Reviewer in SATA

Week 2

The word communication came from the latin word communicare which means “to
impart” , “ to share “ or “ make common “

communication is a process where a sender encodes and imparts information via a

channel or a medium to a receiver , who , then , decodes and provides the sender a
feedback.

Speech communication involves the production and perception of sounds used in the
spoken language.

Listening is important in communication.By providing verbal and non-verbal

feedbacks, or both the listener becomes an active participant in the communication
process.

Intrapersonal

is communication with oneself. There are many other names for the same concept –
self-talk, internal monologue, inner speech, inner experience, and internal discourse.

Interpersonal

is the process of exchange of information, ideas and feelings between two or

more people through verbal or non-verbal methods. It often includes face-to-face
exchange of information, in a form of voice, facial expressions, body language and
gestures

Organs of Speech

The Respiratory System consists of diaphragm, lungs and the bronchial tubes which
leads to the throat.

Lungs
Serves as the reservoir of the air.

Diaphragm
Gives pressure to the breath stream.
The Phonatory System is responsible for the vibration of the vocal chords.

Larynx
Known as the “adam’s apple”

Vocal chords
A pair of bundles of muscles and cartilages

Trachea
Also know as the wind pipe.

Resonator System.
The voice produced in phonation is weak.

Pharynx
Common passageway for the air and food.
Week 3

The Art of Communication

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION

▪ Verbal communication:

This form of communication includes the use of sounds and language in order to convey
your intended message.

▪ Non-Verbal communication:

This includes everything else other than words like the posture, appearance, body
language and eye movements of the speaker which helps emphasize the message
being conveyed.
Verbal Communication

They have the power to build or destroy. Words can build bridges that allow people to
reach a level of understanding. Words can also destroy relations.

1. Vocabulary

Choosing an appropriate vocabulary usually reveals your level of language proficiency.

2. Tone

When it comes to your tone when delivering a speech, it is important to avoid monotony
as it creates a sense of uninterest in the topic.

3. Pace

The speed of your speech tells others a lot. Speaking slowly communicates
thoughtfulness which implies that you want others to hear and understand your
message while speaking fast communicates that you are excited, encouraging your
audience to be interested in the topic at hand.

4. Emotions

Similar to your tone, emotions are a very effective communicator. In fact, it is vital that
you only show emotions without getting emotional. If you can control your emotions you
will be an extremely effective communicator.

5. Enunciation

This is arguably the hardest verbal communication skill to master. In order to ensure
that the listener clearly understands your message, you need to ensure that you are
speaking clearly making communications easier as a clear pronunciation of the words
makes it easily understood by the audience.

1. Speaking Posture

Changing body position (sitting, standing or kneeling) during presentations can have a
huge effect on the nature of the message being sent across.

2. Eyes

It is well known that “Eyes are the window to the soul”. Looking into the eyes
communicates caring. It is a sign of respect and understanding. On the other hand,
speaking with others while looking around communicates a lack of interest.
3. Arms

Your arms are another important factor when it comes to non-verbal communication.
When it comes to arm body language, there are a few strategies that are commonly
used. Expanding your arms helps you appear larger in an attempt to reach out to your
audience.

4. Hands

It is important to use the hands to communicate for illustration as keeping your hands by
your side communicates stiffness and the feeling of uncomfortability.

Listening

Listening well to others’ opinions or points of view and asking for clarification to avoid
misunderstanding is very beneficial in many ways:
• Gives you time to think over the words said to you and help you understand the
group/person you are communicating with.
• Provides you the chance to decide the perfect approach to the group/person you
are communicating with.
• Emotionally prepares your target group/person to listen to you since you listened
to them carefully, because it is well known that people want to be heard, so if you
give them 100% attention they will give you theirs.

Maintaining Positivity

Having a positive attitude and smiling while talking to others makes people respond
positively. Being self-confident, brief and precise leads you to provide enough
information for this group/person to understand your messages.
Week 4
Week 5

Types of Speech

1. Entertaining Speech

The core purpose of an entertaining speech is to amuse the audience, and obviously,
entertain them.

2. Informative Speech

▪ An informative speech’s purpose is to simplify complex theories into simpler,

easier-to-digest and less ambiguous ideas; in other words, conveying information
accurately.

3. Demonstrative Speech

A demonstrative speech is the type of speech you want to give to demonstrate how
something works or how to do a certain thing.

4. Persuasive Speech

A speech is said to be persuasive if the speaker is trying to prove why his or her point of
view is right, and by extension, persuade the audience to embrace that point of view.

5. Motivational Speech
A motivational speech is a special kind of persuasive speech, where the speaker
encourages the audience to pursue their own well-being.

6. Impromptu Speech

A speech given on the spot without any prior planning or preparation.

7. Oratorical Speech

Oratorical speeches are usually quite long and formal in nature.

8. Debate Speech

The debate speech has the general structure of a persuasive speech in the sense that
you use the same mechanics and figures to support your claim, but it’s distinct from a
persuasive speech in that its main purpose is to justify your stance toward something
rather than convince the audience to share your views.

9. Forensic Speech

According to the American Forensic Association (AFA), the definition of a forensic

speech is the study and practice of public speaking and debate.

10. Special Occasion Speech

Special occasion speeches can include introductory speeches, ceremonial speeches,

and tributary speeches.