
REFDD
of data for CCSID
ISO/ANSI
Version 4 tapes
of migration and MGMTCLAS
backup
Protection
through RACF PROTECT
SECMODEL
BYTES, CARDS,
LINES, and PAGES
on JOB
USERDATA Specifications
Installation USERDATA
specifications
Identification of Job
Each job must be identified in the jobname field of the JOB statement. This
identification is required and is coded:
//jobname JOB
The next JOB statement or the end of the input stream identifies the end of a job. A
null statement can identify the end of a job or input stream.
Examples
//MYJOB JOB
.
.
//MCS167 JOB
.
.
//R#123 JOB
.
.
//@5AB JOB
.
.
//
Identification of Step
A step name is required on only certain EXEC statements. In practice, name all
steps. The system uses the step name in messages. If you omit the step name, the
system leaves this field blank in messages, making it difficult to decide what step
caused each message. A step name is coded:
//stepname EXEC
Examples
Identification of Procedure
For an in-stream procedure, identify the beginning with a PROC statement and the
end with a PEND statement. Code a name on the PROC statement. The name for
a TSO/E logon procedure should not be the same as the name of any subsystem.
For a cataloged procedure, PROC and PEND statements are optional. A PROC
statement does not identify a cataloged procedure; the procedure is called by its
member name or alias in the procedure library. However, use the PROC statement
to assign default values for all symbolic parameters in the procedure. Then, if the
calling EXEC statement or a SET statement does not assign a value to or nullify all
the symbolic parameters, the step will not fail.
Examples
//PAYROLL PROC
.
.
// PEND
// PROC UT=3800,FM=J287,DT=LOCAL
Example
//INOUT4 DD DSNAME=DS4,UNIT=3380,VOL=SER=111112,
// DISP=(NEW,KEEP),SPACE=(TRK,(5,1,2))
//INOUT5 DD DSNAME=DS5,UNIT=3380,VOL=SER=111113,
// DISP=SHR
After the system executes the step, the JCL stream appears as follows:
Identification of Account
Examples
Examples
/*NETACCT 27FD16
//*NETACCT PNAME=FKRUPA,ACCT=27FD16,BLDG=921,DEPT=D58,
.
.
//*NETACCT ROOM=2T13,USERID=DDFKPGMR
Identification of Programmer
In JES initialization parameters, the installation specifies if a programmer’s-name
parameter is required on the JOB statement. The installation decides what the
parameter must contain.
Examples
The USER parameter can be coded on the JOB statement to identify the person
submitting the job.
Example
Execution of Program
All programs to be executed must reside in a library, which is a partitioned data set
(PDS) or partitioned data set extended (PDSE). The installation should maintain a
list of programs available in its libraries. Libraries are of three types:
v System libraries: such as SYS1.LINKLIB
v Private libraries: specified in a JOBLIB or STEPLIB DD statement
v Temporary libraries: created in a previous step of the job.
Examples
Execution of Procedure
A procedure to be executed must be a:
Examples
Use of Restart
Either form of restart saves having to execute the job from its beginning. If the job
is long, restarting can save a lot of time and computer resources.
For more information about using automatic restart management, see z/OS MVS
Setting Up a Sysplex and z/OS MVS Programming: Sysplex Services Guide.
Example
For more information about using automatic restart management, see z/OS MVS
Setting Up a Sysplex and z/OS MVS Programming: Sysplex Services Guide.
Example
Examples
//*MAIN DEADLINE=(0700,B,012086)
The syntax changes slightly if you specify a date on or after the year 2000.
//*MAIN DEADLINE=(0700,B,01/20/2000)
Examples
//*MAIN DEADLINE=(1400,A,6,WEEKLY)
Using parameters on the //*NET statement, you can make execution of a job
depend on how a predecessor terminated: normally or abnormally. When a
predecessor job completes, a successor job:
v Can have the count of predecessor jobs it is waiting for decreased by one. When
the count reaches zero, the successor job is queued for execution.
v Can be flushed from the system. The successor job and all of its successors are
canceled, printed, and flushed from the system.
External Dependencies
If your job depends on external events, you can specify a count of predecessor jobs
that is one greater than needed. The system will hold the job because the count
cannot reach zero. When the external event occurs, the operator can issue a
*MODIFY,N command to reduce the number so that the job will execute.
Testing a Network
To test a network without executing the programs, substitute the following for each
actual EXEC statement:
Example 1
JOBA JOBB
| |
JOBC
| |
JOBD JOBE
Give the network a name: XMP1. This is the //*NET statement NETID parameter.
JOBA 0 JOBC
JOBB 0 JOBC
JOBC 2 JOBD, JOBE
JOBD 1 none
JOBE 1 none
Example 2
This example shows two networks. JOB3 in network XMP3 depends on JOBC in
network XMP2.
XMP2 XMP3
JOBA 0 JOBC
JOBB 0 JOBC
JOBC 2 JOB3
JOBD 1 none
JOB1 0 JOB2
JOB2 1 JOB3
JOB3 2 none
You can enter a job through your system to execute on another system by coding
one of the following statements. The job can be entered through an input reader, an
internal reader, a TSO/E terminal, or an RJE (remote job entry) or RJP (remote job
processing) terminal or work station.
/*XMIT node
v And received by a VM system with an MVS system running as a guest, code one
of the following:
A //*ROUTE XEQ statement can also be used to transmit records from a JES3
node. Because an XMIT JCL statement allows transmission of records that the
//*ROUTE XEQ statement does not allow, use XMIT JCL statements rather than
//*ROUTE XEQ statements.
For example, a JOB statement for the receiving node must immediately follow a
//*ROUTE XEQ statement. This requirement means that a //*ROUTE XEQ
statement cannot be used to transmit records beginning with $$ POWER control
statements to a VSE node; however, an XMIT JCL statement can transmit such
records.
Examples
If a job must wait for an external event before it can execute, use one of the
following to have JES hold the job until the system operator releases it or until an
event occurs:
In a JES2 system
v TYPRUN=HOLD or TYPRUN=JCLHOLD on the JOB statement. The operator
must release the job.
v A JOB statement CLASS that requests a job class defined during JES2
initialization as held. The operator must release the job.
In a JES3 system
v TYPRUN=HOLD or CLASS on the JOB statement or HOLD=YES or CLASS on
the //*MAIN statement. The operator must release the job.
v A job in a dependent job net; see “Execution when Dependent on Other Jobs in
a JES3 System” on page 5-4. JES3 releases the job when the other job(s)
complete execution, or the operator releases the job.
You may need to delay execution of a job for several reasons. For example:
v If one job is updating a data set that another job must use.
v If the resources a job requires may not be available until an external event
occurs.
Note: You cannot depend on job priorities to control the order in which jobs
execute. The priority specified in the JOB statement PRTY parameter or in
the JES2 /*PRIORITY statement affects the selection order. It does not
guarantee that a job with a higher priority will complete execution before a
job with a lower priority is started.
Examples
//J1 JOB ,'J. COLE',TYPRUN=HOLD
.
//J2 JOB ACCT1734,'T. CURATOLO',CLASS=H
//*MAIN HOLD=YES
//*MAIN UPDATE=DS3
In a JES3 system, use a //**PAUSE statement to halt an input reader. JES3 issues
a message and waits for the operator to issue a *START command or for a remote
work station with console level 15 to send a start message.
Example
//**PAUSE
//FIRST JOB ,'D. SCHOFER'
.
.
In a JES2 system, code one of the following on the JOB statement to copy an input
job without executing any steps:
v TYPRUN=COPY
v A CLASS job class defined during JES2 initialization as containing jobs to be
copied without execution.
While copying the input stream, JES2 scans the JCL for syntax errors.
Examples
//CPYJ1 JOB 1589D10,'I. BUTLER',TYPRUN=COPY
.
//CPYJ2 JOB ,'D. BALLARD',CLASS=P
.
For more information, see remote job entry in z/OS JES2 Initialization and Tuning
Guide and z/OS Communications Server: SNA Programming.
JES2 expects the remote station to be under the control of a remote operator. The
RJE stations can consist of two types of devices:
v Remote terminal, which does not have a processor. A remote terminal, for
example a 2780 or 2770, can be used to enter jobs into and receive data from
JES2.
v Remote work station, which has a processor. A processor, for example a
System/370 or System/390, executes a JES2-generated program that allows the
processor to send jobs to and receive data from JES2. The remote work station
may also include printers, card readers and punches, and a console.
For a discussion of the LOGON and LOGOFF commands, refer to z/OS JES2
Initialization and Tuning Reference and z/OS Communications Server: SNA
Programming.
For a discussion of the LOGON and LOGOFF commands, refer to z/OS JES3
Initialization and Tuning Reference and z/OS Communications Server: SNA
Programming.
The system executes any in-stream command as soon as it is read. Therefore, the
command will not be synchronized with the execution of any job or step.
Examples
In a JES2 system:
/*$SI3-5
In a JES3 system:
//**START
Examples
In a JES2 system:
/*MESSAGE JOB J67 IS HELD. CALL X65335 BEFORE RELEASING J67.
In a JES3 system:
//*OPERATOR JOB J67 IS HELD. CALL X65335 BEFORE RELEASING J67.
Use comments primarily to document your job and its resource requirements.
Examples
//* JOB J67 IS HELD UNTIL THE OPERATOR RELEASES IT.
//* THE OPERATOR SHOULD RELEASE J67 WHEN DISK 398
//* IS AVAILABLE.
To use the information, the processing program must contain instructions to retrieve
the information. Retrieval of the PARM information is detailed in z/OS MVS
Programming: Assembler Services Guide.
Examples
The installation should maintain a list of default values assigned during system
initialization.
Regardless of the FETCH parameter, JES3 sends all the fetch messages to the job
log.
Examples
//*MAIN FETCH=ALL
//*MAIN FETCH=NONE
//*MAIN FETCH=SETUP
//*MAIN FETCH=(DDA,INDS,DD7)
//*MAIN FETCH=/MYDS
When you code the WARNING subparameter on the //*MAIN statement, the system
sends a warning message to the operator when a job’s output exceeds the limit you
have specified.
When you code an output limit on the /*JOBPARM statement, the system sends a
warning message to the operator when:
v The job’s output exceeds the limit you have specified, and
v The warning option has been specified at JES2 initialization as the installation
default.
If you do not code an output limit on the JOB statement, the system uses the limit
coded on the //*MAIN statement or the /*JOBPARM statement. If you do not code a
//*MAIN or a /*JOBPARM statement, the system uses the installation default limit
specified at JES initialization.
If you code multiple //*MAIN statements specifying output limits for a job, or you
code a limit and WARNING subparameter on the JOB statement as well as the
//*MAIN statement, the operator will receive multiple warning messages.
Examples
The following examples illustrate the use of the JCL JOB statement, in either an
APPC or non-APPC scheduling environment, to warn the operator when the output
for a job has exceeded a limit in any JES system:
//JOB1 JOB ACCT01,'D. PIKE',BYTES=(50,WARNING)
The following examples illustrate the use of the JES3 //*MAIN statement in a
non-APPC scheduling environment to warn the operator when output for a job has
exceeded a limit.
Job Completion
When you execute a background or batch job, you can ask the system to notify
your time sharing userid or another userid when the job completes. Under TSO/E, a
background job is one that is entered from a terminal by a SUBMIT command or by
executing a step to run TSO/E in the background. For more information, see z/OS
TSO/E Command Reference. A batch job is one that is entered through an input
stream.
To request automatic notification, code in your JCL for the job one of the following:
v In a TSO/E background job in a JES2 or JES3 system, specify a userid (and
optionally a node) in the JOB statement NOTIFY parameter. If you specify a
node, the userid must be attached to that node. If you do not specify a node, the
userid must be attached to the node from which the job originated.
v In a TSO/E background job or a batch job in a JES2 system, specify a userid in
a JES2 /*NOTIFY statement and, if the userid is attached to another node, the
node.
| v In a batch job in a JES3 system, specify a userid (and optionally a node) in the
| JOB statement NOTIFY parameter and the processor for the userid in the
| ACMAIN parameter of the JES3 //*MAIN statement.
Examples
In a JES2 or JES3 system:
//MYJOB JOB ,'I. BUTLER',NOTIFY=DN62PSS
//MYJOB JOB ,'I. BUTLER',NOTIFY=FARNODE.DN62PSS
In a JES2 system:
/*NOTIFY DN62PSS4
/*NOTIFY FARNODE.DN62PSS
In a JES3 system:
//MYJOB JOB ,'I. BUTLER',NOTIFY=DN62PSS
//*MAIN ACMAIN=2
Print Completion
You can receive notification that your output has completed printing by coding the
NOTIFY parameter on the OUTPUT JCL statement. NOTIFY allows you to send the
print completion message to up to 4 users. The message identifies the output that
has completed printing, and indicates whether the printing was successful.
Example
//OUT1 OUTPUT NOTIFY=(PLPSC.ARNOLD,SMYTHE)
Example
//*MAIN USER=J63ET91
Example
//ODS3 OUTPUT PAGEDEF=IMAG4,PIMSG=YES
The output class for the job log is set by the MSGCLASS parameter on the JOB
statement or, if a job-level OUTPUT JCL statement contains a JESDS parameter,
by the class that applies to the OUTPUT JCL statement. (Note: The MSGCLASS
parameter has no effect in an APPC scheduling environment. If you code
MSGCLASS, the system will check it for syntax and ignore it.) If no class is
specified, the system uses the default class based on the input source of the job;
the default is specified at JES initialization.
To prevent the job log from being printed, code one of the following:
v log subparameter in the JOB statement JES2 accounting information parameter
v NOLOG parameter on the JES2 /*JOBPARM statement
Example 2
//JOBF JOB (,,,,,,,N)
/*JOBPARM NOLOG
Example 3
//J1 JOB 1518,'SECT. E98'
//O1 OUTPUT JESDS=ALL
//O2 OUTPUT JESDS=ALL,WRITER=JCLOGGER
//S1 EXEC PGM=REPORT
This example requests that the three system-managed data sets be printed
normally and that a copy of each be routed to an external writer named
JCLOGGER.
//MYEX JOB ,'DEPT. 28H',MSGCLASS=A
//SYSPROG OUTPUT JESDS=ALL,GROUPID=SYSPROG
//OPER OUTPUT JESDS=ALL,GROUPID=OPER
//USER OUTPUT JESDS=ALL,GROUPID=USER,DEFAULT=YES
//REMOTE OUTPUT JESDS=ALL,DEST=REMOTE,DEFAULT=YES
//S1 EXEC PGM=REPORT
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=A
This example creates four different output groups. Group SYSPROG will contain a
copy of all three system-managed data sets. Group OPER will also contain a copy
of all three system-managed data sets. Group USER will contain a copy of all three
system-managed data sets plus a copy of the data set for DD statement
SYSPRINT: group USER is processed locally.
The system creates a fourth group with a system-generated group name. This
group contains a copy of the three system-managed data sets plus a copy of the
data set for DD statement SYSPRINT; this group is processed remotely at
destination REMOTE.
Or, use an OUTPUT JCL statement with a JESDS parameter to control printing of
the system-managed data sets. Note that care is needed in specifying the OUTPUT
JESDS statement and the sysout DD statement because:
v Any values on the sysout DD statement override those on the OUTPUT JCL
statement.
v The values on the OUTPUT JCL statement always apply to the system-managed
data sets.
Therefore, the output parameters used to process the system-managed output data
sets and sysout data sets can be different, even when the data sets all reference
the same OUTPUT JCL statement. For example, if the sysout DD statement
Example 1
//J1 JOB DF16,MSGCLASS=B
//S1 EXEC PGM=ABC
//OUT DD SYSOUT=*
Example 2
//SYSDS JOB ,'J. HIGGINS', MSGCLASS=A
//OUT1 OUTPUT JESDS=ALL,GROUPID=JOINT,DEFAULT=YES
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=REPORT
//REQPRT DD SYSOUT=A
This example shows how to combine sysout data sets and system-managed output
data sets in one output group. The system prints sysout data set REQPRT and all
three system-managed data sets in the same group.
For RACF protection, the user must supply a userid and a password to RACF. The
group name and security label for the job are optional. Depending on the
installation’s RACF options, the group name and security label can be supplied in
the USER, PASSWORD, GROUP, and SECLABEL parameters on the JOB
statement. For jobs submitted by a TSO/E user, these items can be obtained from
the TSO/E logon.
The security environment of started tasks is defined using a RACF class, not
through the USER, PASSWORD, GROUP, and SECLABEL parameters. If these
parameters are specified, the started task will fail.
In any RACF installation, the USER and the PASSWORD are required, and the
GROUP and the SECLABEL are optional parameters on JOB statements for the
following:
v Batch jobs submitted through an input stream, such as a card reader:
– if the job requires access to RACF-protected resources, or
– if the installation requires that all jobs have RACF identification.
v Jobs submitted by one RACF-defined user for another user. In this case, the JOB
statement must specify the other user’s userid and might need a password. The
group id and security label are optional.
v Jobs that execute at another network node that uses RACF protection.
Examples
A library is a partitioned data set (PDS) or a partitioned data set extended (PDSE)
on direct access storage. PDSs and PDSEs are divided into partitions, called
members. In a library, each member contains a program or part of a program.
For details on creating and deleting members in a PDS or PDSE, see z/OS
DFSMS: Using Data Sets.
System Library
Unless a job or step specifies a private library, the system searches for a program
in the system libraries when you code:
//stepname EXEC PGM=program-name
The system looks in the libraries for a member with a name or alias that is the
same as the specified program-name. The most used system library is
SYS1.LINKLIB, which contains executable programs that have been processed by
the linkage editor.
Private Library
Each executable, user-written program is a member of a private library. To tell the
system that a program is in a private library, code a DD statement defining that
library in one of the following ways:
v To define a private library to be used throughout a job, place a DD statement
with the ddname JOBLIB after the JOB statement and before the first EXEC
statement in the job.
v To define a library to be used in only one step, place a DD statement with the
ddname STEPLIB in the step.
When you code JOBLIB or STEPLIB, the system searches for the program to be
executed in the library defined by the JOBLIB or STEPLIB DD statement before
searching in the system libraries.
Private libraries are particularly useful for programs used too seldom to be needed
in a system library. For example, programs that prepare quarterly sales tax reports
are good candidates for a private library.
To create a private library, code a JOBLIB or STEPLIB DD statement and add one
or more members to it in the job. The JOBLIB library is more convenient than the
STEPLIB, because the JOBLIB is available to every step in the job in order to add
members or to execute already added members. The STEPLIB DD must be passed
or redefined in each step that uses it.
To add members to a library, code a DD statement that defines the library and
names the member to be added to the library.
In STEP1, the system looks for the program named FIND in SYS1.LINKLIB,
because the private library created on the JOBLIB DD statement does not actually
exist until a member is added to it. In STEP2, the system looks for the program
named RATE first in the JOBLIB library.
If several programs for a job are in the same private library, identify the library on a
JOBLIB DD statement. The library is available in every step of the job for which you
do not code a STEPLIB DD statement.
The system searches for a program in the private library you identify. If a job
contains a JOBLIB DD statement and a step contains a STEPLIB DD statement,
the system searches for the step’s program first in the STEPLIB library and then in
the system libraries. The system ignores the JOBLIB library for that step.
For a step in a job using a JOBLIB library, if you want the system libraries searched
rather than the JOBLIB, code a STEPLIB DD statement that identifies a system
library:
//STEPLIB DD DSNAME=SYS1.LINKLIB,DISP=SHR
If a job uses programs from several libraries, you can concatenate these libraries to
a JOBLIB DD statement or a STEPLIB DD statement; all the libraries being
concatenated must be existing libraries. Omit the ddname from all the DD
statements for the libraries, except the first.
The system searches the libraries for the program in the same order as the DD
statements.
Temporary Library
Temporary libraries are partitioned data sets created to store a program until it is
used in a later step of the same job. A temporary library is created and deleted
within a job.
When testing a newly written program, a temporary library is particularly useful for
storing the load module from the linkage editor until it is executed by a later job
step. Because the module will not be needed by other jobs until it is fully tested, it
should not be stored in a system library.
While the system assigns the module a name in the temporary library, the name
cannot be predicted. Therefore, use the PGM parameter to identify the program by
location rather than by name. Code a backward reference to the DD statement that
defines the temporary library:
//stepname EXEC PGM=*.stepname.ddname
In the step that produces the program, code a DD statement that creates a
partitioned data set and place the program in it. A later step can then retrieve this
program. Alternatively, you can use the virtual I/O (VIO) facilities to define a
temporary library. See “Allocation of Virtual I/O” on page 15-47 for details.
Example
//STEP2 EXEC PGM=IEWL
.
.
.
//SYSLMOD DD DSNAME=&&PARTDS(PROG),UNIT=3350,
// DISP=(NEW,PASS),SPACE=(1024,(50,20,1))
//STEP3 EXEC PGM=*.STEP2.SYSLMOD
STEP2 calls the program IEWL, which link edits object modules to form a load
module that can be executed. STEP2 places the module in the library defined in the
SYSLMOD DD statement.
STEP3 calls the program by naming the step that created the library and the DD
statement that defines the program as a member of a library. If STEP2 had called a
procedure and the DD statement named SYSLMOD was included in PROCSTEP3
of the procedure, you would code PGM=*.STEP2.PROCSTEP3.SYSLMOD.
The name of the cataloged procedure is its member name or alias in the library.
If a job’s cataloged procedures are contained in another procedure library, use the
following parameters to direct the system to that library. The parameters must
specify procedure libraries defined during JES initialization.
v Code a JCLLIB statement to tell the system to search system procedure libraries,
installation-defined procedure libraries, or private libraries. The system searches
the libraries in the order in which they are specified on JCLLIB.
v In a JES2 system, code a PROCLIB parameter on the JES2 /*JOBPARM
statement.
v In a JES3 system, code a PROC parameter on the JES3 //*MAIN statement.
In a JES3 system, you can specify UPDATE on the JES3 //*MAIN statement to
update a procedure library. This parameter causes all jobs using the identified data
set and any concatenated data sets to be held until the update is complete.
Examples
//JOB1 JOB
//LIBS JCLLIB ORDER=(MYPRI.PROCS.JCL,SYS1.PROCLIB,INSTALL.JCL.PROCS)
//STEP1 EXEC PROC=STAT
.
.
.
In a JES2 system:
//JOB87 JOB ,'S. WENDALL'
/*JOBPARM PROCLIB=PROC15
//S1 EXEC PROC=ALEG
//INDS DD *
.
(data)
.
/*
In a JES3 system:
//JOB87 JOB ,'S. WENDALL'
//*MAIN PROC=15
//S1 EXEC PROC=ALEG
//INDS DD *
.
(data)
.
/*
In these examples, the system obtains the procedure ALEG from the procedure
library PROC15.
To imbed an INCLUDE group in the JCL stream at the point of the INCLUDE
statement, code:
//name INCLUDE MEMBER=member-name
The system replaces the INCLUDE statement with the JCL statements contained in
the INCLUDE group.
Example
//IDLIB JCLLIB ORDER=(PRILIB.INCL.ONE,PRILIB.INC.TWO)
//INCGRP INCLUDE MEMBER=OUTSTMTS
Types of Storage
In MVS, the storage available for a program is virtual storage or central storage
(also called real storage):
v Virtual storage is addressable space that appears to the user as central (real)
storage. Instructions and data are mapped from virtual storage into central
storage locations, where they are executed.
v Central (real) storage is the storage from which the processor can directly
obtain instructions and data and to which it can directly return results.
Virtual Storage
The virtual storage address space is 2 gigabytes. The address space contains the
commonly addressable system storage, the nucleus, and the private address space,
which includes the user’s region.
When a program is selected, the system brings it into virtual storage and divides it
into pages of 4K bytes. The system transfers the pages of a program into central
(real) storage for execution and out to auxiliary storage when not needed. Paging is
done automatically; to the programmer, the entire program appears to occupy
contiguous space in central storage at all times. Actually, not all pages of a program
are necessarily in central storage at one time. Also, the pages that are in central
storage do not necessarily occupy contiguous space.
Certain programs must have all their pages in contiguous central (real) storage
while they are executing. They cannot be paged. These programs must be put into
an area of virtual storage called the nonpageable dynamic area, whose virtual
addresses are identical to real addresses.
Such programs are the only ones for which you should request central storage. To
request central storage, code ADDRSPC=REAL on the JOB or EXEC statement
and request the amount of central storage needed in a REGION parameter.
The REGION parameter differs depending on whether the program uses virtual or
central storage.
When ADDRSPC=VIRT is coded or implied, the system establishes two values from
the REGION parameter or the installation-defined default. These values are:
v An upper boundary to limit region size for variable-length GETMAINs.
v A second limiting value set by the IBM- or installation-supplied routine IEALIMIT
or IEFUSI. The system uses this second value to limit:
– Fixed-length GETMAINs.
– Variable-length GETMAINs when the space remaining in the region is less
than the requested minimum.
When ADDRSPC=REAL is coded, the system establishes one value from the
REGION parameter or the installation-defined default. The value is used as an
upper boundary to limit region size for all GETMAINs.
Example 1
//J28 JOB ,'F. GOLAZESKI',CLASS=D
//S1 EXEC PGM=PROGREAL,REGION=20K,ADDRSPC=REAL
//DD1 DD DSNAME=A.B.C,DISP=OLD
//S2 EXEC PGM=PROGVIRT,REGION=75K,ADDRSPC=VIRT
//DD2 DD DSNAME=MYDS2,DISP=OLD
This example shows how to request storage for a program that must not be paged
and for a program that can be paged. Step S1 executes in central (real) storage,
without paging, while step S2 executes in virtual storage, with paging.
Example 2
//STEPA EXEC PROC=MYPROC8,REGION.FIRST=750K,
// REGION.SECOND=700K
This EXEC statement assigns space requests to two procedure steps, FIRST and
SECOND, of a procedure named MYPROC8.
In OS/390 UNIX System Services, callable service BPX1SRL lets a program modify
its REGION size. Note that only superusers can increase their REGION size. See
z/OS UNIX System Services Programming: Assembler Callable Services Reference
for more information on the BPX1SRL callable service.
Use LREGION carefully. If the values selected for LREGION are too small, the job
may take longer to run.
Example
//*MAIN LREGION=100K
Scheduling environments differ from the JES2 SYSAFF parameter and JES3
SYSTEM parameter (presented in the next sections). A scheduling environment is
abstract and dynamic. It identifies the dependency that a job has to run on
particular systems without specifically naming the systems. Since a scheduling
environment can change state, the systems where a job is eligible to run can
Also, the SYSAFF parameter controls where a job converts and executes, whereas
a scheduling environment controls only where a job executes. (The SYSTEM
parameter does not differ from a scheduling environment in this way — both control
only where a job executes.)
You can use scheduling environments and the SYSAFF or SYSTEM parameter
together. A job may be restricted to either SYS1 or SYS2, for instance, based on
the scheduling environment associated with that work. The SYSAFF or SYSTEM
parameter may then further restrict that work only to SYS1.
For more information about WLM scheduling environments, see z/OS MVS
Planning: Workload Management.
Example
//JOBA JOB 1,'STEVE HAMILTON',SCHENV=DB2LATE
A specified system processes the job’s JCL and executes the job. The output from
the job can be processed by any system in the multi-access spool configuration.
You should request a specific system when a job has special processing
requirements not available on all systems in the configuration. For example, an
emulation job might need to run on a particular system.
For more information on the JES2 multi-access spool configuration, see z/OS JES2
Initialization and Tuning Guide.
Independent Mode
Examples
/*JOBPARM SYSAFF=SYS2
/*JOBPARM SYSAFF=(S333,IND)
/*JOBPARM SYSAFF=(*,IND)
If a job must have resources that JES3 does not control or that JES3 cannot infer
from the job control statements, name the processor(s) that should or should not
execute the job by coding:
//*MAIN SYSTEM=ANY
//*MAIN SYSTEM=JGLOBAL
//*MAIN SYSTEM=JLOCAL
//*MAIN SYSTEM=(main-name,main-name,...)
//*MAIN SYSTEM=/(main-name,main-name,...)
The requested processor must be consistent with other parameters specified in the
job control statements:
v CLASS parameter on the JOB statement or //*MAIN statement. A processor or
processors are defined for each valid job class during JES3 initialization. If the
SYSTEM parameter specifies a processor that does not execute jobs of the
specified class, JES3 abnormally terminates the job.
v DD statement UNIT parameter that specifies a device-number for a device that is
JES3-managed or jointly JES3/MVS managed. The specified device must be
attached to the requested processor. Also, because a specific device is
requested, the SYSTEM parameter is required.
v The TYPE parameter on the //*MAIN statement must specify the system running
on the requested processor.
v The processing requests made in JES3 //*PROCESS statements. Any dynamic
support programs called in //*PROCESS statements must be able to be executed
on the requested processor.
Examples
//*MAIN SYSTEM=(PRS1,PRS3)
You can use the //*MAIN statement to override the JES3 partition allocations,
except for allocation of partitions for sysout data sets and SYSIN data sets. A
sysout data set is always placed in the partition used for its output class; a SYSIN
data set is always placed in the default spool partition. Depending on how the
installation defines the partitions, you can make JES3 allocate all the spool data for
a job or all the spool data of a particular type, such as output, to a specified spool
partition. Thus, you can limit the number of spool volumes that JES3 uses for a
job’s spool data sets. To control the spool partition, code:
//*MAIN SPART=partition-name
Example 1
//ONE JOB ,'PAT EGAN'
//*MAIN SYSTEM=SY2
//S1 EXEC PGM=ABC
//OUT1 DD SYSOUT=N
//OUT2 DD SYSOUT=S
The job’s input spool data sets are allocated to the default spool partition, PARTA.
