Dead Stars-Lecture
Dead Stars-Lecture
Dead Stars-Lecture
ANGELICA P. JOVEN
Subject Teacher
QUESTION:
Who among you have been in a
relationship? or is currently in a
relationship?
QUESTION:
What difficulties have you
encountered in your relationship?
QUESTION:
Have you experienced break-up with
someone you love? If so, what was
the cause of it?
PAZ MARQUEZ BENITEZ
Born to a prominent family in Quezon province, she
is one of the first generations of Filipinos trained
under the American educational system. After
graduating, she pursued teaching at her alma mater,
the University of the Philippines. She served as an
admired and exceptional mentor in the English
department from 1916 to 1951. She is a strong
supporter of women's rights and education above all
else.
Guiral, A. N. (2023). Paz Márquez-Benítez: the woman whose words led to a literary
breakthrough. Tatler Asia. https://www.tatlerasia.com/lifestyle/arts/paz-marquez-
benitez
PAZ MARQUEZ BENITEZ
She was a member of the first freshman class of the
University of the Philippines, graduating with a Bachelor
of Arts degree in 1912.
She taught at the University’s English department from
1916 to 1951, acquiring a reputation as an outstanding
teacher. Among her students were Loreto Paras Sulit,
Paz Latorena, Bienvenido Santos, Manuel Arguilla, S.P.
Lopez and National Artist Francisco Arcellana, who later
emphatically declared, “She was the mother of us all!”
aliww. (n.d.). http://rizal.lib.admu.edu.ph/aliww/english_pmbenitez.html
MAJOR CHARACTERS
are vital to the development and resolution of the
conflict
MINOR CHARACTERS
serve to complement the major characters and
help and move the plot events forward
CHARACTERS
Alfredo Salazar - He is the son of Don Julian, a
bachelor who is older than 30. Although he is engaged
to Esperanza, he has grown fond of Julia Salas.
Esperanza - She is Alfredo Salazar's spouse. She is a
domesticated woman who has a literal mindset and is
fervently acquisitive.
Julia Salas- She is Alfredo Salazar's other interest and
the sister-in-law of Judge Del Valle. She lives a
perpetually single life.
CHARACTERS
•Don Julian - an old man, a father of Alfredo Salazar
and Carmen.
•Carmen - sister of Alfredo Salazar.
•Judge Del Valle - brother in law of Julia Salas.
•Doña Adela - sister of Julia Salas. She is small and
plump, a pretty woman with a complexion of a baby
with a expression of a likeable cow.
CHARACTERS
•Calixta - note-carrier of Alfredo Salazar and Esperanza.
•Dionisio - husband of Donna Adella.
•Vicente - husand of Carmen.
•Brigida Samuy - She is the illusive woman that Alfredo
is looking for. She lives near the hometown of Julia and
becomes the means for a reunion with what he thought
was his lost opportunity at love and happiness.
SETTING
·Place - Geographical location. Where is the action of the story
taking place?
·Time - When is the story taking place? (historical period, time
of day, year, etc.)
·Weather Conditions - Is it rainy, sunny, stormy, etc.?
·Social Conditions -What is the daily life of the characters like?
Does the story contain local color (writing that focuses on the
speech, dress, mannerisms, customs, etc. of a particular
place)?
SETTINGS in Dead Stars
DON JULIAN’S HOUSE
Don Julian was being questioned by Carmen about Alfredo's
wedding. Alfredo recalled that time with a mixture of wonder
and shame.
TIME SETTING
The literary piece was written in the 1920's. The author’s writing
captures the language, social mores, and way of thinking of the period
in which the literary work was written.
LENTEN SEASON - in the story, holy week was celebrated proven by
the procession of Our Lady of Sorrows.
PLOT PATTERNS AND TECHNIQUES
There are numerous concepts in literature which are helpful
to deepen one’s understanding and appreciation of a
fictional work.
This also include the events when the father and son tandem would go
crunching up the gravel road to the house on the hill after every Sunday
morning mass. When asked by Esperanza if Alfredo went straight home
after mass, he suddenly realized that He had not waited for Esperanza on
Sundays for a few weeks to leave the church as he was customarily known
to do. He had been itching to visit some "neighbors."
CONFLICT
The conflict is the big problem of the story. What is your main
character trying to overcome? That is the conflict.
The story had an Internal conflict- A struggle with a force within one's self.
Specifically a: Man vs. Self - In the story, Alfredo was confused/uncertain
by his decisions. He was torn between doing what is right and what is in his
heart.
CLIMAX in DEAD STARS
- this is the highest point and the turning point of the story. The
readers wonder what will happen next; will the conflict be resolved
or not?
-Julia Salas bid her goodbye to Alfredo as she is now aware that
Alfredo is already engaged. This is followed by the couple’s
argument regarding Calixta, which then turned into a confrontation
between the two as Esperanza is aware of Alfredo’s attachment
with Julia. Esperanza then dared Alfredo to speak out before it’s
too late since their wedding is approaching.
FALLING ACTION
In a story, falling action occurs after the turning point of the
climax and signifies that the story’s main conflict is coming to a
close.
Ideally, it resolves any loose ends in the plot and shows the
aftermath of the climax. Falling action also typically leads to the
resolution, which is the very end of the story.
FALLING ACTION in DEAD STARS
Alfredo and Esperanza still continued their wedding, and
after a few years Alfredo went to the town of Julia for a
business purpose and ended up seeing and talking to Julia.
2. Second person POV- the story is told to “you.” This POV is not
common in fiction, but it’s still good to know (it is common in
nonfiction)
POINT OF VIEW
3. Third person POV limited- the story is about “he” or “she.” This is the
most common point of view in commercial fiction. The narrator is
outside of the story and relating the experiences of a SINGLE
character. We know only what the character knows and what the
author allows him/her to tell us.
4.Third person POV omniscient- the story is still about “he”or “she”,
but the narrator has full access to the thoughts and experiences of
SOME/ all characters in the story; story is told based on what the
narrator sees and observe.
DEAD STARS
the story was written using the third person-omniscient point of view
THIRD PERSON-OMNISCIENT POINT OF VIEW
Omniscient narration is one of the oldest and most widely used
storytelling devices.
Dead Stars by Paz Marquez Benitez Summary, Themes, & Analysis. (2020, April 16). Lit
Priest. https://litpriest.com/short-stories/dead-stars-summary-themes-
analysis/#themes-in-dead-stars
ANGELICA P. JOVEN
Subject Teacher