Child Development An Introduction Santrock 14th Edition Test Bank
Child Development An Introduction Santrock 14th Edition Test Bank
Child Development An Introduction Santrock 14th Edition Test Bank
A. pill dosage
B. sex of the subjects in the study
C. time it takes a subject to push the button
D. one-week delay
143.As a high-school principal, Dr. Ilka is interested in whether the fifth-grade students have better math
skills than the third- and first-graders. To answer her question she presents children in each of the three
grades with the same math test and then compares the scores. Dr. Ilka's study utilized a
design.
A. cross-sectional
B. longitudinal
C. time-lag
D. correlational
144.A psychologist is interested in how early childhood nutrition affects height. To research this subject he
tracks the nutritional consumption and growth of the same group of infants from age 1 through age 6.
This research technique is utilizing a design.
A. time-lag
B. longitudinal
C. correlational
D. cross-sectional
145.The main disadvantage of a longitudinal design is
A. too much expense.
B. too much time involvement.
C. both too much time and expense.
D. None of these.
146.Which ethical precaution is not required by the American Psychological Association for researchers using
children as subjects?
A. Informed consent must be obtained from either a parent or legal guardian.
B. Children must be allowed to withdraw from the research at any point if they so desire.
C. Experimenters must strive to make the research encounter a positive and supportive experience.
D. Researchers must avoid the use of deception.
147.The key goal of the American Psychological Association's ethical guidelines is to
A. ensure precise and accurate findings.
B. eliminate the use of deception in research.
C. help ensure that subjects will not leave a study.
D. protect subjects from mental and physical harm.
148. is using an ethnic label such as African American or Latino in a superficial way that
portrays an ethnic group as being more homogeneous than it really is.
A. Ethnic value-free
B. Ethnicity interpretation
C. Ethnic gloss
D. None of these.
149.In the early 2000s, which of the following is true about ethnic minority research?
A. There is an abundance of research.
B. There is about equal treatment of research between minority and non-minority children.
C. More children from ethnic minority backgrounds need to be included in research.
D. None of these.
150.From the standpoint of a professional and/or parent, explain why it is important for an adult to understand
child development in order to help a child reach his or her full potential.
151.Show that you understand the difference between culture and ethnicity by giving a child-related example
of each.
152.Explain the concept of resilience in children. Name and explain three examples of the characteristics you
would see in a resilient child.
153.List the five stages of childhood development.
154.One form of research data collection is through interviews and questionnaires. What are the pros and cons
of each approach?
1 Key
1. The story of Ted Kaczynski and Alice Walker is told to draw attention to the fact that
A.some children grow up unable to pick up the pieces of a life shattered by tragedy and become
unhinged by life and stress.
B. children with difficult childhoods are always destined to have difficult adulthoods.
C. children with easygoing childhoods are always destined to have easygoing adulthoods.
D. None of these.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Application
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-01
Santrock - Chapter 01 #1
2. Why do parents and teachers study children?
A. Responsibility for children is or will be a part of their everyday lives.
B. The study will help them understand their own individual histories.
C. The study of child development raises some intriguing and provocative issues.
D. All of these.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-01
Santrock - Chapter 01 #3
4. Luis Vargas, a clinical psychologist, is involved in work including the
A. assessment and treatment of children, adolescents and their families.
B. training mental health professionals to provide culturally responsive mental health services.
C. training mental health professionals to provide developmentally appropriate mental health service.
D. All of these.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Application
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-01
Santrock - Chapter 01 #7
8. A child's development occurs in (a) context(s).
A. singular
B. numerous
C. strictly positive
D. strictly negative
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Blooms Taxonomy: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Learning Goal: 01-01
Santrock - Chapter 01 #14
15. The acronym SES stands for
A. secondary ethnic sector.
B. solitary ethnic sector.
C. socioeconomic status.
D. social ethnic status.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Application
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-01
Santrock - Chapter 01 #17
18. Resilience in relation to children means that
A. some children develop confidence in their abilities despite negative stereotypes about their gender.
B. some children develop confidence in their abilities despite negative stereotypes about their ethnic
group.
C. some children triumph over poverty or other adversities.
D. All of these.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Learning Goal: 01-01
Santrock - Chapter 01 #19
20. What is social policy?
A. an individual's way of interacting with others in his or her ecosystem
B. a global philosophy based on the premise of equity and equality for all
C. any law designed to limit the behavior of individuals within a population
D. a government's course of action to promote the welfare of its citizens
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Learning Goal: 01-01
Santrock - Chapter 01 #21
22. The pattern of human development is strongly related to
A. biology.
B. cognition.
C. socioemotional development.
D. All of these.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-02
Santrock - Chapter 01 #29
30. What is the first developmental period?
A. birth
B. infancy
C. prenatal
D. conception
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Blooms Taxonomy: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-02