Because the job executes on processor SY2 and no partition is assigned for output
class N, the sysout data set OUT1 is allocated to partition PARTC.
Example 2
//TWO JOB ,'LEE BURKET'
//*MAIN CLASS=IMSBATCH,SYSTEM=SY2
//S1 EXEC PGM=DEF
//OUT1 DD SYSOUT=N
//OUT2 DD SYSOUT=S
During initialization, the installation assigned spool partitions as for job ONE, with
the following addition:
v PARTB is assigned to job class IMSBATCH.
The sysout data set OUT1 is allocated to partition PARTB, the job class’s partition.
Note that the job class’s partition overrides the processor’s partition.
Example 3
//THREE JOB ,'T. POLAKOWSKI'
//*MAIN CLASS=IMSBATCH,SPART=PARTE,SYSTEM=SY2
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=GHI
//OUT DD SYSOUT=N
//OUT2 DD SYSOUT=S
The sysout data set OUT1 is allocated to partition PARTE, as specified in the
SPART parameter. Note that the SPART parameter overrides the processor’s
partition and the job class’s partition.
Either the THEN clause or ELSE clause must contain at least one EXEC statement.
The EXEC statement indicates a job step that the system executes based on its
evaluation of the relational expression. A THEN or ELSE clause that does not
contain an EXEC statement is a null clause.
Compatible Return Code Tests: The system applies the return code tests on the
IF/THEN/ELSE/ENDIF statement construct to the return code, if any, produced by a
job, step, or procedure step in the job. To take advantage of this statement
construct, the return codes for each step should have compatible meanings. For
example, the COBOL compiler and the linkage editor have compatible return codes:
To continue processing in spite of small errors, code the return code test as follows:
//NOTBAD IF (RC > 4) THEN
//BADERR EXEC PGM=ERRRTN
//NOGOOD ELSE
//NEXTSTEP EXEC
// ENDIF
When a previous job step has a return code greater than 4, step BADERR executes
an error routine procedure called ERRRTN. When the return code on all previous
job steps is less than or equal to 4, the ELSE statement allows processing to
continue with step NEXTSTEP.
Step Level Evaluation: To test a single step, code the stepname of the step you
want to test. To test a procedure step, code the stepname.procstepname of the
procedure step you want to test. If the step or procedure step that you are
evaluating did not execute, was cancelled or ended abnormally, the result of the
evaluation is false.
The system evaluates a COND parameter on the first EXEC statement in a job as
false. However, you can use an IF statement before the first EXEC statement in a
job to bypass the step.
Testing for an Abend Condition: When a job step abends, the system scans the
remaining steps for an IF/THEN/ELSE/ENDIF statement construct that tests for an
abend or abend completion code. If none is present, the system terminates the job.
Code one of the following to execute an error routine program after an abend:
//IFBAD IF (ABEND) THEN
//ERROR EXEC PGM=ERRRTN
// ENDIF
//NEXTSTEP EXEC
or:
The system executes step ERROR only when one or more of the preceding steps
abnormally terminates.
The system executes the program CLEANUP when a previous step has the system
abend completion code 0C4.
For more information about errors that prevent execution regardless of IF statement
tests, see z/OS MVS JCL Reference.
If the evaluation of the relational expression is false, the system bypasses STEP3
and continues processing with step NEXTSTEP.
The relational expression tests that an abend did not occur in procedure LINK,
called by the EXEC statement in STEP4. If the relational expression is true, no
abend occurred. The null THEN statement passes control to step NEXTSTEP. If the
relational expression is false, an abend occurred. The ELSE clause passes control
to the program called ERRTN.
Example 3: This example tests for a user abend completion code in the job.
//CCTEST IF (ABENDCC = U0100) THEN
//GOAHEAD EXEC PGM=CONTINUE
//NOCC ELSE
//EXIT EXEC PGM=CLEANUP
// ENDIF
If any job step produced the user abend completion code 0100, the EXEC
statement GOAHEAD calls the procedure CONTINUE. If no steps produced the
completion code, the EXEC statement EXIT calls program CLEANUP.
The COND parameter on both the JOB and EXEC statements is useful to set
some conditions for all steps in the job and other conditions for particular steps.
v No COND parameters on JOB or EXEC statements means the system does
not perform any return code tests, but tries to execute each step in the job.
If a step abnormally terminates, the system scans the EXEC COND parameter for
the next step for an EVEN or ONLY subparameter. If neither is present, the system
bypasses the step. If EVEN or ONLY is specified, the system makes any requested
return code tests against the return codes from previous steps that executed and
did not abnormally terminate. The step is bypassed if any test is satisfied.
Otherwise, the step is executed.
Note: Certain error conditions prevent the system from executing a step,
regardless of any requests specified through the COND parameter. Other
considerations are also related to the use of the COND parameter. For
information on cautions when specifying COND parameters, see the
description of the COND parameter on the EXEC statement in z/OS MVS
JCL Reference.
Compatible Return Code Tests: The system applies the return code tests on the
JOB COND parameter against the return code, if any, produced by each step in the
job. To take advantage of this parameter, the return codes for each step should
have compatible meanings. For example, the COBOL compiler and the linkage
editor have compatible return codes:
4 Minor errors were found, but a compiled program or load module was
produced. Execution may be successful.
8 Major errors were found, but a compiled program or load module was
produced. Execution will probably not be successful.
12 Serious errors were found. A compiled program or load module was not
produced.
This example asks ‘Is 10 greater than the return code or is 20 less than the return
code?’. If either is true, the system skips all remaining job steps. If both are false
after each step executes, the system executes all job steps.
For example, if a step returns a code of 12, neither test is satisfied. The next step is
executed. However, if a step returns a code of 25, the first test is false, but the
second test is satisfied: 20 is less than 25. The system bypasses all remaining job
steps.
Example 2:
//J2 JOB ,'D WEISKOPF',COND=((50,GE),(60,LT))
Example 3:
//J3 JOB ,'E. SASSMANN',COND=(8,NE)
Example 4:
//J4 JOB COND=((5,GT),(8,EQ),(12,EQ),(17,EQ),(19,EQ),(21,EQ),(23,LE))
This example shows seven return code tests. The job continues only if the return
codes are: 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, or 22.
This example says ‘Bypass this step if 20 is greater than the return code STEP1
issues, or if STEP2 issues a return code of 60.’
Example 2:
//S4 EXEC PGM=V,COND=((20,GT,STEP1),(60,EQ))
This example says ‘Bypass this step if 20 is greater than the return code STEP1
issues, or if any preceding step issues a return code of 60’.
Example 3:
//T7 EXEC PGM=B15,COND=(10,LT)
//STEP8 EXEC PGM=MYPROG,COND=(15,NE,STEP5)
Example 4:
//NEXT EXEC PGM=AFTERPRC,COND=(7,LT,STEP4.LINK)
This example says ‘Bypass this step if 7 is less than the return code issued by a
procedure step named LINK in the cataloged procedure called by the EXEC
statement named STEP4’.
Example 5:
//RCERROR EXEC PGM=ABEND,COND=(4,GE)
This example shows a single return code test. When you do not code a stepname,
the step RCERROR will execute only when the return codes of all previous steps
do not satisfy the test specified by COND.
This example says ‘Execute program CLEANUP even if one or more of the
preceding steps abnormally terminated.’
Example 3:
//LATER EXEC PGM=SCRUB,COND=((10,LT,STEPA),(20,EQ),ONLY)
This example says ‘Execute this step only if one of the preceding steps terminated
abnormally; but bypass it if 10 is less than the return code STEPA issues or if any
of the steps that terminated normally issued a return code of 20’.
Example 4:
//LATEST EXEC PGM=FIX,COND=((10,LT,STEPA),(20,EQ),EVEN)
This example says ‘Bypass this step if 10 is less than the return code STEPA
issues, or if any of the preceding steps issues a return code of 20; otherwise
execute this step even if one of the preceding steps terminated abnormally’.
Example 5:
//EXG EXEC PGM=A1,COND=(EVEN,(4,GT,STEP3))
//EXH EXEC PGM=A2,COND=((8,GE,STEP1),(16,GE),ONLY)
//EXI EXEC PGM=A3,COND=((15,GT,STEP4),EVEN,(30,EQ,STEP7))
In this example, the EXEC statement that calls procedure PROC4 passes COND
parameters to two steps, STEP4 and STEP6,
Example 2:
//TEST EXEC PROC=MYPROC,COND=((7,LT,STEP1),(5,EQ))
This EXEC statement establishes a COND parameter for all steps in the called
procedure. It overrides any COND parameters in the procedure, if coded.
Example 3:
//PS3 EXEC PGM=ADD3,COND=(5,EQ,STEP2)
In this EXEC statement in a procedure, STEP2 in the COND parameter can be the
name of either a preceding step in the procedure or of a preceding step in the job.
Example 4:
.
Cataloged
. Procedure
. PRB
//THREE EXEC PROC=PRB,COND.SP3=(10,LT,TWO.EDIT) .
. //SP3 EXEC
. .
. .
This example shows a procedure EXEC statement COND parameter that tests the
return code from a step in another procedure called by a previous step in this job.
1. Step TWO calls cataloged procedure PRA, which contains procedure step EDIT.
The system is to test the return code from EDIT.
The COND parameter could also have appeared on EXEC statement SP3:
//SP3 EXEC PGM=DEPEND,COND=(10,LT,TWO.EDIT)
To direct the system to bypass all steps in procedure PRB, code the COND
parameter without the SP3 qualifier, as follows:
//THREE EXEC PRB,COND=(10,LT,TWO.EDIT)
In this example, you force step CLEANUP to execute if step S1 executes but issues
a return code of 12 to indicate that data sets might contain invalid records. The
program FIX would clean up the invalid records.
When you code the CANCEL subparameter with any of these parameters, the
system cancels the job when the output exceeds the limit you have specified.
If you do not code a limit on the JOB statement BYTES, CARDS, LINES, or PAGES
parameter, the system cancels the job when its output exceeds the installation
default limit specified at JES initialization, and the JES cancel option has been
specified.
When you code the CANCEL subparameter on the //*MAIN statement, the system
cancels the job when its output exceeds the limit you have specified.
When you code an output limit on the /*JOBPARM statement, the system cancels
the job when:
v The job’s output exceeds the limit you have specified, and
v The cancel option has been specified at JES2 initialization as the installation
default.
If you do not code an output limit on the JOB statement, the system uses the limit
coded on the //*MAIN statement or the /*JOBPARM statement. If you do not code a
//*MAIN or a /*JOBPARM statement, the system uses the installation default limit
specified at JES initialization, and cancels the job if the JES cancel option has been
specified.
Use in Testing
One use for the output limit is during program testing. You can cancel a program
that is in an endless loop containing instructions that send records to a sysout data
set.
Examples:
The following examples illustrate the use of the JCL JOB statement, in either an
APPC or non-APPC scheduling environment, to warn the operator when the output
for a job has exceeded a limit in any JES system:
//JOB1 JOB ACCT01,'D. PIKE',BYTES=(50,CANCEL)
The following examples illustrate the use of the JES3 //*MAIN statement in a
non-APPC scheduling environment to warn the operator when output for a job has
exceeded a limit.
//*MAIN BYTES=(50,CANCEL)
//*MAIN CARDS=(120,CANCEL)
//*MAIN LINES=(200,CANCEL)
//*MAIN PAGES=(,CANCEL)
To allow a job or step to use the maximum amount of time, code TIME=MAXIMUM.
Coding TIME=maximum allows the job or step to run for 357912 minutes.
Example 1:
//FIRST JOB ,'E.D. WILLIAMSON',TIME=2
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=A,TIME=1
//STEP2 EXEC PGM=B,TIME=1
In this example, the job is allowed 2 minutes of execution time and each step is
allowed 1 minute. Should either step try to execute beyond 1 minute, the job will
terminate beginning with that step.
Example 2:
//SECOND JOB ,'M. CARLO',TIME=3
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=C,TIME=2
//STEP2 EXEC PGM=D,TIME=2
In this example, the job is allowed 3 minutes of execution time. Each step is
allowed 2 minutes of execution time. Should either step try to execute beyond 2
minutes, the job will terminate beginning with that step. If STEP1 executes in 1.74
minutes and if STEP2 tries to execute beyond 1.26 minutes, the job will be
terminated because of the 3-minute time limit specified on the JOB statement.
Example 3:
//THIRD JOB ,'A. DOMENICK',TIME=2
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=E,TIME=3
In this example, the job is allowed 2 minutes of execution time. Since the time
specified on the JOB statement is less than the time on the EXEC statement,
STEP1 is only allowed 2 minutes of execution time. If STEP1 attempts to execute
beyond 2 minutes, the job will terminate in that step.
Example 4:
//AAA EXEC PROC=PROC5,TIME=20
In this example, the EXEC statement sets a time limit for an entire procedure. This
specification overrides any TIME parameters in the procedure, if coded.
Example 5:
//AAA EXEC PROC=PROC5,TIME.ABC=20,TIME.DEF=(3,40)
Examples:
//J3 JOB (,,3)
/*JOBPARM TIME=3
Both of these statements specify that the job cannot use the processor for more
than 3 minutes.
Before using a new set of job control statements, you can ask the system to scan
them for syntax errors without executing any steps or allocating any devices. To do
this scanning, code:
v For a job in a JES2 or JES3 system:
//jobname JOB acct,progname,TYPRUN=SCAN
v For a job in a JES2 system, where x is a class defined during JES2 initialization
to force job control statement scanning:
//jobname JOB acct,progname,CLASS=x
v For a step in a JES3 system:
//stepname EXEC PGM=JCLTEST
//stepname EXEC PGM=JSTTEST
The system does not check for misplaced statements, for invalid syntax in JCL
subparameters, or for parameters and/or subparameters that are inappropriate
together.
Examples:
//JB16 JOB ,'M. CARLO',TYPRUN=SCAN
//TG JOB RK988,SMITH,CLASS=S
//S1 EXEC PGM=JCLTEST
//S2 EXEC PGM=JSTTEST
To test with IEFBR14, substitute IEFBR14 for the name of the program, as follows:
//stepname EXEC PGM=IEFBR14,...
Considerations when Using IEFBR14: Although the system allocates space for
data sets, it does not initialize the data sets. Therefore, any attempt to read from
one of these data sets will produce unpredictable results. Also, IBM does not
recommend allocation of multi-volume data sets while executing IEFBR14.
If you created a data set when testing with IEFBR14, the data set’s status in the DD
DISP parameter is old when you execute the actual program.
Because IEFBR14 does not open any data sets, a DD DISP parameter of CATLG
does not make the system catalog a data set, if one of the following is true:
v The DD statement requested a nonspecific tape volume.
v The DD statement requested a tape volume with dual density options, but the
DCB DEN subparameter did not specify the density.
v The DD statement was allocated to a tape volume with dual recording mode
options, but you did not code the DCB TRTCH subparameter.
Examples:
For testing:
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=IEFBR14,COND=(8,LE),TIME=2
Example:
//TESTA JOB ,'E. HARMANTAS'
//*PROCESS CI
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=NEWPROG
//DD28 DD SYSOUT=A
//DD29 DD *
.
.
(data)
.
/*
This example asks for only the converter/interpreter service, CI. The
converter/interpreter scans the job’s syntax for errors. The program will not be
executed or the job’s output processed. However, the job will be purged from the
system.
Example 1:
//S1 EXEC PGM=TESTING
//DS1 DD SYSOUT=C
//SYSABEND DD SYSOUT=A,FCB=STD3,CHARS=DUMP
//INDS DD *
.
.
(data)
.
/*
Example 2:
//J3JB JOB ,'J.T. HIGGINS',MSGCLASS=B
//*MAIN LINES=(50,DUMP)
//S1 EXEC PGM=OLDPROG
.
.
.
//S2 EXEC PGM=NEWPROG
//SYSUDUMP DD SYSOUT=D
.
.
.
If the first step exceeds 50,000 lines of output, JES3 cancels the job but does not
write a dump because the first step does not contain a dump DD statement. If the
combined output from S1 and S2 exceeds 50,000 lines, JES3 cancels the job and
writes a SYSUDUMP dump to the sysout data set for class D.
Example 3:
//JOB1 JOB ,'W. BAILEY',MSGCLASS=B,BYTES=(30,DUMP)
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=TESTPGM
//SYSUDUMP DD SYSOUT=D
.
.
.
If the first step exceeds 30,000 lines of output, the system cancels the job and
writes a SYSUDUMP dump to the sysout data set for class D.
The system can balance the mix of jobs being executed based on the class and
priority assigned to each job. An installation should assign classes and priorities so
that jobs that compete for the same resources do not execute simultaneously.
A JES2 installation can have up to 36 job classes; a JES3 installation can have up
to 255 job classes. Two additional classes are reserved for started tasks and time
sharing users. An installation determines what types of job to place in each class. In
general, jobs with the same characteristics should be in the same class.
For example, an installation could identify separate classes for the following job
types:
v I/O-bound jobs.
v Processor-bound jobs.
v Jobs being debugged.
v Jobs using a particular resource.
Using these example job classes, the installation can assign job classes so that:
v I/O-bound jobs will execute at the same time as processor-bound jobs. This
multiprogramming helps both types of jobs complete faster.
v All programs that use tape drives will be in the same class, if the installation
contains only a few tape drives.
v All programs that use a data base will be in the same class, if the data base
must be accessed serially.
Note that in a JES2 environment the CLASS parameter is ignored for started tasks.
In a JES3 system, assign a job to a job class, which is part of a job class group, by
coding either of the following:
//jobname JOB acct,progname,CLASS=x
//*MAIN CLASS=x
Note that for started tasks in a JES3 environment all class related attributes and
functions are ignored except device fencing, SPOOL partitioning, and track group
allocation. Refer to the z/OS JES3 Initialization and Tuning Guide for more
information about class attributes and functions.
Examples
//MYJOB JOB ACCT24,BIRDSALL,CLASS=F
//*MAIN CLASS=H
Within a JES2 job class or a JES3 job class group, the system selects jobs for
execution in order by priority. The higher the priority number, the sooner the job is
selected. Jobs with the same priority are selected on a first-in first-out basis.
If a priority is not specified, JES2 uses installation algorithms to calculate the job’s
priority based on the execution time and the estimated amount of output. The
operator can assign a different priority or you can code one of the following:
//jobname JOB acct,progname,PRTY=x
/*PRIORITY x
JES2 also uses the execution time and output amount to monitor job execution time
and output. If you do not code these estimates, JES2 assumes installation defaults.
If your job exceeds the coded or assumed estimates, JES2 issues warning
messages to the operator or cancels the job, with or without a dump.
Use of Priority
Examples
//JOB10 JOB ,'FLO JONES',PRTY=14
/*PRIORITY 14
The operator can change a job’s priority; see z/OS JES3 Commands.
Example
//JOB10 JOB ,'FLO JONES',PRTY=14
Priority Aging
JES2 increases the priority of a job as it waits to be executed in the system. JES2
keeps raising the job’s priority until it is executed.
JES3 increases a job’s priority based on the number of times the job is passed over
for selection. A job can be passed over because not enough devices are available
or because another job has a needed volume or data set or because not enough
storage is available.
The installation defines priority aging; you cannot specify it using JCL.
Performance groups determine how fast a job executes by controlling the rate at
which jobs in the group have access to the processor, the main storage, and the I/O
channels. The installation defines the performance groups. Most performance
groups designate good processing rates under light system workloads. However,
when the system workload is moderate or heavy, some performance groups have
much lower processing rates than others.
Note: The PERFORM parameter regulates how a job executes as contrasted with
the JES3 //*MAIN IORATE parameter, which regulates how a job is
scheduled.
Examples
//J71 JOB ,'ANTHONY B.',PERFORM=52
//STEPC EXEC PGM=WHIT,PERFORM=4
The IORATE parameter indicates if the job contains a low, medium, or high number
of I/O instructions compared to the number of processing instructions. JES3 uses
this value to determine the mix of jobs assigned to a processor: using this
parameter, JES3 balances processor-bound processing with I/O-bound processing.
A correct balance improves throughput.
Examples
//*MAIN IORATE=HIGH
//*MAIN IORATE=LOW
//*MAIN IORATE=MED
How you code the DSNAME parameter depends on the type of data set and
whether it is permanent or temporary or it is copied from an earlier DD statement.
For information on allocation of data sets, refer to “Chapter 15. Data Set Resources
- Allocation” on page 15-1.
Examples
//MYDS DD DSNAME=PLANA,DISP=(NEW,KEEP,DELETE),
// UNIT=3380,VOLUME=SER=167833,SPACE=(CYL,(10,5))
//DSC DD DSNAME=PLANB,DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE),
// UNIT=3350,VOLUME=SER=275566,SPACE=(TRK,(20,5))
//SMSDS DD DSNAME=DESIGNB.PGM,DATACLAS=DCLAS1,STORCLAS=SCLAS1,
// DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
//OLDDS DD DSNAME=EXIST,DISP=OLD
Example (PDS)
//NEWA DD DSNAME=RPRT(WEEK1),DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE),
// UNIT=3380,VOLUME=SER=236688,SPACE=(CYL,(20,5,20))
//ADD1 DD DSNAME=RPRT(WEEK2),DISP=OLD
Example (PDSE)
//SMSDS DD DSNAME=RPRT(WEEK1),DATACLAS=DCLAS1,STORCLAS=SCLAS1,
// DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
//ADDSMS DD DSNAME=RPRT(WEEK2),DISP=OLD
Examples
//NEWGDS DD DSNAME=GDS(0),DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE),
// UNIT=3380,VOLUME=SER=334455,SPACE=(CYL,20)
//OLDGDS DD DSNAME=GDS(-1),DISP=OLD
//NEWER DD DSNAME=GDS(+1),DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE),
// UNIT=3350,VOLUME=SER=222333,SPACE=(TRK,15)
//ALLG DD DSNAME=GDS,DISP=OLD
//SMSGDG DD DSNAME=A.B.C(+1),DATACLAS=DGDG1,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
Examples
//NEWIS DD DSNAME=ISDS(INDEX),DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE),
// UNIT=3350,VOLUME=SER=222333,SPACE=(CYL,5)
// DD DSNAME=ISDS(PRIME),DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE),
// UNIT=3350,VOLUME=SER=222333,SPACE=(CYL,15)
// DD DSNAME=ISDS(OVFLOW),DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE),
// UNIT=3350,VOLUME=SER=222333,SPACE=(CYL,10)
//OLDIS DD DSNAME=ISDS,DISP=OLD
Additionally, in a non-SMS environment only, the system treats any data set that is
created and deleted in the same job step as a temporary data set. For example, the
system treats a data set coded as:
DSN=A.REAL.DSN.NAME,DISP=(NEW,DELETE)
Only the job that creates a temporary data set has access to it to read and write
data and to scratch the data set.
SMS manages a temporary data set if (1) you specify a storage class (via the DD
STORCLAS parameter) or (2) an installation-written automatic class selection (ACS)
routine selects a storage class for the temporary data set.
The system generates a qualified name for the temporary data set. For details
about the format of the name the system generates, see the description of the
DSNAME parameter in z/OS MVS JCL Reference.
The time in the system-generated qualified name is the same for all temporary data
sets in a job. Therefore, if the same temporary data set name appears more than
once in a job, the system might create duplicate data set names. This would be a
JCL error, unless the data set is passed from one job step to another.
In this case, the system deletes the data set at job termination but tells the operator
to keep the volume for the data set.
Examples
//TEMPDS1 DD DSNAME=&&MYDS,DISP=NEW,UNIT=3350,
// SPACE=(CYL,20)
//TEMPDS2 DD DSNAME=&&DSA,DISP=(NEW,PASS),UNIT=3380,
// SPACE=(TRK,15)
//TEMPSMS DD DSNAME=&&ABC,DATACLAS=DCLAS2,STORCLAS=TEMP1,DISP=NEW
Examples
//TEMPMEM DD DSNAME=&&DS1(MEM1),DISP=(NEW,PASS),
// UNIT=3380,SPACE=(CYL,(20,,2))
//GETMEM DD DSNAME=&&DS1(MEM1),DISP=OLD
Examples
//TEMPIS DD DSNAME=&&ISDS(INDEX),DISP=(NEW,PASS),
// UNIT=3380,SPACE=(CYL,5)
// DD DSNAME=&&ISDS(PRIME),DISP=(NEW,PASS),
// UNIT=3380,SPACE=(CYL,20)
// DD DSNAME=&&ISDS(OVFLOW),DISP=(NEW,PASS),
// UNIT=3380,SPACE=(CYL,10)
//ANOTHER DD DSNAME=&&ISDS2,DISP=(NEW,PASS),UNIT=3350,
// SPACE=(CYL,10)
//OLDIS DD DSNAME=&&ISDS2,DISP=OLD
Example
//COPYDS DD DSNAME=*.MYDS
Example
//INPUT DD DSNAME=FGLIB,DISP=(OLD,PASS)
// DD DSNAME=GROUP2,DISP=SHR
A step can contain more than one in-stream data set. Use the DD DATA statement
when the data contains JCL statements.
If the statement that begins the data set contains a DLM parameter, end the
in-stream data set with a statement containing the two characters in the DLM
parameter. Otherwise, end the in-stream data set with either of the following
delimiters:
/*
Another JCL statement, if begun with a DD * statement
Code the DSNAME parameter on the DD * or DATA statement to assign the last
qualifier of the system-generated name to an in-stream data set.
Example 1
//DSIN DD *
.
.
(data)
.
//INSET DD DATA
.
.
(data)
.
/*
Example 2
//DDIN DD DATA,DSNAME=&&PAYIN1
.
.
(data)
.
/*
Example
//J1 JOB 2233,'K.A. BRAND'
//S1 EXEC PGM=MYPROG
//*DATASET DDNAME=S1.MYDD4,J=YES
.
.
data
.
//*ENDDATASET
To merge associated data sets into the job input stream, the stream containing the
DD statements for the associated data sets must be processed by the diskette
reader program. JES2 and JES3 do not support the DSID parameter.
For more information on the 3540 diskette, see 3540 Programmer’s Reference.
Example
//ASSTDS DD DATA,DSID=3254,VOLUME=SER=778356
In the following cases, the system does not mount the catalog volume during
disposition processing of a job’s data sets:
v The job abnormally terminates and data sets with an abnormal termination
disposition of CATLG or UNCATLG were passed by a job step but not received
by a later step.
v The system unallocates a step’s data sets during warm start.
To locate a data set, the system searches catalogs in the following order:
1. Private catalog(s) specified in the current step in a STEPCAT DD statement and
statements concatenated to it.
2. If no private catalogs are specified for the job step, private catalogs specified in
the current job in a JOBCAT DD statement and statements concatenated to it.
3. A CVOL indicated by the first qualifier, if any, of the data set name.
4. A private catalog indicated by the first one to four qualifiers, if any, of the data
set name.
5. The system master catalog.
A private catalog can be either a VSAM user catalog or an integrated catalog facility
catalog.
Examples
//CATDS DD DSNAME=DS1,DISP=OLD
//ANOTH DD DSNAME=A.B.C,DISP=OLD
//JOBCAT DD DSNAME=PRIVCAT1,DISP=SHR
// DD DSNAME=CONCAT2,DISP=SHR
//STEPCAT DD DSNAME=PRIVCATS,DISP=SHR
Data sets on tape volumes usually have labels; these labels can be standard or
nonstandard. If labels are present, they precede each data set on the volume. Data
sets on direct access volumes always have labels; these labels must be standard.
Direct access labels are in the volume table of contents (VTOC) for the volume.
The label type subparameter tells the system the type of labels for the data set. The
label type is coded:
//ddname DD LABEL=(,label)...
For cataloged and passed data sets, the system does not keep label type
information. Therefore, when referring to a cataloged or passed data set that has
other than standard labels, code the LABEL type subparameter.
If you specify SL on a nonspecific volume request, but the operator mounts a tape
volume that contains other than IBM standard labels, the system asks the operator
to identify the volume serial number and the volume’s new owner before writing the
IBM standard labels. If the tape volume has ISO/ANSI Version 1 or ISO/ANSI/FIPS
Version 3 labels, the system asks the operator for permission to destroy the labels.
Examples
//DSF DD DSNAME=ALLAB,LABEL=(,AL),UNIT=3420,
// VOLUME=SER=223344,DISP=(NEW,CATLG)
//DSJ DD DSNAME=CATDS,DISP=OLD,LABEL=(,SUL)
If you specify BLP for the label type, the system treats anything between tapemarks
as a data set. Therefore, if the tape actually has labels, code the
data-set-sequence-number subparameter to position the tape properly; the
subparameter must reflect all labels and data sets that precede the desired data
set. z/OS DFSMS: Using Magnetic Tapes illustrates where tapemarks appear.
Examples
//DDEX1 DD DSNAME=TAPEDS3,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),UNIT=3420,
// LABEL=(3,SL),VOLUME=SER=666555
//DDEX2 DD DSNAME=TAPEDS4,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),UNIT=3420,
// LABEL=(8,BLP),VOLUME=SER=223344
Example
//EX1 DD QNAME=MACRO1.TJOB
In a job run in a TSO/E system, identify a data set as coming from or going to the
terminal in the JOB statement USER parameter by coding:
//ddname DD TERM=TS
Example
//MYTSODS DD TERM=TS
DATACLAS
KEYLEN
DSNTYPE
KEYOFF
LRECL
RECFM
RECORG
LIKE
REFDD
of migration and MGMTCLAS
backup
Description of Status
The process of securing control of data sets for a job is called data set integrity
processing. Data set integrity processing avoids conflict between two or more jobs
that request use of the same data set. For example, two jobs, one named READ
and another named MODIFY, both request data set FILE.
v READ wants only to read and copy certain records
v MODIFY deletes some records and changes other records
If both jobs use FILE concurrently, READ cannot be certain of the integrity of FILE
because MODIFY is changing records in the data set. MODIFY should have
exclusive control of the data set.
Indicate the type of control needed by coding the data set’s status:
//ddname DD DISP=(NEW,...
//ddname DD DISP=(OLD,...
//ddname DD DISP=(MOD,...
//ddname DD DISP=(SHR,...
Note: For a new generation of a generation data group (GDG) data set (where
(+n) is greater than 0), VOLUME=REF or VOLUME=SER can be coded.
When a job has exclusive control of a data set, no other job can use that data set
until completion of the last step in the job that refers to the data set. A job should
have exclusive control of a data set in order to modify, add, or delete records.
In some cases, you may not need exclusive control of the entire data set. You can
request exclusive control of a block of records by coding the DCB, READ, WRITE,
and RELEX macro instructions. See z/OS DFSMS: Using Data Sets .
Several jobs can concurrently use a data set on a direct access device if they
request shared control of the data set. None of the jobs should change the data set
in any way.
If more than one step requests a shared data set, code SHR on every DD
statement that requests the data set, if it is to be used by concurrently executing
jobs.
Examples
//DD1 DD DSNAME=PERMDS,DISP=OLD
//DD2 DD DSNAME=&&TEMPDS,DISP=NEW
//DD3 DD DSNAME=GENDS(+1),DISP=(NEW,CATLG)
The system does not perform data set integrity processing for subsystem data
sets.
To secure control for all permanent data sets for the job, the system enqueues
each data set, marking the data set as requested by that job and noting the kind of
If a job requests data sets that are not available, the system issues the message
‘JOB jjj WAITING FOR DATA SETS’ to the operator. The job waits until the required
data sets become available, unless the operator cancels the job.
When the system has secured control of all permanent data sets, it allocates and
unallocates resources for each step of the job. The job terminates after the system
has unallocated all resources for the last step in the job.
Non-VIO temporary data sets, data sets with alias names, and members of
generation data groups are reserved or enqueued for each step within the job. The
job receives control of the data set for that step in the same way as for permanent
data sets.
When each step terminates, the system releases control of any data sets that are
not used in any subsequent step of the job, except non-VIO temporary data sets,
data sets with alias names, or a member of a generation data group.
Note: When concatenated data sets are involved, the DCB is completed based on
the type of data set and how the processing program uses the data set. See
z/OS DFSMS: Using Data Sets for more information.
The DD statement DCB parameter can ask the system to copy certain values from
the data set label of a cataloged data set, by coding:
//ddname DD DCB=dsname,...
//ddname DD DCB=(dsname,subparameter,...)...
The system copies the DSORG, RECFM, OPTCD, BLKSIZE, LRECL, KEYLEN,
and RKP values from the label. If any of these values are coded in subparameters
following the dsname, the system uses the coded values.
The DD statement DCB parameter can ask the system to copy all subparameters
from the DCB parameter in an earlier DD statement, by coding a backward
reference to the earlier statement:
//ddname DD DCB=*.ddname
//ddname DD DCB=*.stepname.ddname
//ddname DD DCB=*.stepname.procstepname.ddname
Examples
//S1 EXEC PGM=ANYA
//DD1 DD DSNAME=ABC,DCB=(RECFM=FB,LRECL=80,BLKSIZE=960),
// DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE),UNIT=3380,VOLUME=223344,
// SPACE=(CYL,(30,10))
//S2 EXEC PGM=ANYB
//DD2 DD DSNAME=COPIER1,DCB=ABC
//S3 EXEC PGM=ANYC
//DD3 DD DSNAME=COPIER2,DCB=*.S1.DD1
Note: The override order for ACB values is different from the override order for
DCB values.
Examples
//DD4 DD DSNAME=ANYVSAM1,AMP=('BUFND=4,BUFNI=4,STRNO=2'),
// DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE),UNIT=3380,VOLUME=556677,
// SPACE=(TRK,(200,50))
In Data Class
With SMS, the system obtains information about the attributes of a data set from
the data class for the data set.
However, you can specify the name of a data class on the DATACLAS parameter
for a new data set. (Note that an ACS routine can override the data class that you
specify.)
The storage administrator at your installation defines the names of data classes and
their data set attributes. To view a list of data class names and their attributes, use
the Interactive Storage Management Facility (ISMF).
You can also override individual data set attributes. Any data set attributes you
specify on the following parameters override the corresponding attributes in the data
class for the data set.
RECORG (record organization) or RECFM (record format)
LRECL (record length)
KEYLEN (key length)
KEYOFF (key offset)
DSNTYPE (data set type, PDS or PDSE)
AVGREC (record request and space quantity)
SPACE (average record length, primary, secondary, and directory quantity)
RETPD (retention period) or EXPDT (expiration date)
VOLUME (volume-count)
Examples
//DD5 DD DSNAME=DESIGNA.PGM,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
//DD6 DD DSNAME=DESIGNB.PGM,DATACLAS=PGM5,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
//DD7 DD DSNAME=DESIGNC.PGM,DATACLAS=PGM5,LRECL=1024,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
Examples
//DDEX DD DSNAME=DESIGN.EXMP,DISP=OLD
//DD8 DD DSNAME=DESIGNE.PGM,LIKE=DESIGN.EXMP,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
//DD9 DD DSNAME=DESIGNF.PGM,LIKE=DESIGN.EXMP,LRECL=1024,
// DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
//DD10 DD DSNAME=DESIGNG.PGM,DATACLAS=DCLAS10,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
//DD11 DD DSNAME=DESIGNH.PGM,REFDD=*.DD10,LRECL=1024,
// DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
However, you can specify the name of a management class on the MGMTCLAS
parameter for a new SMS-managed data set. (Note that an ACS routine can
override the management class that you specify.)
Note that you cannot override any of the attributes defined in the management
class for the data set.
Examples
//DD8 DD DSNAME=DESIGND.PGM,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
//DD9 DD DSNAME=DESIGNE.PGM,MGMTCLAS=MCLASA,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
//ddname DD PROTECT=YES,...
//ddname DD SECMODEL=profile-name,...
For more information, see z/OS SecureWay Security Server RACF Security
Administrator’s Guide.
//TAPE2 DD DSNAME=NEWDS1,PROTECT=YES,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),
// VOLUME=(,,1,2,SER=(223344,556677)),
// UNIT=(3400-5,2),LABEL=(,SUL)
//DISKDS DD DSNAME=NEWDS2,PROTECT=YES,DISP=(NEW,CATLG,KEEP),
// VOLUME=SER=223344,UNIT=3380
You specify the name of a RACF data set profile on the SECMODEL parameter
when you define a new data set. Use the SECMODEL parameter when you want to
use a specific data set profile for a new data set rather than using your user/group
default data set profile.
The data set profile contains information such as the name of the owner of the
profile, a list of RACF users or groups authorized to access the data set, the access
attempts that are logged, and other RACF-related information.
For more information, see z/OS SecureWay Security Server RACF Security
Administrator’s Guide, and z/OS SecureWay Security Server RACF Command
Language Reference.
Example
//SMSDS DD DSNAME=NEWDS5.PGM,SECMODEL=(GROUP1.PROTA),DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
//ddname DD ACCODE=access-code,...
The system must contain an installation-written file-access exit routine. This routine
verifies that the ACCODE parameter specifies the correct code for an existing data
set and, therefore, can use a data set.
Examples
//DD1 DD DSNAME=NEWDS,ACCODE=F,LABEL=(,AL),UNIT=3380,
// VOLUME=SER=998877,DISP=(NEW,CATLG,KEEP)
//DD2 DD DSNAME=OLDDS,ACCODE=J,LABEL=(,AL),UNIT=3380,
// VOLUME=SER=665544,DISP=OLD
Protection by Passwords
Use the PASSWORD subparameter of the LABEL parameter to specify a password
to be used for protecting a data set.
Note that SMS ignores the PASSWORD subparameter for SMS-managed data sets.
//ddname DD LABEL=(data-set-sequence-number,label,PASSWORD)
//ddname DD LABEL=(data-set-sequence-number,,PASSWORD)
//ddname DD LABEL=(,,PASSWORD)
//ddname DD LABEL=(data-set-sequence-number,label,PASSWORD)
//ddname DD LABEL=(data-set-sequence-number,,PASSWORD)
//ddname DD LABEL=(,,PASSWORD)
//ddname DD LABEL=(data-set-sequence-number,label,NOPWREAD)
To protect a data set with a password, specify PASSWORD when the data set is
created. Password-protected data sets must have standard labels, either IBM
standard or ISO/ANSI Version 1 or ISO/ANSI/FIPS Version 3 labels.
Examples
//EX1 DD DSNAME=ABC,DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE),
// LABEL=(,SL,PASSWORD),UNIT=3400-5,VOLUME=223344
//EX2 DD DSANME=DEF,DISP=OLD,LABEL=(,SL,NOPWREAD)
//ddname DD LABEL=(data-set-sequence-number,label,PASSWORD,IN)
//ddname DD LABEL=(,label,PASSWORD,OUT)
//ddname DD LABEL=(,,NOPWREAD,IN)
//ddname DD LABEL=(,,,OUT)
You can also use the IN subparameter to avoid operator intervention when reading
a data set that has an unexpired expiration date.
When the OPEN macro instruction specifies OUTINX or EXTEND and the DD
LABEL contains an OUT subparameter, the system adds records to the end of the
data set regardless of the DISP parameter of the DD statement.
Examples
//EX1 DD DSNAME=D.E.F,DISP=OLD,LABEL=(,,NOPWREAD,IN)
//EX2 DD DSNAME=EXIST,DISP=MOD,LABEL=(,,PASSWORD,OUT)
This chapter includes the following topics related to the allocation of data set
resources.
v “Allocation of Device” on page 15-2
v “Allocation of Volume” on page 15-15
v “Interactions Between Device and Volume Allocation” on page 15-24
v “Stacking Data Sets” on page 15-37
v “Allocation of Direct Access Space” on page 15-42
v “Allocation of Virtual I/O” on page 15-47
v “Allocation with Volume Premounting in a JES2 System” on page 15-50
v “Dynamic Allocation” on page 15-50
Some of these topics include sections that describe the topic from the perspective
of whether the resource is SMS-managed or non-SMS-managed.
Allocation of Device
The device that a data set resides on is determined as follows:
v For SMS-managed data sets, by the storage class for the new data set,
specified on the STORCLAS parameter of the DD statement or selected by the
installation-written automatic class selection (ACS) routine for the new data set.
v For non-SMS-managed data sets, by the UNIT parameter, specified on the DD
statement for the new data set, or, with SMS, by the SMS default unit, when the
UNIT parameter is not specified.
In many cases, the device used by the storage class that an ACS routine selects is
sufficient for the data sets you create with DD statements.
You can, however, specify the name of a storage class on the STORCLAS
parameter for a new SMS-managed data set. (Note that an ACS routine can
override the storage class that you specify.)
The storage administrator at your installation defines the names of storage classes
and their attributes. To view a list of storage class names and their attributes, use
Interactive Storage Management Facility (ISMF).
To let an ACS routine select a storage class for a new data set, omit the
STORCLAS parameter; for example:
//DD5 DD DSNAME=DESIGNA.PGM,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
To specify a specific storage class for a new data set, code the STORCLAS
parameter; for example:
//DD6 DD DSNAME=DESIGNB.PGM,STORCLAS=STOR55,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
To retrieve an existing data set, you do not need to code the STORCLAS
parameter; for example:
//DD7 DD DSNAME=DESIGNB.PGM,DISP=MOD
If you specify the UNIT parameter for an SMS-managed data set, the system
generally ignores the parameter. There are, however, several cases when the
system uses the information specified on the UNIT parameter:
With SMS, you do not need to code the UNIT parameter if your installation has
defined a system default unit to use for new data sets. Check with your storage
administrator.
The status of a device affects whether the system can allocate it or not. See
Table 15-2.
Table 15-2. Effect of Device Status on Allocation
Status Device Type
Direct Access Tape Printer Punch Graphic Teleprocessing
Online Eligible for allocation
Offline Eligible for allocation when the operator brings the device online Eligible for
allocation when at
least one path to
the device is
online
Pending Unload Eligible for allocation when the Not applicable
volume is specifically requested
Pending Offline Eligible for allocation when the Eligible for allocation when the Not applicable
operator selects the device in operator selects the device in
response to message IEF238D or response to message IEF238D or
when the operator brings the device when the operator brings the device
online. online.
Note that the slash before a 4-digit device number distinguishes it from a device
type, which is also 4 digits, but cannot contain a slash or be preceded by a slash.
Do not specify a device by its number unless absolutely necessary. When you
specify a device number, the system can assign only that specific device.
Specifying a device number will delay a job if another job is using the device.
Requesting a device type allows the system to assign any available device of that
type. For example, UNIT=3350 indicates that you want the system to assign any
available 3350 Direct Access Storage device. For more information on specifying
device types, see z/OS HCD Planning.
During system initialization, the installation can define group names for a group of
devices. The devices in a group may or may not all be the same type. Requesting a
group name allows the system to assign any available device in the group. For
example, if the group named DISK includes 3350 and 3380 Direct Access Storage
devices, the system assigns an available 3350 or 3380 device when UNIT=DISK is
coded. If the group named 3350A includes three particular 3350 devices, the
system assigns one of these 3350 devices when UNIT=3350A is coded.
If the group contains more than one type of device and the DD statement requests
more than one device, the system allocates devices of the same type from the
group. For example, if the group named TAPE includes both 3400-5 and 3400-6
devices and the DD statement specifies UNIT=(TAPE,2), the system assigns either
two 3400-5s or two 3400-6s. If the system does not have enough devices of one
type to satisfy the request, the system terminates the job.
If a group contains more than one type of device, do not code the group name
when requesting an existing data set or a specific volume. The system may assign
one type of device while the data set resides on another type. For example, if
SYSSQ contains all tape and direct access devices, do not code UNIT=SYSSQ for
an existing data set on tape; the system might assign a direct access device.
This rule also applies if the data set resides on a 3348 Model 70F Data Module and
the group name includes 3340 drives with and without the Fixed Head Feature. The
3348 Model 70F must be assigned to a 3340 with the feature. For more information
on the Fixed Head Feature, see the IBM 3340 Disk/Storage - Fixed Head Feature
User’s Guide.
If a nonspecific volume request requires more than one tape device from a group
that contains both single and dual density tape drives, the system assigns the
devices so that the single density drive is the first one used. The default density is
Only direct access devices can be allocated to different jobs executing concurrently.
Teleprocessing equipment cannot be allocated more than once in the same job
step. If a printer, punch, teleprocessing equipment, or graphics device is designated
as a console, it cannot be allocated to a job.
If you request that the system allocate one or more lines of a line group by using a
group name, the system attempts to allocate the lines within the line group, starting
with the lowest teleprocessing (TP) line address and continuing in ascending order.
If the first eligible line in the line group is already allocated, the system fails the
request to allocate from that line group.
The installation describes each device to the system during system initialization.
During this process, the installation defines the device types and group names to be
coded in the DD UNIT parameter.
The installation should maintain a list of the device types and group names. For
more information, see z/OS HCD Planning.
Sending output through the job entry subsystem to a sysout data set is usually
more efficient. JES uses the printers and punches for many jobs without intermixing
output.
Example
//MYDS DD DSNAME=DATA5,UNIT=(TAPE,,DEFER)
Note: You can also use deferred mounting for SMS-managed data sets.
Always request several units when the data set resides on more than one
permanently resident or reserved volumes or may be extended to a new volume
during step execution. Permanently resident and reserved volumes cannot be
demounted in order to mount a new volume.
However, if the UNIT parameter also specifies P, for parallel mount, the system
uses the greatest of the following numbers to determine how many devices and
volumes to allocate:
v Unit-count in the UNIT parameter
v Volume-count specified in the VOLUME parameter
v Number of serial numbers implicitly or explicitly specified
v With SMS, volume-count in the data class
The following tend to reduce the total devices assigned for a step:
v A volume can be allocated to only one device. Therefore, when more than one
DD statement asks for the same volume, the system allocates the same volume
on the same device.
v Requests for direct access space on public and/or storage volumes can be
allocated to the same volume. Therefore, when more than one DD statement
requests such space, the system can allocate the same volume on the same
device.
v Requests for the same public tape volume are allocated to that volume.
Therefore, if a DD statement requests a public tape and specifies
VOLUME=REF, the system can allocate the same volume on the same device.
The following tend to increase the total devices assigned for a step:
v A permanently resident or reserved volume cannot be demounted. Therefore, the
system assigns a permanently resident or reserved volume to its own device, on
which it is mounted. The volume is assigned to its own device even if the DD
statements specify that the device was to be shared with other volumes.
v A direct access volume is requested by more than one DD statement in a step;
the volume is shared by the data sets. The system assigns that volume to a
device and does not assign any other volumes to that device, even if the DD
statements specify that the device was to be used for other volumes.
v The system allocates additional devices for a VSAM data set, if the data set
resides on more than one type of device.
v The system allocates a direct access device for a private catalog, if it is
associated with and/or used to retrieve volume information about a requested
data set.
v For a generation data group (GDG), the system may have to assign additional
devices to satisfy the device type needs for each generation data set in the
GDG.
v When DD statements request conflicting device assignments for a tape volume,
the system assigns the volume involved in the conflict its own device. For
example:
//DD1 DD UNIT=2400,VOLUME=SER=(V1,V2)
//DD2 DD UNIT=2400,VOLUME=SER=(V2,V3)
Example 2
//STEPA EXEC PGM=TESTA
//A1 DD UNIT=3400-5,VOLUME=SER=111111
//A2 DD UNIT=AFF=A1,VOLUME=SER=222222
The system assigns one unit for both volumes. Volume 111111 is mounted first;
222222 is mounted when A2 is opened. This processing is the same for both tape
and direct access.
Example 3
The system allocates two units to B1; volumes A and B are mounted. B2 gets
allocated to the same two units; volumes C and D are mounted when the data set
for B2 is opened.
Example 4
//STEPC EXEC PGM=TESTC
//C1 DD UNIT=(3330,2),VOLUME=SER=(A,B)
//C2 DD UNIT=AFF=C1,VOLUME=SER=(C,D)
//C3 DD UNIT=3330,VOLUME=SER=B
STEPC shows a direct access example of volume affinity for volume B. The system
allocates volumes A and C to share one unit and volumes B and D to two other
units.
Example 5
//STEPD EXEC PGM=TESTD
//D1 DD UNIT=(3330,2),VOLUME=SER=(E,F)
//D2 DD UNIT=AFF=D1,VOLUME=SER=(G,H)
Example 6
//STEPE EXEC PGM=TESTE
//E1 DD UNIT=3400-5,VOLUME=SER=(111111,222222)
//E2 DD UNIT=AFF=E1,VOLUME=SER=(222222)
STEPE is a tape example. The system allocates two units: one for volume 111111
and the second for volume 222222. Note that only one data set can be open on a
tape volume at a time; to prevent an error when the data set for E2 is opened, the
data set for E1 must be closed before E2 is opened.
Example 7
//STEPF EXEC PGM=TESTF
//F1 DD UNIT=3330,VOLUME=SER=(ABCDEF,GHIJKL)
//F2 DD UNIT=AFF=F1,VOLUME=SER=(ABCDEF)
STEPF is a direct access example. The system ignores the volume affinity between
F1 and F2. Volume ABCDEF of both DD statements uses one unit while the other
volume, GHIJKL, uses a different unit.
Example 8
//STEPG EXEC PGM=TESTG
//G1 DD UNIT=3400-5,VOLUME=SER=111111
//G2 DD UNIT=AFF=G1,VOLUME=SER=111111
//G3 DD UNIT=AFF=G1,VOLUME=SER=222222
In STEPG, G2 and G3 request unit affinity to G1. The system allocates one unit to
be used for volume 111111 and volume 222222.
Example 9
Chapter 15. Data Set Resources - Allocation 15-9
Data Set Resources - Allocation
//STEPH EXEC PGM=IEBGENER
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=*
//SYSIN DD DUMMY
//SYSUT1 DD DSN=INPUT.DATASET,DISP=SHR
//SYSUT2 DD DSN=OUTPUT.DATASET,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),LABEL=(1,SL),
// STORCLAS=LIBRARY,DATACLAS=PITTBRGH
STEPH copies an input data set to a new output data set on a system-managed
tape volume to be shipped offsite to Pittsburgh. The output data set is directed to a
system-managed tape library because of the storage class ″LIBRARY″.
Data class ″PITTBRGH″ defines the media type and recording format requirements
of the Pittsburgh data center. If either the media type or the recording-format
requirements of that center changes, the storage administrator modifies the
″PITTBRGH″ data class definition but does not have to modify JCL.
Example 10
//STEPI EXEC PGM=IEBGENER
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=*
//SYSIN DD DUMMY
//SYSUT1 DD DSN=INPUT.PAYROLL,DISP=SHR
//SYSUT2 DD DSN=OUTPUT.PAYROLL,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),LABEL=(1,SL),
// DATACLAS=PAYROLL
STEPI copies an input payroll data set to a data set on a system-managed tape
volume. The installation’s ACS routines must assign a storage class to DD SYSUT2
that directs the allocation to a system-managed tape library. The data class
″PAYROLL″ defines the media and record format required for payroll data. If either
the media type or recording format requirements for payroll data changes, the
storage administrator modifies the ″PAYROLL″ data class definition but does not
have to modify JCL.
Example 11
//STEPJ EXEC PGM=IEBCOPY
//ICOPY001 DD DISP=SHR,DSN=DASD.DS1
//OCOPY001 DD UNIT=(3490,,DEFER),DISP=(,KEEP),
// DSN=USERID.TEST1.ATL,VOL=(,RETAIN)
//ICOPY002 DD DISP=SHR,DSN=DASD.DS2
//OCOPY002 DD UNIT=AFF=OCOPY001,DISP=(,KEEP),LABEL=2,
// DSN=USERID.TEST2.ATL,VOL=(,RETAIN,REF=*.OCOPY001)
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=*
//SYSIN DD *
COPY OUTDD=OCOPY001,INDD=ICOPY001
COPY OUTDD=OCOPY002,INDD=ICOPY002
/*
This example shows data set stacking using VOL=REF. STEPJ stacks copies of
DASD data sets represented by ICOPY001 and ICOPY002 onto an output
system-managed tape volume defined by statements OCOPY001 and OCOPY002.
Because these data sets will be opened serially, only one system-managed tape
library device needs to be allocated.
The installation’s ACS routines must assign a storage class that directs the
allocation of DD OCOPY001 to a system-managed tape library (OCOPY002
assumes the library status of OCOPY001 by its volume reference). Because
OCOPY002 specifies unit affinity to DD OCOPY001, the system allocates only one
system-managed tape library device for these two DD statements.
Example 12
//STEPK EXEC PGM=IEBGENER
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=*
//SYSIN DD DUMMY
//SYSUT1 DD DSN=INPUT.18TRACK.LIBRARY.DATASET,DISP=SHR,LABEL=(,,,IN)
//SYSUT2 DD DSN=OUTPUT.DATASET,DISP=(NEW,PASS),LABEL=(1,SL),
// STORCLAS=LIBRARY,DATACLAS=PITTBRGH
If the IBM 3495 Tape Library Dataserver contains both 3480X devices (18-track
read/write) and 3490 devices (18-track and 36-track read, 36-track write), using
LABEL=(,,,IN) to allocate SYSUT1 means that either device can be allocated.
Device Management
Management Devices
By MVS Any devices not defined to JES3 during JES3 initialization
Jointly by JES3 and MVS Direct access with permanently resident or reserved
volumes:
By JES3 for specific volume requests or for private
volumes
By MVS for nonspecific volume requests or for public or
storage volumes
By JES3 Direct access with removable volumes:
Tape devices
Printers
Punches
Graphic devices
Device Allocation
The job class affects which devices can be allocated to the job. During JES3
initialization, the installation identifies the execution resources, including devices,
that can be assigned to each job class.
The job class is specified by coding one of the following; if neither is coded, the
system assigns the job to the installation-defined standard default class.
//jobname JOB acct,progname,CLASS=jobclass
//*MAIN CLASS=class-name
Catalog Use
For allocation, JES3 accesses the catalog at job setup time, whereas MVS
accesses the catalog at step initiation time. After job setup and before step
initiation, the catalog can be changed by, for example, an IBM utility, user utility, or
system routine. Because JES3 and MVS access the catalog at different times,
catalog changes can cause unpredictable results. Therefore, the installation should
not change the catalog while jobs are being scheduled.
Job setup
For job setup, JES3 allocates all the JES3-managed and jointly-managed devices
required in the job before the job is initiated. JES3 mounts the initial volumes
necessary to run all steps before the job executes. To request job setup, code:
//*MAIN SETUP=JOB
When volumes are no longer needed, they are demounted, if removable, and the
devices unallocated, that is, made available for use by another job. If you specify
the FREE=CLOSE DD parameter, JES3 unallocates the device when the data set is
closed.
If you are using the dequeue at demount facility (early volume release) for
multivolume data sets, JES3 unallocates volumes when they are demounted. For
Legend
For high watermark setup, JES3 reserves for a job the maximum number of devices
of each type needed for any one job step. JES3 premounts only some volumes
before the job executes. When you must use fewer devices for a job, high
watermark setup is better than job setup. To request high watermark setup, code:
v High watermark setup for tapes, direct access, graphics, printers, and punches:
//*MAIN SETUP=HWS
v High watermark setup for tapes only, with job setup for direct access:
//*MAIN SETUP=THWS
v High watermark setup for direct access, with job setup for tapes:
//*MAIN SETUP=DHWS
When the last step that uses a device no longer needs it, JES3 unallocates it.
In Table 15-4 on page 15-14, volumes mounted after STEP1 are indicated by
placing the volume number in the box for the step in which it is allocated. For
example, Volume 3 is mounted at STEP2.
Legend
Explicit setup
Explicit setup is directed by the user. Explicit setup requires the same number of
devices as job setup. JES3 premounts volumes according to the instructions coded
in:
//*MAIN SETUP=(stepname.ddname,...)
//*MAIN SETUP=(stepname.procstepname.ddname,...)
//*MAIN SETUP=/(stepname.ddname,...)
//*MAIN SETUP=/(stepname.procstepname.ddname,...)
The advantage of explicit setup over high watermark setup is that you can force
volumes to stay mounted on devices until they are no longer needed. The
In the explicit setup shown in Table 15-5, four devices are allocated for both tape
and disk instead of the three allocated using high watermark setup. The volumes to
be explicitly mounted, for example, volumes 1 and 8, are not unallocated and then
remounted for the last step.
Table 15-5. JES3 Explicit Setup (SETUP=ddname)
Devices and Volumes to be Allocated Tape Direct Access
Volumes on Devices Set Up Before Execution 1 2 3 4 8 9 10 11
Job Steps U U A A U U A A
STEP 1
tape volume=1,2
direct access volume=8,9
A U U U U A A A
STEP 2
tape volume=2,3,4
direct access volume=8
A A A U A U U U
STEP 3
tape volume=4
direct access volume=9,10,11
U A U U U A U U
STEP 4
5 6 12
tape volume=1,5,6
direct access volume=8,11,12
Legend
To keep JES3 from allocating devices before the first step and holding them until a
later step needs them, break a multiple-step job into several smaller jobs in a
dependent job net.
Allocation of Volume
The volume that a new data set resides on is determined as follows:
v For system-managed DASD data sets, either by the:
In many cases, you can allow an ACS routine to assign a storage class to the data
set and allow SMS to select the volume(s) based on the storage class.
You can, however, specify the name of a storage class on the STORCLAS
parameter for a new SMS-managed data set. (Note that an ACS routine can
override the storage class that you specify.)
The storage administrator at your installation defines the names of storage classes
and their attributes. To view a list of storage class names and their attributes, use
Interactive Storage Management Facility (ISMF).
To let an ACS routine select a storage class for a new data set, omit the
STORCLAS parameter; for example:
//DD10 DD DSNAME=DESIGNF.PGM,DATACLAS=DCLAS10,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
To specify a specific storage class for a new data set, code the STORCLAS
parameter; for example:
//DD11 DD DSNAME=DESIGNG.PGM,DATACLAS=DCLAS12,STORCLAS=STOR55,
// DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
To retrieve an existing data set, you do not need to code the STORCLAS
parameter; for example:
//DD12 DD DSNAME=DESIGNG.PGM,DISP=MOD
For example:
//DD14 DD DSNAME=DESIGNH.PGM,DATACLAS=DCLAS14,STORCLAS=STOR55,
// DISP=(NEW,KEEP),VOLUME=SER=(223344,334455)
If you choose specific volume serial numbers, the system uses these volumes;
otherwise, the system selects the volumes.