Santrock - Chapter 01 #37
38. People born of the generation after 1980 are called
A. mellenials.
B. minorities.
C. monopolies.
D. microsystems.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Learning Goal: 01-02
Santrock - Chapter 01 #47
48. A developmentalist who focuses on the distinct stages in the life span emphasizes
A. maturation.
B. later development.
C. the continuity of development.
D. the discontinuity of development.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Learning Goal: 01-02
Santrock - Chapter 01 #49
50. The outcome of the early-later experience issue is
A. agreed upon by most developmentalists.
B. of no concern to developmentalists.
C. is a hotly debated issue among developmentalists.
D. is an issue that was a concern only in the 1950s.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-02
Santrock - Chapter 01 #53
54. Which discipline is not considered a science?
A. physics
B. child development
C. biology
D. All of these disciplines are sciences.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #59
60. Which of the following statements about Freud is incorrect?
A. He worked with mental patients early in his career.
B. He was a medical doctor specializing in neurology.
C. His work stemmed from studying with Piaget.
D. All of these are incorrect statements.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #61
62. Which of the following is not a Freudian stage of personality development?
A. unconscious
B. oral
C. anal
D. phallic
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Blooms Taxonomy: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #70
71. Which of Erikson's psychosocial stages occurs during the later preschool years?
A. trust versus mistrust
B. initiative versus guilt
C. autonomy versus shame and doubt
D. industry versus inferiority
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Blooms Taxonomy: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #77
78. Stagnation means
A. a state of confusion as people move toward old age.
B. a slow start in trying to help others.
C. the desire to meet young children and teach them life lessons.
D. the feeling of having done nothing to help the next generation.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #79
80. Which of the following is not a criticism of psychoanalytical theory?
A. The main concepts have been too difficult to test scientifically.
B. The sexual underpinnings are not given enough importance, especially in Freud's theory.
C. The theories are culture- and gender-biased.
D. The view is overly negative.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #81
82. Which of the following is not an important cognitive theory?
A. Watson's integration theory
B. Piaget's cognitive development theory
C. Vygotsky's sociocultural cognitive theory
D. Information-processing approach
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Blooms Taxonomy: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #83
84. Piaget's theory of cognitive development has stages.
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. eight
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #85
86. What is the first Piagetian stage?
A. sensorimotor stage
B. formal operational stage
C. concrete operational stage
D. preoperational stage
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A. abstract thinking
B. logical thinking
C. images of ideal circumstances
D. All of these are a part of the formal operational stage.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #90
91. Russian Lev Vygotsky is associated with which of the following theories?
A. sociocultural
B. psychoanalytic
C. psychosexual
D. cognitive
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #93
94. Which of the following is not a correct pairing?
A. Pavlov and classical conditioning
B. Bandura and social-learning theory
C. Watson and information processing
D. Skinner and operant conditioning
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #95
96. Which theorist is associated with the information-processing theory?
A. Skinner
B. Siegler
C. Piaget
D. Vygotsky
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #97
98. Classical conditioning occurs when a neutral stimulus
A. is replaced by a cognitive schema.
B. can be ignored by the respondent.
C. is converted into a neutral response.
D. acquires the ability to produce a response originally produced by another stimulus.
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A. operant conditioning
B. classical conditioning
C. social conditioning
D. counter conditioning
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #105
106. Which of the following factors is not key to the social cognitive theory?
A. behavior
B. environment
C. classical conditioning
D. cognition
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Blooms Taxonomy: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #111
112. The person who is least likely to be an ethologist is one who observes
A. monkeys in the jungles of Africa.
B. infant-parent attachment.
C. ducklings as they develop on farms.
D. rats in a well-controlled research lab.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #113
114. Which of the following is missing from classical ethological theory?
A. the imprinting process
B. the nature of social relationships
C. the biological basis
D. both the imprinting process and the biological process
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Blooms Taxonomy: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #115
116. One criticism of the ethological theory is that
A. the concept of the critical period is overdrawn.
B. the concept of the critical period is underplayed.
C. the critical period emphasizes the early years, as it should.
D. there is an overemphasis on human relationships.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #117
118. The theory emphasizes environmental factors.
A. ecological
B. ethological
C. biological
D. critical-period
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Blooms Taxonomy: Application
Difficulty Level: Basic
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #127
128. Scientific observation requires that
A. the observer needs to know what he or she is looking for.
B. the observer needs to remain unbiased.
C. recording and categorizing is essential.
D. All of these.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #138
139. What is the purpose of correlational research?
A. to determine the cause of a behavior
B. to describe the strength of the relationship between two events
C. to compare the responses of an individual with that of a group
D. to compare groups from at least two different cultures or geographic areas
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Blooms Taxonomy: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #144
145. The main disadvantage of a longitudinal design is
A. too much expense.
B. too much time involvement.
C. both too much time and expense.
D. None of these.
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Blooms Taxonomy: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Learning Goal: 01-03
Santrock - Chapter 01 #148
149. In the early 2000s, which of the following is true about ethnic minority research?
A. There is an abundance of research.
B. There is about equal treatment of research between minority and non-minority children.
C. More children from ethnic minority backgrounds need to be included in research.
D. None of these.
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