Note: All tape volumes in a multivolume data set must reside in the same
system-managed tape library and in the same storage group.
Volume Attributes
For more information on attributes, see z/OS MVS Initialization and Tuning Guide.
//ddname DD VOLUME=REF=dsname
//ddname DD VOLUME=REF=*.ddname
For passed or cataloged data sets, the system obtains the volume serial numbers
from the passed data set information or from the catalog. In these cases, do not
code a SER or REF subparameter in a VOLUME parameter; other VOLUME
subparameters can be coded.
In the following cases, the system satisfies a request for a specific volume with a
volume that is already mounted:
v The requested volume is permanently resident or reserved. The system assigns
the volume regardless of whether public or private use was requested; the
volume retains its original use attribute of public or private.
v The requested volume is a removable direct access volume that can be shared
and is being used by a concurrently executing step. If the request would make
the volume unable to be shared, the system assigns the volume only after all
other steps using it terminate.
v The requested volume is a removable direct access volume that is mounted but
not allocated. The volume is assigned a use attribute of private if the VOLUME
parameter specifies PRIVATE; otherwise, the volume is for public use.
v The requested volume is a scratch tape volume that is mounted but not
allocated. The tape is assigned a private attribute if the request is for a
permanent data set or if the VOLUME parameter specifies PRIVATE; otherwise,
the volume is for public use.
To make a tape volume private, specify or obtain the volume serial number;
because the request is for a specific volume, the system automatically makes the
tape volume private.
To use a private volume, you must give the system the serial number; the DD
statement must specify the serial number or obtain it from the catalog or a from a
previous DD statement through a VOLUME=REF parameter.
“Stacking Data Sets” on page 15-37 provides more information on stacking data
sets on the same volume or set of volumes as well as recommendations on which
method of volume affinity (explicit versus implicit) you should use.
To request that a new data set be assigned to the same volume(s) as another data
set, code:
//ddname DD VOLUME=REF=dsname
//ddname DD VOLUME=REF=*.ddname
//ddname DD VOLUME=REF=*.stepname.ddname
//ddname DD VOLUME=REF=*.stepname.procstepname.ddname
//ddname DD VOLUME=REF=*.procstepname.ddname
To request volume affinity implicitly, specify the serial number(s) of the volume(s)
containing another data set.
When creating or extending a data set, request the maximum number of volumes
that might be required. For non-system-managed data sets, indicate the number in
the volume-count specified in the VOLUME parameter, or by the number of serial
numbers implicitly or explicitly specified. For data sets on a system-managed tape
volume, indicate the number in one of the following ways:
v In the volume-count specified in the VOLUME parameter
v By the number of serial numbers implicitly or explicitly specified
v By specifying a data class that contains the appropriate volume-count definition.
For a multi-volume data set on tape volumes that are system-managed, all volumes
must reside in the same system-managed tape library. These volumes must also be
part of the same SMS storage group.
For a multi-volume data set on tape volumes that are non-system-managed, all
volumes must not be in any system-managed tape library.
If you make a specific volume request for more volumes than units, the system
automatically indicates that the volumes allocated to the same unit cannot be
shared.
If you request multiple direct access volumes in a JES3 system, they must be either
all mountable or all permanently mounted; a mixture is not allowed.
Parallel Mounting
For some jobs, all requested volumes must be mounted before the data set can be
used. For these jobs, request as many units as volumes or request parallel
mounting by coding P in the UNIT parameter.
Processing Order
When reading or adding to an existing multivolume data set, you can tell the system
to begin processing with other than the first volume by coding:
//ddname DD VOLUME=(,,volume-sequence-number),...
Allocation is able to support volumes created in different tape libraries (see Note 1
at the end of this topic) by treating a single DD statement as though it represents a
| concatenation of DD statements. The system treats an OPTCD=B request as a
| concatenation of all volumes explicitly coded on the DD statement, in the sequence
| in which they are coded. (This can affect the meaning of system messages in the
In this situation, the volumes must be the same recording technology but can have
different media types. When allocation processing encounters a DD statement for
an existing multi-volume tape data set whose volumes reside in a tape library, and
that DD statement has DCB=OPTCD=B and the volume serial numbers are
explicitly coded, allocation processes that statement as though there were additional
DD statements, each containing one of the volume serial numbers from the original
DD statement. Allocation processing concatenates these DD statements in the order
the volume serial numbers were specified on the original DD statement, each
having unit affinity with the first DD statement.
| For example, assume that data set OPTCDB has five volume serial numbers
| specified and that data sets A and B are not OPTCD=B data sets. To concatenate
| A, all volumes of OPTCDB, and B, you could code:
| //DD4 DD DSN=A,DISP=SHR
| // DD DSN=DAYS,DISP=SHR,DCB=OPTCD=B,VOLUME=SER=(793284,227996,
| // 382021,427635,946565),UNIT=AFF=DD4
| // DD DSN=B,DISP=SHR,UNIT=AFF=DD4
| Because of the OPTCD=B request, allocation treats DD4 as though you had coded
| the following JCL statements, and assigns the following relative position numbers:
| //DD4 DD DSN=A,DISP=SHR +000
| // DD DSN=DAYS,DISP=SHR,VOLUME=SER=(793284) +001
| // DD DSN=DAYS,DISP=SHR,VOLUME=SER=(227996),UNIT=AFF=DD4 +002
| // DD DSN=DAYS,DISP=SHR,VOLUME=SER=(382021),UNIT=AFF=DD4 +003
| // DD DSN=DAYS,DISP=SHR,VOLUME=SER=(427635),UNIT=AFF=DD4 +004
| // DD DSN=DAYS,DISP=SHR,VOLUME=SER=(946565),UNIT=AFF=DD4 +005
| // DD DSN=B,DISP=SHR,UNIT=AFF=DD4 +006
| The generated DD statements will automatically have unit affinity to each other
| even if UNIT=AFF is not coded. So, if you coded
| //DD5 DD DSN=A,DISP=SHR
| // DD DSN=DAYS,DISP=SHR,DCB=OPTCD=B,VOLUME=SER=(793284,227996,
| // 382021,427635,946565),UNIT=LIBRARY2
| // DD DSN=B,DISP=SHR
| the system treats DD5 as though you had coded the following JCL, and it assigns
| these relative position numbers:
| //DD5 DD DSN=A,DISP=SHR +000
| // DD DSN=DAYS,DISP=SHR,VOLUME=SER=(793284),UNIT=LIBRARY2 +001
| // DD DSN=DAYS,DISP=SHR,VOLUME=SER=(227996),UNIT=AFF=(DD5+001) +002
| // DD DSN=DAYS,DISP=SHR,VOLUME=SER=(382021),UNIT=AFF=(DD5+001) +003
| // DD DSN=DAYS,DISP=SHR,VOLUME=SER=(427635),UNIT=AFF=(DD5+001) +004
| // DD DSN=DAYS,DISP=SHR,VOLUME=SER=(946565),UNIT=AFF=(DD5+001) +005
| // DD DSN=B,DISP=SHR +006
| The second and subsequent volumes of the OPTCD=B data set have unit affinity to
| the first volume of the OPTCD=B data set. (Any error message would use the
| relative position based on each included volume serial number rather than the
| position you explicitly specified.) Only messages that include a relative position of
| +006 refer to data set B.
//ddname DD VOLUME=REF=dsname
//ddname DD VOLUME=REF=*.ddname
v The number of volume serials obtained from passed data set information, if the
DD statement is receiving a passed data set from a prior step. The receiving DD
statement must not specify VOLUME=SER or VOLUME=REF; if it does, the
system obtains the number from the VOLUME parameter.
v The number of volume serials obtained from the catalog, if the DD statement
requests an existing, cataloged data set. The DD statement must not specify
VOLUME=SER or VOLUME=REF; if it does, the system obtains the number from
the VOLUME parameter. Also, the data set must not be passed from a prior step.
v The number of volume serials minus the volume sequence number plus one, if
the DD statement requests an existing data set and specifies a volume sequence
number. For example, if the DD statement specifies eight volume serial numbers
and a volume sequence number of four, the system uses five volume serials: 8 -
4 + 1 = 5. The first three volume serials are not used; the first volume that the
system allocates is the fourth volume.
v The number of volume serials implied by the unit count in the UNIT parameter, if
(1) the unit count is higher than the calculated number of volume serials or (2)
the DD statement makes a nonspecific volume request for a new data set on
direct access for public use.
Examples
When the data set is cataloged, the system obtains unit and volume information
from the catalog. However, if the DD statement for a cataloged data set contains
VOLUME=SER=serial-number, the system does not look in the catalog; in this case,
you must code the UNIT parameter.
If a data set is to use the same volumes as a cataloged data set, code
VOLUME=REF to refer to the cataloged data set. The system obtains unit and
volume information from the catalog and places the data set on the same volumes.
When receiving a data set passed from a previous step, omit the UNIT and
VOLUME parameters. The system obtains unit and volume information from the
Earlier DD Statement
If a data set uses the volumes used for a data set in an earlier step, code a
VOLUME=REF parameter to refer to the earlier DD statement. The system obtains
the unit and volume information from the earlier DD statement. Therefore, you can
omit the UNIT parameter. However, to make the system assign more devices or to
influence device allocation, code the UNIT parameter. The system uses the coded
UNIT parameter, if it requests a subset of the unit type in the referenced DD
statement. Otherwise, the system ignores it.
A volume/unit association may be established during device allocation such that any
other request for the volume within the same step will receive the same unit,
regardless of the UNIT parameter coded, or the unit default if no UNIT parameter is
coded.
Allocation will initially be unable to allocate DD1 (since NOTSYS is not within
SYSDA), so it will temporarily skip it and go on to DD2. For DD2, since no UNIT is
specified, Allocation will pick up the default UNIT of 3380, and successfully allocate
DD2. It will then go back to DD1, and, recognizing the volume affinity now
established with DD2, will ignore the specified UNIT=SYSDA and successfully
allocate DD1 to the same 3380 unit.
System Defaults
With SMS, the storage administrator can specify a system default unit. If you create
a new data set (specifying DISP=NEW or DISP=MOD) on a system with a system
default unit, you can omit the UNIT parameter. SMS supplies the default unit.
There is also a system default for unit affinity processing. This default unit, identified
as the unit-affinity-ignored unit name, is specified on UNITAFF in the ALLOCxx
PARMLIB member and applies under certain conditions when unit affinity is ignored.
See ALLOCxx in z/OS MVS Initialization and Tuning Reference for more information
about the default unit-affinity-ignored unit name. Example 5 on page 15-36 shows
an example of when this default is used.
It is important to understand how the system uses a group name for the UNIT
parameter of a data set that has a disposition of CATALOG or PASS.
The following example shows how the system uses unit information it retrieves
when it processes subsequent references to a data set that originally specified a
group name. Assume this environment for the example:
EXAMPLE A
The JCL to create a data set specifies the group name of TAPE as the UNIT
parameter:
//DD1 DD DSN=A.B,UNIT=TAPE,DISP=(NEW,CATLG)
or
//DD1 DD DSN=A.B,UNIT=TAPE,DISP=(NEW,PASS)
Data set A.B will be allocated to a 3480 tape device that resides at addresses
3C0-3CF.
will cause data set A.B to be allocated to any 3480 tape drive (that is,
addresses 3C0-3CF or 4C0-4CF), because a device type of 3480 is in the
catalog.
Note: If the tape containing the data set that was passed from a previous step is
still mounted, the system will preferentially leave it on that same drive.
If you desire to have the tape mounted on one of the tape drives defined only to
group name TAPE, you must request this by specifying a unit override:
//DD2 DD DSN=A.B,DISP=SHR,UNIT=TAPE
This will cause the system to consider allocating only the tape drives defined as
part of the group name TAPE (3C0-3CF). That is because TAPE is a proper subset
of the device information retrieved from the catalog.
Note, however, that if the UNIT parameter specified is not a proper subset of the
cataloged (or passed) device type, the system ignores the unit override and
EXAMPLE B
The JCL to create a data set specifies a group name of TAPE as the UNIT
parameter:
//DD1 DD DSN=C.D,UNIT=TAPE,DISP=(NEW,CATLG)
or
//DD1 DD DSN=C.D,UNIT=TAPE,DISP=(NEW,PASS)
Data set C.D will be allocated to a 3480 or 3490 device that resides at
addresses 3C0-3CF or 3D0-3DF.
will cause data set C.D to be allocated to any 3480 tape drive (that is,
3C0-3CF or 4C0-4CF) if the data set was originally created on a 3480, or to
any 3490 tape drive (that is, 3D0-3DF or 4D0-4DF) if the data set was
originally created on a 3490.
Note: If the tape containing the data set that was passed from a previous step is
still mounted, the system will preferentially leave it on that same drive.
It is not possible using unit overrides to specify that the tape be mounted on one of
the tape drives defined only to the group named TAPE. This is because the
retrieved device type information will have only one device type (3480 or 3490),
whereas two device types (3480 and 3490) are defined to the group named TAPE,
so TAPE is not a proper subset of the one device type that is retrieved.
In Example B, a unit override of TAPE will be ignored and the data set on the DD2
statement will be allocated to any device matching the cataloged (or passed) device
type. That is, if the cataloged (or passed) device type was 3480, the data set will be
allocated to 3C0-3CF or 4C0-4CF; if the cataloged (or passed) device type was
3490, the data set will be allocated to 3D0-3DF or 4D0-4DF.
When a tape data set is cataloged, the system obtains device eligibility and volume
information from the catalog. If the DD statement for a cataloged tape data set
contains a volume serial number that is not in the SMS configuration, the system
does not use the catalog; instead, it obtains device eligibility from the tape
configuration data base.
For data sets with no volume serial specified, the system always searches the
catalog when a data set is OLD (or MOD treated as OLD). For data sets with a
non-SMS volume serial specified, the system assumes the data set is
non-SMS-managed and resides on that volume, and it does not search the catalog.
For data sets with an SMS volume serial number specified (whether it is a real
volume or a non-existent volume that is in a DUMMY storage group), the system
always searches the catalog; SMS controls volume selection, and the data set
might not be on the volume that is specified.
For tape, if a data set is to use the same volume(s) as a cataloged data set, code
VOLUME=REF to refer to the cataloged data set. The system obtains unit and
volume information from the catalog and places the data set on the same
volume(s). For DASD, storage class and volume information are retrieved from the
catalog. The data sets share the same storage class but can be in different storage
groups as long as the storage groups are of compatible types (such as POOL or
VIO).
When receiving a data set passed from a previous step, omit the VOLUME
parameter. The system obtains volume information from the passing step.
Earlier DD Statement
For OLD data sets, if VOL=REF references a non-SMS-managed data set, the
system assumes the data set is non-SMS-managed and on the same volume as
the referenced data set. If VOL=REF references an SMS-managed data set, the
system searches the catalog because the referencing data set might not be on the
same volume as the referenced data set.
Unit and Volume Affinity for Non-System-Managed Data Sets and Data
Sets on a System-Managed Tape Volume
When two or more volumes are assigned the same device, the volumes are said to
have unit affinity within the same job step allocation. Unit affinity implies deferred
mounting for all except one of the volumes.
In the following example, DD2 is a referencing DD; DD1 is its referenced DD. DD3
is also a referencing DD; DD2 is its referenced DD. DD1 is the primary DD for the
unit affinity chain that consists of the DD1, DD2, and DD3.
//ST1 EXEC
//DD1 DD DSN=A,DISP=(,CATLG),UNIT=3480
//DD2 DD DSN=B,DISP=(,CATLG),UNIT=AFF=DD1
//DD3 DD DSN=C,DISP=(,CATLG),UNIT=AFF=DD2
A related concept is volume affinity. When two or more data sets share one or more
volumes, the data sets have volume affinity. See “Stacking Data Sets” on
page 15-37 for additional information on stacking data sets on one or more
volumes.
To reduce the number of devices for a step, code UNIT=AFF to request that an
existing data set be assigned to the same device(s) assigned for an earlier DD
statement in the same step. Code:
//ddname DD UNIT=AFF=ddname,...
Note: Do not specify UNIT=AFF for a NEW (or MOD treated as NEW) data set that
references a non-SMS-managed DASD data set; the allocation will fail.
When you use explicit unit affinity, it is recommended that you use UNIT=AFF to
reference the previous DD in the unit affinity chain, rather than the primary DD. That
is, code:
//DD1 DD DSNAME=dataset1,...
//DD2 DD DSNAME=dataset2,UNIT=AFF=DD1,...
//DD3 DD DSNAME=dataset3,UNIT=AFF=DD2,...
//DD4 DD DSNAME=dataset3,UNIT=AFF=DD3,...
rather than:
//DD1 DD DSNAME=dataset1,...
//DD2 DD DSNAME=dataset2,UNIT=AFF=DD1,...
//DD3 DD DSNAME=dataset3,UNIT=AFF=DD1,...
//DD4 DD DSNAME=dataset3,UNIT=AFF=DD1,...
Always referencing the previous DD means that, if any condition causes the system
to ignore unit affinity for one of the DDs in the chain, any subsequent DDs in the
chain will still be allocated to a single unit, rather than to different units.
Implied unit affinity exists among the volumes for one data set when the DD
statement requests more volumes than devices.
Attention: If all of the following conditions are present, the data set on the
referencing DD statement, which requests unit affinity, is written over by the data
set on the referenced DD statement:
v The referenced DD statement makes a nonspecific volume request.
v The data set on the referencing DD statement is opened before the referenced
data set.
v The tape is not unloaded before the referenced data set is opened and the
LABEL parameter does not request positioning of the tape to check tape labels.
A tape device allocated to more than one data set is not unloaded when it is
dynamically unallocated, or when it is closed and FREE=CLOSE is specified.
Table 15-6 on page 15-31 contains examples that apply unit-affinity principles to
data sets requested on system-managed tape volumes. The system verifies that the
primary (referenced) DD statement has a device pool that is a proper subset of the
secondary (referencing) DD statement. Therefore, the system honors unit-affinity
requests only when each device type to which the primary DD statement is eligible
is also contained in the device pool of the secondary DD statement.
Note: 348X is the device type for the 3490 model tape drives and 3490 is the
device type for the 3490E model tape drives.
Device Eligibility
Non-system-managed data sets are eligible to a device when they can be allocated
to that device type. The data sets on a system-managed tape volume are eligible to
a device when they can be allocated to that device type, and when both the volume
and the device reside in the same system-managed tape library. The catalog
contains information about the types of devices to which a data set is eligible only if
the data set is cataloged.
For the system to honor a request for unit affinity, the referenced DD must be
eligible to the same devices as the referencing DD statement. In addition, the
devices to which the referenced DD statement is eligible must either be a subset of,
or the same as, the devices to which the referencing DD is eligible. In all other
cases, the system ignores unit affinity, but the allocation will succeed.
If you do not request volume affinity, or the request for volume affinity does not
break the unit affinity (see “Interaction of Unit and Volume Affinity Requests” on
page 15-33), the following unit affinities will result:
v DD1 and DD2 can have unit affinity, because DD1 and DD2 are both eligible to a
3480 and a 3480X.
v DD4 can have unit affinity to DD3, because DD3 and DD4 are both eligible to a
3480X.
v Neither DD3 nor DD4 can have unit affinity to DD1, because neither is eligible to
a 3480. Thus, the system ignores unit affinity for DD3 or DD4; DD3 and DD4 are
not eligible for the same devices as DD1.
The system will not honor unit affinity when all of the following conditions are met:
v The referenced DD is eligible to a 3480X device
v The referencing DD is eligible to both a 3480 and a 3480X device
v The system was initialized to attempt to allocate a 3480 before a 3480X.
In this example, the system does not honor the request for unit affinity; each DD
statement is allocated to a separate device.
If both unit and volume affinity are requested in the same step, sometimes only one
affinity can be honored. Table 15-7 indicates how the system honors unit and
volume affinity requests for either tape or direct access devices.
Table 15-7. Unit and Volume Affinity (Non-SMS-Managed Data Sets)
Relationship of Unit and Volume Affinity
Requests Tape Direct Access
All unit and volume affinity requests The system honors all unit and volume affinity requests.
unrelated
The system assigns DD2 to the
Example for Tape:
same unit as DD1. The system
//DD1 DD VOLUME=SER=A,UNIT=3490
uses the same unit for volume C
//DD2 DD VOLUME=SER=B,UNIT=AFF=DD1
for both DD3 and DD4. The
//DD3 DD VOLUME=SER=(C,D),UNIT=3490
system will allocate a total of 3
//DD4 DD VOLUME=SER=C,UNIT=3490
devices for this series of
Example for Direct Access:
requests.
//DD1 DD VOLUME=SER=A,UNIT=3340
//DD2 DD VOLUME=SER=B,UNIT=AFF=DD1 The system assigns DD2 to the
//DD3 DD VOLUME=SER=C,UNIT=3340 same unit as DD1. The system
//DD4 DD VOLUME=SER=C,UNIT=3340 uses the same unit for volume C
1. Unit affinity is explicitly requested between for both DD3 and DD4. The
DD1 and DD2. system will allocate a total of 2
2. Volume affinity is implicitly requested devices for this series of
between DD3 and DD4. requests.
All unit and volume affinity requests related The system honors all unit The system honors all volume
Example for Tape: affinity requests and ignores all affinities contained in the unit
//DD1 DD VOLUME=SER=(A,D),UNIT=3490 volume affinity requests. affinity request; these volumes
//DD2 DD VOLUME=SER=(A,B), Results: all volumes use the use the same unit. The other
// UNIT=AFF=DD1 same unit. volumes in the unit affinity
Example for Direct Access: request use a different unit.
//DD1 DD VOLUME=SER=(A,D),UNIT=3340
//DD2 DD VOLUME=SER=(A,B),
The system assigns DD2 to the
// UNIT=AFF=DD1
same unit as DD1.
1. DD1 implies unit affinity because both
volumes use the same unit.
2. Unit affinity is explicitly requested between The system assigns volume A
DD1 and DD2. for DD2 to the same 3340 as
3. Volume affinity is implicitly requested volume A for DD1. Volumes D
between DD1 and DD2, because both and B use the other 3340.
request volume A.
If you code only volume affinity for a multivolume data set, the following can
happen:
v The system assigns the requested volumes and allocates them to a device.
Thus, the device is to be shared by all the DD statements requesting volume
affinity.
v The system asks the operator to mount the first volume for the referenced DD
statement on the allocated device.
v At the end of the first volume, the system asks the operator to demount the first
volume and mount the second volume.
v If the data set is reopened, the system asks the operator to remount the first
volume on a device not used for the volume affinity request.
v When the system processes the referring DD statement, it asks the operator to
mount the first volume on the device assigned to the volume affinity request. The
job now enters a wait because the system has requested the first volume on two
different devices.
For example, if your installation uses tape mount management (TMM) methodology,
it is possible the ACS routines will redirect some, but not necessarily all, of the DDs
in a unit affinity chain to SMS-managed DASD. This redirection can cause a mix of
different device categories (such as SMS-managed tape, SMS-managed DASD,
non-SMS-managed tape, non-SMS-managed DASD) within a unit affinity chain, as
shown in Examples 1 and 5.
When the system ignores unit affinity, message IEF278I indicates that unit affinity
was ignored and provides a reason code.
Example 1
//DD1 DD DSNAME=P,DISP=NEW,UNIT=3480
//* (P is redirected to SMSD, an SMS-managed DASD volume)
//DD2 DD DSNAME=Q,DISP=NEW,UNIT=AFF=DD1
//* (Q is redirected to SMST, an SMS-managed TAPE volume)
In this example, the ACS routines have redirected data set P from
non-SMS-managed tape to SMSD, an SMS-managed DASD volume; the ACS
routines have also redirected data set Q from non-SMS-managed tape to SMST, an
SMS-managed tape volume. DD2 requests unit affinity with DD1, but the system
ignores the request because the redirection resulted in inconsistent device
categories.
The system issues message IEF278I with reason code 1, indicating that one of the
DDs is an SMS-managed request and the other is not.
Example 2
//DD1 DD DSNAME=PAYROLL,DISP=OLD
The following example shows the JCL the system creates for the GDG ALL request
for the PAYROLL data set; the catalog contains 4 entries, one on tape and three on
DASD.
//DD1 DD DSNAME=PAYROLL(0),DISP=OLD,UNIT=3480,
// VOLUME=SER=TAPE01
// DD DSNAME=PAYROLL(-1),DISP=OLD
// VOLUME=SER=DISK03,UNIT=AFF=DD1
// DD DSNAME=PAYROLL(-2),DISP=OLD,
// VOLUME=SER=DISK02,UNIT=AFF=DD1
// DD DSNAME=PAYROLL(-3),DISP=OLD,
// VOLUME=SER=DISK01,UNIT=AFF=DD1
The system ignores unit affinity. PAYROLL(0) is a tape and cannot share a unit with
the other data sets, which reside on DASD. Because the DASD volumes are
non-removable, the system allocates a separate volume to PAYROLL(-1), to
PAYROLL(-2), and to PAYROLL(-3).
The system issues message IEF278I with a reason code of 2, indicating that the
DDs requested incompatible generics.
Example 3
//DD1 DD DSNAME=P,DISP=OLD
//* (P is cataloged on TEST1 in tape Library TL1)
//* (Tape Library TL1 is eligible to 3480 devices)
//DD2 DD DSNAME=Q,DISP=OLD,UNIT=AFF=DD1
//* (Q is cataloged on TEST2 in tape Library TL2)
//* (Tape Library TL2 is eligible to 3490 devices)
The system ignores the unit affinity request. P is cataloged on volume TEST1,
which resides in the TL1 tape library, and Q is cataloged on volume TEST2, which
resides in the TL2 tape library.
The system issues IEF278I with a reason code of 3, indicating that the DDs
requested incompatible tape libraries.
Example 4
//DD1 DD DSNAME=R,DISP=OLD
//* (R is cataloged on T2, a 3480 tape)
//DD2 DD DSNAME=S,DISP=OLD,UNIT=AFF=DD1
//* (S is cataloged on T3, a 3480X tape)
The system ignores the unit affinity request. DD1 is a 3480 tape volume, but DD2
needs a 3480X tape volume, which is not compatible with 3480.
The system issues message IEF278I with a reason code of 4, indicating that
devices associated with the referenced DD (DD1) are not a subset of the devices
associated with the referencing DD (DD2).
Example 5
//S1 EXEC ...
//DD1 DD DSNAME=W,DISP=(,CATALG),UNIT=3480,VOL=SER=TAPE01
//* (W is redirected to SD2, an SMS-managed DASD volume)
//S2 EXEC ...
In this example, the ACS routines have redirected data set W from
non-SMS-managed tape to SD2, an SMS-managed DASD volume; the ACS
routines have not redirected data set X. The system cannot honor the unit affinity
request for DD2 in step S2 because the redirection resulted in inconsistent device
categories. Therefore, the system allocates data set X as a non-SMS-managed
data set on the default unit-affinity-ignored unit (named on UNITAFF in the
ALLOCxx parmlib member).
The system issues message IEF278I with a reason code of 5, indicating that the
referencing request (DD2) is a non-SMS-managed data set and the referenced
request (DD1) is an SMS-managed data set.
A data set collection is the collection of data sets you intend to allocate on the
same tape volume or set of tape volumes as a result of data set stacking. You can
stack data sets on a single volume (that is, a data set resides on one volume but
shares that volume with at least one other data set). You can also stack data sets
on multiple volumes (that is, a data set spans two or more volumes and shares at
least one of those volumes with one or more data sets or portions of data sets).
You request data set stacking specifying the data set sequence number on the
LABEL parameter in combination with either the volume reference (VOL=REF) or
volume serial (VOL=SER) parameters. You can request data set stacking within the
same step, across steps within the same job, or across jobs.
Use the following table to determine the JCL parameters needed to request data set
stacking. This table shows which parameter (VOL=SER or VOL=REF) IBM
recommends that you use when you want to request data set stacking. For
example, to request that multiple data sets in different steps of a job be stacked on
the same tape volume, you need to specify VOL=REF by data set name to the
previous data set placed on the tape.
This JCL stacks two data sets on a single volume within the same step. In this
example, VOL=REF is used to stack both data set A and data set B on the same
tape volume, VOL1. Data sets A and B make up the data set collection.
Example 1
This example shows stacking multiple data sets on a single volume within the same
job step.
//ST1 EXEC ...
//DD1 DD DSNAME=W,DISP=OLD (where W is on volume SMST)
//DD2 DD DSNAME=X,DISP=NEW,VOLUME=REF=*.DD1,
// LABEL=(2,SL)
//DD3 DD DSNAME=Y,DISP=NEW,VOLUME=REF=*.DD1,
// LABEL=(3,SL)
In this example, VOL=REF is used to stack data sets W, X, and Y on the same
tape volume, SMST. Data sets W, X, and Y make up the data set collection.
Example 2
In this example VOL=REF is used to stack relative generation data sets MYDSA(0),
MYDSB(1), and MYDSC(1) on the same tape volume, TAPE01. Data sets
MYDSA(0), MYDSB(1), and MYDSC(1) make up the data set collection.
Example 3
This example shows stacking multiple data sets on a single volume across steps
within a job.
In this example, VOL=REF by data set name is used to stack data sets A and B on
the same tape volume. Because DD1 does not specify VOL=SER, DD1 represents
a non-specific tape request, so the system assigns an available tape volume or, if
none is available, asks the operator to mount a tape volume. DD2 places data set B
on the same volume as data set A. Data sets A and B make up the data set
collection.
Example 4
This example shows stacking multiple data sets on a single volume across jobs.
//JOB1 JOB ...
//ST1 EXEC ...
//DD1 DD DSN=A,DISP=(NEW,CATLG)
In this example, VOL=REF by data set name is used to stack data sets A and B on
the same tape volume. Because DD1 on JOB1 does not specify VOL=SER, DD1
represents a non-specific tape request, so the system assigns an available tape
volume or asks the operator to mount a tape volume, if none is available. DD2
places data set B on the same volume as data set A. Data sets A and B make up
the data set collection.
Example 5
This example shows stacking multiple data sets on multiple volumes within the
same step.
//ST1 EXEC ...
//DD1 DD DSNAME=W,DISP=NEW,
// VOLUME=SER=(ONE,TWO,THREE)
//DD2 DD DSNAME=X,DISP=NEW,
// VOLUME=SER=(THREE,FOUR),
// LABEL=(2,SL)
//DD3 DD DSNAME=Y,DISP=NEW,VOLUME=SER=(FOUR,FIVE),
// LABEL=(3,SL)
In this example, specifying VOL=SER to refer to the last volume of the previous DD
is used to stack data sets W, X, and Y on the same set of tape volumes. Data sets
W, X, and Y make up the data set collection.
Example 6
This example shows stacking multiple data sets on a multiple volumes within the
same step. Data set W is an existing, multivolume data set on volumes V1 and V2.
//ST1 EXEC ...
//DD1 DD DSNAME=W,DISP=OLD (W is on volumes V1 and V2)
//DD2 DD DSNAME=X,DISP=NEW,
// VOLUME=SER=(V2,V3),
In this example, specifying VOL=SER to refer to the last volume of the previous DD
is used to stack data sets W, X, and Y on the same tape volumes. Data sets W, X,
and Y make up the data set collection.
Example 7
This example shows stacking multiple data sets on multiple volumes across steps in
the same job.
//JOB1 JOB ...
//ST1 EXEC ...
//DD1 DD DSN=A,DISP=(NEW,CATLG),UNIT=TAPE,
// VOLUME=SER=(ONE,TWO,THREE)
//ST2 EXEC ...
//DD2 DD DSN=B,DISP=NEW,LABEL=(2,SL),
// VOLUME=REF=A,UNIT=TAPE
In this example, specifying VOL=REF by data set name is used to stack data sets A
and B on the same tape volume, THREE. Data sets A and B make up the data set
collection.
Example 8
This example shows stacking multiple data sets on multiple volumes across jobs.
//JOB1 JOB ...
//ST1 EXEC ...
//DD1 DD DSN=A,DISP=(NEW,CATLG),UNIT=TAPE,
// VOLUME=SER=(ONE,TWO,THREE))
In this example, specifying VOL=REF by data set name is used to stack data sets A
and B on the same tape volume (THREE, in this case). Data sets A and B make up
the data set collection.
Based on your analysis of the output from the Volume Mount Analyzer, you might
identify data sets that would appear to be good candidates for redirection from tape
to DASD. If, however, your installation has jobs that use data set stacking, you
need to make sure that either all of the data sets in a data set collection are
redirected or that none of the data sets in a data set collection are redirected.
Otherwise, there might be more than one device category for the data sets in the
collection, a problem that could cause allocation or open failures.
The term device category refers to types of devices. The categories are:
You can request data set stacking with either VOL=SER or VOL=REF. With
VOL=SER, the system can detect data set stacking and check for consistent device
categories only within a step. To request data set stacking across steps or across
jobs, you must use VOL=REF.
When you specify VOL=SER to request data set stacking within a step, the system
checks for mixed device categories. If the system finds mixed device categories
within a data set collection, it invokes the ACS routines to try to resolve the device
category conflict. If the ACS routines do not direct the data sets to a consistent
device category, the allocation fails with message IGD23101I. Note: The system
does not include existing SMS-managed data sets in a data set collection because
catalog information might reflect a redirection. See Example 3.
When you specify VOL=REF to request data set stacking across steps or jobs, the
system can pass information about the volume references to the ACS routines. With
this information, the ACS routines can direct requests for data sets within a data set
collection to the same device category.
If your installation is using TMM and runs jobs that request data set stacking, you
need to understand that, because ACS routines might redirect data sets from tape
to DASD, certain JCL combinations might not produce the results you expect. Thus:
v IBM recommends that you use VOL=REF to request data set stacking across
steps or jobs
While you might find that specifying VOL=SER to request data set stacking across
steps or jobs does work sometimes, it might not always produce the results you
expect. To avoid problems, use VOL=REF.
If you are using or planning to use TMM and want to use data set stacking,
eliminate requests for data set stacking like the ones shown in the following
examples. (For examples that show recommended methods of requesting data set
stacking, see “Examples of Data Set Stacking” on page 15-38.)
Example 1
//JOB1 JOB .....
//STEP1 EXEC .....
//DD1 DD DSNAME=W,DISP=(NEW,CATLG),
// VOLUME=SER=MINE,UNIT=3490
//STEP2 EXEC .....
//DD2 DD DSNAME=X,DISP=NEW,VOLUME=SER=MINE,
// LABEL=(2,SL),UNIT=3490
This example uses VOL=SER to request data set stacking across steps.
If you replace VOL=SER in DD2 with VOL=REF=W, the ACS routines will have the
information they need to allocate data set X to a consistent device category even if
data set W is redirected to DASD.
Example 2
Chapter 15. Data Set Resources - Allocation 15-41
Data Set Resources - Allocation
//JOB1 JOB .....
//DD1 DD DSNAME=W,DISP=(NEW,CATLG),
// VOLUME=SER=MINE,UNIT=3490
This example uses VOL=SER to request data set stacking across jobs.
If you replace VOL=SER in DD2 with VOL=REF=W, the ACS routines will have the
information they need to allocate data set X to a consistent device category.
Example 3
This example uses VOL=SER to request data set stacking across jobs.
//JOB1 JOB .....
//STEP1 EXEC .....
//DD1 DD DSNAME=W,DISP=(NEW,CATLG),UNIT=3490,
// VOL=SER=TAPE01,LABEL=(1,SL)
In JOB1, the ACS routines redirect data set W to SMS-managed DASD. Data set W
becomes SMS-managed.
//JOB2 JOB .....
//STEP2 EXEC .....
//DD1 DD DSNAME=W,DISP=OLD
//DD2 DD DSNAME=X,DISP=NEW,VOL=SER=TAPE01,
// LABEL=(2,SL),UNIT=3490
//DD3 DD DSNAME=Y,DISP=NEW,VOL=SER=TAPE01,
// LABEL=(3,SL),UNIT=3490
In JOB2, data set W, after its redirection, is an existing SMS-managed data set.
The system does not include data set W in the data set collection. The system does
detect data set stacking between DD2 and DD3; data set X and Y make up the
data set collection.
If you replace VOL=SER in DD2 with VOL=REF=W and VOL=SER in DD3 with
VOL=REF=X, the ACS routines will have the information they need to allocate data
sets X and Y to a consistent device category with data set W.
To tell the system the specific tracks to assign to the data set, code:
//ddname DD SPACE=(ABSTR,(primary-qty,address,directory or index)),...
With SMS, you can request space or override the space allocation defined in the
data class for the data set. In this case, code:
//ddname DD SPACE=(reclgth,(primary-qty,second-qty,directory)),
AVGREC=value,...
Without SMS, it is easiest to specify an average block length: the system allocates
the least number of tracks required to contain the number of blocks specified.
Specifying block length also maintains device independence; you can change the
device type in the UNIT parameter without altering the space request or you can
code in the UNIT parameter a group name that includes different direct access
devices.
When you request space in terms of average block length or average record length,
the system allocates tracks to contain the request. However, if you code ROUND as
the last subparameter in the SPACE parameter, the system allocates the smallest
number of cylinders needed to contain the request.
The system allocates DASD space in whole tracks. The number of tracks required
depends on how the records are blocked. The system will use one of the following
as the block length to compute the number of tracks to allocate, in the order
indicated:
1. 4096, if the data set is a PDSE
2. The blocksize from the DCB parameter, if specified
3. The system determined blocksize, if available
4. A default value of 4096.
You can specify TRK or CYL. You will need to compute the number of tracks or
cylinders required. Consider such variables as the device type, track capacity,
tracks per cylinder, cylinders per volume, data length (blocksize), key length, and
device overhead. These variables and examples of estimating space requirements
for partitioned and indexed sequential data sets are described in z/OS DFSMS:
Using Data Sets.
Cylinder allocation (and therefore ROUND used with average block or average
record) allows faster input/output of sequential data sets than does track allocation.
With SMS, specify an average record length in bytes, as well as the primary,
secondary, and directory quantity on the SPACE parameter, to request space or to
override the space allocation in the data class of the data set.
You must also specify the AVGREC parameter with the SPACE parameter in order
to specify a record request and indicate whether the primary and secondary
quantity represents units, thousands, or millions of records.
Note: For a new indexed sequential data set, if the first volume chosen by the
system does not contain enough space for the request, the system does not
try to find space on another volume, if the request is as follows:
v A request for multiple volumes or units.
v A request is for the second, third, or subsequent DD statement used to
define the data set.
Extents
The system tries to allocate the primary and secondary quantity in contiguous
tracks or cylinders. If contiguous space is not available, the system satisfies the
request with up to five noncontiguous extents (blocks) of space.
When creating a multivolume data set, the primary quantity cannot specify more
space than is available on the first volume. If the primary quantity requests all of the
available space on the first volume, the secondary quantity requests space on the
subsequent volumes.
If you request space in terms of average block length, the system will compute and
allocate the smallest number of tracks (or cylinders if ROUND is specified) to
contain the number of blocks specified in primary-qty. blklgth will be used as the
block length in this computation, with the exception of the value zero. If a blklgth of
zero is specified for the first subparameter, the system uses one of the following as
the block length to compute the number of tracks to allocate, in the order indicated:
1. The blocksize from the DCB parameter, if specified
2. The system determined blocksize, if available
3. A default value of 4096.
For data sets whose disposition is NEW or MOD, the system allocates this space
on the same volume as the primary quantity until one of the following occurs:
v The volume does not have enough space available for the secondary quantity.
v 16 extents, less the number of extents for the primary quantity and user label
space, have been allocated to the partitioned data set (PDS).
v 123 extents, less the number of extents for the primary quantity and user label
space, have been allocated to the partitioned data set extended (PDSE).
Then, the system allocates the secondary quantity on another volume only if the DD
statement requested more than one volume in the VOLUME parameter or, for a
specific volume request, requested more volumes than devices (which implies unit
affinity).
If the DD statement makes a nonspecific volume request and the system could
possibly allocate a permanently resident volume, code PRIVATE in the VOLUME
parameter.
When allocating a secondary quantity for a data set whose status is OLD, that is,
an existing data set being written over or a preallocated data set, the system
checks for a next volume. If a next volume exists, the system looks for a secondary
quantity already allocated in it. If the system finds a secondary quantity, the system
uses that space. If the system finds no space already allocated, the system
allocates the secondary quantity on that next volume. If a next volume does not
exist, the system allocates the secondary space on the current volume.
A secondary quantity can be requested when creating a data set or when retrieving
an existing data set, whether or not you coded a secondary quantity in the original
request. A secondary request for an existing data set is in effect only for the
duration of the job step and overrides an original request, if one was made.
If you request space in terms of average block length, the system allocates the
least number of tracks required to contain the request.
With SMS, you can specify the number of records for the directory on the SPACE
parameter without specifying any other subparameters. For example:
//DD12 DD DSNAME=PDS.EXMP,DATACLAS=DCLAS12,SPACE=(,(,,20)),
// DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
The size of a PDSE grows dynamically. If you specify directory size on the SPACE
parameter, SMS uses the size you specify only if you later convert the PDSE to a
PDS.
If you are creating an indexed sequential data set that occupies more than one
cylinder and you are not defining the index on a separate DD statement, request
index space as the third quantity in the SPACE parameter. The system determines
if the third quantity is for a directory or an index from the DCB parameter on the DD
statement: DCB=DSORG=IS or DCB=DSORG=ISU must be specified when
defining an indexed sequential data set. The system adds the index quantity to the
primary quantity when allocating space.
Example 1
//ALLO JOB (3416,354),STONER,MSGLEVEL=1,MSGCLASS=C
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=TESTSYS0
//DD1 DD UNIT=3350,DISP=(,PASS),SPACE=(TRK,(10,5))
//DD2 DD UNIT=3330,DISP=(,PASS),SPACE=(TRK,(10,5))
//SYSABEND DD SYSOUT=L
//STEP2 EXEC PGM=TESTSYS0
//DD3 DD DSNAME=*.STEP1.DD1,DISP=(OLD,DELETE,DELETE)
//DD4 DD VOLUME=REF=*.STEP1.DD2,SPACE=(TRK,(3,1)),UNIT=3330
//SYSABEND DD SYSOUT=L
The first step requests space for two temporary data sets. The second step refers
to these data sets for volume information. The space requested for DD1 and DD2 in
STEP1 is 10 primary and 5 secondary tracks and for DD4 in STEP2 3 primary and
1 secondary tracks.
Example 2
//SMSALLO JOB (3444,355),SCHOER,MSGLEVEL=1,MSGCLASS=C
//STEP5 EXEC PGM=TESTSYS0
//DD6 DD DSNAME=HIJK.PGM,DATACLAS=DCLAS1,SPACE=(128,(5,2)),
// AVGREC=K,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
Certain uses of certain devices can require that specific tracks be requested. For
example, specific tracks must be allocated to position a data set under the fixed
heads of a 3348 Model 70F Data Module (cylinders 1-5).
If user labels are specified, LABEL=(,SUL), the user labels are placed on a user
label track. This track is the first in the space requested.
Example
//DDEX DD SPACE=(ABSTR,(5,1)),...
This example allocates 5 tracks for a data set: beginning at the second track on a
volume.
You cannot use VIO for permanent data sets, indexed sequential data sets, VSAM
data sets, or partitioned data sets extended (PDSEs).
Only the job that creates a VIO data set has access to it to read and write data and
to scratch the data set.
Requesting VIO
The system will allocate a VIO data set request to actual direct access storage if
the DD statement contains unacceptable parameters; however, if the primary
quantity is too big, the system terminates the job.
Example 1
//EX1 DD UNIT=VIO
//EX2 DD DSNAME=&&TEMPDS,UNIT=SYSDA
//EX3 DD DSNAME=&&TEMPDS(MEM1),UNIT=VIRT3
//EX4 DD DSNAME=&&MYDS,UNIT=VIO,SPACE=(360,(5,30)),
// DISP=(,PASS),DCB=(RECFM=FB,LRECL=80,BLKSIZE=360)
In these examples, the system assigned during system initialization the group
names VIO, SYSDA, and VIRT3 as eligible for VIO processing.
In the example, EXSMS defines an SMS-managed VIO data set because the
storage administrator has defined storage class SCLASVIO with support for VIO.
If a DD statement requests unit affinity to a VIO data set but does not define a
temporary data set, the system allocates the data set to the VIO unit but does not
assign it VIO status.
The examples assume that the installation defined during system initialization the
group name SYSDA and the device type name 3330 as eligible for VIO processing.
Except where noted, all of the following DD statements cause allocation of VIO data
sets.
Example 1
//DD1 DD UNIT=SYSDA
Example 2
//DD2 DD UNIT=3330
Example 3
//DD3 DD DSNAME=&&A,DISP=(NEW),SPACE=(CYL,(30,10)),UNIT=SYSDA
Example 4
//DD1 DD UNIT=SYSDA
//DD2 DD VOLUME=REF=*.DD1
Example 5
//DDA DD UNIT=SYSDA
//DDB DD VOLUME=REF=*.DDA,UNIT=3330
Example 6
//DD1 DD UNIT=SYSDA
//DD2 DD DSNAME=NONTEMP,DISP=(,KEEP),
// VOLUME=REF=*.DD1,SPACE=(CYL,10)
In this example, the data set defined in DD1 is assigned to external page storage
for VIO processing. Because DD2 defines a permanent data set, the system
assigns it to direct access storage.
Example 7
//DD1 DD UNIT=SYSDA
//DD2 DD DSNAME=&&TEMP,VOLUME=SER=665431,
// SPACE=(CYL,10),UNIT=AFF=DD1
In this example, the data set defined in DD1 is assigned to external page storage
for VIO processing. Because DD2 specifies a volume serial number, the system
assigns it to direct access storage.
VIO data sets are passed in the same way as conventional data sets. This example
shows the DD statements for VIO data sets in a job whose steps compile and link
edit a program and then execute that program. The three VIO data sets are defined
in the statements ASM.SYSGO, SYSLIN, and SYSLMOD.
When the job enters the system, JES2 issues a message to the operator console to
ask the operator to mount the identified volumes. JES2 places the job on hold until
the operator mounts the volumes, then releases the job.
Example
/*SETUP 223344,556677,889900
Note: IBM recommends that you do not use the /*SETUP control statement to
specify volumes in an IBM 3495 Tape Library Dataserver. This statement
causes the job to be unnecessarily held until released by the operator.
Dynamic Allocation
Dynamic allocation allows a job to acquire resources as they are needed and
release them immediately after use. The resources are a ddname-data set
combination with its volumes and devices.
One reason to use dynamic allocation is that you may not know all of the device
requirements for a job before execution. Another reason is that it allows the system
to use resources more efficiently; that is, the system can acquire resources just
before their use and release them immediately after use.
To tell the system the number of resources to be held in anticipation of reuse, code:
//stepname EXEC PGM=x,DYNAMNBR=n
The system uses the sum of this number and the number of DD statements in the
step to establish a control limit for tracking resources that it is holding in anticipation
of reuse.
Example
//PROS JOB 1585,SALLYJ,CLASS=A,PERFORM=70
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=TEST,DYNAMNBR=4,PARM=(P3,123,MT5)
//OUT1 DD SYSOUT=C,FREE=CLOSE
//OUT2 DD SYSOUT=A
//SYSIN DD *
.
.
data
.
/*
v The JOB statement specifies that this job will be processed in class A and in
performance group 70.
v The control limit is the sum of the number of DD statements coded and the
value coded in the DYNAMNBR parameter:
3 DD statements + 4 = 7
If this control limit is reached and another dynamic allocation is requested, the
request is not honored unless resources can be unallocated so that the control
limit is not exceeded.
v When OUT1 is closed, it is immediately ready for printing.
The system ignores all parameters other than DUMMY or DSNAME=NULLFILE and
DCB. The DCB parameter must be coded if you would code it for normal I/O
operations. For example, when an OPEN routine requires a BLKSIZE specification
to obtain buffers and BLKSIZE is not specified in the DCB macro instruction, code
this information in the DD DCB parameter.
For a dummy data set, the system bypasses all input/output operations, does not
allocate devices or storage to the data set, and does not perform disposition
processing.
When the program asks to read a dummy data set, an end-of-data-set exit is taken
immediately. When the program writes to the dummy data set, the request is
recognized but no data is transmitted. VSAM supports dummy data sets for both
read and write processing. BSAM and QSAM support requests to write to a dummy
data set. If any other access method is used, the job is terminated.
When testing a program, you can suppress writing of an output data set by defining
it as a dummy data set. This would forestall printing a data set until you are sure it
contains meaningful output.
When the data set is to be processed, replace the DD statement that specified the
dummy data set with a DD statement containing the parameters required to define
the data set. When a procedure DD statement specifies a dummy data set, nullify it
by coding the DSNAME parameter on the overriding DD statement and assigning a
data set name other than NULLFILE.
Examples
//EXA DD DUMMY,DCB=(RECFM=FB,LRECL=80,BLKSIZE=800),
// UNIT=3211
//EXB DD DSNAME=NULLFILE,UNIT=DISK,VOLUME=SER=165789,
// DISP=OLD
//EXC DD DUMMY,DISP=OLD
The system associates the ddname of the statement that contains the DDNAME
parameter with the data set definition. The system does not use the ddname of the
later statement that actually defines the data set. Therefore, any references to the
data set, before or after the data set is defined, must refer to the DD statement that
contains the DDNAME parameter, not the referenced DD statement that defines the
data set.
To concatenate data sets to a data set defined with a DDNAME parameter, the
unnamed DD statements must follow the DD statement that contains the DDNAME
parameter, not the referenced DD statement that defines the data set.
Use the DDNAME parameter in a job step that calls a procedure to postpone
defining in-stream data until the last overriding DD statement for a procedure step.
Overriding DD statements must appear in the same order as the DD statements in
the procedure and any in-stream data sets must appear last in a calling step.
Example 1
//XYZ DD DDNAME=PHOB
.
.
.
//PHOB DD DSNAME=NIN,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),UNIT=3400-5
From DD statement XYZ, the system saves XYZ and, temporarily, PHOB. Until the
system encounters the ddname PHOB, it treats the data set for XYZ as a dummy
data set.
When the system reads DD statement PHOB, it uses the DSNAME, DISP, and
UNIT values to define the data set named NIN. The system also associates this
information with DD statement XYZ. The system stops saving ddname PHOB. The
data set is now defined as if you had coded:
//XYZ DD DSNAME=NIN,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),UNIT=3400-5
Example 2
//DD1 DD DDNAME=LATER
.
.
.
//LATER DD DSN=SET12,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),UNIT=3350,
// VOLUME=SER=46231,SPACE=(TRK,(20,5))
.
.
.
//DD12 DD DSN=SET13,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),VOLUME=REF=*.DD1,
// SPACE=(TRK,(40,5))
DD1 postpones defining the data set until the system encounters DD statement
LATER. DD12 must do a backward reference to DD1 because the system
associates the data set information with the DD statement that contains the
DDNAME parameter.
Example 3
//DDA DD DDNAME=DEF
// DD DSN=A.B.C,DISP=OLD
// DD DSN=SEVC,DISP=OLD,UNIT=3350,VOL=SER=52226
.
.
.
//DEF DD *
data
/*
The system writes checkpoints for all volumes but the last. The data set must be a
multivolume QSAM or BSAM data set. Checkpoints are not written for
single-volume QSAM or BSAM data sets or for ISAM, BDAM, BPAM, or VSAM data
sets.
Examples
//S1 EXEC PGM=A,RD=R
//D1 DD DSNAME=OUT1,UNIT=(DISK,3),DISP=(NEW,CATLG),
// SPACE=(400,(50,10),VOLUME=(PRIVATE,,,3),CHKPT=EOV
//SYSCKEOV DD DSNAME=CK1,UNIT=3350,DISP=(MOD,KEEP),
// SPACE=(CYL,30,,CONTIG)
Requesting Subsystem
To ask a subsystem to process a data set and to specify parameters for the
subsystem, code:
//ddname DD SUBSYS=subsystem-name,...
//ddname DD SUBSYS=(subsystem-name,subparameter,...),...
When you specify the SUBSYS parameter, the subsystem may alter the
significance of certain DD statement parameters. For details, see the documentation
for the subsystem.
If you specify the DUMMY parameter, MVS invokes the subsystem to check the
syntax of subsystem subparameters. If the syntax is acceptable, MVS assigns a
dummy status to the data set and processes the request as a dummy request.
If you request unit affinity to a subsystem data set, MVS substitutes SYSALLDA as
the UNIT parameter specification.
Example
//EXSUB DD DSNAME=MYSET,DISP=OLD,SUBSYS=(PRO3,34,92)
Example
//S1 EXEC PGM=REPT
//ABC CNTL
//PGC PRINTDEV BUFNO=2-,PIMSG=YES
// ENDCNTL
//DD1 DD SUBSYS=XYZ,CNTL=*.ABC
(For information about the PSF PRINTDEV JCL statement, see the manual PSF for
OS/390: Customization.)
Examples
//DSA DD QNAME=MES34.TJOB,DCB=(RECFM=FB,LRECL=80,BLKSIZE=320)
//DSB DD QNAME=MES78.TJOB
Dynamic Unallocation
//ddname DD FREE=CLOSE,...
Example
//DD1 DD DSNAME=DS6,DISP=OLD,UNIT=TAPE,VOLUME=SER=111111,FREE=CLOSE
You should consider coding an abnormal termination disposition every time you
create or use a data set. This disposition can be used to keep data sets after a
program fails, when they might be needed to determine the cause of the failure.
This disposition can also be used to delete data sets in case of program failure,
thereby restoring the system environment to what it was before the error. Then the
failing job can be rerun without an intervening clean-up job.
When a step abnormally terminates but is not automatically restarted, its data sets
are disposed of as specified by the abnormal termination disposition. If an abnormal
termination disposition is not specified, the normal termination disposition is
processed.
If a job step fails during step allocation, the system disposes of the data sets as
follows:
v Deletes a data set being created in the step.
v Keeps a data set that existed before the step.
The system handles disposition differently for data sets on direct access and on
tape. A direct access volume contains a volume table of contents (VTOC). A VTOC
describes the non-VSAM data sets and available space on the volume.
Unexpired Expiration Date: In one case, however, a data set on a direct access
volume is not deleted: If a data set previously existed and has an unexpired
expiration date, an abnormal termination disposition of DELETE does not delete the
data set if the step abnormally terminates.
Cataloged Data Sets: If you are deleting a cataloged non-VSAM data set, the
entry for the data set in the system catalog is removed when the system obtains the
volume serial number from the catalog. When the volume serial number is coded or
referenced on the DD statement, the data is deleted but its entry remains in the
catalog.
If an error occurs while the system is deleting a cataloged data set, its entry
remains in the catalog. The data set itself is or is not deleted, depending on when
the error occurs.
To delete an entry from an integrated catalog facility catalog, use the DELETE
command as described in z/OS DFSMS: Using Data Sets. Using the DELETE
command makes the space occupied by the data set available for reallocation. To
delete catalog entries for data sets that are not cataloged in an integrated catalog
facility catalog, use the UNCATLG statement of IEHPROGM as described in z/OS
DFSMSdfp Utilities.
Temporary Data Sets: DELETE is the only valid abnormal termination disposition
for a temporary data set. If you specify a disposition other than DELETE, the
system assumes DELETE.
TSO/E Background Data Sets: In a step running TSO/E, the system replaces a
DD statement disposition of DELETE with a disposition of KEEP. This prevents an
attempt to delete a data set that has been unallocated by the TSO/E FREE
command.
For data sets on direct access, the entry in the VTOC describing the data set and
the data set itself are kept. For data sets on tape, the volume is rewound and
unloaded, and a KEEP message is issued to the operator.
Note: If you specify KEEP for a temporary data set, the system changes the
disposition to PASS. See “Passing a Data Set” on page 17-5 for more
information about how the system handles passed data sets.
For a new data set, the system keeps the data set and creates an entry pointing to
it in one of the following:
For an old data set, the system keeps the data set, and does the following
depending on the parameters on the DD statement.
v If UNIT and VOLUME=SER are not coded, the system updates the catalog that
is used to locate the data set.
v If UNIT and VOLUME=SER are coded, the system creates a new catalog entry in
the applicable system master or private catalog, even if the data set is already
cataloged.
A private catalog can be either a VSAM user catalog or an integrated catalog facility
catalog.
Use of Cataloging: Cataloging allows you to keep track of the location of data
sets. Cataloging also simplifies retrieving a data set: code only the DSNAME
parameter and OLD, SHR, or MOD in the DISP parameter and omit volume and
device information.
CATLG for a Cataloged Data Set: Specify a disposition of CATLG for an already
cataloged data set when adding to the data set if it may need another volume. The
system updates the catalog entry to include the volume serial numbers of any
additional volumes if the data set was specified as follows:
v DISP=(MOD,CATLG)
v No volume serial numbers were coded or referenced on the DD statement
Generation Data Sets: A collection of cataloged data sets that are kept in
chronological order is a generation data group (GDG). The entire GDG is stored
under a single data set name; each data set within the group, called a generation
data set, is associated with a generation number that indicates how far removed the
data set is from the original generation. When creating a new generation data set,
code a disposition of CATLG.
When the System Does Not Catalog a Data Set: The system does not catalog a
data set if the data set is not opened by the problem program and one of the
following is true:
v The DD statement made a nonspecific request for a tape volume.
v The DD statement requested a tape volume for a tape device with dual density
options but did not specify the density in the DEN subparameter of the DCB
parameter.
Job Termination Due to Inability to Catalog a Data Set: The system terminates
the job when the installation option specifies that the job is to be terminated if,
during data set disposition processing of a batch unallocated data set, the system is
unable to:
v Catalog a new data set for which a disposition of CATLG was specified
The installation options do not apply if, by specifying FREE=CLOSE, the data set is
unallocated when closed.
To Pass: To pass a data set, code PASS as the normal termination disposition;
PASS cannot be the abnormal termination disposition. Code PASS each time the
data set is needed until the last use in the job. In the last DD statement for the data
set, assign it a final disposition.
To Receive: To receive a passed data set, specify in the DD statement the data
set name without specifying a volume serial number or volume reference.
Data sets with identical names, whether or not the names refer to the same data
set, can be passed within the same job. If you receive a data set with a disposition
of DELETE, then data sets with identical names are received in the same order in
which they are passed. If you receive a data set with a disposition of PASS, then
subsequent steps that attempt to receive a data set with that name will experience
unpredictable results, including possible loss of data.
Do not try to receive a passed data set more times than it is passed.
When a passed data set is received, the passed data set information is no longer
available to later DD statements in the receiving step or later steps. Therefore, a
VOLUME=REF parameter that refers to the passed data set must appear on a DD
statement before the receiving DD statement. For example:
//JEX JOB ACCT27,'GALE RUCINSKI'
//S1 EXEC PGM=A
//DA DD DSNAME=MYDATA,DISP=(NEW,PASS),
// SPACE=(800,15),UNIT=DISK
//S2 EXEC PGM=B
//DB DD DSNAME=REPT,DISP=(NEW,PASS),
// SPACE=(800,15),UNIT=DISK,VOLUME=REF=MYDATA
//DC DD DSNAME=*.S1.DA,DISP=SHR
/*
For SMS permanent data sets, the restrictions on receiving passed data sets do not
apply. All SMS-managed permanent data sets are cataloged, and can be located
using the normal catalog search.
When Passing Step Abnormally Terminates: If a step that passes a data set
abnormally terminates during execution, the passed data set is passed. Thus, a
following step that is executed because of a COND=EVEN or COND=ONLY can
receive and process the passed data set. If the passed data set remains unreceived
at the end of the job, the system performs the abnormal termination disposition, if
specified, for the passed data set.
EXAMPLE:
Data set “dsname,” which does not exist at the start of a job but is created
and cataloged during the job, will be uncataloged and deleted if it is passed
and not received:
//Step1 EXEC PGM=pgmname1
//DD1 DD DSN=dsname,DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE)
//*
//Step2 EXEC PGM=pgmname2
//DD2 DD DSN=dsname,DISP=(OLD,PASS,DELETE)
//*
//Step3 EXEC PGM=pgmname3
//Step4 EXEC PGM=pgmname4
//DD4 DD DSN=dsname,DISP=(OLD,PASS,DELETE)
Data set “dsname” is cataloged when Step1 ends. After Step2 ends, “dsname”
is still cataloged. If Step3 terminates abnormally, “dsname” will be deleted
during end of job processing, because it had been passed by Step2 and not
received by a following step, AND the abnormal disposition for Step2 was
DELETE.
To avoid that situation, do not specify PASS for a cataloged data set—no
matter whether it had been created in a prior job or in a prior step of this job.
The correct JCL is:
//Step1 EXEC PGM=pgmname1
//DD1 DD DSN=dsname,DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE)
//*
//Step2 EXEC PGM=pgmname2
//DD2 DD DSN=dsname,DISP=(OLD,KEEP,DELETE)
//*
//Step3 EXEC PGM=pgmname3
//Step4 EXEC PGM=pgmname4
//DD4 DD DSN=dsname,DISP=(OLD,KEEP,DELETE)
Deletion at End of Job: If unreceived passed data sets are deleted at the end of
a job, the system performs dynamic allocation to allocate a device and volume for
deletion. Depending on the JOB statement MSGLEVEL parameter or the installation
defaults, the system issues allocation messages for these data sets.
In a Procedure That is Called Multiple Times: A problem can occur when the
same data set is passed more times than it is received in a procedure that is called
more than once in a job. This is illustrated by the following example:
Cataloged procedure MYPROC:
Input stream:
//JOBEX JOB
//S1 EXEC PROC=MYPROC
//S2 EXEC PROC=MYPROC
When the procedure is called a second time, DD3 receives data set &A from the
first execution of the procedure. This can result in incorrect data or an abnormal
termination. If data set &A is not received twice in the job, data set &A is processed
as an unreceived passed data set at the end of the job.
If the data set status is omitted, the system assumes NEW. If the second or third
subparameter is omitted, the system determines how to handle the data set
according to the status of the data set:
v Data sets that existed before the job are automatically kept. The system treats a
data set as existing when the status is OLD, SHR, or MOD with volume
information.
v Data sets created in the job are automatically deleted. The system treats a data
set as newly created when the status is NEW, omitted, or MOD without volume
information.
When VOLUME and UNIT Are Coded: When you code VOLUME and UNIT on
the DD statement, a JCL error will occur if the problem program attempts to open
the data set. Otherwise, the data set disposition depends on the DISP normal
termination disposition:
v When the normal termination disposition is KEEP, the job log will show that the
data set was kept.
v When the normal termination disposition is CATLG, and a catalog entry exists for
the data set name, you will receive an error message stating that the data set
was not recataloged.
When no catalog entry exists for the data set name, and you have provided the
unit information, volume serial, and, for tape data sets, recording mode or
density, the system will catalog the data set. For tape data sets, without proper
density or recording mode information (when density and recording mode are
required), you will receive an error message that the data set was not cataloged.
v When the normal termination disposition is UNCATLG, and a catalog entry exists
for the data set name, the system will uncatalog the data set.
When no catalog entry exists for the data set name, you will receive an error
message stating that the data set was not uncataloged.
v When the normal termination disposition is PASS, the system passes the data
set.
v When the normal termination disposition is DELETE, the job log will show that
the system did not delete the data set. However, this does not affect the job step
condition code or produce a JCL error.
Example 1
//DISPJ JOB 158765,'SECT. 27'
//S1 EXEC PGM=IEFBR14
//D1 DD DSN=ABC,DISP=(SHR,KEEP)
//D2 DD DSN=SYSA,DISP=(OLD,DELETE,UNCATLG)
//D3 DD DSN=SYSB,UNIT=3350,VOL=SER=335001,
// SPACE=(CYL,(4,2,1)),DISP=(NEW,CATLG,KEEP)
//D4 DD DSN=&&SYS1,DISP=(MOD,PASS),UNIT=3350,
// VOL=SER=335004,SPACE=(TRK,(15,5,1))
//S2 EXEC PGM=IEFBR14
//D5 DD DSN=&&SYS1,DISP=(MOD,DELETE),UNIT=3350,
// VOL=SER=335004,SPACE=(TRK,(15,5,1))
1. D1 requests a data set that already exists and can be shared with other jobs. It
is to be kept on the volume at the end of step S1.
2. D2 requests a data set that already exists and cannot be shared with other jobs.
It is to be deleted at the end of S1, but is to be kept and uncataloged if S1
abnormally terminates.
3. D3 defines a new data set that is to be assigned to volume 335001 on a 3350
Direct Access Storage device. The data set is to be kept on the volume and
cataloged if S1 terminates normally, but is to be kept and not cataloged if S1
terminates abnormally.
4. D4 defines a temporary data set that is to be created in this job step. It is to be
assigned to volume 335004 on a 3350 and allocated 15 primary tracks, five
secondary tracks, and one directory record. This data set is to be passed for
use in a later step in this job.
5. D5 requests the temporary data set passed by D4 of S1. When S2 completes,
the data set is to be deleted.
Example 2
//PASS JOB ,'BILL H.'
//S1 EXEC PGM=IEFBR14
//DD1 DD DSN=A,DISP=(NEW,PASS),VOL=SER=335000,
// UNIT=3350,SPACE=(TRK,1)
//DD2 DD DSN=A,DISP=(OLD,PASS),VOL=REF=*.DD1
//DD3 DD DSN=B,DISP=(OLD,PASS),VOL=SER=335000,UNIT=3350
//DD4 DD DSN=B,DISP=(OLD,PASS),VOL=SER=335001,UNIT=3350
//S2 EXEC PGM=IEFBR14
//DD5 DD DSN=A,DISP=OLD
//DD6 DD DSN=A,DISP=OLD
//DD7 DD DSN=B,DISP=OLD
//DD8 DD DSN=B,DISP=(OLD,PASS)
//S3 EXEC PGM=IEFBR14
//DD9 DD DSN=B,DISP=OLD
1. DD1 and DD2 pass the same data set. DD5 and DD6 receive that same data
set.
As long as the time period has not expired, the system will not delete or write over
a data set on direct access space. This is true even if a DD statement specifies a
disposition of DELETE (other than DISP=(NEW,DELETE)) for the data set. The data
set is eligible for deletion once the expiration date or retention period has been
reached.
When the expiration date of a data set is the current date, the data set is
considered expired. The system will delete it or write over it if requested in a DD
statement.
If it is necessary to delete a data set before the expiration date or retention period,
do one of the following:
v For data sets cataloged in a VSAM catalog, use the DELETE command; this
makes the space occupied by the data set available for reallocation. See z/OS
DFSMS Access Method Services.
v For data sets cataloged in a non-VSAM catalog, delete the catalog entry with the
IEHPROGM utility as described in z/OS DFSMSdfp Utilities.
v For the data set control block, use a SCRATCH macro with the OVRD
parameter; this makes the space occupied by that data set available for
reallocation. See z/OS DFSMSdfp Advanced Services.
Examples
//D3 DD DSNAME=DSDEF,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),UNIT=3350,
// VOLUME=SER=668888,SPACE=(TRK,(1,1)),EXPDT=2006/032
//D4 DD DSNAME=DSFS.PGM,DATACLAS=DCLAS2,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),
// EXPDT=2006/032
The system releases space only if the data set is open for output and the last
operation was a write. The system does not release space if the step terminates
abnormally. The system ignores a request to release unused space if:
Example
//DD3 DD DSNAME=DEPTDS,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),UNIT=DISK,
// SPACE=(CYL,20,RLSE)
RETAIN Support
Examples
Volumes treated as private, demounted, and kept:
//EX1 DD DSNAME=A,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),VOLUME=PRIVATE,UNIT=TAPE
//EX2 DD DSNAME=B,DISP=OLD,VOLUME=SER=223344,UNIT=DISK
//EX3 DD DSNAME=H,DISP=OLD
//EX4 DD DSNAME=D,UNIT=TAPE
//EX5 DD DSNAME=&&TEMP,UNIT=DISK
Volume Retention
The system designates a tape volume as retained (R) if the volume contains one of
the following:
v A passed data set
v A data set requested by a DD statement with RETAIN in the VOLUME
parameter.
If RETAIN is coded or the data set is passed, the system designates the volume as
R, does not demount the mounted volume, and does not rewind the tape when the
data set is closed or at the end of the step.
If RETAIN is coded or the data set is passed, the system designates the volume as
R, but asks the operator to demount it and keep it near for possible use later.
In a multiple step job, if there is a period when a volume is not in use, you can
specify RETAIN to try to keep the volume mounted. If the volume remains mounted,
the operator does not have to demount and remount it, and the job does not have
to wait until the volume is remounted.
Even if you specify RETAIN or a disposition of PASS, the operator can still unload
the volume or, if the device is needed for another step in the same or another job,
the system can allocate the device and demount the volume. Either can occur when
the device on which the volume is mounted is not allocated to the job step that
specified RETAIN or, for unlabeled tapes, when the volume requires verification.
Example
//EXDD DD DSNAME=TAPEDS,DISP=(NEW,CATLG,DELETE),UNIT=3420,
// VOLUME=(PRIVATE,RETAIN)
Note: CLOSE options may cause RETAIN to be overridden. See the discussion of
the CLOSE macro in z/OS DFSMS Macro Instructions for Data Sets.
Processing Output: The two ways to process output data sets are:
v Define a sysout data set and how it is to be processed and allow the job entry
subsystem to process it. JES writes the data set to a spool device. Then JES or
an external writer prints or punches it on a local or remote printer or punch, or
JES transmits it to a remote output device or node.
v Define an output data set and specify in the DD statement UNIT parameter the
device on which the output should be written. The system allocates the device
exclusively to the job. Data management routines write the output from the
program to the specified device.
This part describes how sysout data sets are defined and processed.
//ddname DD SYSOUT=class
//ddname DD SYSOUT=(class,writer-name,form-name)
//ddname DD SYSOUT=(class,writer-name,code-name)
//ddname DD SYSOUT=*
//ddname DD SYSOUT=(,)
To assign the last qualifier of the system-generated name for a sysout data set,
code the DSNAME parameter with the SYSOUT parameter.
Examples
//EX1 DD SYSOUT=B,DSNAME=&&PRTREC
//EX2 DD SYSOUT=(A,,FM23)
//EX3 DD SYSOUT=(F,,CD3),DSNAME=&&PAYOUT
//EX4 DD SYSOUT=*
//ddname DD SYSOUT=class
For example, the installation could define output class W to contain low-priority
output; class Y to contain output to be printed on a special form, so that the JCL
would not need to request the form; and class J to be reserved for high-volume
output.
To print the sysout data set and messages from the job on the same output listing,
see “Printing Job Log and Sysout Data Sets Together” on page 7-7.
Examples
//X1 DD SYSOUT=A
//ddname DD SYSOUT=(class,diskette-writer),DSID=id
//ddname DD SYSOUT=(class,diskette-writer),DSID=(id,V)
A system command, from the operator or in the input stream, must start the diskette
writer before the DD statement is processed.
For more information on the 3540 diskette, see 3540 Programmer’s Reference. For
information on external writers, see z/OS JES2 Initialization and Tuning Guide or
z/OS JES3 Initialization and Tuning Guide.
Example
//EX7 DD SYSOUT=(W,WRT3540),DSID=MYDS5
If you specify an external writer on the SYSOUT parameter, the external writer may
require the DCB parameter on the DD statement that was used to create the data
set.
Consult the documentation for your application program or the external writer, if
appropriate, for further information about DCB subparameters that may be required
or recommended.
Example
//OUT3 DD SYSOUT=(H,WRTPGM),DCB=(RECFM=FB,LRECL=133,BLKSIZE=532)
Use DPAGELBL=YES to indicate that the system should print the security label on
each page of printed output. Use SYSAREA=YES to indicate that the system
should reserve an area for the security label on each page of printed output.
The security label represents a security level and categories defined to the
Resource Access Control Facility (RACF) by the security administrator at your
installation. Use the DPAGELBL and SYSAREA parameters on an OUTPUT JCL
statement as instructed by your security administrator.
Example
You can specify the priority at which the sysout data set enters the output queue by
coding:
Use the priority to increase a sysout data set’s priority so it will be printed sooner
than it otherwise might have been.
Ignoring Priority
The installation can instruct the system to ignore a priority specified on an OUTPUT
JCL statement.
Example
Note that if an OUTPUT JCL statement contains both JESDS and CLASS
parameters, this CLASS will override the MSGCLASS parameter on the JOB
statement for the specified JES data sets.
Multiple References
A sysout DD statement can reference more than one OUTPUT JCL statement. For
each reference to an OUTPUT JCL statement, JES processes the sysout data set
using the parameters of the DD statement combined with the parameters from one
of the OUTPUT JCL statements.
Example 1
//JOB1 JOB ,'DEPT. 25'
//OUT1 OUTPUT COPIES=8,DEST=FRANCE
//OUT2 OUTPUT COPIES=2,FORMS=A,DEFAULT=YES
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=DEMENT
//OUT3 OUTPUT DEFAULT=YES,COPIES=5,DEST=REMULAC
//INPUT DD DSN=RHINO
//MFK1 DD SYSOUT=A
//MFK2 DD SYSOUT=B,OUTPUT=*.OUT1
This example shows an explicit reference to an OUTPUT JCL statement. Note that
with an explicit reference, all default OUTPUT JCL statements are ignored.
v The system processes the output from DD statement MFK1 using the options on
the OUTPUT statement OUT3 (1) because MFK1 does not contain an OUTPUT
parameter and (2) because OUT3 contains DEFAULT=YES and is in the same
step as MFK1. MFK1 cannot implicitly reference the job-level default statement
OUT2 because of step-level default statement OUT3. If STEP1 had not
contained OUT3, MFK1 would have referenced statement OUT2.
v The system processes the output from DD statement MFK2 according to the
processing options on the job-level OUTPUT JCL statement OUT1 because DD
statement MFK2 explicitly references OUT1 using the OUTPUT parameter. Note
that the system ignores the processing options on all default OUTPUT JCL
statements (OUT2 and OUT3).
Example 2
//EXAMP JOB MSGCLASS=A
//OUT1 OUTPUT DEFAULT=YES,DEST=COMPLEX7,FORMS=BILLING,
// CHARS=(AOA,AOB),COPIES=2
//OUT2 OUTPUT DEFAULT=YES,DEST=COMPLEX1
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=ORDERS
//R1 DD SYSOUT=A
//R2 DD SYSOUT=A
//STEP2 EXEC PGM=BILLING
//OUT3 OUTPUT DEFAULT=YES,DEST=COMPLEX3
//B1 DD SYSOUT=A
//B2 DD SYSOUT=A,OUTPUT=(*.OUT3,*.OUT2)
//STEP3 EXEC PGM=REPORTS
This example shows how the position of the OUTPUT JCL statement affects the
processing of the sysout data sets.
In STEP3, the system processes DD statement RP1 using the output processing
options specified on the job-level OUTPUT JCL statements OUT1 and OUT2
because:
v DEFAULT=YES is specified on OUTPUT JCL statements OUT1 and OUT2, and
v no OUTPUT JCL statement with DEFAULT=YES is coded within STEP3.
v The OUTPUT parameter is not specified on DD statement RP1.
Note: In STEP3, OUTPUT JCL statement OUT4 is not used at all because it does
not have DEFAULT=YES coded, and no DD statement explicitly references
OUT4.
Example 3
Chapter 22. Sysout Resources - Processing Control 22-3
Sysout Resources - Processing Control
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=MFK
//OUT1 OUTPUT COPIES=6,DEST=NY,FORMS=BILLS
//OUT2 OUTPUT COPIES=2,DEST=KY,FORMS=LOG
//REF1 DD SYSOUT=A,OUTPUT=(*.OUT1,*.OUT2)
In the example, two sets of output are created from DD statement REF1. One of
the sets will go to NY and have six copies printed on the form defined as BILLS.
The other set will go to KY and have two copies printed on the form defined as
LOG.
Be careful when doing the change. Before the change, the third subparameter in
the DD SYSOUT parameter references a JES2 /*OUTPUT statement. But, if the DD
statement references an OUTPUT JCL statement, the system interprets the third
subparameter as the name of forms to be used in processing the sysout data set.
When you code SEGMENT, you determine the number of logical line-mode pages
to be written to a sysout data set. This allows you to print part of the output while a
job is still executing, or to use multiple printers to print multiple segments.
//DD1 DD SYSOUT=A,SEGMENT=200
In this example, when the system writes 200 pages to a sysout data set, the
segment is spun and a new segment is allocated.
The sysout data sets for DD1 and DD2 are written on the same output listing.
Example 2
//JEX JOB ,'M. BIRDSALL',MSGCLASS=D
//ST1 EXEC PGM=WKRPT
//DDA DD SYSOUT=*
//DDB DD SYSOUT=D
The sysout data sets for DDA and DDB are written on the same output listing as
the job log.
JES3 calculates the size of the sysout data set(s) as the number of records
multiplied by the number of copies requested. When the size exceeds the
THRESHLD value, JES3 creates a new unit of work on a data set boundary, and
queues it for printing.
Use of THRESHLD
If a sysout data set or all the sysout data sets in the same class from a job are
large, or large numbers of copies are requested, the THRESHLD limit can be used
to print copies simultaneously by different printers.
Examples
//OUTA OUTPUT THRESHLD=10000
//MYDS1 DD SYSOUT=C,OUTPUT=*.OUTA,COPIES=5
//GRDS DD SYSOUT=C,OUTPUT=*.OUTA,COPIES=3
Sysout data sets in the same group are processed together in the same location
and time.
Subgroups
You can always group sysout data sets with similar processing characteristics. But,
you cannot group sysout data sets with different output classes, destinations,
The installation controls whether a group can contain sysout data sets with different
printer setup requirements, such as forms. Such groups are called demand setup
groups. If demand setup grouping is not permitted, data sets with different setup
requirements are placed in different subgroups.
Example
//TEST1 JOB MSGCLASS=B
//OUT1 OUTPUT GROUPID=GRP10,UCS=PN,DEST=RT6,DEFAULT=YES
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=REPORT
//RP1 DD SYSOUT=A
//RP2 DD SYSOUT=B
//RP3 DD SYSOUT=A
In this example, two subgroups are created for the three sysout data sets because
of the different output classes. One subgroup contains data sets RP1 and RP3; the
other contains RP2.
For an external writer, the operator determines which sysout data sets are selected.
This can cause certain data sets to be printed on the same listing even though all
of the forms, FCB, UCS, and DEST parameters are not the same. The operator
must start the external writer for a sysout data set to be printed or punched.
For more information on external writers, see z/OS JES2 Initialization and Tuning
Guide or z/OS JES3 Initialization and Tuning Guide.
Examples
//DS1 DD SYSOUT=(H,MYWRIT)
JES schedules the sysout data set to a printer that can operate in the specified
mode.
Examples
//OTS OUTPUT PRMODE=PAGE
//ABC DD SYSOUT=F,OUTPUT=*.OTS
JES schedules data set ABC to a 3800 Printing Subsystem Model 3, which can
print in page mode. Output class F must handle processing for a 3800 model 3.
//ddname DD SYSOUT=class
You can code a sysout data set disposition that is based on the success of the job.
The OUTDISP parameter of the OUTPUT JCL statement allows you to specify a
normal sysout disposition and an abnormal sysout disposition. Note that the
OUTDISP abnormal sysout disposition is not supported in an APPC scheduling
environment. The system uses the normal disposition when the job completes
For example, the following statement will cause the system to hold a sysout data
set when the job completes normally or abnormally.
//HELDDS OUTPUT OUTDISP=(HOLD,HOLD)
The OUTDISP parameter allows you to specify the following dispositions for a
sysout data set:
v HOLD allows the system to hold a sysout data set. When the user or operator
releases the data set, the system prints and then purges it.
v WRITE allows you to print a sysout data set and purge it after it is printed.
v KEEP allows you to print and keep the sysout data set. After it is printed, the
disposition changes to LEAVE.
v LEAVE allows the system to hold a sysout data set until the user or operator
releases it. When the sysout data set is released, the disposition changes to
KEEP.
v PURGE allows you to delete a sysout data set without printing it.
Examples
//DD1 DD SYSOUT=C,HOLD=YES
//DD2 DD SYSOUT=J
In all these examples, the installation defined class J as a held class during JES
initialization.
Defining a sysout data set as a dummy data set is useful when testing a program;
you do not want data sets printed until you are sure they contain meaningful output.
When the sysout data set is to be processed, remove the DUMMY parameter from
the sysout DD statement.
Examples
//EXA DD DUMMY,SYSOUT=A
//EXB DD DUMMY,SYSOUT=(B,WRT),DCB=(RECFM=FB,LRECL=80,BLKSIZE=800)
During JES2 initialization, the installation must specify that the requested class
contains data sets that are deleted before being printed or punched.
Examples
//DD2 DD SYSOUT=S
Example
//NOPRT OUTPUT OUTDISP=(PURGE,PURGE)
Example 1
//J2 JOB ,MHB
//S1 EXEC PGM=ABC
//OT2 OUTPUT CKPTLINE=60,CKPTPAGE=40
//DDB DD SYSOUT=C
JES writes a checkpoint every 40 logical pages. A logical page contains 60 lines.
Example 2
//J2 JOB ,MHB
//S1 EXEC PGM=DEF
//OT2 OUTPUT CKPTSEC=60
//DDB DD SYSOUT=D
The FORMDEF and PAGEDEF parameters identify members in the library named
in the cataloged procedure used to initialize the PSF, or in a library specified on the
USERLIB parameter of the OUTPUT JCL statement. These members contain
statements that specify how the PSF is to process the sysout data set.
Examples
//OTPSF OUTPUT FORMDEF=FSBILL,PAGEDEF=PSLONG
//MYPNT DD SYSOUT=N,OUTPUT=*.OTPSF
To control how PSF prints a sysout data set on a microfilm device, code:
//name OUTPUT COMSETUP=H1SETUP
The COMSETUP parameter specifies the name of a microfile setup resource that
contains setup information for the functional subsystem (FSS) microfilm devices.
Requirements
Sysout data sets can be scheduled for printing or punching when the data set is
closed before the job completes execution. Code:
//ddname DD SYSOUT=class,FREE=CLOSE
If the step continues processing after the close, the sysout data set may be printed
concurrently with the last of the step’s execution.
Use of Spinning
Use FREE=CLOSE to let JES begin printing or punching a sysout data set before a
long job step is finished.
Example
To make a sysout data set available for printing immediately, code SPIN=UNALLOC
on the sysout DD statement, and dynamically unallocate the data set. Dynamic
unallocation can be explicit or through FREE=CLOSE.
//ddname DD SYSOUT=class,DEST=destination
In a JES2 system:
/*ROUTE PRINT destination
//ddname DD SYSOUT=class
Multiple Destinations
For example, to print a report in Chicago, New York, Paris, and Los Angeles, code
and reference four OUTPUT JCL statements. Specify a different destination on
each; you can code only one destination on each OUTPUT JCL statement.
Keep in mind that, if a JCL syntax error occurs, the system will ignore the OUTPUT
JCL statement and the output will not reach its destination.
//CHRISBX JOB...............
//CLW OUTPUT DEST=DB2.CARNEY
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=IEBGENER
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=(A,CARNEY),OUTPUT=(*.CLW)
DEST=CARNEY
W=CARNEY
– TSO/E user ‘MWAI’ cannot receive - TSO/E userid does not match sysout
userid (even though WRITER ID does):
//EGGBERTX JOB.............
//TJW OUTPUT DEST=PLPSC.EGGBERT
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=.......
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=(A,MWAI),OUTPUT=(*.TJW)
DEST=EGGBERT
W=MWAI
– TSO/E user ‘BERNER’ can receive - TSO/E userid matches in an NJE
sysout case - job executes on non-local node:
//BERNERX JOB.............
//ROUTE XEQ SNJMAS3
//DXP OUTPUT DEST=PLPSC.BERNER
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=.......
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=(A,BERNER),OUTPUT=(*.DXP)
DEST=BERNER
W=(none)
Note: If you send a job to execute and the job has a ROUTE PRINT RMTnnn
statement or a ROUTE PRINT Unnnn statement, JES2 returns the
output to RMTnnn or Unnnn at the node of origin. For JES2 to print the
output at RMTnnn at the executing node, code DEST=NnnnRmmm on
an OUTPUT JCL statement or sysout DD statement.
Default Output Destination
If the destination for a data set is stated specifically on the /*OUTPUT control
statement, or the JCL OUTPUT or DD statements, the specified destination is
used. However, data sets routed to a remote terminal cannot be controlled by
the remote operator. Such data sets are owned by the location specified as the
default for the job.
For data sets with no destination specified, the default destination is determined
by the device from which the job entered the system.
In the case of an internal reader, the DEST parameter for the internal reader
allocation determines the default destination. If the DEST parameter is not
specified, the default destination for the output is the location at which the job
was originally submitted. For example, a job submitted on NODEA can be
routed to NODEB for execution; however, the output is returned to NODEA
unless the DEST parameter was specified as NODEB or some other location.
Examples
//DDFAR1 DD SYSOUT=E,DEST=NYC
//DDFAR2 DD SYSOUT=F
For the second example, output class F must be defined during JES2 initialization
as having a destination, for example, a node in Los Angeles.
For jobs from remote work stations submitted through remote job processing (RJP),
the sysout data sets are returned to the originating work station unless another
destination is requested in a //*MAIN statement with an ORG parameter, OUTPUT
JCL statement, or DD statement.
Examples
//DDFAR DD SYSOUT=E,DEST=NYC
//*MAIN ACMAIN=processor-id,USER=userid
Example
//ddname DD SYSOUT=(class,INTRDR)
The output class in the SYSOUT parameter becomes the default message class for
the job going into the internal reader, unless you code the MSGCLASS parameter
on the JOB statement.
Use the OUTLIM parameter on the DD statement to limit the number of logical
records written to the internal reader.
Instead of waiting for the buffer in your address space to fill up, send the contents
of the internal reader buffer directly to JES by coding as the last record in the job:
/*EOF
This control statement delimits the job in the data set and makes it eligible for
immediate processing.
/*DEL
This control statement cancels the job in the data set and schedules it for
immediate output processing. The output consists of any JCL submitted,
followed by a message indicating that the job was deleted before execution.
/*PURGE
For JES2 only, this control statement cancels the job in the data set and
schedules it for purge processing; no output is produced for the job.
/*SCAN
For JES2 only, this control statement requests that JES2 only scan the job in
the data set for JCL errors. The job is not to be executed.
References
For more information on the internal reader, see z/OS MVS Programming:
Assembler Services Guide.
Example
//ddname DD TERM=TS
Example
//DD1 DD TERM=TS
The system prints the values for each parameter on sections of the separator pages
reserved for each parameter.
In a JES2 system:
//name OUTPUT LINECT=number
/*JOBPARM COPIES=number,FORMS=form-name,LINECT=number
JES2 treats the 3203 Model 5 the same as a 3211 Printer with the following
exceptions:
v The universal character sets, specified in UCS parameters, for the 3203 Model 5
are the same as for the 1403 printer.
v The 3203 Model 5 does not support indexing; therefore, INDEX and LINDEX
parameters are ignored.
v The installation cannot explicitly identify the 3203 Model 5 printer to JES2 during
JES2 initialization. MVS passes the 3203 Model 5 identification to JES2 through
the unit control block (UCB).
For further information on UCS and UCB, see z/OS DFSMSdfp Advanced Services.
Example 1
//DD1 DD SYSOUT=(A,FMS3),COPIES=5,
// FCB=IMG7,UCS=AN
Example 2
/*JOBPARM COPIES=5,FORMS=FMS3,LINECT=60
In any system:
//ddname DD SYSOUT=class,BURST=value,CHARS=table-name,
// COPIES=(,(group-value)),FLASH=overlay-name,
// MODIFY=(module-name,trc),DCB=OPTCD=J
In a JES2 system:
/*JOBPARM BURST=value
Copy Modification
For sysout data sets printed on a 3800, you can modify selected copies of output
by specifying a copy modification module name in the MODIFY parameter. Copy
modification allows printing predefined data on all pages of a copy or copies of the
data set.
For example, you may want to vary column headings or explanatory remarks on
different copies of the same printed page. Or, you may want to personalize copies
with the recipient’s name, address, and other information. Or, you may want to print
blanks or certain characters, such as asterisks, to suppress the printing of variable
data on particular copies of a page.
Copy modification is done with other printers by using short or spot carbons in the
forms set.
Character Arrangements
Specify in the CHARS parameter character-arrangement tables to be used when
printing on a 3800.
For the names of tables for the 3800, see the 3800 Programmer’s Guide. The
installation should maintain a list of the names of available tables.
Using the IEBIMAGE utility program, the installation can modify or construct
character-arrangement tables and graphic character modification modules to
substitute characters or use installation-designed characters.
To select a character-arrangement table for each logical record in the sysout data
set, the second character of each logical record must contain a trc character and
you must code either of the following:
v TRC in the OUTPUT JCL statement
v OPTCD=J in the DD statement DCB parameter
For details on using the OPTCD subparameter, see the 3800 Programmer’s Guide.
You can code a UCS parameter even though a CHARS parameters is also coded;
do this if the output might be printed on a 3800 or some other printer. If a printer
other than the 3800 is used, the system uses the UCS parameter and ignores the
CHARS parameter.
If UCS is coded and CHARS is not, and the sysout data set is printed on a 3800,
the system uses the UCS value as the default value for the missing CHARS
parameter.
//DD8 DD SYSOUT=B,BURST=YES,CHARS=(GS10,GU12),
// COPIES=(,(5)),FLASH=BILL,MODIFY=(IMG9,1)
Example 2
/*JOBPARM BURST=Y
JES2 ignores these parameters if the output is printed on a device other than a
3211. To send a sysout data set to a 3211, specify the output class set aside by the
installation for printing on a 3211.
Example 1
Example 2
This example moves the right margin in 8 spaces from the usual location.
//ddname DD SYSOUT=(class,form-name),COPIES=number,
// FCB=fcb-name,DCB=FUNC=I
//ddname DD SYSOUT=class,DCB=FUNC=I
If the data set is punched on a different card punch, JES ignores the FUNC=I
subparameter.
The installation can define a special output class for 3525 output.
Examples
//DD17 DD SYSOUT=(Q,PUN6),COPIES=5,
// FCB=IMG4,DCB=FUNC=I
You can code one or both of these parameters. You can place both on the same
statement or one on each statement.
Examples
//SYSABEND DD SYSOUT=J,FCB=STD3,CHARS=DUMP
BYTES, CARDS,
LINES, and
PAGES on JOB
Output Limiting
To limit the number of logical records in a sysout data set, specify a maximum
number of records to be written to a sysout data set or to all sysout data sets in a
job.
By establishing a limit, you avoid printing a useless, huge listing if your program
enters an endless loop that contains a write instruction to a sysout data set. After
reaching the limit, the system abnormally terminates the step, or sends a warning
message to the operator.
The DD OUTLIM parameter limits the number of logical records in a single sysout
data set, or in an internal reader data set. Code the DD statement as follows:
//ddname DD SYSOUT=class,OUTLIM=number
Use the JOB statement BYTES, CARDS, LINES, or PAGES parameter to limit the
number of logical records written to all sysout data sets in a job. Code the job
statement as follows:
In an APPC scheduling environment, you cannot use JES control statements to limit
output. If you code a JES2 control statement in an APPC scheduling environment, it
will cause a JCL error. If you code a JES3 control statement, the system will ignore
it and the statement will appear as a comment in the job listing.
The system limits output based on the limit specified on the JOB statement. If you
do not code a JOB statement limit, the system uses the limit specified on the
//*MAIN or /*JOBPARM statements. If you do not code a limit on the JOB,
/*JOBPARM, or //*MAIN statements, the system uses the installation default limit,
specified at JES initialization.
Example 1
//DD1 DD SYSOUT=T,OUTLIM=3000
Example 2
/*JOBPARM BYTES=40
/*JOBPARM CARDS=2000
/*JOBPARM LINES=4
/*JOBPARM PAGE=400
Example 3
//*MAIN BYTES=(40,WARNING)
//*MAIN LINES=(4,DUMP)
//*MAIN PAGES=(400,WARNING)
Example 4
References
Refer to the following manuals for additional information on potential uses for the
USERDATA keyword.
v z/OS JES2 Installation Exits and z/OS JES2 Macros, section “Choosing Which
Exits to Implement” lists JES2 installation exits 1, 15 and 23 as pertaining to
SYSOUT separator page processing.
v z/OS JES3 Customization, section “Installation Exits Listed by JES3 Function”
lists JES3 installation exits 20, 21, 23 and 45 as pertaining to SYSOUT separator
page processing.
v PSF/MVS System Programming Guide , lists PSF installation exits 1, 2 and 3 as
pertaining to SYSOUT separator page processing.
Examples
Example 1
In this example, the SYSOUT data set DD1 refers to the OUTPUT JCL statement
named OUTUSER1. If the installation intended to print the USERDATA value on the
SYSOUT data set separator page, and if the installation coded the necessary
changes to the JES and PSF SYSOUT data set separator page exits, the TITLE
value enclosed within the apostrophes (My Own SYSOUT Title) would be printed on
the SYSOUT data set separator page. In addition, the USERDATA value enclosed
within the apostrophes (My Own Installation Sub-Title) would be printed on the
SYSOUT data set separator page.
Example 2
In this example, the SYSOUT data set DD2 refers to the OUTPUT JCL statement
named OUTUSER2. If the installation defined its own keyword (LOCALDEV) and
the valid values for the keyword, and if the installation made the necessary changes
to the appropriate JES and PSF exits, the installation would have to parse the
USERDATA value to determine if the installation keyword and value were specified.
The LOCALDEV keyword value of Option1 could then be used by the installation.
The following example uses the COND parameter to conditionally execute job
steps.
Example 2
This job requests that the system produce nine sets of output: eight sets of job
output and one set for the system-managed output data set.
Set 1
In STEP1, DD statement R1 explicitly references OUTPUT JCL statement
OUT3. Therefore, the system produces one set of output at COMPLEX1 for DD
statement R1 combined with OUTPUT JCL statement OUT3.
Set 2
In STEP1, DD statement R2 implicitly references OUTPUT JCL statement
OUT4 for both of the following reasons:
v DD statement R2 does not contain an OUTPUT parameter.
v STEP1 contains an OUTPUT JCL statement with DEFAULT=YES.
Therefore, the system produces three sets of output each for DD statements B1
and B2:
Sets 3 and 4 at COMPLEX7 for DD statement B1 combined with OUTPUT
JCL statement OUT1.
Set 5 at COMPLEX3 for DD statement B1 combined with OUTPUT JCL
statement OUT2.
Sets 6 and 7 at COMPLEX7 for DD statement B2 combined with OUTPUT
JCL statement OUT1.
Set 8 at COMPLEX3 for DD statement B2 combined with OUTPUT JCL
statement OUT2.
Set 9
The system-managed output data set is processed locally because of the
MSGCLASS parameter on the JOB statement.
/*PRIORITY 5
//OUTJOB JOB BAKER,PERFORM=100,MSGCLASS=J
/*SETUP SCHLIB
/*JOBPARM COPIES=2,LINECT=20,ROOM=223,FORMS=GRN1
//OUT1 OUTPUT JESDS=ALL
//OUT2 OUTPUT DEST=PRINTER8,FCB=STD3,FORMS=2PRT,UCS=TN
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=TESTSYSO
//DD1 DD DSN=DATA,DISP=OLD,UNIT=3350,VOL=SER=SCHLIB
//DD2 DD DSN=&&TEMP,UNIT=3350,DISP=(NEW,DELETE),
SPACE=(TRK,(10,5))
//DD3 DD SYSOUT=A,OUTPUT=*.OUT2
//DD4 DD SYSOUT=(A,,GRPH)
//DD5 DD SYSOUT=L,OUTPUT=*.OUT1,DEST=HDQ
This example shows the use of JES2 and JCL statements to obtain output.
1. The job will be selected at priority level 5.
2. The job will run in performance group 100; the meaning of 100 is defined by the
installation. All system messages are to be written to output class J.
3. The JOBPARM statement indicates that:
a. Two copies of the entire job-related output will be printed.
b. No more than 20 lines per page will be printed (LINECT=20). You can
override this LINECT parameter by coding the LINECT parameter on the
OUTPUT JCL statement.
c. The programmer’s room number is 233. This appears on the separator page
and is used for distributing output.
d. Forms name GRN1 is the name of the form to be used by all data sets
unless a specific form is defined on a DD, JES2 /*OUTPUT, or JCL
OUTPUT statement.
4. The OUTPUT JCL statement OUT2 indicates that:
a. The destination for the output is PRINTER8. PRINTER8 does not
necessarily have to be defined as a printer, it can be defined as any output
device.
b. If the printer has the forms control buffer feature, STD3 must be the name of
a member of SYS1.IMAGELIB. STD3 defines the special forms control
buffer image to be used for processing any data set that has *.OUT2 coded
in the SYSOUT parameter.
c. Forms name 2PRT is the name of the form JES2 uses for printing any data
sets that have *.OUT2 coded in the SYSOUT parameter (for example, DD3).
d. TN is the train or UCS used in output processing.
5. The SETUP statement indicates that volume SCHLIB should be mounted before
this job begins processing.
6. SYSOUT data sets (except DD3 and DD4) are printed on the form called
GRN1. The DD4 SYSOUT data set is printed on the form called GRPH; the
DD3 SYSOUT data set is printed on the form called 2PRT because the code
name subparameter of DD3 contains the value *.OUT2 (referring to the
OUTPUT JCL statement).
7. The output data set from DD5 and the accompanying data sets will be sent to
HDQ.
This example shows some of the JES3 and JCL statements that can be used to
obtain output.
1. All system messages are to be written to output class J.
2. The first //*FORMAT statement indicates that:
a. All print data sets (according to class) that do not have //*FORMAT
statements will be printed according to the parameters on this statement
unless the output class defines specific processing characteristics because
DDNAME is coded without a name (DDNAME=,) and applies to all output
data sets for the job.
b. JES3 uses the form named GRN1 and prints two copies of all data sets
unless a specific form or number of copies is defined on a DD statement or
for a class by the installation.
3. The second //*FORMAT statement indicates that:
a. The destination for the output is a printer that has an installation-defined
name of PRINTER8.
b. If PRINTER8 has the forms control buffer feature, STD3 must be the name
of a member of SYS1.IMAGELIB. STD3 defines the special forms control
buffer image or carriage tape to be used for processing the job.
c. Forms name 2PRT is the name of the forms for DD3.
d. TN means test printing on a 1403, 3211, or 3203-5 printer.
/*PRIORITY 8
//DATASETS JOB FREEMAN,MSGLEVEL=1
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=IEFBR14
//D1 DD DSN=ABC,DISP=(NEW,CATLG),UNIT=3350,
// VOL=SER=333001,SPACE=(CYL,(12,1,1),CONTIG)
//D2 DD DSN=&&NAME,UNIT=3330,SPACE=(TRK,(10,1))
//D3 DD DSN=SYSLIB,DISP=(OLD,KEEP)
//D4 DD *
.
.
.
data
.
.
.
/*
1. This job runs in priority 8, the meaning of which is defined by the installation.
2. The job statement specifies that system messages and JCL statements are to
be printed (MSGLEVEL=1).
3. D1 catalogs a newly created data set. The space request is for 12 primary
cylinders, 1 secondary, 1 directory, and the space is to be contiguous.
4. D2 creates a temporary data set on a 3330. The space request is for 10 primary
tracks and 1 secondary.
5. D3 defines an old cataloged data set.
6. D4 defines a SYSIN data set. This will be followed by data in the input stream.
Indexed sequential (ISAM) data sets are created and retrieved using special
subsets of DD statement parameters and subparameters. Each data set can occupy
up to three different areas:
v Index area: This area contains master and cylinder indexes associated with the
data set. It exists for any indexed sequential data set that has a prime area
occupying more than one cylinder.
v Prime area: This area contains data and related track indexes. It exists for all
indexed sequential data sets.
v Overflow area: This area contains overflow from the prime area when new data
is added. It is optional.
Indexed sequential data sets must reside on direct access volumes. The data set
can reside on more than one volume and the volumes may, in some cases, be on
different types of devices. If the volumes have indexed volume tables of contents
(VTOCs), the ISAM index area must reside on the first volume.
Or
1. Prime area and, optionally, index area
2. Overflow area
One DD statement
The statement defines the prime area and, optionally, the index area.
When more than one DD statement is used to define the data set, assign a ddname
only to the first DD statement; the name field of the other statements must be
blank.
The only DD statement parameters that can be coded when defining a new indexed
sequential data set are:
DSNAME Parameter
//ddname DD DSNAME=name
When you reuse previously allocated space to create an indexed sequential data
set, the DSNAME parameter must contain the name of the old data set to be
overlaid.
UNIT Parameter
The UNIT parameter is required on any DD statement that defines a new indexed
sequential data set, unless VOLUME=REF=reference is coded. You must request a
direct access device in the UNIT parameter. Do not code DEFER.
If the prime and index areas are defined on separate DD statements, request the
same number of direct access devices for the prime area as volumes specified in
the VOLUME parameter. Request only one direct access volume for an index area
and one for an overflow area.
A DD statements for the index area or overflow area can request a device type
different than the type requested on the other statements.
VOLUME Parameter
The VOLUME parameter is required if you want an area of the data set written on a
specific volume or the prime area requires the use of more than one volume. If the
prime area and index area are defined on the same statement, you cannot request
more than one volume on the DD statement. Either supply the volume serial
number(s) in the VOLUME parameter or code VOLUME=REF=reference. In all
cases, you can specify PRIVATE in the VOLUME parameter.
Note:
v If a nonspecific volume request is used when creating a new indexed sequential
data set and its DSNAME already exists on a volume eligible for allocation, the
job will fail if the system places the new data set on that volume. However, if the
old data set with the duplicate name is on a volume other than the one selected
for the new data set, the new data set is not affected and will be added to the
volume. You can correct job failures caused by duplicate names by scratching
the old data set or by renaming the new data set, then resubmitting the job.
v The system fails to allocate space for a new indexed sequential data set with a
nonspecific volume request when none of the volumes eligible for allocation
contain enough space.
LABEL Parameter
DCB Parameter
You must code the DCB parameter on every DD statement that defines an indexed
sequential data set. At minimum, the DCB parameter must contain DSORG=IS or
DSORG=ISU. Other DCB subparameters can be coded to complete the data
control block, if the processing program does not complete it.
When more than one DD statement is used to define the data set, code all the DCB
subparameters on the first DD statement. On the other DD statements, refer to the
DCB parameter on the first statement by coding:
DCB=*.ddname
When reusing previously allocated space and recreating an indexed sequential data
set, desired changes in the DCB parameter must be coded on the DD statement.
Although you are creating a new data set, some DCB subparameters cannot be
changed if you want to use the space the old data set used. The DCB
subparameters you can change are:
DISP Parameter
If you are creating a new data set and not reusing preallocated space, the DISP
parameter is needed only if you want to:
Keep the data set DISP=(,KEEP)
Catalog the data set DISP=(,CATLG)
Pass the data set DISP=(,PASS)
If you are reusing previously allocated space and recreating an indexed sequential
data set, code DISP=OLD. The newly created data set will overlay the old one.
In order to catalog the data set by coding DISP=(,CATLG) or to pass the data set
by coding DISP=(,PASS), you must define the data set on only one DD statement.
If you define the data set on more than one DD statement and the volumes
containing the data set are on the same device type, use the access method
services DEFINE command to catalog the data set. For details, refer to
z/OS DFSMS Access Method Services,
SPACE Parameter
You must request the primary quantity in cylinders, CYL. When the DD statement
that defines the prime area requests more than one volume, each volume is
assigned the number of cylinders requested in the SPACE parameter.
The index subparameter is used to indicate how many cylinders are required for an
index. When you use one DD statement to define the prime and index areas and
you want to explicitly state the size of the index, code the index subparameter.
You can code the CONTIG subparameter in the SPACE parameter. However, if you
code CONTIG on one of the statements, you must code it on all of them.
You cannot request a secondary quantity for an indexed sequential data set. Also,
you cannot code the subparameters RLSE, MXIG, ALX, and ROUND.
The number of tracks requested must be equal to one or more whole cylinders. The
address of the beginning track must be the first track of a cylinder other than the
first cylinder on the volume. When the DD statement that defines the prime area
requests more than one volume, space is allocated for the prime area beginning at
the specified address and continuing through the volume and onto the next volume
until the request is satisfied. This can be done only if the volume table of contents
of the second and all succeeding volumes is contained in the first cylinder of each
volume.
Use the index subparameter to indicate how many tracks the index requires. The
number of tracks specified must be equal to one or more cylinders. When you use
one DD statement to define the prime and index areas and you want to state the
size of the index, code the index subparameter.
The system uses an additional criterion when the index area is not defined on a
separate DD statement: Is an index size coded in the SPACE parameter on the DD
statement that defines the prime area?
1
If both areas are on volumes on the same device type and if one of the cylinders allocated for the index
area is only partially filled, the system establishes the overflow area in the unused portion of that cylinder.
2
If the index area occupies at least one cylinder and if the unused portion of the index area is less than one
cylinder, the unused portion is established as an overflow area. For a one-cylinder data set, no overflow
area is established.
The only DD statement parameters that you may code when retrieving an indexed
sequential data set are:
DSNAME
UNIT
VOLUME
DCB
DISP
The DSNAME parameter is always required. Identify the data set by its name. Do
not code INDEX, PRIME, or OVFLOW. If the data set was passed from a previous
step, identify it by a backward reference.
UNIT Parameter
The UNIT parameter must be coded, unless the data set resides on one volume
and was passed. Specify in the UNIT parameter the device type and the unit-count,
if more than one device is required.
If the data set is on more than one volume but the volumes are for the same device
type, you need only one DD statement to retrieve the data set. Request one device
per volume in the UNIT parameter.
If the areas are on different types of devices, code a DD statement for each
different device type.
VOLUME Parameter
The VOLUME parameter must be coded, unless the data set is on one volume and
was passed from a previous step. Identify in the VOLUME parameter the serial
numbers of the volumes on which the data set resides. Code the serial numbers in
the same order that they were coded on the DD statements used to create the data
set.
DCB Parameter
The DCB parameter must always contain DSORG=IS or DSORG=ISU. Do not code
other DCB subparameters if the data set is passed from a previous step or is
cataloged. However, you can code other DCB subparameters to complete the data
control block, if it is not completed in the processing program.
DISP Parameter
The DISP parameter must always be coded. The first subparameter of the DISP
parameter must be SHR or OLD.
When you are updating an existing indexed sequential data set, code DISP=OLD. If
you specify DISP=SHR, the data set will not open correctly.
Example 1
//ISAMJOB JOB ,,MSGLEVEL=(1,1),PERFORM=25
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=INCLUDE
//DD1 DD DSNAME=DATASET1(INDEX),DISP=(NEW,KEEP),UNIT=3330,
// VOLUME=SER=777777,SPACE=(CYL,(10),,CONTIG),
// DCB=(DSORG=IS,RECFM=F,LRECL=80,RKP=1,KEYLEN=8)
// DD DSNAME=DATASET1(PRIME),DISP=(NEW,KEEP),UNIT=3330,
// VOLUME=REF=*.DD1,SPACE=(CYL,(25),,CONTIG),DCB=*.DD1
// DD DSNAME=DATASET1(OVFLOW),DISP=(NEW,KEEP),UNIT=3330,
// VOLUME=REF=*.DD1,SPACE=(CYL,(25),,CONTIG),DCB=*.DD1
This example creates an indexed sequential data set on one 3330 volume.
Example 2
//RETRISAM JOB ,,MSGLEVEL=(1,1),PERFORM=25
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=RETRIEVE
//DDISAM DD DSNAME=DATASET1,DCB=DSORG=IS,UNIT=3330,DISP=OLD,
// VOLUME=SER=777777
This example job shows the DD statements needed to retrieve the indexed
sequential data set created in the first example.
Example 3
//ISAMJOB JOB ,,MSGLEVEL=(1,1),PERFORM=25
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=IEFISAM
//DDISAM DD DSNAME=DATASET2(INDEX),DISP=(NEW,KEEP),UNIT=3330,
// VOLUME=SER=888888,SPACE=(CYL,10,,CONTIG),DCB=(DSORG=IS,
This job creates an indexed sequential data set on one 3330 and two 3350
volumes.
Example 4
//RERISAM JOB ,,MSGLEVEL=(1,1),PERFORM=25
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=IEFISAM
//DDISAM DD DSNAME=DATASET2,DCB=DSORG=IS,DISP=OLD,UNIT=3330,
// VOLUME=SER=888888
// DD DSNAME=DATASET2,DCB=DSORG=IS,DISP=OLD,UNIT=(3350,2),
// VOLUME=SER=(999999,AAAAAA)
This job shows the DD statements needed to retrieve the indexed sequential data
set created in the previous example.
Example 5
//CATISAM JOB ,,MSGLEVEL=(1,1),PERFORM=25
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=IDCAMS
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=*
//SYSIN DD *
DEFINE NONVSAM (NAME(DATASET2) DEVT(3330 3350 3350) -
VOL(888888 999999 AAAAAA) )
/*
This job catalogs a data set previously created on 3330 and 3350 volumes. (See
the third example, jobname ISAMJOB.)
For information about generation numbers, see z/OS DFSMS: Using Data Sets.
When creating a generation data set, the relative generation number tells the
system whether this is the first data set being added during the job, the second, the
third, etc. When retrieving a generation data set, the relative generation number
tells the system how many data sets have been added to the group since this data
set was added.
The first time you use a relative generation number for a generation data group
within a job, the system establishes the relationship between the relative generation
number and the absolute generation number. The system maintains this relationship
throughout the job.
For example, if you create a generation data set with a relative generation number
of (+1), the system recognizes any subsequent reference to (+1) throughout the job
as having the same absolute generation number.
Use the access method services DEFINE command to build generation data group
bases in an integrated catalog facility catalog. This command is described in z/OS
DFSMS Access Method Services.
Another requirement (in addition to a GDG base entry) for an SMS-managed GDG
is a storage class for a new generation data set. The system uses the attributes
defined in the data class and storage class when you create a new generation data
set.
Note: Rather than using a data class to specify data set allocation attributes, you
can specify the LIKE or the REFDD parameter.
You can let the installation-written automatic class selection (ACS) routines select a
data class and storage class for a new generation data set, or you can specify the
DSNAME Parameter
In the DSNAME parameter, code the name of the GDG followed by a number, +1 to
+255, in parentheses. If this is the first data set being added to a GDG in the job,
code +1 in parentheses. Each time in the job you add a data set to the same GDG,
increase the number by one.
When referring to this data set in a subsequent job step, code the relative
generation number used to create it on the DSNAME parameter. You cannot refer
to this data set in the step in which it was created. At the end of the job, the system
updates the relative generation numbers of all generations in the group to reflect
the additions.
Note: If the relative generation number makes the absolute generation number
exceed G9999Vyy, wraparound occurs. In an integrated catalog facility
catalog, if you create a new generation data set with a relative generation
number, such as (+1), and an absolute generation number of G9999Vyy
exists in the GDG base, the wraparound generates number G0001Vyy. (For
information about absolute generation numbers and version numbers, in the
form GxxxxVyy, see z/OS DFSMS: Using Data Sets.)
If the ACS routines do not select the needed data class or storage class, code the
DATACLAS or STORCLAS parameters (and any DD parameters needed to override
attributes in the data class or storage class).
DISP Parameter
Assign new generation data sets a status of NEW and a normal termination
disposition of CATLG, KEEP, DELETE, or PASS.
DISP=(NEW,CATLG)
DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
At step and job termination, the deferred generation data set remains in a deferred
roll-in state. This means that the temporary catalog entry is not removed and an
entry is not made in the GDG base.
DISP=(NEW,DELETE)
At step termination, the deferred generation data set is scratched and uncataloged.
DISP=(NEW,PASS)
At job termination, the deferred generation data set is scratched and uncataloged.
Note: If you create a new generation data set and a deferred generation data set
exists with the same GxxxxVyy number, the number and its associated
space are reused.
Attributes can be supplied before you catalog a generation, when you catalog it, or
at both times, as follows:
1. Create a model data set label on the volume on which your index resides. You
can provide initial DCB attributes when you create your model; however, you
need not provide any attributes at this time. Because only the attributes in the
data set label are used, the model data set can be allocated with
SPACE=(TRK,0) to conserve direct access space. (For an indexed sequential
data set, a space request greater than 0 is required.) Initial or overriding
attributes can be supplied when you create and catalog a generation.
To create a model data set label, include the following DD statement in the job
step that builds the index or in any other job step that precedes the step in
which you create and catalog your generation.
//name DD DSNAME=datagrpname,DISP=(,KEEP),SPACE=(TRK,0),
// UNIT=yyyy,VOLUME=SER=xxxxxx,
// DCB=(applicable subparameters)
To refer to a cataloged data set for the use of its attributes, specify
DCB=dsname on the DD statement that creates and catalogs your generation.
DSNAME Parameter
In the DSNAME parameter, code the name of the GDG followed by a number, +1 to
+255, in parentheses. If this is the first data set being added to a GDG in the job,
code +1 in parentheses. Each time in the job you add a data set to the same GDG,
increase the number by one.
When referring to this data set in a subsequent job step, code the relative
generation number used to create it on the DSNAME parameter. You cannot refer
to this data set in the step in which it was created. At the end of the job, the system
updates the relative generation numbers of all generations in the group to reflect
the additions.
Note: If the relative generation number makes the absolute generation number
exceed G9999Vyy, wraparound occurs. In an integrated catalog facility
catalog, if you create a new generation data set with a relative generation
number, such as (+1), and an absolute generation number of G9999Vyy
exists in the GDG base, the wraparound generates number G0001Vyy.
(For information about absolute generation numbers and version numbers, in the
form GxxxxVyy, see z/OS DFSMS: Using Data Sets.)
DISP Parameter
UNIT Parameter
The UNIT parameter is required for a new generation data set unless
VOLUME=REF=reference is coded. In the UNIT parameter, identify the type of
device wanted.
VOLUME Parameter
Assign a volume in the VOLUME parameter, or omit the VOLUME parameter and
let the system assign the volume. The VOLUME parameter can request a private
volume, PRIVATE, and more than one volume in the volume count.
SPACE Parameter
Code the SPACE parameter when the generation data set is to reside on a direct
access volume.
LABEL Parameter
You can specify label type; password protection, PASSWORD; and a retention
period, EXPDT or RETPD, in the LABEL parameter. If the data set is to reside on a
tape volume and is not the first data set on the volume, specify a data set
sequence number.
DCB Parameter
If you use a model data set label from the same GDG and if the label contains all
the attributes for this generation data set, omit the DCB parameter. If all the
attributes are not contained in the label or if you want to override certain attributes,
code DCB=(list of attributes).
If you use a model data set label from a different GDG and if the label contains all
the attributes for this generation data set, code DCB=dsname. If some attributes are
missing from the label or if you want to override some attributes, code
DCB=(dsname,list of attributes).
If a model data set label does not exist, you must use the label for a cataloged data
set. Code DCB=dsname. If some attributes are missing from the label, or if you
want to override some attributes, code DCB=(dsname,list of attributes).
DSNAME Parameter
To retrieve a single generation data set, code in the DSNAME parameter the name
of the generation data group followed by a relative generation number in
parentheses. The number indicates which generation data set is to be retrieved. To
retrieve the most recent data set, code a zero.
To retrieve data sets created before the most recent data set, code a minus value,
-1 to -255. The value of nnn indicates the relation of the desired data set to the
most current data set: (-1) refers to the data set created immediately before the
most recent data set; (-2) refers to the data set created before the data set
identified by (-1).
For example:
Relative generation numbers are maintained by the system only when generation
data sets are specified using relative generation numbers.
Note: Refer to generation data sets in a deferred roll-in state by their relative
number, such as (+1), within the job that creates it. Refer to generation data
sets in a deferred roll-in state by their absolute generation number
(GxxxxVyy) in subsequent jobs. For more information on how to refer to
GDG data sets in a deferred roll-in state, see z/OS DFSMS: Using Data
Sets.
Note: When retrieving a generation data set within a started task, and the
generation data set is cataloged in a private catalog or control volume
(CVOL), coding a relative generation number produces unpredictable results.
To retrieve all generations of a GDG as a single data set, specify the GDG name
without a generation number in the DSNAME parameter; this is called a GDG ALL
request. For example:
DSNAME=PAYROLL For all generations
To use a GDG ALL request, the DCB attributes and data set organization of all
generations must be identical.
The system treats a GDG ALL request as a concatenation of all existing data sets
in the GDG, starting with the most recent data set and ending with the oldest, which
can affect the meaning of system messages in the job output listing.
For example, assume that data set GDGDS has two generations and that data sets
A and B are not generation data sets. To concatenate A, all generations of GDGDS,
and B, you would code the following JCL:
Because of the GDG ALL request, the system treats DD1 as if you had coded the
following statements, and assigns the following relative position numbers:
| //DD1 DD DSN=A,DISP=SHR +000
| // DD DSN=GDGDS(0),DISP=SHR,UNIT=AFF=DD1 +001
| // DD DSN=GDGDS(-1),DISP=SHR,UNIT=AFF=DD1 +002
| // DD DSN=B,DISP=SHR,UNIT=AFF=DD1 +003
| The generated DD statements will automatically have unit affinity to each other
| even if you did not code UNIT=AFF:
| //DD2 DD DSN=A,DISP=SHR
| // DD DSN=GDGDS,DISP=SHR
| // DD DSN=B,DISP=SHR
| The system treats DD2 as though you had coded the following JCL statements, and
| assigns the following relative position numbers:
| //DD2 DD DSN=A,DISP=SHR +000
| // DD DSN=GDGDS(0),DISP=SHR +001
| // DD DSN=GDGDS(-1),DISP=SHR,UNIT=AFF=(DD2+001) +002
| // DD DSN=B,DISP=SHR +003
Any error message uses the relative position based on each generation included,
not the position you explicitly specified. For example, an error message that
includes a relative position of +002 refers to GDGDS(-1), not data set B.
All older generations have unit affinity to the newest data set.
For a GDG on tape, when you use a GDG ALL request and specify parallel
mounting in the UNIT parameter, the system mounts all volumes of only the first
generation.
For a GDG on direct access, when you use a GDG ALL request and specify parallel
mounting in the UNIT parameter, the system mounts all volumes of all generations.
DISP Parameter
For both SMS-managed and non-SMS-managed data sets, always code the DISP
parameter. The first subparameter of the DISP parameter must be OLD, SHR, or
MOD. If you code MOD for a generation data set and the specified relative
generation does not exist in the catalog, the system changes the status to NEW.
UNIT Parameter
For non-SMS-managed data sets, code the unit-count subparameter in the UNIT
parameter when you want more than one device assigned to the data set. Or, if the
data set resides on more than one volume and you want as many devices as there
are volumes, code P in the UNIT parameter.
For non-SMS-managed data sets, use the VOLUME parameter to request a private
volume, PRIVATE, and to indicate that more volumes might be required, volume
count. For an old generation data set, do not specify either a volume serial number
or a volume reference to another data set or to an earlier DD statement.
LABEL Parameter
For non-SMS-managed data sets, code the LABEL parameter when the data set is
on tape and has other than standard labels. If the data set is not the first data set
on the volume, specify the data set sequence number. If the data set sequence
number is coded for a GDG ALL request, it is ignored; the data set sequence
number is obtained from the catalog.
DCB Parameter
For non-SMS-managed data sets, code DCB=(list of attributes) when the data set
has other than standard labels and DCB information is required to complete the
data control block. Do not code DCB=dsname.
In a multiple-step job, catalog or uncatalog generation data sets using the DD DISP
parameter. Do not use the IEHPROGM utility program or a user program. Because
system routines access the catalog during job execution, they are unaware of the
functions performed by IEHPROGM or a user program; you might get unpredictable
results.
When you delete a generation data group in a multiple-step job, remember that the
first time you use a relative generation number for a generation data group within a
job, the system establishes the relationship between the relative generation number
and the absolute generation number. The system maintains this relationship
throughout the job.
The following examples illustrate how the system maintains this relationship when
deleting a generation data group:
Assume the following generation data sets already exist with absolute generation
numbers: G0006V00, G0007V00, and G0008V00.
In the following example, the JCL is set up to delete all generation data sets at the
beginning of the job.
//STEP1 EXEC
//DD1 DD DISP=(OLD,DELETE),DSN=A.B.C
//STEP2 EXEC
//DD2 DD DISP=(NEW,CATLG),DSN=A.B.C(+1)
//STEP3 EXEC
//DD3 DD DISP=(NEW,CATLG),DSN=A.B.C(+2)
To refer to generation data sets that were created and cataloged in steps before the
restart step, use their present relative generation numbers. For example, if the last
generation data set created and cataloged was assigned a generation number of
+2, it would be referred to as 0 in the restart step and in steps following the restart
step. In this case, the generation data set assigned number of +1 when created
would be referred to as -1.
If generation data sets created in the restart step were kept instead of cataloged,
that is, DISP=(NEW,CATLG,KEEP), you can, during checkpoint restart, refer to
these data sets and generation data sets created and cataloged in steps before the
restart step by the same relative generation numbers that were used to create
them.
The system does not use the catalog to obtain the volume serial numbers for a
GDG. Therefore, if you changed the volume serial numbers in the catalog between
the original submission of the job and the restart, you must code volume serial
numbers.
Example 1
This step shows the DD statements used to add three SMS-managed data sets to a
GDG.
The installation-written automatic class selection (ACS) routines are used to select
a data class and storage class for the data sets.
Example 2
This job shows the DD statements needed to retrieve the SMS-managed generation
data sets created in the first example, when the GDG contains no other generation
data sets.
Example 3
This step shows the DD statements used to add three non-SMS-managed data sets
to a GDG.
DD1 and DD2 do not include the DCB parameter because a model data set label
exists on the same volume as the GDG index and has the same name as the GDG:
A.B.C. Because the DCB parameter is coded on the third DD statement, the
attributes LRECL and BLKSIZE override the attributes included in the model data
set label.
Example 4
Example 5
Appendix B. Generation Data Sets B-11
Appendix B. GDG
For SMS-managed data sets:
//J1 JOB ACCT34,'DEPT.17'
//S11 EXEC PGM=P1
//A DD DSNAME=GDGDS(+1),DISP=(NEW,CATLG),STORCLAS=...
//S12 EXEC PGM=P2
//B DD DSNAME=GDGDS(+2),DISP=(NEW,CATLG),STORCLAS=...
//S13 EXEC PGM=P3
//C DD DSNAME=GDGDS(+1),DISP=OLD
.
.
//J2 JOB ACCT34,'DEPT.17'
//S21 EXEC PGM=P4
//D DD DSNAME=GDGDS,DISP=OLD
//S22 EXEC PGM=P5
//E DD DSNAME=GDGDS(0),DISP=OLD
//S23 EXEC PGM=P6
//F DD DSNAME=GDGDS(+1),DISP=(NEW,CATLG),STORCLAS=...
//S24 EXEC PGM=P7
//G DD DSNAME=GDGDS(+2),DISP=(NEW,CATLG),STORCLAS=...
//S25 EXEC PGM=P8
//H DD DSNAME=GDGDS(+1),DISP=OLD
//S26 EXEC PGM=P9
//J DD DSNAME=GDGDS(+2),DISP=OLD
//S27 EXEC PGM=P10
//K DD DSNAME=GDGDS(0),DISP=OLD
//S28 EXEC PGM=P11
//L DD DSNAME=GDGDS(-1),DISP=OLD
//S29 EXEC PGM=P12
//M DD DSNAME=GDGDS,DISP=OLD
.
.
These two jobs show the creation and retrieval of generation data sets.
DD statement A - create 1st generation (cataloged at allocation, rolled in at end
of step).
DD statement B - create 2nd generation (cataloged at allocation, rolled in at end
of step).
DD statement C - reference 1st generation.
At the end of job J1, generation 1 and 2 have been cataloged.
Example 6
These two jobs show the creation and retrieval of generation data sets.
DD statement A - create 1st generation (and catalog at end of step).
DD statement B - create 2nd generation (and catalog at end of step).
DD statement C - reference 1st generation.
At the end of job J1, generation 1 and 2 have been cataloged.
See Appendix D. Data Sets with SMS for information about SMS.
The system catalogs a permanent VSAM data set when the data set is allocated.
You can pass VSAM data sets within a job. (Note that the system replaces PASS
with KEEP for old permanent VSAM data sets. When you refer to the data set later
in the job, the system obtains data set information from the catalog.)
SER The volume serial number(s) used in the access method services
DEFINE command for the data set must match the volume serial
numbers in the VOLUME=SER specification when the data set is
defined. After a VSAM data set is defined, the volume serial
number(s) need not be specified on a DD statement to retrieve the
data set. If, however, VOLUME=SER and UNIT=type are specified,
only those volumes specifically named are initially mounted. Other
volumes may be mounted when needed, if at least one of the units
allocated to the data set cannot be shared or the unit count is equal
to the total number of volumes allocated to the data set. A unit
cannot be shared when the unit count is less than the number of
volume serial numbers specified or when DEFER is specified.
Table C-2. With SMS, DD Parameters to Avoid when Processing VSAM Data Sets
Parameter Subparameter Comment
BURST Not applicable.
CHARS Not applicable.
CHKPT VSAM ignores CHKPT.
COPIES Not applicable.
DATA Not applicable.
VSAM has one DD statement parameter of its own, AMP. The AMP parameter takes
effect when the data set defined by the DD statement is opened.
Table C-3. Without SMS, DD Parameters to Use when Processing VSAM Data Sets
Parameter Subparameter Comment
AMP This parameter has subparameters for:
1. Overriding operands specified with the ACB, EXLST, or the
GENCB macro instructions
2. Supplying operands missing from the ACB or GENCB macro
instruction
3. Indicating checkpoint/restart options
4. Indicating options when using ISAM macro instructions to
process a key-sequenced data set
5. Indicating that the data set is a VSAM data set when the DD
statement specifies unit and volume information or DUMMY
6. Indicating that VSAM is to supply storage dumps of the ACBs
that identify the DD statement
DDNAME ddname No special considerations for VSAM.
DISP SHR Indicates that you are willing to share the data set with other jobs.
This subparameter alone, however, does not guarantee that sharing
will take place. See z/OS DFSMS: Using Data Sets for a full
description of data-set sharing.
OLD No special considerations for VSAM.
DSNAME dsname Names the VSAM cluster to which the data set belongs.
DUMMY No special considerations for VSAM, except that an attempt to read
results in an end-of-data condition, and an attempt to write results in
a return code that indicates the write was successful. If specified,
AMP=AMORG must also be specified.
DYNAM No special considerations for VSAM.
FREE No special considerations for VSAM.
PROTECT No special considerations for VSAM.
SER The volume serial number(s) used in the access method services
DEFINE command for the data set must match the volume serial
numbers in the VOLUME=SER specification when the data set is
defined. After a VSAM data set is defined, the volume serial
number(s) need not be specified on a DD statement to retrieve the
data set. If, however, VOLUME=SER and UNIT=type are specified,
only those volumes specifically named are initially mounted. Other
volumes may be mounted when needed, if at least one of the units
allocated to the data set cannot be shared or the unit count is equal
to the total number of volumes allocated to the data set. A unit
cannot be shared when the unit count is less than the number of
volume serial numbers specified or when DEFER is specified.
Table C-4. Without SMS, DD Parameters to Avoid when Processing VSAM Data Sets
Parameter Subparameter Comment
BURST Not applicable.
CHARS Not applicable.
CHKPT VSAM ignores CHKPT.
COPIES Not applicable.
SMS, when installed and active, manages data sets and allows you to more easily
define new data sets via DD statements. The storage administrator at your
installation determines the data sets that are to be managed by SMS.
If the data set is to be managed through SMS, you cannot enclose the data set
name in apostrophes on the DSNAME parameter on the DD statement. However,
the following exception applies: You can enclose the data set name on the
DSNAME parameter in apostrophes if the data set is to be assigned to, or already
resides on, an SMS-managed mountable tape volume. This exception applies only
if DFSMS/MVS 1.1 or later is installed.
Note: In this book, “with SMS” indicates information that applies when SMS is
installed and active; “without SMS” indicates SMS is not installed or is not
active.
SMS Constructs
With SMS, a new data set can have one or more of the following three constructs:
v Data class - contains the data set attributes related to the allocation of the data
set.
v Management class - contains the data set attributes related to the migration and
backup of the data set. A management class can only be assigned to a data set
that also has a storage class assigned.
v Storage class - contains the data set attributes related to the storage occupied by
the data set.
A data set that has a storage class assigned is defined as an
“SMS-managed data set”.
The storage administrator at your installation writes the automatic class selection
(ACS) routines that SMS uses to assign the constructs to a new data set.
You can code the DDNAME, DSNAME, and DISP parameters to define a new data
set:
//SMSDS0 DD DSNAME=MYDS0.PGM,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
//SMSDSR DD DSNAME=MYDS0.PGM,DISP=MOD
In the example, installation-written ACS routines (possibly based on the data set
name and information from your JOB, EXEC, and DD statements) can select a data
class, management class, and storage class appropriate for the data set. You code
only the ddname, dsname, and disposition of the data set. The constructs selected
by the ACS routines contain all the other attributes needed to manage the data set.
Without SMS
You would have needed to code the data set attributes on the DCB, SPACE, UNIT,
and VOLUME parameters; for example:
//SMSDS0 DD DSNAME=MYDS0.PGM,VOLUME=SER=SYS084,
// UNIT=SYSDA,SPACE=(TRK,(10,5)),DISP=(NEW,CATLG),
// DCB=(RECFM=FB,LRECL=80,BLKSIZE=3120)
Existing JCL
Generally, your existing JCL will continue to execute correctly. SMS allows the
installation to benefit from the data class, management class, and storage class
constructs without changing existing JCL. The installation-written ACS routines can
be designed to filter existing parameters on the DD statement and select
appropriate constructs for the data set.
Default Unit
Also with SMS, for a non-SMS-managed data set, if your storage administrator has
set a system default unit under SMS, you do not need to specify UNIT. Check with
your storage administrator.
Specifying Constructs
In many cases, the constructs selected by the installation-written ACS routines are
sufficient for your data sets.
However, when defining a new data set, you can select a data class, management
class, or storage class by coding one or more of the following DD parameters:
v DATACLAS - specifies the data class
v MGMTCLAS - specifies the management class
v STORCLAS - specifies the storage class
The storage administrator has defined the names of the classes you can specify.
You can view the names and attributes defined in each of the named classes by
using ISMF. See z/OS DFSMS: Using the Interactive Storage Management Facility
for information on how to use ISMF.
//SMSDS1 DD DSNAME=MYDS1.PGM,DATACLAS=DCLAS01,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
In the example, SMS uses the attributes in the data class named DCLAS01 to
manage the data set. The installation-written ACS routines can select the
management class and storage class.
Note that an ACS routine can override the data class, management class, or
storage class that you specify.
For example:
//SMSDS2 DD DSNAME=MYDS2.PGM,DATACLAS=DCLAS02,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),
// LRECL=256,EXPDT=1996/033
In the example, the logical record length of 256 and the expiration date of February
2, 1996, override the corresponding attributes defined in the data class for the data
set.
With SMS, you can associate a data class with any new data set, (whether or not it
is system-managed). If you do not specify one or more of the DD parameters listed
earlier (RECORG, RECFM, LRECL, KEYLEN, and so forth), the system uses the
defined data class attributes.
For an existing system-managed DASD data set, note that you cannot use the
volume-count subparameter to override the current volume count. (If you use the
subparameter, the system ignores your specification and uses the current volume
count.)
//SMSDS4 DD DSNAME=MYDS4.PGM,STORCLAS=SCLAS04,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),
// VOLUME=SER=(222333,333444)
In the example, the data set will reside on volume serials 222333 and 333444.
However, you can override the default profile by coding the SECMODEL parameter.
On the SECMODEL parameter, specify the name of an existing RACF data set
profile.
For example:
//SMSDS5 DD DSNAME=MYDS5.PGM,SECMODEL=(GROUP1.PGM),DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
For example:
//SMSDS6 DD DSNAME=MYDS6.PGM,LIKE=MYDSCAT.PGM,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
or
//SMSDS7 DD DSNAME=MYDS7.PGM,DATACLAS=DCLAS02,DISP=(NEW,KEEP)
//SMSDS8 DD DSNAME=MYDS8.PGM,REFDD=*.SMSDS7,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),
// LRECL=1024
For both LIKE and REFDD, you can override data class attributes obtained from the
referenced data set by coding those DD parameters that can be used to override
attributes in these classes.
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Index X-3
destination control task for requesting sysout resources end processing task for requesting data set resource
(continued) (continued)
example 24-5 bypassing 17-8
to assist in sysout distribution 24-7 cataloging 17-3
to internal reader 24-5 default 17-8
example 24-6 deleting 17-2
to local or remote device or to another node 24-1 effect of device type 17-2
example 24-4, 24-5 example 17-9, 17-10
in JES2 network 24-2 keeping 17-3
in JES3 network 24-4 passing 17-5
to terminal 24-7 uncataloging 17-5
example 24-7 when no abnormal termination disposition
device coded 17-2
allocation 15-2 disposition of volume 17-11
management in JES3 system 15-11 example 17-11, 17-12
number allocated 15-6 of removable volume 17-11
specifying as destination for sysout data set 24-1 release of unused direct access space 17-10
DFSMSdfp example 17-11
with SMS-managed data set D-1 unallocation 17-1
directory example 17-1
of PDS 9-1 end processing task for requesting sysout resource
DISP parameter chart 23-1
use 12-6, 13-1, 17-1, A-3, A-6, B-3, B-5, B-8, B-9, description 23-1
D-2 unallocating 23-1
when data set is cataloged 12-6 example 23-1
DJC (dependent job control) entering jobs
use 5-4 task in job control 2-4
DLM parameter error
use 12-5 scanning JCL 10-15
documentation EVEN subparameter
job and its resource requirement 7-2 example 10-12
DPAGELBL parameter to force step execution 10-6
use 20-1 event
DSID parameter external
use 12-6, 18-2 holding job 6-1
DSNAME parameter execution
use 12-1, 12-5, 15-18, 18-1, A-2, A-6, B-3, B-5, B-6, at remote node 5-6
D-2 considerations for 5-7
DSNTYPE parameter example 5-7
use 13-6, D-3 chart 5-1
DUMMY parameter deadline or periodic 5-3
use 16-1, 22-8 example 5-4
with SUBSYS parameter 16-4 use 5-4
dump description 5-1, 6-1
after error 10-17 of procedure 5-1
format 25-5 example 5-2
high-density 10-18 of program 5-1
DUMP subparameter example 5-1
use 26-2 when dependent on other job 5-4
dynamic when dependent on other jobs
allocation 15-50 example 5-5
unallocation 17-1 when restarting and with checkpointing 5-2
DYNAMNBR parameter example 5-3
use 15-50 EXPDT parameter
use 13-6, 17-10
expiration date
E for data set
end processing task for requesting data set resource deleting prior to date 17-10
chart 17-1 effect on disposition 17-10
description 17-1, 17-12 request 17-10
disposition of data set 17-1 when unexpired 17-3
Index X-5
IEBIMAGE utility program input stream (continued)
use for character-arrangement table 25-3 device 2-12
use in updating SYS1.IMAGELIB 25-3 example 2-12
IEBUPDTE utility program identification of data set 12-5
use 9-5 integrity processing
IEFBR14 program chart 13-3
considerations when using 10-16 definition 13-1
description 10-16 for other than permanent data set 13-3
use in testing 10-16 for permanent data set 13-2
IEHPROGM utility program of data set 13-2
use B-9 interpretation
IF/THEN/ELSE/ENDIF statement construct punched sysout data set
example 10-4 request 25-5
level of evaluation INTRDR subparameter
job level 10-3 use 24-5
step level 10-3 invalid syntax
to force step execution 10-4 scanning for 10-15
use 10-1
IORATE parameter
with COND parameter 10-3
use 11-4
IN subparameter
ISMF (Interactive Storage Management Facility)
use 14-3, 14-4
use 13-6, 13-7, 15-2, 15-16, D-2
INCLUDE group
specifying library containing 9-6
INCLUDE statement
example 4-3 J
use 4-3 JCLLIB statement
independent mode specifying library 9-6
processor for INCLUDE group 9-6
requesting 9-9 JCLTEST subparameter
index area use 10-15
description A-1 JESDS parameter
identifying 12-3, 12-4 use 7-6, 7-7
INDEX parameter job
use 12-3, 25-4 background
indexed sequential data set defining 7-5
area arrangement A-4 batch
creating A-1 defining 7-5
description A-1, A-8 control 2-1
example A-7 description 3-1
identifying 12-3, 12-4 entering 2-4, 3-1
parameters for retrieval or extension A-6 example 2-4
retrieving A-5 jobstep example 2-4
specific track request 15-47 predecessor 5-4
system assigned space request 15-46 processing 3-2
when allocation error occurs A-4 requesting resource 2-3
indexing successor 5-4
of sysout data set margin 25-4 termination
input control task for entering jobs when data set cannot be cataloged 17-4
by copying input stream 6-2 job log
example 6-3 description 7-6
by holding job entrance 6-1 execution time messages in log 10-13
example 6-2 for communication from JCL to programmer 7-2
use 6-2 output class 7-6
by holding local input reader 6-2 printing 7-6
example 6-2 with sysout data set 7-7
chart 6-1 JOBCAT catalog
description 6-1, 6-4 use 12-7
from remote work station 6-3 jobname
input stream to identify job 4-1
definition 2-12 JOURNAL parameter
description 3-1 in restart 5-2
Index X-7
MSGLEVEL parameter OUTPUT JCL statement (continued)
use 7-6 changing //*FORMAT statement 22-4
use in controlling job log listing 7-2 changing /*OUTPUT statement 22-4
references to multiple statements 22-2
use 22-1
N output limiting
naming chart 26-1
data set 12-1 description 26-1, 26-3
temporary data set 12-3 example 26-2
NOLOG parameter in a non-APPC scheduling environment 26-2
use 7-7 in an APPC scheduling environment 26-1
NOPWREAD subparameter messages when limit exceeded 7-3
use 14-2 request 26-1
Notices E-1 terminating job when limit exceeded 10-12
notification use 26-1
of TSO/E userid 7-5 when exceeded 26-2
NOTIFY parameter OUTPUT parameter
use 7-5 use 22-1
null statement overflow area
example 4-1 description A-1
to identify job end 4-1 identifying 12-3, 12-4
NULLFILE subparameter OVFLOW subparameter
use 16-1 use 12-3
nullification
of dummy data set 16-2
of dummy status for sysout data set 22-9 P
PAGEDEF parameter
use 22-10
O PAGES parameter
ONLY subparameter to limit job’s output 7-3
example 10-12 in APPC scheduling environment 7-3, 10-12
to force step execution 10-6 in non-APPC scheduling environment 7-4, 10-12
operating system use 10-17, 26-1
content 3-1
parallel mounting
ORG parameter
of volumes
use 24-1
to request more than one device 15-6
OUT subparameter
PARM parameter
processing with 14-4
use in communicating from JCL to program 7-2
use 14-3
values for IBM-supplied program 7-3
OUTDISP parameter
of OUTPUT JCL statement pass
to hold a sysout data set 22-7 data set
to suppress output 22-9 demounting of volume 17-12
OUTLIM parameter disposition when data set unreceived 17-6
use 24-6, 26-1 effect on volume retention 17-12
output formatting receiving passed data set 17-5
requesting 17-5
chart 25-1
when step abnormally terminates during
description 25-1, 26-1
execution 17-6
of dump on 3800 Printing Subsystem 25-5
of dumps on 3800 Printing Subsystem PASSWORD parameter
example 25-5 use 8-1, 14-2
to 3211 Printer with indexing feature 25-4 passwords
example 25-4 in protecting data set 14-2
to 3800 Printing Subsystem 25-2 PDS (partitioned data set)
example 25-3 identifying 12-2, 12-4
to any printer 25-1 member 12-2, 12-4
example 25-2 use as library 9-1
to punch 25-4 PDSE (partitioned data set extended)
example 25-5 member 12-2, 12-4
OUTPUT JCL statement PEND statement
adding parameter 22-2 to identify procedure end 4-2
Index X-9
processor (continued) RD parameter
selecting in JES3 9-10 in restart 5-2
selecting using a scheduling environment 9-8 reader
PROCLIB parameter input
use 9-5 holding 6-2
programmer’s name internal
to identify 4-4 as output destination 24-5
PROTECT parameter description 3-1
use 14-1 limiting record 24-6
protection task for entering jobs message class 24-6
chart 8-1 sending directly to JES 24-6
description 8-1, 9-1 receive
through RACF 8-1 passed data set
example 8-1 requesting 17-5
protection task for requesting data set resources RECFM parameter
use 13-6, D-3
by password 14-2
RECORG parameter
by passwords
use 13-6, D-3
example 14-3
REFDD parameter
chart 14-1
use 13-6, B-2, D-4
description 14-1, 15-1
relative generation numbers
for ISO/ANSI/FIPS Version 3 tape 14-2
definition B-1
for ISO/ANSI/FIPS Version 3 tapes
release
example 14-2
held sysout data set
for SMS-managed data sets
requesting 22-8
description 14-2
summary D-4 remote node
of access to BSAM and BDAM data set 14-3 execution 5-6
of access to BSAM and BDAM data sets specifying as destination for sysout data set 24-1
chart 14-3 remote terminal
example 14-4 use 6-3
through RACF 14-1 remote work station
example 14-2 use 6-3
protection task for requesting sysout data set resources requesting resources 3-6
chart 20-1 for data set 2-3
description 20-1 task in job control 2-3
example 20-1 tasks 3-6
with RACF 20-1 task chart 3-6
PRTY parameter resource control task for entering jobs
use 11-2, 21-1 chart 9-1
PSF (Print Services Facility) description 9-1, 9-12
control 22-10 of address space 9-6
punch example 9-8
sysout data set of INCLUDE group 9-6
formatting 25-4 of procedure library 9-4
interpretation 25-5 example 9-5
scheduling 23-1 of processor 9-8
example 9-10
of program library 9-1
Q creating and adding example 9-2
example of concatenating 9-4
QNAME parameter example of retrieving 9-3
use 12-10, 16-5 example of temporary 9-4
of spool partition 9-10
example 9-11
R restart
RACF (Resource Access Control Facility) after abnormal termination 5-2
data set protection 14-1 after JES2 system failure 5-3
protecting printed output 20-1 after JES3 system failure 5-3
protection through 8-1 automatic checkpoint 5-2
with in-stream data set 12-5 automatic step 5-2
with sysout data set 18-1 deferred checkpoint 5-2
Index X-11
status (continued) SYSTEM parameter
of device use 9-10
affect on allocation 15-3 SYSUDUMP statement
step use 10-17
description 3-1
maximum number 3-2
STEPCAT catalog T
use 12-7 task
stepname chart 3-2
to identify step 4-2 description 3-1
storage for entering jobs
administrator D-1 chart 3-3
central 9-6 for processing jobs
region size 9-7 chart 3-5
class for requesting sysout data set resources
overriding attribute D-3 chart 3-8
summary D-1 TCAM (telecommunications access method)
logical 9-8 message data set 12-10
real 9-6 processing of TCAM message data set 16-5
region size 9-7 temporary data set 12-3
requesting 9-7 TERM parameter
virtual 9-6 use 12-10, 24-7
region size 9-7 terminal
STORCLAS parameter as output destination 24-7
use 15-2, 15-16, B-2, B-3, D-2 identifying data set 12-10
with temporary data set 12-3 termination
SUBSYS parameter abnormal
use 16-4 data set disposition 17-1
subsystem disposition of unreceived passed data set 17-6
printing message 7-6 effect on disposition 17-2
program control statement 16-4 effect on passing of data set 17-6
request 16-4 execution time exceeded 10-13
suppression forcing execution of later step 10-4, 10-6
of sysout output output limit exceeded 10-12
request 22-8 normal
using OUTPUT JCL statement 22-9 data set disposition 17-1
with started task 22-9 restarting 5-2
when system cannot catalog data set 17-4
syntax
THRESHLD parameter
scanning
use 22-5
for error 6-2, 10-15
time parameter
SYS1.PROCLIB system procedure library
use 10-15
use for procedure 3-1
TIME parameter
SYSABEND statement use 10-13, 10-15
use 10-17 TRC parameter
SYSAFF parameter use 25-2, 25-3
use 9-9 TSO/E (time sharing option) userid
SYSAREA parameter as output destination 24-5
use 20-1 notifying when job complete 7-5
SYSCHK DD statement RACF protection parameters from logon 8-1
in restart 5-2 TYPE parameter
SYSCKEOV DD statement when requesting processor 9-10
use 16-4 TYPRUN parameter
SYSMDUMP statement copying job 6-2
use 10-17 holding job 6-1
sysout data set use 10-15
printing with job log 7-7
SYSOUT parameter
use 7-7, 18-1 U
system-generated qualified name UCS parameter
for temporary data set 12-3 use 25-1, 25-3
V
VIO (virtual input/output)
backward reference 15-49
use 15-47
volume
attribute
affect on device allocation 15-34
assigning 15-19, 15-20
definition 15-17
permanently resident 15-18
private 15-17
public 15-17
removable 15-18
reserved 15-18
retention 17-12
storage 15-18
VOLUME parameter
referencing in earlier DD statement 15-25, 15-28
relationship to UNIT parameter 15-24, 15-28
use 13-6, 15-16, 15-17, 15-18, 15-19, A-2, A-6, B-6,
B-9, D-3
volume requests
nonspecific 15-17, 15-19
allocation 15-19
label type 12-8
number per DD statement 15-23
specific 15-18
allocation 15-18
label type 12-9
VSAM (virtual storage access method)
data set
creating C-1, C-4
description C-1, D-1
parameter C-1
parameters C-5
parameters to avoid C-6, C-7, C-8
Index X-13
X-14 z/OS V1R2.0 MVS JCL User’s Guide
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